FUEL PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY
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2016
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IF 3.847
Guodian Zhu,Xinping Ouyang,Linfeng Jiang,Yuan Zhu,Dongxue Jin,Yuxia Pang,Xueqing Qiu
Lignin is a future feedstock for the production of low molecular weight aromatics, and hydrogenolysis is probably the most promising process for lignin depolymerization . Effect of the benzylic alcohol group, aromatic methoxyl and phenolic hydroxyl groups on the hydrogenolysis of β -O-4 bonds in lignin model compounds was investigated in Pd/C hydrogenolysis system. It was found that the β -O-4 bonds in compounds with no a benzylic alcohol group were cleaved directly and quickly to form two aromatic monomers in near-quantitative yield. However, both dehydrogenation and dehydroxylation occurred for the model compounds containing a benzylic alcohol group, and resulted in more complicated products distribution. The dehydrogenation of a benzylic alcohol group hindered the cleavage of β -O-4 bonds to form aromatic monomer products. The results also indicated that both the aromatic methoxyl and phenolic hydroxyl groups had no impact on products distribution. The aromatic methoxyl group in non-phenolic and phenolic compounds promoted the cleavage of β -O-4 bonds, while the phenolic hydroxyl group had a slightly negative impact on cleavage of β -O-4 bonds.
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高影响因子
MOLECULES
·
2024
·Vol. 29
·期 23
·5683
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IF 4.2
Zhuang Miao,Zhipeng Li,Xing Teng,Han Wang,Yingying Zhou,Yixin Qiu,Changming Li,Chunyu Liu,Yong Tan
Lignin is one of the building blocks of plant cell walls, and the study of the spectral characterization of its cleavage process can help to monitor the production and reuse of straw after decay. In this paper, four theoretical model structures of lignin formed by lignin G monomers and connected by β-O-4 bonding type were optimized and calculated based on the density functional theory using the B3LYP/3-21g and B3LYP/6-311g basis sets. The results showed that the theoretical infrared spectra of lignin increased sequentially in the absorption peaks of 1500 cm−1blue shift and 2932 cm−1and 1200 cm−1red shift, while the latter three theoretical models showed new infrared absorption peaks of 716 cm−1and 823 cm−1due to the presence of the β-O-4 structure, which is of great value for the theoretical spectral study of organic macromolecules and also provides data support for the spectral change in lignin in the degradation of graminaceous plants.
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高影响因子
FUEL PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY
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2017
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IF 3.752
Muge Niu,Yucui Hou,Weize Wu,Ru Yang
Catalytic oxidation of lignocellulose in hydrothermal condition catalyzed by vanadium-containing homogeneous catalysts is a promising method to prepare formic acid (FA), a potential material in emerging field of clean energy technologies . The FA production from polysaccharides components of lignocellulose has already been well studied. However, the conversion of lignin component, which quite differs in structure from polysaccharides, has not been studied systematically. In this work, the lignin degradation was studied in NaVO 3 -H 2 SO 4 aqueous solution with O 2 as oxidant. The degradation mechanism was studied in detail. Compared with polysaccharides, lignin can produce a much lower yield of FA with a formation of a larger amount of CO 2 . H 2 SO 4 can catalyze highly-polymerized lignin to segments by C O bond hydrolytic cleavage, but the conversion is limited. NaVO 3 and O 2 can accelerate the lignin degradation by weakening the C O bond. In liquid phase, NaVO 3 and O 2 , with a low selectivity on products, lead to different kinds of reactions, mainly including phenolic hydroxyl oxidation to quinone , aliphatic hydroxyl oxidation to ketone/aldehyde, aliphatic C C bond cleavage , intramolecular dehydration and decarboxylation . This study gives a deep understanding of lignin transformation during catalytic oxidation, and provides guidance to the further application of FA production from natural lignocellulose.
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CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
·
2025
·
IF 13.2
Boxiang Zhan,Lifeng Yan
Replace plastic by bamboo, is still a significant challenge in replacing toxic adhesives commonly used in bamboo-based materials. Mainstream adhesives like phenolic resin and urea-formaldehyde resin contain harmful substances. Developing eco-friendly and cost-effective adhesives is crucial. By utilizing biobased choline chloride and vanillin to create a lignin-based adhesive, exceptional bonding strength to wood and bamboo is achieved. This innovative adhesive enhances the mechanical properties of five-layer plywood compared to conventional alternatives. Notably, it can be combined with Moso bamboo powder to produce a bamboo-based composite material with superior mechanical strength, thermal insulation, water resistance, mildew resistance, and biodegradability at a low cost. This biocomposite material addresses issues seen in existing bamboo composites, offering a sustainable alternative to rigid plastics due to its outstanding properties and affordability.
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JOURNAL OF CATALYSIS
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2024
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IF 6.5
Bowen Luo,Zhipeng Tian,Riyang Shu,Chao Wang,Ying Chen,Jianping Liu,Yuhe Liao
Valorization of renewable lignin toward value-added fuels and chemicals can improve the economies of biorefinery. However, maintaining catalyst stability and preventing metal aggregation under the certain conditions of lignin hydrogenolysis remains a key challenge. Herein, hydrogenolysis of corncob enzymatic lignin was investigated using biochar-encapsulated CoTi@BC catalysts at reaction temperature of 250 °C. Co 1 Ti 0.5 @BC catalyst with the addition of Ti species outperformed Co@BC catalyst, resulting in 82.5 % lignin liquefaction degree and 23.7 wt% yield of monophenols. Besides, the catalytic stability of Co 1 Ti 0.5 @BC catalyst was outstanding in the lignin hydrogenolysis, where almost no activity loss was observed after four recycle runs. Catalyst characterization suggests that the addition of moderate amounts of Ti species changed the reduction temperature of Co species and the interaction between metal sites and carbon layer. The uniform distribution of Ti species improved the dispersion of Co metal particles, and the carbon layer can protect the surface of metal nanoparticles from oxidation, thus maintaining the stability and the activity of Co metal sites. Furthermore, the mechanism of lignin hydrogenolysis with CoTi@BC catalysts was investigated based on the results of benzyloxyphenol hydrogenolysis. These findings demonstrate the unique advantages of biochar-encapsulated metal particles for efficient C-O bond cleavage and offer valuable insights for advancing lignin valorization and sustainable biorefinery development.
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Biomass Conversion and Biorefinery
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2024
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IF 3.5
Gong Xiujin,Wang Dengfeng,Zheng Qiannan,Liu Lin,Wu Han,Li Zihan,Hong Haojie,Yao Juming
Lignin extraction and upgrade are the great importance to lignin valorization but are closely related to raw material sources, separation methods, and conditions. The advantage of this work is to firstly exploit an efficient and practical approach to extract highly reactive lignin from waste mulberry branches (MB) using green deep eutectic solvent (DES). To better understand the relationship between the extraction conditions and the properties of lignin, the influences of DES components, extraction temperature and time on the extraction efficiency, average molecular weight, chemical structure, and thermal stability of lignin were systematically investigated and analyzed. The synergistic effects of processing conditions resulted in high extraction efficiency with 62.9% of yield and 94.5% of purity. Under optimal conditions with LA/ChCl ratio of 2:1, extraction temperature of 150 °C, and time of 6 h, the obtained lignin had relatively low molecular weight ( M n = 1900 g/mol and M w = 2841 g/mol) and narrow distribution (PDI = 1.49), simultaneously had high total hydroxyl content of 9.15 mmol/g. Benefiting from high hydroxyl content and low molecular weight, the extracted lignin possessed excellent miscibility and reactivity which could participate in polymerization reaction to synthesize lignin-derived rigid polyurethane foam (LRPUF). The integration of the highly reactive lignin significantly improved the specific compressive strength and modulus of LRPUF to 6.4 and 76.0 MPa/(g/cm 3 ), which increased by 7% and 22.4% than those of petroleum-based RPUF. Therefore, this work not only provided an efficient and practical strategy for lignin extraction and upgrade, but also proposed a potential of high value-added utilization of waste mulberry branches. Graphical Abstract
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Biomass Conversion and Biorefinery
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2024
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IF 3.5
Yang Mingzhu,Li Liangli,Shi Jingjing,Xia Haian,Xu Junming
Lignin is an important source of biomass energy and chemical raw material. The combination of lignin depolymerization and electrocatalytic hydrogenation (ECH) is a very important pathway to convert lignin to high-value chemicals or bio-fuels, which has important economic and environmental significance. It remains great challenges to control the conversion pathways and modulate the desired product selectivity. In additions, in-depth understanding of the hydrodeoxygenation mechanism of lignin pyrolysis oil in ECH has not yet been revealed. Herein, we report the results of ECH of various typical lignin models using Pt/C in a fluid electrocatalytic system. Common phenolic model compounds with different functional groups and varying chain lengths were chosen as the reaction substrates, such as guaiacol, 2,6-dimethoxyphenol, eugenol, phenol, vanillin. The effects of the types and positions of functional groups such as hydroxyl, methoxyl and alkyl groups on the ECH performances were investigated. The electrolytic hydrogenation system employed phosphotungstic acid (PW12) and phosphoric acid as the electrolyte, NaBH 4 as a partial hydrogen source and PW12 reducing agent, and Pt/C as the catalyst directly added to the electrolyte. Results demonstrated that the production of cyclohexane from the ECH of the phenolic model compounds, which have undergone complete deoxygenation. For phenolic compounds containing alkyl substituents, the conversion decreases with increasing chain length, but the selectivity of alkyl cyclohexane increases. These findings contribute to advancing the understanding of lignin utilization and pave the way for sustainable development and energy transformation.
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ACS Applied Bio Materials
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2024
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IF 4.6
Jingrui Li,Xiaobo Xu,Xiaozhen Ma,Minghui Cui,Xiaolin Wang,Jing Chen,Jin Zhu,Jing Chen
Medical dressings, as a cover for wounds, can replace damaged skin in the wound healing process to play a temporary barrier role, avoid or control wound infection, and provide a favorable environment for wound healing. Therefore, there is an urgent need for medical antimicrobial dressings for the treatment of chronic wounds. Although traditional polyurethane foam has been widely used in medical dressings, conventional polyurethane foams are primarily prepared using nonbiocompatible isocyanate-based compounds, which are potentially hazardous for both operators and applications in the medical field. Here, we propose nonisocyanate polyurethane foams naturally derived from lignin by enzymatic lignin alkylation, cyclic carbonation modification, and polymerization with diamine and the addition of a blowing agent. Silver nanoparticle solution was added during foaming to confer antimicrobial properties. This lignin-based nonisocyanate polyurethane/silver composite foam (named NIPU foam-silver) using a green synthesis method has good mechanical properties, which can be used to manufacture polyurethane/silver foams, and thermal and antimicrobial properties. Notably, NIPU foam-Ag showed more than 95% bactericidal efficacy against both Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus within 4 h. Evaluation of in vitro wounds in mice showed that this antimicrobial composite foam rapidly promotes wound healing and repairs damaged tissue. This suggests that this biobased biodegradable antimicrobial foam has significant scope for clinical applications in wound management.
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高影响因子
BIOMASS & BIOENERGY
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2025
·
IF 5.8
Zhihao Ding,Tingzhou Lei,Lili Dong,Chenghao Pan,Rui Wang,Guoli Pang,Suxia Ren
Porous carbon derived from lignin holds immense potential for use in supercapacitors, due to its abundant pore structure and high specific surface area. In this research, lignin, which is selected due to its renewable and abundant nature compared to traditional carbon sources, was used as the precursor for producing lignin-derived carbon materials through a carbonization-activation process. The resulting porous carbon materials underwent rigorous characterization using SEM, BET, Raman, XRD and XPS to uncover their morphological and structural intricacies. This study delves into the influence of purified lignin (PL) and the type of activator on the microstructure and electrochemical properties of the porous carbon. Notably, the optimal product, achieved with a mass ratio of EL to KOH at 1:2 and activation temperature at 750 °C, emerges as an excellent electrode material for high-performance supercapacitors. This superior carbon material boasts a remarkable specific surface area of 2615.5 m 2 g −1 , demonstrating an electrochemical capacitance up to 350 F/g at 1 A/g, which surpasses many existing carbon materials in performance. By harnessing raw materials sourced from agricultural byproducts, this study not only presents a cost-effective solution but also proposes a novel approach towards the high-value utilization of biomass wastes. The successful preparation of activated carbon with exceptional performance from these renewable resources paves the way for the development of low-cost, high-performance supercapacitors, contributing significantly to the advancement of sustainable energy storage systems.
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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
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2024
·
IF 7.7
Qing Huang,Fei Jiang,Li Shuai,Chengke Zhao
Conventional lignin, a dehydrogenated polymer derived primarily from hydroxycinnamic alcohol monomers, exhibits relatively low antioxidant and ultraviolet (UV)-blocking activities due to its structural imperfection. Herein, we demonstrated that the dehydrogenated polymer of ferulic acid (an unconventional lignin precursor) (FAL) had excellent antioxidant and UV-blocking properties. Structural characterization showed that FAL contains abundant dihydrobenzofuran and butyrolactone structures, free phenolic hydroxyl groups, and cinnamic acid end groups. Such structural characteristics endow FAL with much higher antioxidant activity and broader and stronger UV absorptivity (especially UVA) than conventional lignins. Our investigation showed that FAL could significantly improve the UV-blocking property of commercial SPF30 and SPF50 and render a relatively light color. These versatile properties make the FAL a potential ingredient for application in sunscreen products. This work is enlightening not only for exploring better antioxidant and UV-blocking polymers from the dehydrogenated polymers of phenolic compounds but also for biosynthesizing more advantageous lignin in plants.
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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
·
2024
·
IF 7.7
Youyong Wang,Jing Tang,Qianhui Peng,Huilin Yu,Xiufang Zhu,Haifeng Li,Di Lan
Scalable and highly efficient bamboo whitening remains a great challenge. Herein, an effective bamboo whitening strategy is proposed based on photocatalyzed oxidation , which involves H 2 O 2 infiltration and UV illumination. The as-prepared white bamboo well maintains the nature structure of natural bamboo and demonstrates high whiteness and superior mechanical properties. The absorbance value is significantly decreased to 3.5 and the transmittance is increased to 0.04 % in UV–visible wavelength range due to the removal of light-absorbing chromospheres of lignin, resulting in a high whiteness when the UV illumination time is 8 h. In addition, the white bamboo displays a high tensile strength of 30 MPa and a high flexural strength of 36 MPa due to the well-preserved lignin units (lignin preservation is about 89 %). XRD patterns and analysis show that photocatalyzed oxidation has no effect on the crystal parameters of cellulose. Compared with the traditional bamboo whitening technology, our photocatalyzed oxidation strategy demonstrates significant advantage including chemical and time conservation, high efficiency, environment friendliness, and mechanical robustness. This highly efficient and environmentally friendly photocatalyzed oxidation strategy for the fabrication of white bamboo may pave the way of bamboo-based energy-efficient structural materials for engineering application .
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APPLIED CATALYSIS B-ENVIRONMENTAL
·
2024
·
IF 20.2
Tan Li,Yang Meng,Linjia Yin,Bingyan Sun,Wanchen Zhu,Jing Su,Kaige Wang
The exploitation of bimetallic catalysts to lignin for sustainable aviation biofuels remains a daunting challenge due to the low selectivity of aviation biofuel-range hydrocarbons and inconsistent reaction mechanism. Herein, bimetallic supported on SiO 2 catalysts were prepared and their hydrodeoxygenation reactivity during lignin catalytic hydropyrolysis was explored. Approximately 100 % selectivity toward aviation-range hydrocarbons were achieved using eugenol as model compound under relatively mild conditions with the presence of NiMo/SiO 2 . For lignin catalytic hydropyrolysis, the yield of liquid hydrocarbons and the selectivity of aviation-range hydrocarbons was 21.99 wt% and 70.50 %, respectively. High mass balance (89.66 %) was verified by scale-up experiments in a continuous flow high-pressure reactor system. The reactivity of demethoxylation reaction, dehydroxylation reaction, and benzene ring hydrogenation reaction with the presence of bimetallic catalysts were analyzed. The density functional theory calculation and verification experiments revealed the evolution pathway of aromatic hydrocarbons and cycloalkanes from lignin catalytic hydropyrolysis. The proposed reaction mechanism can provide guidance for the regulation of aviation biofuel components from lignin catalytic hydropyrolysis.
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