JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
·
2025
·
IF 6.3
Li Song,Benzheng Zhou,Zhiyao Fu,Zhi Ye,Shaowei Ruan,Junjia He
Bi₂O₃ is a critical additive in ZnO varistor formulations and requires uniform distribution to optimize electrical performance. Surface coating technology enables the synthesis of ZnO@Bi₂O₃ core-shell particles, effectively mitigating the uneven distribution of Bi₂O₃ within the particles. Among the currently reported synthesis methods of ZnO@Bi₂O₃, there are significant variations in the selection of core material (ZnO source), and the coating effects obtained from different coating processes are highly inconsistent. Additionally, the characterization of coating structures remains scarce in the literature. This study proposes a novel synthesis route for ZnO@Bi₂O₃ particles, utilizing commercial nano-ZnO powder as the core material to ensure industrial quality standards for ZnO in production. Bismuth ions (Bi³⁺) are deposited via chemical precipitation to form the shell layer. Hydrothermal treatment strengthens the core-shell binding, facilitates phase transformation, and final calcination purifies the product to achieve the Bi₂O₃ phase. The effects of pH value and Bi³ ⁺/Zn²⁺ molar ratio were systematically investigated. Prepared ZnO@Bi₂O₃ core-shell structures were thoroughly characterized and analyzed using X-ray diffractometry (XRD), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM). The results indicate that the optimal coating performance is achieved when pH= 10.5 and the Bi³ ⁺/Zn²⁺ molar ratio is near 0.05, whereby the Bi₂O₃ phase forms uniform belt-like and spherical shells on the ZnO surface. This research integrates the common industry powder preparation techniques, including chemical precipitation, hydrothermal reaction, and calcination, to establish a foundational basis for the industrialization synthesis of ZnO@Bi₂O₃.
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ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
·
2025
·
IF 8.2
Xiaoli Xu,Guorong Sun,Mengyu Wang,Hongtao Jiang,Wei Ma,Wangwang Liu,Zhihong Jin,Jiamin Zhu,Guoqing Chang,Shuyi Ma
Overcoming the persistent challenges of high operating temperatures and poor selectivity in metal oxide semiconductor (MOS) gas sensors, this work enhances defect sites in the sensing material through heterostructure construction and builds mesoporous architectures using MOF-derived carbon skeletons as templates. The synergistic effects of multiple mechanisms significantly improve gas-sensing performance, successfully fabricating a ZnO/PCS flexible room-temperature gas sensor with exceptional room-temperature DMF detection capabilities. The nitrogen-containing porous carbon skeletons (PCSs) template shows a stable mesoporous microstructure with large pore volume. Further gas-sensitive investigations show that the ZnO/PCS flexible sensor presents high sensitivity (100 ppm of DMF, 68.06%), reduced response/recovery time (44 s/45 s), and low limit of detection (15.74 ppb) at room temperature (RT). In addition, the response decreases by only 5.65% after 200 bends, which proves the good flexible stability of the sensor. It is worth noting that hydrophobic PCSs also contribute to the good moisture resistance of the ZnO/PCS FRT sensor. The composite of ZnO and PCS porous carbon skeleton forms heterogeneous interfaces. The resulting ZnO/PCS heterostructure achieves remarkable characteristics: an ultrahigh specific surface area (214.86 m2 g–1), abundant oxygen vacancies (66.06%), and nitrogen-facilitated electron transfer-collectively enabling superior surface redox activity upon gas exposure. This work verifies a possible and facile strategy for the realization of FRT sensing metal oxide semiconductors by using MOF-derived PCSs, which may have great application potential in the field of flexible RT sensors.
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ELECTROCHIMICA ACTA
·
2015
·
IF 4.504
Lixin Song,Pingfan Du,Jie Xiong,Frank Ko,Can Cui
ZnO nanoparticles (ZNPs) and ZnO nanowires (ZNWs) were fabricated via electrospinning and calcination . The ZNPs and ZNWs were blended with different mass ratio by varying ZNWs from 0% to 100% and serviced as photoanodic film of dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) via spin coating . The efficiency of these DSSCs reached a maximum of 2.6% at 20 wt% ZNWs. In order to improve the photovoltaic properties of ZNWs/ZNPs hybrid photoanodic film, the ZNWs/ZNPs hybrid film was modified by the incorporation of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) into ZnO matrix including both ZNPs and ZNWs combined with TiCl 4 post-treatment. As a result, the efficiency of DSSCs increased from 2.6% to 3.8%, which is mainly attributed to the increased dye loading, faster electron transport , and less electron loss.
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CATALYSIS LETTERS
·
2024
·Vol. 154
·期 7
·3829-3838
·
IF 2.3
Wang Mingyue,Li Ting,Tian Yuhao,Zhang Jiarong,Cai Weijie
To develop high-performance catalysts for greenhouse gas CO 2 reforming with ethanol (EDR) is progressively inspired by the urgent requirement of CO 2 elimination in order to meet with the sustainable development. In this work, the bimetallic Co(Ni)/ZnO catalyst derived from MOFs was investigated in detail with a focus on the effect of Ni dopant. The EDR results indicated that the bimetallic Co(Ni)/ZnO catalyst presented better activity as well as less formation of byproducts in comparison with the monometallic Co/ZnO catalyst. 100% of ethanol conversion was obtained at 500 °C for Co(Ni)/ZnO versus 650 °C for Co/ZnO. Moreover, no acetone formation was observed over Co(Ni)/ZnO catalyst while the concentration of acetone in Co/ZnO was as high as 10 mol%. Characterization results depicted that the strong synergistic effect between Ni and Co in Co(Ni)/ZnO catalyst might greatly stabilize active metal cobalt with smaller particle size, improve the reducibility and facilitate the generation of oxygen defects, thereby enhancing the catalytic performance. To a certain extent, this work might contribute to the design of efficient catalysts for other catalytic applications. Graphical
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JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE
·
2024
·Vol. 59
·期 11
·4533-4547
·
IF 3.5
Ben Zixiang,Zhu Zhiwei,Pu Jin,Xu Fugang
In this work, a composite ZnO/MoS 2 /AuNPs supported on carbon fiber cloth (CFC) was prepared by progressively growing ZnO nanorods array, MoS 2 nanosheets and AuNPs on CFC for sensitive SERS detection and efficient photocatalytic degradation of organic dye pollutants. The ZnO/MoS 2 heterojunctions showed a significant CM effect and further decorating AuNPs with EM effect improved the detection limit of crystal violet (CV) from 10 –6 to 10 –13 M. The composite can be used for qualitative SERS detection of CV or Nile blue in standard solution or real samples with high stability and good stability. The enhancement mechanisms of CFC/ZnO/MoS 2 and CFC/ZnO/MoS 2 /AuNPs were discussed based on corresponding characterizations and calculations. The composite also showed efficient photocatalysis for dye degradation. The ZnO/MoS 2 heterojunction played a key role in enhancing the charge separation rate and improving the photocatalytic performance. The materials achieved degradation efficiencies of 71.4% for CV (1.5 × 10 –5 M) after 60 min irradiation under visible light. The active radical species were investigated and possible degradation approach were proposed. Such composite with both SERS enhancement and visible light photodegradation ability has great promise in environment monitoring and remediation. Graphical
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RSC Advances
·
2012
·Vol. 2
·期 24
·9192-9200
·
IF 0
Yan-Fei Shao,Bing Yan,Zhao-Yan Jiang
In this paper, methacrylic-group-modified ZnO nanoparticles (designated ZnO-MAA) are prepared through the sol–gel reaction between zinc methacrylate and LiOH, which is then functionalized with 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) to form the ZnO-MAA-PHEMA hybrid system after addition polymerization reaction. Then ZnO-MAA-PHEMA unit is modified with 3-(triethoxysilyl)-propyl isocyanate (TEPIC) through the addition reaction and subsequently to achieve the functionalized SBA-15 mesoporous hybrids (ZnO-MAA-PHEMA-SBA-15) by co-condensation of tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) and modified polymer ligand (HEMASi) in the presence of Pluronic P123 surfactant as template. Finally, lanthanide (Eu3+, Tb3+, Nd3+) complex systems with β-diketonates (2-thenoyltrifluoroacetonate (TTA), 1,3-diphenyl-1,3-propanedionate (DBM), 4,4,4-trifluoro-1-phenyl-1,3-butanedionate (BTA) and nicotinate (NTA)) are introduced to obtain multicomponent organic–inorganic hybrid materials through the coordination bonds between the lanthanide ion and the carbonyl group of ZnO-MAA-PHEMA-SBA-15. The detailed physical characterization and especially the photoluminescence of these hybrid materials are studied in detail. The results provide a strategy to assemble luminescent lanthanide hybrids with multicomponent units such as semiconductors, polymers and mesoporous silica and lanthanide complexes.
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Nanoscale Research Letters
·
2012
·Vol. 7
·期 1
·1-7
·
IF 2.726
Zhang Jun,Zhao Su-Qing,Zhang Kun,Zhou Jian-Qing,Cai Yan-Fei
In the present work, ZnO quantum dots (QDs) have been prepared by the sol–gel method, and the performance of the QDs has been improved. The effect of Cd concentration on the structural and luminescent properties of the QDs, as well as the effect of the mass ratio of trioctylphosphine oxide (TOPO)/octadecylamine (ODA), has been investigated. The ZnO and Cd-doped ZnO QDs have hexagonal wurtzite structures and are 3 to 6 nm in diameter. When the Cd content was increased, the QD particle size was reduced; this effect was confirmed in the corresponding ultraviolet–visible spectra. The fluorescence intensity was simultaneously enhanced significantly. Both the UV and fluorescence spectra were blue-shifted. The luminous intensity was further enhanced when the QDs were modified with TOPO/ODA. Fourier transform infrared and X-ray diffraction techniques proved that the polymer successfully coated the surfaces of the QDs. A TOPO/ODA mass ratio of 1:2 was determined to result in the best optical performance among the different ratios examined. The results showed that the described synthetic method is appropriate for the preparation of doped QDs with high-fluorescence quantum efficiency.
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CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
·
2026
·
IF 12.5
Shiyin Zhao,Songyang Jiang,Yuxuan Xia,Fang Wang,Yujiao Li,Zhuoliang Liu,Xin Min,Cheng-an Tao
First piezo-responsive MOF heterostructure for mechanical Cr(VI) reduction. • F-modified MOF and ZnO loading synergistically boost piezoelectric response. • Efficient piezo-catalytic interface enables ultrafast Cr(VI) reduction. • 10 ppm Cr(VI) completely reduced to undetectable level within only 15 s. Hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) is highly toxic and carcinogenic; its reduction to Cr(III) remains the most viable remediation strategy. Piezoelectric catalysis, which converts mechanical energy into chemical energy via built-in electric fields, offers a sustainable route for pollutant degradation. However, the application of piezoelectric Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs) in heavy metal reduction remains largely unexplored. Herein, we report a strategy of fluorination combine with ZnO loading to construct piezoelectric MOF heterostructures for ultrafast Cr(VI) reduction. The optimized ZnO/UiO-66-F 4 completely reduced 10 ppm Cr(VI) to below detection limits within merely 30 s under sonication, substantially outperforming pristines. Systematic characterizations and DFT calculations revealed that fluorination depresses the conduction band to −0.91 V vs. NHE, establishing a type-II staggered band alignment with ZnO that synergizes with the piezoelectric field to drive vectorial charge separation, as corroborated by markedly reduced charge-transfer resistance and prolonged fluorescence lifetime with enhanced quantum yield. Mechanistic investigations further identified the interfacial Zn Zr dual-atom site as the true catalytic center, exhibiting the strongest Cr(VI) adsorption affinity and the lowest activation energy barrier for the rate-determining step. The catalyst demonstrated exceptional durability, retaining 98.2% removal efficiency after five cycles with negligible metal leaching. This work pioneers the application of piezoelectric MOFs in heavy metal remediation and establishes a molecular-level electronic modulation strategy for mechanical-energy-driven water purification. Piezoelectric ZnO/UiO-66-F 4 heterostructure was constructed via fluorine modification coupled with ZnO loading, demonstrating superior piezocatalytic performance for Cr(VI) reduction under ultrasonic vibration. Download: Download high-res image (138KB) Download: Download full-size image
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JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE
·
2026
·
IF 4.4
Li Xiaoguang,Chen Jia,Li Aoqi,Li Jing,Wang Mingyu,Li Liangsheng,Shangguan Enbo
A novel in situ self-sulfidation approach was devised to fabricate ZnO/ZnS/C ternary nanocomposites as highly stable anodes for alkaline Zn–Ni batteries. Zinc sulfate acted as a dual-purpose precursor, providing both zinc and sulfur, whereas acrylamide served as the carbon source and in situ reductant. In a single-step carbothermal pyrolysis at 800 °C, the carbon matrix converted sulfate ions to sulfide, facilitating the simultaneous generation of electrochemically active ZnO, a protective ZnS layer, and a conductive carbon network during a single thermal treatment. The optimized ZnO/ZnS/C-2 electrode exhibited a discharge capacity of 576.8 mAh g −1 after 600 cycles at 1 C and maintained 513.2 mAh g −1 at 15 C. Under identical conditions at 10C, the ZnO/ZnS/C-2 electrode delivered a capacity of 545.3 mAh g −1 , which is 41.5% higher than that of commercial ZnO (385.4 mAh g −1 ). Upon the current density reverting to 0.2 C, it regained 96.6% of its original capacity, indicating remarkable reversibility. Post-cycling scanning electron microscopy images validated the successful inhibition of zinc dendrite proliferation. The performance improvements arise from the synergistic combination of the protective ZnS layer, the interconnected conductive carbon framework, and the advantageous ZnO/ZnS heterointerface, which collectively boost structural stability and charge transfer kinetics.
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JOURNAL OF COLLOID AND INTERFACE SCIENCE
·
2026
·
IF 9.6
Jingtian Ni,Jing Peng,Aihemaiti Tuniyazi,Shuting Xi,Jing Li,Feng Li
Issues of charges transfer at the SSI interface have been studied in depth. • The carrier separation efficiency was improved by introduce SnO 2 at SSI interface. • Coherent boundary at SSI can strikingly reducing the charge transfer resistance. • Ov-ZnO provide enough active sites for the OER beneficial to the mass transfer. • An excellent stable photocurrent density of 1.13 mA cm −2 is generated at 1.2 V. Efficient extraction of photogenerated electrons across the semiconductor/conductive-substrate interface is essential for photoelectrochemical (PEC) water oxidation, yet this interface is often less considered than bulk and surface charge-transfer processes. Herein, oxygen-vacancy-enriched ZnO nanorods (Ov-ZnO NRs) were grown on three-dimensionally ordered SnO 2 inverse-opal skeletons to construct a hierarchical SnO 2 IOs/Ov-ZnO photoanode. The interconnected SnO 2 inverse opal simultaneously provides a conductive framework and enhances light harvesting through multiple scattering and slow-photon effects, while its crystallographic compatibility with the FTO substrate alleviates electron-transfer losses at the semiconductor/substrate interface. The one-dimensional Ov-ZnO NRs provide short carrier-transport pathways, a large electrode/electrolyte contact area, and defect-mediated active sites for water oxidation. The optimized photoanode delivered a photocurrent density of 1.13 mA cm −2 at 1.2 V vs. RHE, approximately 3.3 times that of the flat SnO 2 /ZnO NRs reference (0.34 mA cm −2 ), together with an applied-bias photon-to-current efficiency of 0.274% at 0.80 V vs. RHE. Its bulk charge-separation and surface charge-injection efficiencies reached 53.3% and 71%, respectively, at 1.2 V vs. RHE. Spectroscopic, electrochemical, and density functional theory analyses collectively indicate enhanced interfacial charge redistribution, lower charge-transfer resistance, and more favorable OER energetics. These results establish the coordinated engineering of the conductive substrate interface, photonic architecture, and oxygen-vacancy defects as an effective strategy for improving ZnO-based PEC photoanodes. Download: Download high-res image (215KB) Download: Download full-size image
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PHYSICA B-CONDENSED MATTER
·
2026
·
IF 3.2
Weigang Zhang,Jialun Zhang,Guojuan Xu,Qianfeng Zhang
A high performance infrared and visible light compatible stealth coating was prepared by a simple method. • The leaf-mimetic PU/Al-ZnO composite coatings with yellow-green color and green peak characteristics. • The PU/Al-ZnO composite coating exhibits a prominent green peak at 544 nm, resembling that of green vegetation. • The PU/Al-ZnO composite coating exhibits excellent infrared stealth performance and mechanical properties. With the rapid development of various reconnaissance equipment targeting land-based equipment, traditional green camouflage coatings and low infrared emissivity camouflage coatings have become inadequate to meet practical needs. Developing green-based low infrared emissivity coatings with distinct green peak characteristics is an effective approach to address the aforementioned issues. In this study, using polyurethane resin as the matrix, yellow-blue polyurethane color paste as the colorant, flaky Al powder and zinc oxide (ZnO) as low emissivity functional fillers, a systematic regulation and optimization were carried out using the variable control method for the washing and drying duration of Al powder, the content of low emissivity fillers (Al powder + ZnO), the ratio of ZnO to Al powder, and the total amount of pigment and filler based on the comprehensive performance of the coating. The results show that after washing and drying the Al powder with ethanol for 3.5 h, the prepared coating exhibits a yellow-green appearance that matches green leaves. It has a characteristic reflection peak at 544 nm similar to that of green vegetation, and the coating has the lowest emissivity. Under the optimal washing and drying duration conditions for Al powder, the emissivity of the coating can be adjusted within the range of 0.738 to 0.807 by regulating the amount of low emissivity filler, while ensuring that the coating exhibits distinct yellow-green characteristics. When the amount of low emissivity filler is 16 wt% and the ratio of ZnO to Al powder is 6:4, the infrared emissivity of the coating reaches its lowest at 0.738, while maintaining distinct green peaks and yellow-green appearance characteristics. Finally, when the total amount of pigment and filler is adjusted to 40 wt%, the emissivity of the coating is the lowest, the yellow-green characteristics are prominent, and it has excellent mechanical properties.
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Foods
·
2026
·Vol. 15
·期 4
·
IF 6
Mohamed F. Hassan,Linpin Luo,Ting Du,Bingzhi Li,Yiya Ping,Mostafa M. Abou ghazala,Nouh M. Shaaban,Abdalaleem M. Alnaggar,Mahmoud Salah,Jianlong Wang
Phytopathogenic fungi pose a critical threat to global food security through substantial pre- and post-harvest crop losses, intensified by climate change and fungicide resistance. To address this, we synthesized low-concentration chitosan–inorganic oxide nanocomposites (CS-SiO2, CS-ZnO, CS-CuO) via ionic gelation, a green and scalable method. Comprehensive characterization (DLS, UV-Vis, FTIR, XRD, SEM) confirmed nanocomposite formation, CS-SiO2exhibited uniform particle sizes (200–250 nm), while CS-CuO showed slightly larger particles, all with excellent dispersity. Zeta potential analysis confirmed strong colloidal stability, with pure chitosan nanoparticles (CSNPs) displaying a surface charge of +12.9 mV, while all nanocomposites retained positive charges, enhancing adhesion to negatively charged fungal membranes. In vitro antifungal assays againstAlternaria alternata,Botrytis cinerea,Colletotrichum graminicola, andFusarium graminearumdemonstrated hierarchical efficacy: CS-CuO > CS-ZnO > CS-SiO2, with CS-CuO achieving >80% growth inhibition against B. cinerea and A. alternata. SEM revealed severe hyphal damage and spore collapse in CS-CuO-treated fungi, attributed to synergistic reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and chitosan-mediated membrane disruption. In vivo trials on B. cinerea-infected apples showed CS-CuO reduced lesion area by 81% and elevated host defense markers, including a 1.5-fold increase in total phenolic content and higher DPPH radical scavenging activity compared to controls. These nanocomposites, particularly CS-CuO, offer a sustainable, dual-action solution direct antifungal activity and enhanced host resilience while minimizing environmental impact. By integrating scalable synthesis, eco-compatibility, and efficacy, this work advances chitosan–inorganic oxide nanocomposites as viable alternatives to conventional fungicides, with immediate potential for agricultural and postharvest applications.
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