查找使用阿拉丁产品的科研文献

Tailoring High-Temperature Co-Precipitation Synthesis of Nanoscintillators for High-Performance Dynamic X-ray Imaging

Xiao Xu,Weixin Xu,Xiaofeng Liu,Renren Deng,Min Zhou,Zicheng Wen,Jianrong Qiu

The development of scintillators that combine strong X-ray excited optical luminescence (XEOL) with minimal afterglow is pivotal for advancing dynamic X-ray imaging applications. Herein, we report a facile strategy for the simultaneous optimization of scintillation properties in NaLuF 4 :Tb/Gd nanoscintillators (NSs) through precise control of co-precipitation temperature. Elevating the reaction temperature from 300°C to 320°C yields a monotonic enhancement in XEOL intensity along with a significant reduction in X-ray excited persistent luminescence (XEPL). This synergistic effect is attributed to temperature-induced improvement in crystallinity and a substantial decrease in the number of charge-trapping defects. The optimized NaLuF 4 :Tb/Gd NSs were fabricated into a flexible composite film, which exhibits excellent stability and enables high-resolution (14.1 lp mm −1 ) dynamic X-ray imaging. This work provides a scalable pathway for optimizing scintillation yield while suppressing afterglow in fluoride NSs.

Doping S Tailors the Electronic Structure of CuBiOx Catalyst for Selective CO2 Electroreduction to CO

Tao Kun,Zhao Chao,Yu Wenya,Hu Shengye,Xue Hui,Zhang Mengmeng M.

Converting CO 2 into valuable chemicals is a sustainable way to address the energy and environmental crisis, yet achieving high selectivity toward CO remains challenging. Here, a S-doped copper-bismuth oxide (S-CuBiO x ) catalyst with a hierarchical structure was synthesized via a facile solution method toward selectively producing CO from CO 2 . The prepared S-CuBiO x exhibits a 91.3% CO Faradic efficiency at −0.9 V RHE in an H-type cell with 0.5 M KHCO 3 solution, delivering a 3.8-fold enhancement compared to the undoped CuBiO x , while decreasing the H 2 and HCOOH by-products to 2.6% and 4.5%, respectively. The doped-S can be responsible for the excellent CO selectivity, namely, the S dopant induces S-M-O (M = Cu or Bi) bond formation and tunes the local electronic structure of S-CuBiO x , thus benefiting *COOH formation/stabilization and accelerating the reaction kinetics toward CO. This work provides a rational design strategy for steering CO 2 RR selectivity toward CO via non-metal heteroatom doping in bimetallic oxide systems. Graphical The alternative text for this image may have been generated using AI.

Bulk–Surface Coupled Regulation of Magnetic Frustration and Interphase Architecture in Co-Free LiNi0.6Mn0.4O2 Cathodes

Ye Tao,Wei Wei,Xiao Zunqiu,Xiang Kejia,Wang Huaying,Mo Shaoyu,Jiang Huixian,Zhang Junying,Wang Shitong,Tang Zilong

Co-free layered LiNi 0.6 Mn 0.4 O 2 (NM64) is an attractive cost-effective cathode, yet its practical viability is limited by bulk Li/Ni antisite disorder and high-voltage interfacial degradation. Addressing these coupled limitations requires a bulk–surface design framework that balances magnetic-frustration-associated cation ordering with nanoscale interphase stability. Here, nominal 1 mol % high-valence, nonmagnetic d 0 modifiers (V 5+ , Hf 4+ , Ta 5+ ) are used as a chemically defined model series to probe the coupling between magnetic-frustration-associated cation ordering and nanoscale surface/near-surface interphase architecture. Within this series, 1%Hf-NM64 lowers the apparent frustration index from 9.562 to 7.366 and the refined Li/Ni mixing from 7.67 to 7.14%, whereas V increases both descriptors and Ta leaves them nearly unchanged. Low-temperature M – H loops further indicate that 1%Hf-NM64 exhibits the weakest hysteretic magnetic irreversibility. Surface/near-surface characterization reveals modifier-dependent nanoscale interphase architectures, with localized Li 2 HfO 3 -rich domains in 1%Hf-NM64 coinciding with the lowest polarization and the best cycling response among the series. Compared with pristine NM64, 1%Hf-NM64 raises the initial 1 C discharge capacity from 136.6 to 159.0 mAh g –1 and improves the 500-cycle capacity retention from 69.0 to 73.3%. 3%Hf-NM64 further shows that excessive Hf increases Li 2 HfO 3 -related secondary-phase content and apparent Li + diffusivity but compromises long-term cycling stability. These findings support optimized bulk–surface coupled regulation of magnetic frustration, cation disorder, and interphase architecture as a design principle for Co-free layered oxide cathodes.

Non-Noble Metal Ni/NiOx@C Co-Catalyst Modified ZnIn2S4 for Efficient Photocatalytic Hydrogen Production

Photocatalytic hydrogen production has emerged as one of the most promising approaches for addressing the global energy crisis by enabling the sustainable conversion of solar energy into clean hydrogen fuel. However, its practical application is still hindered by the rapid recombination of photogenerated electron–hole pairs, which severely limits photocatalytic efficiency. Although noble-metal co-catalysts have been demonstrated to markedly promote charge separation and accelerate surface reaction kinetics, their widespread application remains constrained by their high cost and limited availability. In this study, a non-noble Ni/NiOx@C co-catalyst was fabricated and employed to modify ZnIn2S4(ZIS) for photocatalytic hydrogen production. The optimized sample (15Ni/NiOx@C/ZIS) exhibits a hydrogen production rate of 4140.03 μmol/g/h, 18.16 times higher than that of pristine ZIS. This enhancement is primarily attributed to the improved separation and transfer of photogenerated charge carriers facilitated by the Ni/NiOx@C co-catalyst. Notably, the hydrogen evolution rate of 15Ni/NiOx@C/ZIS is 1.33 times higher than that of ZIS/3%Pt, suggesting that Ni/NiOx@C has great potential as a substitute for noble metal Pt. Various characterization results demonstrate that 15Ni/NiOx@C/ZIS exhibits superior photocatalytic performance, ascribed to its enhanced light absorption capability, and efficient separation of photogenerated carriers. Additionally, cycling tests and XRD analysis confirm the excellent stability of 15Ni/NiOx@C/ZIS, indicating its potential for practical applications. This work provides a valuable reference for the rational design and development of efficient and cost-effective non-noble co-catalysts for photocatalytic hydrogen production.

Preparation of indole products from soybean protein pyrolysis catalyzed by Fe and Co modified zeolite

Rongjing Zhang,Yi Zhang,Ziyue Tang,Yingquan Chen,Haiping Yang,Hanping Chen

Protein-rich biomass is a promising feedstock for producing N-containing chemicals via catalytic pyrolysis, yet poor product selectivity remains a critical bottleneck. Therefore, it is of great significance to improve the catalyst activity and catalytic efficiency for the for the highly selective synthesis of N-containing chemicals. This study pioneered bottleneck the modification of HZSM-5 zeolite with Fe and Co for the catalytic pyrolysis of soybean protein to produce indoles. The results indicated that Fe and Co loading reduced the number of Brønsted acid sites on HZSM-5 while generating novel Lewis acid sites, such acid rearrangement improved the yield of liquid oil and facilitated indoles formation. Among monometallic Fe or Co modified HZSM-5, 1   wt% Fe/HZSM-5 obtained the maximum content and selectivity of total indoles (35.5% and 55.6%, respectively). Furthermore, Fe-Co bimetallic modification with Low Fe/Co ratio exists a synergistic effect on indole, but excess Fe is unfavorable for indoles production. Fe 1 Co 3 /HZSM-5 further increased total indoles content and selectivity (37.6% and 61.6%, respectively). The Lewis acid sites were conducive to the formation of indole, Fe 1 Co 3 /HZSM-5 had the highest content of Lewis acid sites. This work provides a novel technical pathway for indole production via catalytic pyrolysis of biomass with endogenous nitrogen.

Synergistic Ti-Ni co-doping enhances the electrochemical performance and densification of LiMn0.6Fe0.4PO4/C cathodes

Long Ye,Juntao Si,Cheng Zhang,Sihan Zeng,Chunhua Chen

Ti-Ni co-doping improves electrochemical kinetics and powder densification. • Dopants Ti and Ni function on the Mn- and Fe-redox regions, respectively. • Powder compaction density increases by 8.5% to 2.04 g cm −3 after Ti-Ni doping. LiMn 0.6 Fe 0.4 PO 4 (LMFP) is a promising high-energy cathode, but its practical application is constrained by sluggish Mn 2+ /Mn 3+ redox kinetics and insufficient powder compaction density (PCD). Herein, Ti-doped, Ni-doped, and Ti–Ni co-doped LMFP/C were prepared by a ball-milling-assisted solid-state route. It is clarified that Ni predominantly accelerates the Fe 2+ /Fe 3+ reaction, whereas Ti promotes the kinetically slower Mn 2+ /Mn 3+ reaction and improves cycling stability. The optimal sample LMFP-2Ti-2Ni delivers 163.1 and 142.9 mAh g −1 at 0.1 and 5 C, respectively, and retains 90.8% of its capacity after 400 cycles at 1 C. Relative to pristine LMFP, the Ti-Ni co-doping increases the 0.1 C capacity from 144.7 to 163.1 mAh g −1 (+12.7%) and the PCD from 1.88 to 2.04 g cm −3 (+8.5%). Also, the relative unit-cell-volume variation decreases from approximately 5.2% to 4.6%, indicating more gradual bulk-lattice evolution. Thus, Ti–Ni co-doping as a complementary strategy can simultaneously improve rate capability, cycling durability, and particle packing in LMFP/C cathodes. Download: Download high-res image (356KB) Download: Download full-size image

Trophic decoupling of soil-nematode microbiomes induced by co‑contamination of silver nanoparticle and oxytetracycline

Xun Han,Junkai Pei,Yan Wang,Yongyan Sun,Fei Zheng

Due to excellent antibacterial properties, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have been widely used as a potential alternative to antibiotics in livestock farming, agricultural disinfection, and medical materials. Consequently, excess AgNPs are released into the soil, co-occurring with other antibiotics, and forming a combined contamination. However, effects of combined contamination with AgNPs and oxytetracycline (OTC) on microbial communities across different trophic levels within the soil micro-food web remain poorly understood. In this study, we systematically compared the differential responses of soil and nematode gut microbiomes using high-throughput sequencing under single and combined contamination (Control, AgNPs, OTC, and combined AgNPs+OTC). The results revealed systematic trophic-level differentiation between soil and nematode gut bacterial community in terms of diversity, community structure, assembly mechanisms, and functional phenotypes. Both communities were dominated by stochastic processes, but nematode gut bacterial community was more strongly influenced by deterministic processes and exhibited higher stability. Pollutant exposure induced pronounced trophic decoupling: soil bacterial community remained structurally stable, whereas nematode gut community underwent significant compositional reassembly ( p  = 0.031) without a change in alpha diversity, indicating a species replacement pattern. AgNPs treatment enriched Escherichia-Shigella , while OTC and co-contamination enriched the potential degrader genera Pontibacter , Sphingomonas , and Sphingobium . Cross-kingdom network analysis showed that co-contamination strengthened network modularity (clustering coefficient 0.84, modularity 53), highlighting the role of shared ASVs as cross-kingdom bridges. This study introduces the concept of pollution-induced trophic decoupling, demonstrating that the impact of co-contamination on adjacent trophic levels is not a simple transmission of effects but rather a systematic decoupling of structure, function, and assembly mechanisms, thereby providing new perspectives for multi-trophic ecological risk assessment of combined pollution.

Lignin/Fe3+ Coordination Networks via PDA/PEI Co-Deposition: A Green Strategy for Multifunctional Coatings

Yue Wang,Shengnan Yang,Jiawei Luo,Xiaodan Liu,Pan Cao

Mechanical components made of aluminum suffer from severe friction, wear, biofouling, and corrosion, yet existing coatings often fail to maintain stable tribological performance under cyclic loading. In this study, a nature-inspired multifunctional coating was fabricated on aluminum via co-deposition of lignin, Fe 3+ , dopamine, and polyethyleneimine (PEI). The Fe 3+ ions coordinate with phenolic hydroxyl groups in lignin while simultaneously participating in Michael addition and Schiff-base reactions with DA and PEI, forming a dense crosslinked network. With an optimal lignin content of 5 wt% (L 5 /DA/PEI), the coating exhibits a significantly reduced coefficient of friction (0.43–0.46) and superior wear resistance, attributed to the lubricating boundary film formed by oxygen-containing groups in lignin. The same coating also demonstrates outstanding adhesion (96.97% residual area) and excellent corrosion resistance in 3.5% NaCl solution. Meanwhile, the coating with 10 wt% lignin (L 10 /DA/PEI) displays remarkable antimicrobial activity against both Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli , benefiting from enhanced Fenton-like reactions that generate toxic hydroxyl radicals. The findings open new avenues for designing eco-friendly, multifunctional protective surfaces for durable aluminum components under complex service environments.

O,N Co-Modulated Carbon Catalysts and Optimized Gas Diffusion Electrodes for Electrochemical H2O2 Production

Yang Tao,Zhu Xiaofeng,Zhang Shicheng

The large-scale production of sustainable aviation fuels (SAFs) heavily relies on hydrogen supply, while traditional hydrogen storage and delivery suffer from safety risks and high cost. Hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) is regarded as a promising hydrogen carrier, which can be produced on-site through a green electrochemical two-electron oxygen reduction reaction (2e – ORR). Herein, oxygen, nitrogen co-modulated carbon (O-NC) catalysts were fabricated by doping N dopants and oxygen-containing functional groups (OFGs). The pyrrolic N is revealed to jeopardize the electronic structure of the NC catalyst, and the OFGs can further regulate the NC matrix for 2e – ORR. As a result, the optimized O-NC-5 catalyst exhibits an excellent H 2 O 2 selectivity of over 80% in both alkaline and neutral electrolytes. After further optimizing Nafion content, catalyst loading, and operating conditions of O-NC-5-based gas diffusion electrodes, the assembled flow cell can deliver a high H 2 O 2 yield of 3.4 mol g cat –1 h –1 and Faradaic efficiency of above 90%, with robust stability over 12 h. This work reveals the synergistic effects of N dopants and OFGs toward 2e – ORR performance and offers a feasible strategy to develop high-performance carbon electrocatalysts and practical electrode systems for green H 2 O 2 production, which supports the SAF synthesis.

Light-Driven Selective Chlorine and Hydrogen Co-Evolution from Seawater via Plasmonic Energetic Carrier Filter

Xi Yuhan,Hu Xinge,Zhang Jinpan,Xu Yuqing,Feng Qianyue,Cao Liu,Ma Yueru,Li Hai,Yan Tianran,Li Chaoran,Zhang Liang,Feng Kai,He Le,An Xingda

Solar-driven chlorine and hydrogen co-evolution from seawater represents an energy-conservating and clean alternative to the conventional chlor-alkali industry. However, sustained and selective chlorine production remains extremely challenging due to competition from the thermodynamically less demanding water oxidation side reaction. In this work, we demonstrate a Ni/Ni 2 SiO 4 plasmonic matrix catalyst that enables a distinct energetic charge carrier filter effect for wavelength-controlled selective chlorine and hydrogen co-production. Based on the distinct energy band structure, the plasmonic-mediated energetic charge filter drives the extraction of higher-energy “hot” holes and lower-energy “cold” electrons, respectively, through lower- and higher-wavelength photons. This phenomenon, combined with hierarchical plasmon coupling and promoted carrier dynamics, collectively led to the cooperative facilitation of both the oxidative and reducing half reactions. In situ spectroscopic investigations point at preferentially promoted chloride adsorption and activation via a two-step, nonradical chlorine evolution pathway, leading to favorable Cl 2 and H 2 yield rates with near-unity Cl 2 selectivity in photocatalytic measurements with seawater. The plasmon-mediated energetic charge carrier filter mechanism opens intriguing pathways for preferential reaction engineering with effective product control.

Enhancing CO Activity and Reducing CH4 Formation of Fe3C by Graphene Oxide during Syngas Conversion

Luo Dan,Wang Rui,Chang Tong,Jia Lijuan,Li Dong,Lu Kuan,Wei Yuxue

The Fischer−Tropsch synthesis (FTS), the key industrial process for the transformation of syngas into valuable chemicals and clean fuels, benefits from advanced catalyst design. Iron carbide nanoparticles (Fe 3 C) and their graphene oxide-derived counterpart (Fe 3 C/Graphene) were successfully synthesized. Fe 3 C/Graphene exhibits a large specific surface area, high pore volume, and abundant surface defective sites provided by the reduced graphene oxide support. Together with the stabilized Fe 3 C active phase, these features promote CO activation and C−C coupling, leading to enhanced CO conversion, higher C 5+ selectivity, and suppressed CH 4 formation comparedwith Fe 3 C. Density functional theory calculations reveal that the improved CO activation on Fe 3 C/Graphene originates from reduced electron transfer and weakened Fe−C and C−O bonds. For Fe 3 C, the rate-determining step is CO* + H* → CHO*, whereas for Fe 3 C/Graphene, the rate-determining step is CHO* → CH* + O*. It also reveals that Fe 3 C/Graphene accelerates this step, corroborating the enhanced CO activation observed experimentally. Furthermore, the simulations confirm that defective graphene significantly raises the effective barrier for methanation, perfectly rationalizing the suppressed CH 4 formation. These findings demonstrate that the introduction of graphene oxide is a effective strategy for tailoring the catalytic performance of Fe-based FTS catalysts.

Nitrogen/Fluorine Co-Doped Carbon Dots as an Electrolyte Additive to Stabilize the Zinc Anode

Lujia Chai,Zhaoen Liu,Yiwen Hu,Yiming Zheng,Yujuan Chen,Liang Zhang,Zihua Yang,Qingpeng Wang,Dong Sun,Kelei Zhuo

The inherent limitations of zinc anodes constrain the performance of zinc-ion batteries (ZIBs). Viable electrolyte additives offer a practical approach for stabilizing the zinc anode interfaces. This work systematically investigates the role of nitrogen/fluorine co-doped carbon dots (NF-CDs) as an electrolyte additive. Theoretical investigations indicate that the nitrogen and fluorine atoms on NF-CDs have stronger binding energies with Zn 2+ than water molecules and Zn 2+ , enabling NF-CDs to partially replace coordinated water within the Zn 2+ solvation sheath and reconstruct the Zn 2+ solvation structure. This mechanism is corroborated by nuclear magnetic resonance and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The reconfigured solvation structure weakens the coordination between the bound water and Zn 2+ , inhibiting water-induced side reactions and enhancing the electrode's electrochemical stability. Concurrently, NF-CDs’ steric hindrance contributes to interfacial stabilization, facilitates the diffusion of solvated Zn 2+ , and mitigates zinc aggregation. Consequently, the zinc-symmetric cells incorporating NF-CDs achieve stable cycling for 1600 h at 1 mA cm −2 , while the zinc-copper cells maintain a 99.67% average coulombic efficiency over 900 cycles. The Zn||NVO (NaV 3 O 8 ·1.5H 2 O) full cell retains a specific capacity of 140 mAh g −1 after 1000 cycles at 5 A g −1 . The results demonstrate the NF-CDs’ potential as additives for enhancing the stability of ZIBs.