ACS Applied Polymer Materials
·
2026
·
IF 5.2
Jiaming Fan,Kefeng Liu,Guihua Yang,Qixiu Dong,Junchao Li,Jiachuan Chen
The efficient cleanup of high-viscosity crude oil spills remains a formidable challenge due to the poor fluidity of oil and the complexity of marine environments. Herein, a multifunctional superhydrophobic MXene/cellulose nanofiber (S-MXene/SCNF) composite aerogel was developed for all-weather crude oil remediation. By combining freeze-drying with a two-step silanization strategy, the MXene nanosheets were uniformly assembled into the CNF scaffold, creating a stable 3D conductive network with excellent environmental durability. The resulting S-MXene/SCNF aerogel exhibits dual-mode heat generation capabilities, achieving rapid surface heating up to 188.7 °C under solar irradiation (0.20 W/cm2) and 129 °C under a low voltage of 3.0 V. This localized heating effectively reduces the viscosity of crude oil by several orders of magnitude, thereby solving the problem of slow diffusion in conventional adsorbents. Consequently, the aerogel demonstrates an ultrahigh continuous oil separation flux of 461.2 kg·m–2·h–1 and a fast adsorption time (<45 s). Moreover, the S-MXene/SCNF aerogel maintains stable superhydrophobicity and high separation efficiency even after 50 cycles. Overall, this work presents a scalable, energy-efficient, and environmentally stable material for heavy oil spill remediation.
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CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS
·
2026
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IF 13.2
Brahim El Allaoui,Tao Wu,Cheng Heng Pang
Cellulose beads are produced through dissolution–regeneration processes that are solvent- and water-intensive and disrupt the native microfibrillar organization by converting cellulose I to cellulose II. Here, we establish a dissolution-free chemomechanical pathway that converts lignocellulosic biomass into spherical cellulose assemblies via architecture-governed cell-wall remodeling and shear-driven consolidation. Six feedstocks spanning agricultural residues (date palm, rice straw, corn straw, soybean straw) and woody biomasses (pine and peach wood) were subjected to sequential alkaline extraction, oxidative bleaching, and high-shear agitation. Comparative compositional, structural, and morphological analyses reveal that successful spheronization does not depend solely on cellulose content but requires the formation of a deformable continuity-preserving fibrillar intermediate. In this state, partial matrix removal induces wall swelling and delamination while maintaining load-bearing connectors that enable fibrillar bending, entanglement, and densification under hydrodynamic shear. Date palm and rice straw satisfy these criteria and produce stable cellulose I beads with fiber-assembled interiors. In contrast, corn and soybean residues undergo excessive fragmentation into fines that disperse as pulps/flocs, whereas pine and peach wood retain stratified, locked wall domains and yield irregular, rigid fragments. These findings establish an architecture-based mechanistic framework and selection rules for solvent-minimal, dissolution-free manufacturing of cellulose beads directly from low-value lignocellulosic biomass.
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BIOMASS & BIOENERGY
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2026
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IF 7
Xiao Yang,Li Qiu,Kehui Cen,Xiaoran Li,Dengyu Chen
Co-pyrolysis of biomass and plastic enables simultaneous production of biochar, bio-oil, and gaseous products and also offers a pathway for waste recycling and valorization. This research investigates the synergistic effects of co-pyrolysis of cellulose and low-density polyethylene (LDPE) by TG-FTIR and a fixed bed reactor. Kinetic analyses by Flynn-Wall-Ozawa (FWO) and Kissinger-Akahira-Sunose (KAS) models showed that the average activation energy ( E a ) for pyrolysis of cellulose and LDPE individually was 184.1 and 267.4 kJ/mol, respectively, whereas that of 1:1 cellulose/LDPE mixture decreased to 150.4 kJ/mol. Pyrolysis experiment showed that co-pyrolysis suppressed biochar formation while enhancing yields of bio-oil and gaseous products. Co-pyrolysis enriched carbon and removed oxygen in biochar, resulting in maximum graphitization degree and higher heating value (HHV) of 31.51 MJ/kg at 700 °C. Additionally, co-pyrolysis decreased the relative content of light oxygenated compounds in bio-oil. The inhibitory effect of co-pyrolysis on aldehydes, ketones, and acids was maximum at 600 °C. Co-pyrolysis enhanced CH 4 and H 2 formation and suppressed CO 2 and CO. At 700 °C, CH 4 and H 2 proportions peaked to 19.3 vol% and 13.1 vol%, respectively, during co-pyrolysis. This research provides fundamental insights into the synergistic mechanisms of biomass and plastic co-pyrolysis for polygeneration.
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CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS
·
2026
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IF 13.2
Zhouhang Lei,Wenhao Guo,Xingyue Fang,Zhengqi Tan,Heng Xue,Xueyu Li,Liangbin Li
Zero-birefringence protective films are essential for polarizers in flexible displays, preventing light leakage and color shifts. However, conventional films, such as cellulose triacetate, often suffer from residual birefringence induced by solvent evaporation and mechanical stress. Here, we employ a facile, atom-economical carbamate reaction between cellulose acetate and p -tolyl isocyanate (PTSI) to produce a uniaxial tensile strain-insensitive, zero-birefringence cellulose ester film without generating small-molecule by-products. Density functional theory calculations reveal that the introduced p -tolylcarbamoyl group exhibits large negative polarizability anisotropy, enabling efficient intramolecular compensation to offset the birefringence of the backbone. Guided by these theoretical calculations, we systematically investigate birefringence evolution as a function of both the p -tolylcarbamoyl substitution degree ( DS ) and the draw ratio under uniaxial stretching. Experimental results reveal that, at an optimal DS of 0.332, the modified films achieve exceptional optical isotropy, maintaining near-zero in-plane (∣Δ n in ∣ < 0.0005) and out-of-plane (∣Δ n th ∣ < 0.001) birefringence regardless of the applied draw ratios. This work provides a green synthetic route for modifying cellulose esters and offers a robust material design strategy for next-generation protective films demanding uniaxial tensile strain-insensitive zero-birefringence.
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Polymers
·
2026
·Vol. 18
·期 6
·740
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IF 5.8
Jin Li,Zhongyong Su,Tiantian Jia,Kai Liu,Liulian Huang,Fang Huang,Xiaolin Luo,Jianguo Li,Qingxian Miao
It is essential to develop a practical technology for the separation and capture of carbon dioxide (CO2) due to the gradually increased concentration of CO2in the atmosphere, which has driven the rise in global temperature. Membrane separation is regarded as a promising technology for the capture of CO2. However, most membranes employ non-biodegradable petroleum-based polymers. In this study, biodegradable and renewable membranes of cellulose acetate (CA) doped with polyethylene glycol (PEG) and polyethylene glycol diacrylate (PEGDA) were fabricated by solution casting and used for the separation of CO2/O2. The results indicated that the membrane doped with PEGDA exhibited higher permeability of CO2and selectivity of CO2/O2compared to those doped with PEG, while improving the tensile strain and structural uniformity of membranes. The membrane with a thickness of 25 μm at a PEGDA dosage of 10 wt% achieved optimal gas permeability, selectivity, and mechanical toughness, showing CO2permeability of 4.59Barrerand CO2/O2selectivity of 5.68. The structure of the interpenetrating polymer network was responsible for the excellent properties of the membrane doped with PEGDA due to the formation of more mid- and micro-sized pores that increase the diffusion pathways of CO2.
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高影响因子
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
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2026
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IF 12.5
Sijia Sun,Dong Jiang,Hengsong Zheng,Ziyuan Cheng,Jie Wang,Yusuke Yamauchi,Mingzhu Pan
Rational structural design is crucial for enhancing thermal conversion efficiency and is therefore essential for advanced thermal-management applications. However, simultaneously achieving high electrical conductivity and low thermal conductivity in thermoelectric (TE) materials through oriented structural design remains a long-standing challenge. Herein, a PEDOT: PSS/MXene-based TE unit is fabricated via a top-down strategy using oriented wood cellulose fibrils as a natural scaffold. The inherent long-range alignment of cellulose fibrils enables the formation of a continuous, directionally conductive network that facilitates the rapid transport of thermally excited charge carriers, leading to remarkably high electrical conductivity. Meanwhile, the hierarchical micro/nanopores (0.1–50 μm) derived from the cellulose framework induce strong phonon scattering, resulting in ultralow thermal conductivity and pronounced temperature gradients under heat stimuli. Subsequently, the TE unit exhibits an excellent Seebeck coefficient (10.051 μV K −1 ), high electrical conductivity (1776 S m −1 ) at elevated temperatures, and a sufficiently low thermal conductivity (0.032 W m −1 K −1 ). When coupled in series with an n- type MXene unit, the resulting self-powered high-temperature warning device demonstrates a broad sensing range (100–400 °C) and a rapid thermal response (~1.3 s). This oriented structural framework, derived from rational design principles, offers scalability for integration with diverse thermal conversion composites, providing new insights into the design of advanced functional architectures for practical thermal management and self-powered sensing applications.
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JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL AND APPLIED PYROLYSIS
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2026
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IF 6.7
Shengpeng Xia,Liang Zhu,Wei Cai,Hanle Cai,Yutao Zhang,Zhongqing Ma
Alkali and alkaline-earth metals (AAEMs) are inherently present in biomass and exert pronounced influences during thermochemical conversion. However, the effects of different AAEM salt systems on the pyrolysis behavior and product distribution of individual biomass components remain insufficiently understood. In this work, the effects of representative AAEM salt systems based on different cations (K + , Na + , Ca 2+ , and Mg 2+ ) and potassium salts with different counter-anions (Cl - , CO 3 2- , HCO 3 - , SO 4 2- , PO 4 3- , and CH 3 COO - ) on the fast pyrolysis of cellulose, hemicellulose (xylan), and lignin were systematically investigated using thermogravimetric analysis coupled with detailed product characterization. The results demonstrate that AAEM salt composition strongly influences thermal decomposition behavior, product evolution, and carbon partitioning among char, bio-oil, and gas phases. Under chloride salt conditions, monovalent cations (K + and Na + ) generally promote depolymerization-related transformations and moderate formation of sugars or oxygenated compounds, whereas divalent cations (Ca 2+ and Mg 2+ ) induce distinct changes in ring-opening, dehydration, and furan-related product formation, likely associated with stronger interactions with oxygen-containing structures. Different potassium salt systems exhibit distinct product distributions, indicating that K + availability and counter-anion-associated chemistry, contribute to the observed pyrolysis behaviors. Phosphate- and sulfate-containing salts show stronger tendencies toward carbon retention, whereas acetate-, bicarbonate-, and carbonate-containing systems lead to different distributions of volatile oxygenates and hydrocarbons. In xylan pyrolysis, K 2 CO 3 - and KHCO 3 - -containing systems generate contrasting hydrocarbon and oxygenated product distributions, highlighting the influence of salt composition on intermediate transformation under intensified salt–biomass interactions. Overall, AAEM effects depend on metal species, counter-anion chemistry, biomass composition, and loading conditions. Lower AAEM concentrations favor stabilization of primary pyrolysis intermediates, whereas higher loadings promote secondary conversion processes that redistribute products among char, bio-oil, and gas phases. These findings provide mechanistic insights into the role of AAEM salts in biomass pyrolysis and offer guidance for tailoring product distributions toward renewable chemicals and carbon-rich materials.
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JOURNAL OF THERMAL ANALYSIS AND CALORIMETRY
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2026
·
IF 4.1
Liu Yuan,Chen Jialong,Liu Fang,Yang Li,Guo Feiqiang
Analytical pyrolysis–gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (Py–GC/MS) was used to investigate the catalytic fast pyrolysis of cellulose. The catalysts investigated in this study included rutile TiO 2 , anatase TiO 2 , Fe 2 O 3 , ZrO 2 , CeO 2 , CuO, CaO, and NiO. These catalysts exhibited distinct effects on the distribution of cellulose pyrolysis products. Among the tested catalysts, rutile TiO 2 was the most effective in suppressing carbohydrate-derived products, reducing their relative content to 65.1%, and in promoting carbonyl compounds, increasing their relative content to 30.11%. The relative contents of 2(5H)-furanone, furfural (FF), 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (5-HMF), and 2-hydroxy-3-methyl-2-cyclopenten-1-one increased most markedly. ZrO 2 caused only minor changes in the distribution of primary cellulose pyrolysis products, whereas CeO 2 induced the most extensive transformation, leading to the identification of 21 new compounds in the catalytic pyrolysis products. Moreover, NiO selectively promoted hydroxyacetaldehyde formation, whereas the other seven metal oxides suppressed it, with Fe 2 O 3 showing the strongest inhibitory effect. These findings provided a scientific basis for producing carbonyl-rich bio-oil through facile catalytic pyrolysis.
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JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
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2026
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IF 6.7
Mingxu Liu,Sifu Bi,Shouhang Wang,Yu Zhang,Kaiqi Zhang,Zhongke Yang,Kexin Wang,Xin Wang,Yixiao Guo,Haiping Liu
Solid-state lithium batteries, offering high energy density and enhanced safety, are widely regarded as the leading candidates for next-generation battery technology. Among the various solid-state electrolyte systems, polyethylene oxide (PEO)-based composite solid-state electrolytes (CSEs) integrate the merits of multiple electrolyte types, positioning them among the most promising options for practical application. To further optimize and enhance the integrated performance of PEO-based CSEs, this study presents a cellulose acetate (CLA)-reinforced PEO-Li 6.4 La 3 Zr 1.4 Ta 0.6 O 12 (LLZTO) CSE. CLA provides additional Li + transport pathways within the PEO matrix and promotes the dissociation of LiTFSI. As a result, the fabricated CSE exhibits excellent Li + conductivity (2.72 × 10 −4 S cm −1 ) and a high Li + transference number (0.62) at 60 °C. Moreover, the CLA network imparts superior mechanical robustness to the CSE, thereby maintaining the structural integrity of the electrolyte during battery operation and enhancing cycling stability. The Li-Li symmetric battery incorporating this electrolyte achieves stable cycling for over 4200 h at a current density of 0.1 mA cm −2 . Furthermore, the LiFePO 4 (LFP) solid-state battery delivers a high initial discharge capacity of 158.8 mAh g −1 at 0.2 C and 60 °C, exhibiting a capacity retention of 93.0% after 100 cycles. At 1 C, the battery attains a high initial capacity of 150.3 mAh g −1 and maintains a capacity retention of 80.6% after 600 cycles, while also achieving stable cycling for 1200 cycles at 2 C. This work provides a promising strategy for the application of cost-effective composite solid electrolytes with superior comprehensive performance in solid-state lithium batteries.
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SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
·
2026
·
IF 9.1
Qianwen Wang,Mengjie Li,Dandan Zhang,Mingmin Jia,Xiong-Fei Zhang,Jianfeng Yao
A mixed-matrix membrane was developed by combining defect-engineered UiO-66-NH 2 metal-organic framework (MOF) and nanocellulose. A formic acid-modulated solvothermal method creates linker-missing defects in UiO-66-NH 2 , increasing its specific surface area from 540 to 775 m 2 g −1 . The hydroxyl/carboxyl-rich cellulose forms a robust hydrogen-bonding network with amino groups and defect sites on the MOF, suppressing interfacial defects. The optimized membrane achieves a CO 2 permeability of 303.7 Barrer with CO 2 /N 2 and CO 2 /CH 4 selectivities of 92.3 and 124.0, respectively. This enhancement arises from optimized adsorption sites in the defective MOF and superb MOF-cellulose interface capability coupled with efficient CO 2 transfer through the cellulose network. Moreover, the membrane exhibits good stability over 500 h tests, offering a promising approach to high-performance gas separation.
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INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS
·
2026
·
IF 6.4
Xinqi Zhang,Taixiang Zhang,Ying Song,Xia Gao,Hao Wu,Jianming Zhang
A novel reactive compatibilizer was developed by grafting P(VAc-co-GMA) copolymers onto CNCs. • The copolymer-grafted CNCs effectively compatibilized the immiscible PLA/PBAT blends. • The resulting composite exhibited improved melt strength and processability, which directly translated to superior FDM printability. Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) hold great potential as nanofiller compatibilizers for immiscible poly( L -lactic acid) (PLLA) and poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT) blends. However, a key challenge remains the precise engineering of CNC surface chemistry to achieve strong interfacial interactions and selective localization. In this study, a novel multifunctional compatibilizer was developed based on CNCs grafted with a poly(vinyl acetate-co-glycidyl methacrylate) (P(VAc-co-GMA)) copolymer. The PVAc segments ensure thermodynamic compatibility within the PLLA matrix, while the epoxy groups from GMA offer reactive sites for in-situ interfacial compatibilization. By tuning the comonomer ratio, the surface energy of the grafted CNCs was tailored to match that of PLLA, promoting excellent dispersion during melt processing. The modified CNCs effectively compatibilized the PLLA/PBAT blend, reducing the PBAT domain size from 3.27 µm to 2.00 µm. Moreover, covalent bonds formed between the polymers and CNCs enhanced the melt strength and complex viscosity of blends. Furthermore, the improved processability was directly reflected in the printability. The compatibilized blend exhibited excellent performance in fused deposition modeling (FDM), producing parts with improved dimensional accuracy and interlayer adhesion. Overall, this work offers a facile and effective strategy for designing reactive CNC-based additives that enable simultaneous compatibilization and performance enhancement of PLLA/PBAT blends, facilitating their application in sustainable manufacturing and advanced 3D printing.
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POLYMER
·
2026
·
IF 5.1
Hamza Malik,Jian He,Hui Zhang,Yong Liu,Jianyong Yu
Cellulose dissolution in N-methylmorpholine N-oxide (NMMO) remains challenged by strong hydrogen bonding, high crystallinity, and limited solvent accessibility, necessitating effective pretreatments for efficient lyocell fiber production. We introduce an integrated approach combining NaOH-induced hydrogen-bond weakening with cryogenic ball milling fragmentation to enhance macromolecular disentanglement in cellulose dissolution for the lyocell process. A multiscale characterization suite i.e. FTIR, XRD, BET, and SEM was used to confirm that the combined treatment synergistically reduced crystallinity from 86.2% to 63.8%, increased specific surface area by ∼26%, and generated a defibrillated, porous morphology. Centrifugal NMMO-retention method showed that this structural evolution significantly enhanced swelling capacity, with the NaOH and cryogenic milling combined cellulose treatment achieving a 56% higher solvent retention than native pulp in 70 wt% NMMO. Moreover, centrifugal retention profiles classified solvent as free, trapped, and bound, with combined treatment maximizing bound NMMO for optimal disentanglement. In addition, polarized optical microscopy demonstrated a reduction in dissolution time, from 50 min for native pulp to just about 20 min for the synergistically pretreated cellulose. UV-visible spectroscopy of the dope extracts further confirmed that the combined pretreatment minimizes NMMO degradation during dissolution, as evidenced by consistently lower absorbance values for the combined treatment across all wavelengths and time points (0, 24, and 72 h), indicating fewer chromophoric degradation products and superior dope quality. By linking molecular-scale activation with mechanical fragmentation, this synergistic strategy offers a sustainable and potentially energy-efficient pathway for cellulose processing, with promising applications in nanocellulose and bio-based composites.
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