MOLECULES
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2018
·Vol. 23
·期 10
·2492
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IF 3.098
Xiaodan Liu,Fei Liu,Weihao Huang,Jiyu Peng,Tingting Shen,Yong He
Rapid detection of Cd content in soil is beneficial to the prevention of soil heavy metal pollution. In this study, we aimed at exploring the rapid quantitative detection ability of laser- induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) under the conditions of air and Ar for Cd in soil, and finding a fast and accurate method for quantitative detection of heavy metal elements in soil. Spectral intensity of Cd and system performance under air and Ar conditions were analyzed and compared. The univariate model and multivariate models of partial least-squares regression (PLSR) and least-squares support vector machine (LS-SVM) of Cd under the air and Ar conditions were built, and the LS-SVM model under the Ar condition obtained the best performance. In addition, the principle of influence of Ar on LIBS detection was investigated by analyzing the three-dimensional profile of the ablation crater. The overall results indicated that LIBS combined with LS-SVM under the Ar condition could be a useful tool for the accurate quantitative detection of Cd in soil and could provide reference for environmental monitoring.Keywords:soil;Cd;laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy;argon
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BIOMATERIALS
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2015
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IF 8.557
Sulong Xiao,Longlong Si,Zhenyu Tian,Pingxuan Jiao,Zibo Fan,Kun Meng,Xiaoshu Zhou,Han Wang,Renyang Xu,Xu Han,Ge Fu,Yongmin Zhang,Lihe Zhang,Demin Zhou
Multivalent effect plays an important role in biological processes , particularly in the specific recognition of virus with its host cell during the first step of infection. Here we report the synthesis of multivalent pentacyclic triterpene grafted on cyclodextrin core and potency of against influenza entry activity. Nine star-shaped compounds containing six, seven and eight pentacyclic triterpene pharmacophore on cyclodextrin scaffold were prepared by way of copper-catalyzed azide-alkyl cycloaddition reaction under microwave activation. Some of the multimers exhibited much potent antiviral activity against H1N1 virus (A/WSN/33), even equivalent or superior to oseltamivir . The most active compound 31 , a heptavalent oleanolic acid- β -cyclodextrin conjugate , shows an up to 125-fold potency enhancement by its IC 50 value over the corresponding monovalent conjugate and oleanolic acid, disclosing a clear multivalent effect. Further studies show that three compounds 31 – 33 exhibited broad spectrum inhibitory activity against other two human influenza A/JX/312 (H3N2) and A/HN/1222 (H3N2) viruses with the IC 50 values at 2.47–14.90 μ M. Most importantly, we found that compound 31, one of the best representative conjugate, binds tightly to the viral envelope hemagglutinin with a dissociation constant of K D = 2.08 μ M, disrupting the interaction of hemagglutinin with the sialic acid receptor and thus the attachment of viruses to host cells. Our study might establish a strategy for the design of new pharmaceutical agents based on multivalency so as to block influenza virus entry into host cells.
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Journal of the Taiwan Institute of Chemical Engineers
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2015
·
IF 3
Xiaoqin Xue,Jiang Xu,Shams Ali Baig,Xinhua Xu
In this study, graphene oxide nanosheets were synthesized and employed to adsorb Cd(II) in acidic aqueous solutions. Characterization techniques, such as AFM, TEM, XRD, FT-IR, Raman and Zeta potential were used to investigate the adsorbent properties. Results demonstrated that the Cd(II) removal efficiency was found to increase from 6.29% to 96.72% with the increase of adsorbent dosage from 0.02 to 2.00 g/L. The removal efficiency remained constant with further increase of the adsorbent dosage. Cd(II) adsorption was greatly enhanced with the increase of solution pH from 2.02 to 4.01. In addition, the adsorption equilibrium was attained within 120 min, and a slight decrease in solution pH was observed after the adsorption of Cd(II). The adsorption data were revealed to fit well in pseudo-second-order kinetics and Langmuir isotherm model, and the maximum Cd(II) adsorption capacity was recorded to be about 44.64 mg/g with 0.50 g/L of adsorbent dosage. Ion-exchange, electrostatic attraction and physical adsorption were found to be involved in the adsorption mechanisms of this process. Findings from this study suggested that the synthesized adsorbent could be highly effective for Cd(II) removal from acidic water environments.
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Journal of the Taiwan Institute of Chemical Engineers
·
2016
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IF 2.848
Jia-liang Lv,Shang-ru Zhai,Yuan Fan,Zhi-min Lei,Qing-da An
There is an interesting but challenging task to develop a facile and cost-effective procedure for the making of multifunctional bio-adsorbents for environmental applications. Herein, low-temperature solution-carbonized rice husk (RH-c), β-cyclodextrins (β-CD) and Fe 3 O 4 were synergically combined to prepare a new kind of multifunctional bioadsorbent, i.e . RH-c/Fe 3 O 4 /CD, and applied for the adsorption of methylene blue (MB) from aqueous solution. The structure, morphology and magnetic properties were characterized by powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), 13 C nuclear magnetic resonance spectra (NMR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM) techniques. Initial concentration of MB, contact time, pH effect, adsorption mechanisms and recycling test were also thoroughly investigated. The adsorption equilibrium data was best fitted by Langmuir isotherm model and the adsorption kinetics followed pseudo-second-order models for all samples. The maximum capacity predicted by the Langmuir model is 359.8 and 438.6 mg/g for RH-c/Fe 3 O 4 /CD and RH-c/CD2, respectively. The adsorption test suggested that resulting multifunctional RH-c/Fe 3 O 4 /CD is a promising bioadsorbent for dye molecules removal from aqueous system.
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SENSORS AND ACTUATORS B-CHEMICAL
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2016
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IF 4.758
Jun Shan,Ruizhen Li,Kai Yan,Yuhan Zhu,Jingdong Zhang
In this work, CdS quantum dots (QDs) were proposed as electrochemical sensing materials for ciprofloxacin (CIP) determination for the first time. The CdS QDs-modified glassy carbon electrode (GCE) exhibited a well-defined anodic stripping response in acidic solution, attributed to the release of Cd(II) ions from CdS QDs. The influences of supporting electrolyte and CdS QDs concentration on the response of CdS QDs-modified electrode were investigated and optimized. When CIP was added into the solution, the anodic stripping current of Cd(II) on CdS QDs/GCE decreased due to the complexation of CIP with in situ generated Cd(II) ions from CdS QDs. A linear relationship existed between the anodic stripping voltammetric response of CdS QDs/GCE and CIP concentration in the range from 1.0 × 10 −7 to 1.0 × 10 −5 mol L −1 . The detection limit (3S/N) was 2.2 × 10 −8 mol L −1 . The applicability of the CdS QDs-modified electrode for CIP determination was demonstrated in biological fluids.
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ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
·
2017
·Vol. 24
·期 23
·18946-18952
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IF 2.741
Liu Xiaoyan,Cao Liya,Wang Qian,Zhang Xinying,Hu Xiaoxin
Tea saponin (TS), a kind of green biosurfactant produced by plants, was added into the Cd–pyrene co-contaminated soils to evaluate its influence on phytoremediation of Cd and pyrene by Lolium multiflorum . The results showed that the accumulation of pyrene in L. multiflorum was significantly promoted by the TS. Compared with no TS treatments (PL and ML), the aboveground concentrations of pyrene in TS treatments (PLT and MLT) increased by 135 and 30%, respectively, and the underground concentrations of pyrene in TS treatments (PLT and MLT) increased by 40 and 25%. The concentrations of Cd in the aboveground and underground parts in single contaminated treatments were all significantly more than those in co-contaminated treatments, while the situation of pyrene was quite the reverse. Besides, the addition of TS enhanced activities of dehydrogenase and polyphenol oxidase in soils and increased the biomass of L. multiflorum . The micromorphology of L. multiflorum was not affected by TS. The study suggests that the use of L. multiflorum with TS is an alternative technology for remediation of Cd–pyrene co-contaminated soils.
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Molecular Medicine Reports
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2017
·Vol. 16
·期 2
·1383-1388
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IF 1.692
Tao Liu,Xidong Wu,Yigang Wang,Xiongjun Hou,Gang Jiang,Ting Wu,Huifen Xie,Minqiang Xie
The co-delivery of a drug and a target gene has become a primary strategy in cancer therapy. Based on our previous study, a synthesized star‑shaped co‑polymer consisting of β‑cyclodextrin (CD) and a poly(L‑lysine) dendron (PLLD) was used to co-deliver docetaxel (DOC) and matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP‑9) small interfering RNA, via CD‑PLLD/DOC/MMP‑9 complexes, into mice implanted with HNE‑1 human nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) tumor cells in vivo. Unlike the commonly used amphiphilic co‑polymer micelles, the obtained CD derivative may be used directly for a combined delivery of nucleic acid and hydrophobic DOC without a complicated micellization process. In vivo assays demonstrated that CD‑PLLD/DOC/MMP‑9 inhibited HNE‑1 tumor growth and decreased proliferating cell nuclear antigen expression levels, indicating a potential strategy for NPC therapy. In addition, the distribution of DOC and MMP‑9 was investigated; CD‑PLLD/DOC/MMP‑9 complexes were phagocytized in reticuloendothelial systems, including the liver and spleen, which requires further study. Furthermore, the complexes did not cross the blood‑brain barrier due to their large molecular size, suggesting they may be relatively safe. Additionally, the complexes mediated increased DOC concentrations with prolonged blood circulation and EGFP expression in HNE‑1 tumors. These results suggest the future potential application of CD-PLLD/DOC/MMP-9 for NPC therapy.
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Surfaces and Interfaces
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2024
·
IF 5.7
Ranfeng Li,Zhenhua Dai,Taiyu Huang,Qianqian Zhang,Xunfu Zhou,Zhongli Peng,Zuotao Liu,Yueping Fang
CdS with a visible light response and energy band location suitable for CO 2 photoreduction has received extensive attention. However, low product selectivity and photocatalytic efficiency limit its application. Here, NaBH 4 is used as a reducing agent to generate Cd metal on the surface of CdS nanorods in situ. This leads to the construction of a B-CdS/Cd metal cocatalyst/semiconductor structure. This configuration significantly enhanced the CdS's activity of photocatalytic CO 2 reduction. The Cd metal which is on the surface of CdS nanorods promoted the separation and transfer of photogenerated charges and increased both light photosensitivity and CO 2 adsorption capabilities. The improved B-CdS/Cd catalyst shows excellent CO 2 reduction capabilities by generating CO at a rate of 323.39 μmol g − 1 h − 1 , which is 2.01 times more than pure CdS, owing to the synergistic enhancements. Simultaneously, Cd acts as an active site inhibiting H 2 production during the CO 2 reduction reaction. This work demonstrates the potential of Cd metal as a metal cocatalyst in photocatalytic CO 2 reduction.
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ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
·
2024
·
IF 7.6
Mengli Han,Zhao Chen,Genlou Sun,Yuxi Feng,Yuxia Guo,Shiqie Bai,Xuebing Yan
Cadmium (Cd) poses a significant threat to plant growth and the environment. Nano-Fe 3 O 4 is effective in alleviating Cd stress in plants. Elymus nutans Griseb. is an important fodder crop on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau (QTP). However, the potential mechanism by which nano-Fe 3 O 4 alleviates Cd stress in E. nutans is not well understood. E. nutans were subjected to single Cd, single nano-Fe 3 O 4 , and co-treatment with nano-Fe 3 O 4 and Cd, and the effects on morphology, Cd uptake, antioxidant enzyme activity, reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and programmed cell death (PCD) were studied to clarify the regulatory mechanism of nano-Fe 3 O 4 . The results showed that Cd stress significantly decreased the germination percentage and biomass of E. nutans . The photosynthetic pigment content decreased significantly under Cd stress. Cd stress also caused oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation, accumulation of excessive ROS, resulting in PCD, but the effect of nano-Fe 3 O 4 was different. Seed germination, seedling growth, and physiological processes were analyzed to elucidate the regulatory role of nano-Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticles in promoting photosynthesis, reducing Cd accumulation, scavenging ROS, and regulating PCD, to promote seed germination and seedling growth in E. nutans . This report provides a scientific basis for improving the tolerance of Elymus to Cd stress by using nano-Fe 3 O 4 .
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WATER RESEARCH
·
2024
·
IF 11.4
Shuang Zhang,Ziyi Sun,Tianying Zheng,Caijiao He,Daohui Lin
Nanoplastics (NPs) may act as carriers of heavy metals and cause complex toxicity to aquatic organisms, while the exact role of NPs in the joint toxicity remains unclear. Here, we investigated the joint toxicity of polystyrene NPs (PS-NPs) and Cd to freshwater algae ( Chlorella vulgaris ). It was found that PS-NPs (1 mg L −1 ) could hardly enter algal cells and slightly inhibit algal growth ( p < 0.01). The effect of PS-NPs as carriers on the joint toxicity of PS-NPs and heavy metals could be neglected because of the limited adsorption of Cd by PS-NPs, while the PS-NPs altered the cell wall structure and composition, which resulted in the increased algal absorption and toxicity of Cd. Compared to the low dose Cd (0.4 mg L −1 ) treatment alone, the extracellular and intracellular Cd contents in the cotreatment were significantly increased by 27.3 % and 18.0 %, respectively, due to the increased contents of cell wall polysaccharides (pectin and hemicellulose in particular) by the PS-NPs. Furthermore, after the high dose Cd (2 mg L −1 ) exposure, the inhibited polysaccharide biosynthesis and the loosen cell wall structure weakened the tolerance of cell wall to abiotic stress, facilitating the entry of PS-NPs into the algal cells and inducing the higher toxicity. These results elucidate the mechanism by which NPs enhance heavy metal toxicity to algae, providing a novel insight into environmental risks of NPs.
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ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
·
2024
·
IF 7.6
Zhilan Chen,Yi Jiang,Xuebin Lai,Chenhong Zhu,Dapeng Zhang,Hailin Wang
Pentachlorophenol (PCP) - cadmium (Cd) complex pollution has been identified as a form of persistent soil pollution in south China, exerting detrimental impacts on the indigenous soil bacterial communities. Hence, it is worthwhile to investigate whether and how bacterial populations alter in response to these pollutants. In this study, Escherichia coli was used as a model bacterium. Results showed that PCP exposure caused bacterial cell membrane permeability changes, intracellular ROS elevation, and DNA fragmentation, and triggered apoptosis-like cell death at low exposure concentration and necrosis at high exposure concentration. Cd exposure caused severe oxidative damage and cell necrosis in the tested bacterial strain. The co-exposure to PCP and Cd elevated the ROS level, stimulated the bacterial caspase activity, and induced DNA fragmentation, thereby leading to an apoptosis-like cell death. In conclusion, PCP-Cd complex pollution can cause bacterial population to decrease through apoptosis-like cell death pathway. However, it is worth noting that the subpopulation survives under the complex pollution stress.
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DESALINATION
·
2024
·
IF 8.3
Shao-Lu Li,Dandan Cheng,Niamat Ullah,Youcai Chen,XinMeng Wang,Mengfan Wang,Qiyu Duan,Genghao Gong,Yunxia Hu
Graphene oxide (GO) membrane is considered as one of the preferred choice for textile wastewater treatment thanks to its unique 2D interlayer channel features. However, GO laminar stacking is inclined to water-induced structure instability, and the narrow interlayer spacing limit mass transport efficiency, hampering its effectiveness in water treatment applications. Herein, a layer-by-layer stacked microcomposite membrane based on GO and highly microporous β-cyclodextrin based nanosheets (β-CDNS) served as intercalator was developed. The distinctive layered structure was further stabilized by covalent cross-linking with glutaraldehyde (GA). The microporous β-CDNS offered additional nanochannels that facilitated the rapid penetration of water molecules, while the abundant -OH groups provided sites for chemical cross-linking, enhancing membrane stability. The optimal GO/β-CDNS1 membrane exhibited a superior water permeance of up to 83.5 LMH/bar, with >99 % rejection for dyes such as Congo red (CR), methyl blue (MB), and chrome black T (CBT), 95.5 % for acid fuchsin (AF). Meanwhile, the GO/β-CDNS1 membrane demonstrated ultra-low (<5 %) retention for inorganic salts (MgSO 4 , MgCl 2 and NaCl), with a separation factor as high as 194 for MB/NaCl mixtures. Therefore, employing functional interlayer nano-additives to well regulate the GO interlayer structure offers a promising guideline for developing high-performance GO-based membranes.
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