APPLIED CATALYSIS B-ENVIRONMENTAL
·
2021
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IF 19.503
Yuanfeng Qi,Jing Li,Yanqing Zhang,Qi Cao,Yanmei Si,Zhiren Wu,Muhammad Akram,Xing Xu
In this work, a facile one-pot pyrolytic strategy was employed to fabricate a nitrogen coordinated Co single-atom catalyst (SA Co-N/C catalyst) by using lignin as carbon sources. The HAADF-STEM images and X-ray absorption spectra (XAS) analysis showed the isolated Co atoms less than 2 Å throughout the entire SA Co-N/C architecture. Results showed that the single-atom Co sites served as the main active sites for naproxen (NPX) degradation via peroxymonosulfate (PMS) activation. This was confirmed by the high positive correlation (R 2 = 0.9675) between the rate constants and Co amounts in all SA Co-N/C catalysts. In particular, the as-prepared SA Co-N/C catalyst with a very small Co loading (2.45 wt.%) exhibited exceptional high turnover frequency (TOF) value for NPX (4.82 min −1 ), which is promising for the potential application prospect. Electron transfer was induced by the single-atom Co sites, which was the dominated mechanism for the NPX degradation.
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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
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2025
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IF 8.5
Zexian Chen,Yaojie Zhang,Wenjuan Dong,Yang Liu,Li Zhang,Yueping Dong,Zihan Wang,Yihong Chen,Qin Hu,Chuan Dong,Xiaojuan Gong
Lignin-derived carbon dots (L-CDs) were synthesized via a simple one-step hydrothermal method using sodium lignosulfonate and polyethylene polyamine as carbon and nitrogen sources, respectively. The obtained L-CDs exhibited strong blue fluorescence, which was effectively quenched by Co(II) and VB 12 through an inner filter effect (IFE), accompanied by distinct color changes under both visible and ultraviolet light. Taking advantage of this property, a smartphone-assisted visual sensing strategy was developed for the rapid and portable detection of Co(II) and VB 12 with high selectivity and sensitivity. The detection limits were as low as 0.17 μM for Co(II) and 0.03 μM for VB 12 . Furthermore, the proposed sensing platform was successfully applied to the determination of Co(II) in environmental water samples and VB 12 in pharmaceutical formulations. This work not only demonstrates a novel design of carbon dot-based dual-mode sensors but also highlights the value-added utilization of lignin in analytical applications.
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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
·
2025
·
IF 8.5
Deyang Li,Xue Tian,Mengyao He,Chunyu Ding,Dongming Qi,Yangyi Sun
M ultifunctional m icro f iber s ynthetic l eather (MMFL) with antibacterial activity, air permeability, moisture transmission, UV resistance, and mechanical robustness, is highly needed by advanced applications. However, achieving these integrated functionalities often requires complex designs and high filler loadings, leading to aggregation and compromised mechanical performance. Here, we propose a low-filler-content strategy using only 2–5 wt% of silver-decorated l ignin- h ybrid h ollow s ilica sphere s (Ag@LHHSs) in a w aterborne p olyurethane (WPU) to fabricate MMFL with integrated functionalities. The superior performance stems from the synergistic structure-function design of Ag@LHHSs: 1) uniformly distributed Ag n ano p articles (NPs) generate ·OH radicals, providing strong antibacterial efficacy, while simultaneously coordinating with WPU carbonyl/amine groups to enhance interfacial adhesion without compromising mechanical integrity; 2) lignin shell, rich in hydroxyl and sulfonic groups, contributes to UV protection and forms hydrogen bonds with WPU, further improving compatibility; 3) the hollow architecture creates free volume, enhancing breathability and moisture permeability. With only 2–5 wt% Ag@LHHSs, our MMFL achieves antibacterial efficiency of exceeding 99 %, air permeability of 283.4 mm/s (26.0 % higher than neat WPU), and 2 ·24 h water vapor transmission of 7120 g/m 2 (171.1 % improvement), meanwhile maintaining UV resistance and mechanical robustness. This work provides a promising strategy for developing lightweight, low-cost, multifunctional synthetic microfiber leathers via rational nanofiller design and interfacial engineering.
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CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
·
2026
·
IF 12.5
Shinjae Lee,Hayoung Jeong,Hyungjin Choi,Chaewon Lee,Donghyeon Kim,Eonu Nam,Na Hye Kim,Hyeongeon Lee,Jeong Woo Han,Kwangjin An
Ru 1 /Mg(OH) 2 enables hydrogen-free catalytic fractionation of lignocellulose in water. • Single-atom Ru anchored on defect-rich Mg(OH) 2 forms active Ru–O–Mg sites. • C α –OH of β–O–4 linkages acts as an intrinsic hydrogen source for cleavage. • DFT reveals a low-barrier dehydrogenation-assisted β–O–4 scission pathway. • Up to 50.7 wt% aromatic monomers are produced without external hydrogen. Lignin-first biorefining offers a promising route for producing renewable aromatic chemicals; however, most reductive catalytic fractionation (RCF) strategies rely on external hydrogen, limiting their scalability and safety. Here, we report a Ru 1 /Mg(OH) 2 catalyst that enables self‑hydrogen supplied catalytic fractionation (SCF) of lignocellulose in water without external H 2 . The catalyst delivers a remarkably high lignin monomer yield of 50.7 wt% from birch sawdust, approaching the theoretical maximum. Comprehensive characterization (XRD, TEM, XAFS, XPS, Raman, and ESR) reveals that Ru is predominantly atomically dispersed on Mg(OH) 2 and interacts strongly with proton-missing oxygen defects to form unique Ru–O–Mg interfacial sites. These sites generate highly basic oxygen species that promote C α –OH dehydrogenation and subsequently facilitate β–O–4 bond cleavage. Model compound studies confirm that the C α –OH group serves as the intrinsic hydrogen donor, while isotope-labeling experiments and kinetic analysis identify C α –H activation as the rate-determining step. Density functional theory calculations further establish that the dehydrogenation-assisted β–O–4 cleavage pathway has the lowest activation barrier (0.31 eV), validating the endogenous hydrogen mechanism. Collectively, this study provides fundamental insights into hydrogen-free lignin depolymerization and establishes Ru 1 /Mg(OH) 2 as a highly efficient platform for green and scalable lignocellulose valorization. Lignin-first biorefining offers a promising route for producing renewable aromatic chemicals; however, most reductive catalytic fractionation (RCF) strategies rely on external hydrogen, limiting their scalability and safety. Here, we report a Ru 1 /Mg(OH) 2 catalyst that enables self-hydrogen supplied catalytic fractionation (SCF) of lignocellulose in water without external H 2 . The catalyst delivers a remarkably high lignin monomer yield of 50.7 wt% from birch sawdust, approaching the theoretical maximum. Comprehensive characterization (XRD, TEM, XAFS, XPS, Raman, and ESR) reveals that Ru is predominantly atomically dispersed on Mg(OH) 2 and interacts strongly with proton-missing oxygen defects to form unique Ru–O–Mg interfacial sites. These sites generate highly basic oxygen species that promote C α –OH dehydrogenation and subsequently facilitate β–O–4 bond cleavage. Model compound studies confirm that the C α –OH group serves as the intrinsic hydrogen donor, while isotope-labeling experiments and kinetic analysis identify C α –H activation as the rate-determining step. Density functional theory calculations further establish that the dehydrogenation-assisted β–O–4 cleavage pathway has the lowest activation barrier (0.31 eV), validating the endogenous hydrogen mechanism. Collectively, this study provides fundamental insights into hydrogen-free lignin depolymerization and establishes Ru 1 /Mg(OH) 2 as a highly efficient platform for green and scalable lignocellulose valorization. Download: Download high-res image (237KB) Download: Download full-size image
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CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS
·
2026
·
IF 13.2
Chaofan He,Ze Kang,Kai Kang,Jiayue Huo,Rui Zhao,Yong Guo,Jie Wei,Yuxia Chen,Chao Ma
Conductive hydrogels derived from natural biomass have attracted considerable attention owing to their excellent flexibility and electrochemical performance. However, simultaneously achieving high mechanical strength, high electrical conductivity, and multifunctional integration remains a notable challenge. Herein, we propose a facile strategy to obtain bamboo cellulose nanofiber (BF) as the reinforcing phase using hydrated multi-carboxylic acid deep eutectic solvent and construct a multifunctional polyacrylamide-lignin/LiCl-BF (PAM-LLi-BF) hydrogel through free radical polymerization reaction induced by LLi catalytic system. The PAM-LLi-BF hydrogel leverages the uniform dispersion and permeation of BF throughout its network, as well as the dual effects of the LLi system in promoting rapid hydrogel polymerization and enhancing conductivity, which exhibits satisfactory compressive performance (615.27 kPa), tensile properties (strain of 1260.67%), and fatigue resistance. In addition, it possesses excellent conductivity, adhesion, and antifreezing capabilities. Moreover, the fabricated hydrogel-based flexible sensor simultaneously serves as a strain sensor (GF = 3.89, working range of 0–500%) and a pressure sensor (response time of 231 ms, stable sensing after 1000 compression cycles). Combined with a deep-learning algorithm, the PAM-LLi-BF hydrogel is integrated into an intelligent seat cushion and successfully applied to monitor human sitting posture in real time (with an identification accuracy rate of 95.1%).
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BIOMACROMOLECULES
·
2026
·
IF 5.9
Tianyuan Xiao,Lu Wu,Zhewen Zhang,Lingzhi Huang,Qiu Fu,Xuanjia Yu,Jiahao Yang,Rongkai Yang,Guohua Dong,Haiqiang Shi
Conventional adhesives typically rely on toxic reagents such as phenol and formaldehyde, forming irreversible covalent networks upon curing. In this study, highly reactive uncondensed lignin was prepared using a green solvent, followed by epoxidation to facilitate its nanoscale formation. Subsequently, the lignin was copolymerized with dithiol borate, polyethylene glycol was incorporated to modulate the flexibility of the covalent adaptable network, thereby constructing a lignin-based vitrimer solid adhesive (LVSA). In particular, the dry and wet bonding strengths of VD3H3 adhesive to bamboo strips reached 19.16 and 11.70 MPa, respectively. This LVSA features thermal processability, recyclability, and photothermal conversion performance. Moreover, the functional chain segments facilitate the lignin adhesive to exert a gas-phase-solid-phase flame-retardant mechanism, with a limiting oxygen index (LOI) of 43.8%. This work presents an design strategy for the development of high-strength, recyclable, and multifunctional green LVSA, paving the way toward a approach for the high-value utilization of lignin.
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COLLOIDS AND SURFACES A-PHYSICOCHEMICAL AND ENGINEERING ASPECTS
·
2026
·
IF 5.4
Xiaohan Zhu,Mengyang Yuan,Yu Qin,Jiahui Wei,Ningbo Yang,Jing Zhang,Fengli Yu,Bing Yuan
Exclusive cyclohexanol selectivity was achieved over a lignin-derived Ni catalyst. • Water guide selectivity via competitive adsorption, acting as a green switch. • Bridging biomass valorization and interfacial catalysis using waste enzymatic lignin. A Ni nanoparticle catalyst, Ni@C BDC-EL , was synthesized via one-pot solvothermal method using Ni-BDC as template and nickel source, and enzymatic lignin (EL) as a sustainable carbon dopant. The resulting catalyst delivers outstanding performance in aqueous hydrogenation of phenol under mild conditions (100 °C, 0.5 MPa H 2 , 4 h), attaining > 99% cyclohexanol yield. Experiments, calculations, and characterizations reveal that EL macromolecules co-coordinate with Ni 2 + and BDC in Ni-BDC-EL precursor, forming an interpenetrating network that enhanced framework stability. An optimal BDC:EL ratio yields a nanoflower-like sphere architecture after pyrolysis at 500 °C, featuring a well-tuned pore structure and high specific surface area. This morphology promotes uniform dispersion and confinement of active sites, producing Ni nanoparticles averaging 7.85 nm. DFT indicates preferential planar phenol adsorption on Ni(111) facet favors benzene ring hydrogenation, while in water, the phenolic hydroxyl activation on the Ni 2+ sites is suppressed, steering selectivity to cyclohexanol as the sole product. Download: Download high-res image (173KB) Download: Download full-size image
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FUEL
·
2026
·
IF 7.8
Zeyu Wu,Zhen Yang,Xinyue Zhao,Xi Gao,Yuan Xue,Mo Zheng,Liangyuan Jia,Zhongyue Zhou
Catalytic co-pyrolysis of lignin and hydrogen rich plastics with zeolite can potentially mitigate the problems including low conversion and severe coking with lignin. However, controversial conclusions still exist regarding the synergistic effects and cross-reaction pathways between the two feedstocks, resulting from complex product composition and limited testing methods. To clarify the aforementioned problems, the current study investigated the catalytic co-pyrolysis of model compounds from lignin (guaiacol) and polyethylene with HZSM-5 by using in-situ sampling and online vacuum ultraviolet photoionization mass spectrometry (VUV-PIMS). Specifically, C6 hydrocarbons (n-hexane, hexene, and hexadiene) with different unsaturation degrees were chosen to understand the role of plastic-derived volatiles in co-pyrolysis. Pyrolysis of individual feedstock showed that the increase of double bonds in C6 hydrocarbons could enhance the production of aromatic hydrocarbons, while the conversion of guaiacol to aromatic hydrocarbons occurred following the pathways as: guaiacol→catechol→phenol&cresol→BTX (benzene, toluene, and xylene). Analyzing the evolution of major intermediates and products from co-pyrolysis showed that hydrogen transfer from C6 hydrocarbon to guaiacol significantly enhanced the conversion of catechol to phenol/cresol and subsequent hydrodeoxygenation to BTX. Hexadiene showed the strongest synergistic effects with guaiacol, as abundant hydrogen was generated from aromatization reaction and then transferred. Fitting the evolution curves with 1st order catalyst deactivation kinetics model indicated that the decay factors calculated based on the yield changes of BTX and typical phenolic products were significantly lower with co-pyrolysis. The synergistic effects to mitigate catalyst deactivation and coke formation were further confirmed by characterizations of spent catalysts, catalytic coke and coke precursors, strength of which followed the order as hexadiene (16.7%) > hexene (13.0%) > n-hexane (8.5%). These experimental observations were further corroborated by ReaxFF MD simulations, which provide complementary evidence for hydrogen-transfer interactions.
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Horticulturae
·
2026
·Vol. 12
·期 1
·106
·
IF 3
Yunxuan Liu,Xinjia Wang,Rong Lian,Yan Zhao,Yurong Zhou,Yuan Yu,Wenqin She,Zhixiong Guo,Heli Pan,Tengfei Pan
The granulation of pomelo (Citrus maxima) juice sacs severely compromises fruit quality and is closely associated with lignin accumulation, a process catalyzed by peroxidases (PODs). Analysis of ‘Sanhong’ pomelo juice sacs collected 175–215 days after flowering revealed that bound peroxidase (BPOD) activity paralleled changes in lignin content, suggesting a potential role for BPOD in lignin biosynthesis. A total of 71CmPODgenes were identified in the pomelo genome through integrated HMMER and BLAST analyses. Among them,CmPOD52was selected for functional characterization based on its alkaline peroxidase properties, absence of a CE domain, predicted extracellular localization, and gradually increasing expression pattern revealed by RT-qPCR. Its transient overexpression in ‘Sanhong’ pomelo juice sacs for 36 h increased BPOD activity 2.06-fold (p< 0.01) compared to the empty vector control, indicating thatCmPOD52may be a BPOD gene. The recombinant CmPOD52 protein was expressed in a prokaryotic system, purified, and used in enzymatic assays with sinapyl alcohol as the substrate. The recombinant CmPOD52 protein, assayed at 272 nm with controls (substrate-only blank and heat-inactivated protein), showed an activity of 13.67 ± 0.9 U. The experimental group showed new products, identified by mass spectrometry as sinapyl alcohol dimers, thus suggesting that the recombinant protein catalyzes the dehydrogenation and polymerization of sinapyl alcohol monomers. This study identifiedCmPOD52, a gene potentially involved in lignin polymerization in pomelo juice sacs, offering a key candidate for further in vivo validation.
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Aggregate
·
2026
·Vol. 7
·期 3
·e70311
·
IF 14.5
Xinrui Chen,Xing Han,Changlong Chen,Xiaohui Wang,Yaolong Qin,Peitao Zhao,Arthur J. Ragauskas,Xueping Song
Overexposure to ultraviolet (UV) and high-energy blue-violet light (HEBV) can cause severe skin and eye damage. In this study, lignin-containing cellulose nanofibrils (LCNF) films are prepared from cellulose pulps with varying lignin contents obtained through hydrogen peroxide-acetic acid pretreatment of bagasse. The LCNF films possess excellent hydrophobicity and mechanical properties, as well as certain UV radiation resistance properties, by leveraging the inherent properties of lignin. To enhance the UV shielding performance of LCNF films, blue- and green-emitting carbon dots (BL-CQDs, GL-CQDs) derived from lignin are prepared and incorporated as UV absorbers alongside LCNF to construct sustainable, biodegradable composite films with high-efficiency UV shielding properties, in which lignin-based carbon quantum dot (L-CQDs) are uniformly embedded within the LCNF network via hydrogen bonding. Through the synergistic interaction between lignin and L-CQDs, the UV blocking rate of L-CQDs@LCNF films increased by 8.15%–36.40%, and the HEBV blocking rate increased by 2.95%–41.52% while maintaining excellent visible light transmittance and mechanical properties (with tensile strength reaching up to 82 MPa), compared to pure LCNF films. Simultaneously, by regulating the lignin content in LCNF and the properties of L-CQDs, the films exhibit tunable UV blocking and blue-violet light shielding capabilities. Additionally, the prepared BL-CQDs achieve a fluorescence quantum yield of 31.10%, representing a leading level among lignin-derived CQDs. This study will provide a strategy for preparing transparent and full-lignocellulose films with tunable UV-blocking and blue-violet light shielding properties through a design integrating function and structure.
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JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
·
2026
·
IF 6.7
Jixing Bai,Bowen Xu,Jialei Dong,Shenghao Yue,Yue Cao,Qi Cao,Qiuxiang Lu,Qingsong Guan
Microwave-assisted hydrolysis enables rapid growth of TiO 2 on lignin-derived carbon. • The optimal TiO 2 /40 C composite exhibits greatly improved corrosion resistance. • The TiO 2 @40 C shows broadband absorption (EAB = 4.30 GHz) at a thickness of 1.29 mm. Carbon-based electromagnetic wave (EMW) absorbents have attracted considerable attention owing to their low density and tunable dielectric properties. However, excessive dielectric loss often leads to impedance mismatch, thereby compromising EMW attenuation performance. To address this challenge while preserving the lightweight nature of carbon materials, lignin-derived bowl-like porous carbon microspheres were integrated with TiO 2 through microwave-assisted rapid hydrolysis to construct dual-dielectric TiO 2 @C composites. The unique bowl-like porous structure provides an interconnected conductive framework with multiple scattering pathways, whereas the uniformly decorated TiO 2 regulates the dielectric response and introduces abundant heterogeneous interfaces. By tailoring the carbon-to-Ti ratio, the optimized TiO 2 @40 C composite achieves a minimum reflection loss of −20.56 dB at 2.02 mm, and an effective absorption bandwidth of 4.30 GHz at a thin matching thickness of 1.29 mm. Structural and electromagnetic analysis indicate that the enhanced EMW attenuation originates from the synergistic contributions of improved impedance matching, conduction loss, and interfacial polarization of the composite. Meanwhile, the introduction of TiO 2 improves the corrosion resistance of the composite, suggesting enhanced environmental stability. This work presents a feasible strategy for cost-effective biomass-derived carbon-based composites with dual-dielectric compositional design towards high-performance and corrosion-resistant EMW absorbents.
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PROGRESS IN ORGANIC COATINGS
·
2026
·
IF 7.9
Guifeng Liu,Jun Zhu,Jian Wang,Yumeng Gao,Guomin Wu,Can Jin,Jian Chen,He Liu
In pursuit of sustainable and non-toxic alternatives to conventional polyurethanes, a range of lignin-derived cyclic carbonates (LCCs) were obtained by catalytically incorporating CO 2 into lignin-derived epoxy intermediates via a cycloaddition reaction. These LCCs were subsequently crosslinked with structurally diverse amine curing agents to produce non-isocyanate polyurethane (NIPU) films. To improve their mechanical and thermal properties, graphene oxide (GO) was incorporated into the NIPUs to fabricate NIPU/GO nanocomposite films. The effects of lignin depolymerization degree, oligomer composition, GO content and amine structure on the properties of NIPUs were systematically investigated. The resulting NIPUs exhibited excellent thermal stability and mechanical strength. Particularly, separation of monomer-enriched fractions from lignin oligomers significantly enhanced the performance of the cured materials. The incorporation of 1.0 wt% GO further improved reinforcement, achieving a maximum tensile strength of 63.8 MPa. Additionally, the films were given remarkable recyclability, resilient dual-shape memory capabilities and thermal reconfigurability by the dynamic covalent architecture. After undergoing two hot-pressing cycles, the reprocessed samples maintained over 76.2% of their initial tensile strength. These findings highlight the potential of lignin-derived NIPUs as renewable, high-performance alternatives to conventional polyurethanes, offering a scalable and sustainable pathway for advanced functional coatings.
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