Nanoscale Research Letters
·
2015
·Vol. 10
·期 1
·1-9
·
IF 2.779
Qi Yun,Jiang Meng,Cui Yuan-Lu,Zhao Lin,Zhou Xia
Pb(II) is a representative heavy metal in industrial wastewater, which may frequently cause serious hazard to living organisms. In this study, comparative studies between alginate nanoparticles (AN) and quercetin-decorated alginate nanoparticles (Q-AN) were investigated for Pb(II) ion adsorption. Characterization of AN and Q-AN were analysed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (FT-IR), X-ray diffractometer (XRD), and thermogravimetric analysis (TG-DTG-DSC). The main operating conditions such as pH, initial concentration of Pb(II), and co-existing metal ions were also investigated using a batch experiment. AN and Q-AN, with a diameter of 95.06 and 58.23 nm, were constituted by many small primary nanoparticles. It revealed that when initial concentration of Pb(II) is between 250 and 1250 mg L −1 , the adsorption rate and equilibrium adsorption were increased with the increase of pH from 2 to 7. The maximum adsorption capacities of 147.02 and 140.37 mg L −1 were achieved by AN and Q-AN, respectively, with 0.2 g adsorbents in 1000 mg L −1 Pb(II) at pH 7. The adsorption rate of Pb(II) was little influenced by the co-existing metal ions, such as Mn(II), Co(II), and Cd(II). Desorption experiments showed that Q-AN possessed a higher desorption rate than AN, which were 90.07 and 83.26 %, respectively. AN and Q-AN would probably be applied as adsorbents to remove Pb(II) and then recover it from wastewater for the advantages of simple preparation, high adsorption capacity, and recyclability.
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Journal of Water Process Engineering
·
2024
·
IF 6.3
Dawei Xiang,Hao Wang,Shixing Wang,Manying Zhu,Yuefeng Chen,Xiang Liu,Ping Li,Likang Fu
Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) are very promising adsorbent developed during recent years. Here, a COFs adsorbent (COF@HPLC) for efficient adsorption of lead is designed by post-modification. The adsorption properties were studied by batch adsorption. It is shown that pH 4 is the optimum value for the adsorption of Pb(II) by COF@HPLC. When the temperature is 25 °C, the maximum adsorption capacity of COF@HPLC reaches 251.37 mg/g. The fitting results of adsorption isotherm indicate that the process is a non-uniform adsorption in a single molecular layer . The activation energy fitted by the Dubinin-Radushkevich model are 16.22 kJ/mol, 21.32 kJ/mol, 18.87 kJ/mol and 16.67 kJ/mol, showing that Pb(II) adsorption by COF@HPLC is a chemical reaction. Kinetic studies show also that Pb(II) adsorption is a chemically controlled process. Thermodynamic shows that the adsorption is a spontaneously exothermic process. Finally, COF@HPLC has good adsorption selectivity and reusability. The adsorption mechanism of Pb(II) by COF@HPLC was the electrostatic and chelating interaction between functional groups containing sulphide and nitrogen and Pb(II) based on the zeta potential , XPS and DFT analyses. This work offers guidance toward the design and preparation of functional adsorbents for the treatment and removal of Pb(II).
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JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
·
2025
·
IF 7.9
Xiaojing Dong,Jintao Wang,Yue Hao,Yiqiang Sun,Xu Zhang,Bo Xu,Cuncheng Li
Exploring oxygen evolution reaction (OER) electrocatalysts over a universal pH range to simultaneously achieve enhanced activity, improved stability and reduced cost is a rewarding yet challenging endeavor. Considering the hydrophilicity and electronegativity disparity between Pb and Ru, herein, a Pb doped RuO 2 catalyst and its application as electrocatalyst for OER under universal pH conditions are studied. Due to the modified hydrophilicity and electronic structure, the Pb 0.1 Ru 0.9 O 2 only requires an overpotential of 207 mV to obtain a current density of 10 mA cm −2 in acidic environment, and overpotentials of 232 mV and 363 mV are required in alkaline and neutral environments, respectively. Moreover, extensive stability assessments conducted over a 24-h period reveal remarkable stability of the catalyst in diverse environments, encompassing acidic, alkaline, and neutral conditions. Additionally, the utilization of density functional theory (DFT) computations offers persuasive evidence that the inclusion of Pb within RuO 2 can significantly alter its electronic configuration, thereby promoting efficient electron transfer processes. This modulation of the electronic structure is crucial for enhancing the catalytic performance of the material. This research paves the way for innovative designs of highly efficient oxygen evolution reaction (OER) catalysts, featuring minimized use of precious metals, heightened catalytic prowess, and unparalleled stability across a broad pH range.
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CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
·
2024
·
IF 13.3
Fuyang Huang,Jing Lin,Bin Wang,Quan Long,Weiguo Tu
Biochar was used to enrobe artificially synthesized mordenite by co-pyrolysis, and the performance of the composite in removing lead from dilute solutions was compared with that of the mordenite alone. The optimal parameters for the hydrothermal synthesis of mordenite were as follows: crystallization temperature of 180℃, crystallization time of 4 days, pH value of 11, and aging time of 24 h. The optimal mass ratio of mordenite to biochar was 20:1, and the pyrolysis temperature was 500℃. Adsorption equilibrium was reached within 3 h, yielding a total average lead removal of 78.9 % for mordenite alone and 98.6 % for the composite. Pseudo-second-order kinetics and Langmuir isotherms adequately described the data. The predicted maximum adsorption capacities were 156.6 mg/g for the mordenite alone and 283.4 mg/g for the composite. When the initial concentration of Pb(Ⅱ) was 80 mg/L, the optimum doses were determined to be 6–7 g/L for the mordenite and 5–6 g/L for the composite. At pH less than 7, mordenite removed up to 80 % of the lead and the composite removed between 90 % and 100 %. Coexisting ions had little effect on mordenite, but K(I), Ca(II), and Mg(II) could significantly increase the adsorption efficiency by up to 5.7 % for the composite. Furthermore, tannic acid and fulvic acid showed a promoting effect. Adsorption mechanisms were proposed based on the characterization results of the materials before and after adsorption, batch experiments, and density functional theory calculations. Specifically, mordenite adsorption was found to be based primarily on electrostatic attraction, surface complexation and ion exchange. Adsorption by the composite also involved π-electronic interaction and coprecipitation. In general, the composite exhibited better adsorption performance than mordenite alone.
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Journal of Central South University
·
2024
·Vol. 31
·期 4
·1292-1305
·
IF 3.7
Hou Jin-feng,Sun Qian,Hao Xiu-zhen
Heavy metal composite pollution is becoming increasingly serious. In this study, CaAl-layered double hydroxide (CaAl-LDH) was prepared using the facile co-precipitating method, and was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Lead(II), Cd(II), and As(V) were selected as the representative heavy metals to evaluate the adsorption capability of the synthesized CaAl-LDH by the batch experiments. The maximal adsorption capability of CaAl-LDH for Pb(II), Cd(II), and As(V) was 786.6, 437.2 and 72.9 mg/g, respectively. The adsorption mechanism of Pb, Cd and As may be surface precipitation, isomorphic substitution and ion exchange within the interlayer spaces of LDH, respectively. In conclusion, this experiment provides a LDH material with fast and efficient adsorption performance for both anionic and cationic metals, indicating its potential for practical application in the remediation of heavy metal composite pollution.
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ANALYST
·
2024
·Vol. 149
·期 15
·4060-4071
·
IF 3.6
Jie Zhou,Huiting Wang,Yaxian Chen,Dongxue Lin,Ling Zhang,Zhiqiang Xing,Qian Zhang,Jiarui Xia
The precise quantitative analysis using surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) in an uncontrollable environment still faces a significant obstacle due to the poor reproducibility of Raman signals. Herein, we propose a facile method to fabricate a self-calibrating substrate based on a flexible polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) film comprising assemblies of Prussian blue (PB) and Au NPs (PB@Au) for reliable detection. PB cores were coated with an Au shell through simple electrostatic interaction, forming core–shell nanostructure PB@Au assemblies within the PVA film. The outer Au layer provided identical trends in enhancement for both the PB core and neighboring targets while PB cores served as an internal standard (IS) to correct signal fluctuations. The prevention of competitive adsorption on the metal surface between targets and ISs was achieved. The proposed PVA/PB@Au film exhibited enhanced stability of Raman signals after IS correction, resulting in improved spot-to-spot and batch-to-batch reproducibility with significantly reduced standard deviation (RSD) values from 11.42% and 25.02% to 4.43% and 9.39%, respectively. Simultaneously, a higher accuracy in the quantitative analysis of 4-mercaptobenzoic acid (4-MBA) and malachite green (MG) was achieved with fitting coefficient (R2) values improving from 0.9675 and 0.9418 to 0.9974 and 0.9832, respectively. Moreover, the PVA/PB@Au film was successfully applied to detect residual MG in real fish samples. This work opens up an avenue to improve the reproducibility of Raman signals for flexible SERS substrates in the detection of residues under various complex conditions.
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CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
·
2024
·
IF 13.3
Xiaofeng Mo,Mengye Wang,Han Song,Jie Li,Zhen Wu,Zhang Lin
Organic lead halide perovskite is a promising piezocatalyst for piezocatalytic H 2 production, meanwhile, large amount of unutilized lead resources in lead smelting residues have caused ecological security and resource waste problems. Here, we report an efficient Pb upcycling approach to recover lead halides from lead smelting residues to create lead halide perovskites (r-FAPbBr 3-x I x ), distinguished by the remarkable piezoelectric properties, for piezocatalytic H 2 evolution. Zinc impurities, concurrently from these residues, found their utilization in the partial substitution of Pb 2+ within the halide octahedra of r-FAPbBr 3-x I x . The intervention of zinc enhancing desorption of hydrogen from r-FAPbBr 3-x I x and culminating in a pronounced H 2 yield as 157.80 μmol·g −1 ·h −1 . Notably, the used r-FAPbBr 3-x I x that lost its functional prowess could be regenerated and exhibited a piezocatalytic capacity similar to its initial state, perpetuating a sustainable cycle of utility. This pioneering route to Pb upcycling furnishes an alternative avenue for the preparation and utilization of lead-based perovskites.
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Materials
·
2025
·Vol. 18
·期 3
·512
·
IF 3.2
Zechi Ma,Zixuan Yuan,Zhonghua Yao,Jiangxue Chen,Hua Hao,Minghe Cao,Hanxing Liu
Piezoelectric materials (PZTs) enjoy extensive applications in the field of electromechanical sensors due to their sensitive response to external electric fields. The limited piezoelectric response for single-layer piezoceramic pellets drives the use of multilayered technology to increase the electric displacement of a single piezo device. As is well known, Ag is commonly used as a metal for electrodes in devices based on traditional PZTs, which always densify at a high temperature above 1100 °C, resulting in Ag migration. Here, a high-performance samarium-ion-doped Sm0.01Pb0.99(Zr0.54Ti0.46)O3ceramic was selected as parent materials to develop a new Ag-cofired ceramic matrix with a sintering temperature of 920 °C by glass flux. The ceramic composition with 2.0 wt% glass addition exhibits the excellent performance of piezoelectricd33~492 pC/N, planar electromechanical coupling coefficientkp~50.1%, mechanical quality factorQm~68.71, and Curie temperatureTc~356 °C, respectively. The cyclic stability ofd33was measured below 6.6% at 30 kV/cm, which indicates that the piezoceramic has good temperature stability and fatigue resistance. Therefore, this study provides a novel high-performance piezoelectric system to meet the cofired requirement for multilayered piezoelectric devices.
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Environmental Technology & Innovation
·
2024
·
IF 6.7
Yanhao Zhang,Wenlu Zhou,Chengying Liu,Guanghui Liu,Yi Li,Botao Ding,Peng Zhang,Xu Zhang,Zhibin Zhang
Wheat straw biochar (BC) or modified wheat straw biochar (MBC) could affect the aggregate structure of soil, effectively adsorb heavy metal and reduce the bioavailability of heavy metals in soil. TGA, BET, FTIR and SEM were used to characterize the surface morphology and structure of BC and MBC. The adsorption properties of BC and MBC on Pb(II) and Cd(II) in solution systems were investigated by batch experiments, and the remediation performance of Pb and Cd contaminated sediment by BC or MBC were studied by pot experiments. The results showed that MBC had a larger specific surface area of 46.04 m 2 /g and total pore volume 0.0555 cm 3 /g; the adsorption isotherms of Pb(II) and Cd(II) for BC and MBC were more suitable for Langmuir model ( R 2 over 0.91), and the maximum adsorption capacities of Pb(II) and Cd(II) by MBC could reach 71.14 and 115.64 mg/g, respectively. BC or MBC promoted the transformation of Pb and Cd from the extractable acid fraction to the oxidizable and residual fraction, reduced the migration of heavy metals and enhanced the stability of aggregates. Therefore, the results provided a perspective for the dredged contaminated sediments used as planting soil. In addition, BC or MBC, as soil amendments, could improve the abundance of microbial community. At the phylum level, the main dominant bacteria were Proteobacteria and Bacteroidetes .
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CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
·
2024
·
IF 13.3
Changbin Tang,Yanrong Li,Yongqi Yu,Yuzhu Shi,Hongjiao Xu,Yujie Zhang,Juanqin Xue,Nan Zheng
To achieve targeted removal of Pb 2+ from industrial wastewater, a NF/Mn 2 CoO 4 @MoO 2 composite electrode, synthesised using the hydrothermal method combined with electrodeposition technology, was employed to construct an asymmetric capacitive deionization (CDI) system to selectively electro-adsorb and desorb Pb 2+ ions. The electrode exhibited pseudocapacitive characteristics in solutions containing Pb 2+ , facilitating rapid and reversible redox reactions. The asymmetric CDI system, utilising graphite paper as the positive electrode and NF/Mn 2 CoO 4 @MoO 2 as the negative electrode, displayed exceptional adsorption performance at 1.4 V for 1 h, decreasing the Pb 2+ concentration from 50 ppm to 4 ppb, achieving an adsorption capacity of 156.24 mg g −1 , and displaying outstanding cyclic stability. Moreover, the electrode demonstrated preferential adsorption of Pb 2+ in mixed solutions containing multiple heavy metal ions, with relative removal coefficients of 4.48 − 19.86 compared with other ions. Analysis of the adsorption mechanism indicated that during the adsorption process, Pb 2+ was embedded between MoO 2 layers, disrupting the electron cloud symmetry and triggering an oxidation reaction. Octahedral MoO 2 then lost electrons and transformed into tetrahedral [MoO 4 ] 2- , forming PbMoO 4 with embedded Pb 2+ between the layers, and achieving effective removal of Pb 2+ with high selectivity. Molecular dynamics simulations and density functional theory (DFT) calculations confirmed the high selectivity of the prepared electrode for Pb 2+ ions based on stronger binding of Pb 2+ to MoO 2 than other ions. The electrode has application potential for the capacitive removal of Pb 2+ from industrial effluent through CDI technology.
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ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH
·
2025
·
IF 7.7
Haiyan Wu,Liubing Ling,Ting Wang,Kun Dong,Yufeng Xu,Guo Yu,Yanwu Wang,Dunqiu Wang
Persistent Pb(II) ions in soils and aquatic systems diminish soil fertility, degrade water quality, and destabilise ecosystems. Hydroxyapatite nanowires (HAPNWs) are promising adsorbents owing to their chemical stability, biocompatibility, and strong affinity for heavy metals. This study evaluates HAPNWs hydrothermally synthesised between 0°C and 55°C, correlates temperature-induced structural variations with adsorption performance, and elucidates the stepwise Pb(II) uptake pathway. Nanowires synthesised at 35°C displayed the highest aspect ratio and achieved the greatest equilibrium adsorption capacity. The sorption kinetics followed a pseudo-second-order model, whereas the equilibrium data were best described by the Freundlich isotherm. Multi-technique characterisation revealed a two-stage uptake mechanism. Stage I, outer-sphere complexation, involves rapid binding of Pb 2+ to surface -PO 4 and -OH groups via electrostatic interactions without disturbing the apatite lattice. Stage II, near-surface ion exchange accompanied by incipient dissolution-reprecipitation, occurs under continued loading: surface Ca 2+ is partially replaced by Pb 2+ , and Pb 10 (PO 4 ) 6 (OH) 2 nuclei start to form on the HAP surface, progressively reducing active-site availability. Competitive sorption tests demonstrated a pronounced Pb 2+ preference. In equimolar quinary solutions (Pb, Cu, Cd, Zn, Ni), the selectivity sequence was Pb > Cu > Cd > Zn > Ni. The strongest inhibition appeared in the binary Pb-Cu system, where uptake decreased to approximately 40% of the single-ion value, indicating direct competition for identical surface sites. By elucidating the temperature-dependent relationship between structure, mechanism, and performance, this work provides both theoretical insights and a methodological framework for the rational design of high-performance adsorbents for heavy metal remediation in complex environmental systems.
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Journal of Energy Storage
·
2025
·
IF 9.8
Yuan Wang,Qinfeng Zheng,Yuepeng Pang,Yixiao Zhang,Tao Yuan,Shiyou Zheng
Prussian blue and its analogues (PBA) are promising cathode materials for economical large-scale sodium-ion batteries (SIBs). Manganese-based PBA, abbreviated as “PW”, offers advantages such as high voltage, high capacity, and good cost-effectiveness but faces challenges with manganese dissolution and structural distortion during cycling. In contrast, iron-based PBA, abbreviated as “PB”, maintains more stable structural integrity but exhibits relatively lower capacity. In this study, we introduce an ion-exchange technique to create core-shell structural cathode materials with PW as the main active ingredient and PB as the protective shell (PW@PB). This approach achieves more than doubled capacity retention after 500 cycles compared to naked PW. Furthermore, PW@PB demonstrates notable rate capability enhancements, retaining 80 % of its capacity at 0.1C when subjected to a high rate of 10C, proving its potential for use in fast-charging SIBs. The improved performance is primarily attributed to the reduced lattice and bound water in the structure of PW@PB. Additionally, the stable outer layer of PB inhibits the leaching of Mn and Fe, minimizing lattice distortion during the charge-discharge process.
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