BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
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2026
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IF 8.2
Shasha Fang,Ran Hao,Wenjiong Li,Yixin Luo,Fu Li,Qingxin Guan,Jia Wang,Wei Li,Daniel C.W. Tsang
The conversion of biomass-derived levulinic acid (LA) to γ-valerolactone (GVL) offers a sustainable route for chemical production. Achieving efficient and selective electrocatalytic hydrogenation in aqueous media remains challenging due to limited supply of active hydrogen (H*) and selectivity–efficiency trade-off. Herein, we propose an electrochemical reconstruction strategy to generate Pb/PbO nanosheet electrocatalysts that can enable efficient aqueous-phase electrocatalytic hydrogenation of LA to GVL at room temperature, achieving a Faradaic efficiency of 59.2% and a yield rate of 22.2 mg h −1 cm −2 at –1.1 V vs. RHE, outperforming most previously reported aqueous LA-to-GVL systems. In-situ experiments reveal that the superior performance resulted from the synergy of Pb/PbO heterostructures and oxygen vacancies: heterostructures facilitated efficient electron transfer, oxygen vacancies optimized LA adsorption and H* activation, and a high surface area exposed additional active sites. Integration of a flow electrolyzer with an extraction–distillation unit provided continuous LA conversion and high-purity GVL recovery, demonstrating practical feasibility. This work provides a rational design of efficient electrocatalysts for hydrogenation of biomass-derived platform molecules.
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MICROPOROUS AND MESOPOROUS MATERIALS
·
2026
·
IF 4.5
Xiaomei Yang,Mengqing Wang,Ziqing Huang,Lipeng Zhou
The crystallization temperature was investigated for the hydrothermal synthesis of Sn-Beta. The crystallization curves of Sn-Beta at different temperature were performed and the crystal growth activation energy was obtained. The synthesized samples, especially the fully crystallized Sn-Beta, were characterized by XRD, SEM, ICP, UV-vis DRS, XPS, FT-IR spectroscopy of framework vibration and pyridine adsorption. The results indicate that the crystallization time shortened from 7 days to 1 day for Sn-Beta with n Si / n Sn of 100 when the crystallization temperature was increased from 140 °C to 180 °C. But no crystal was obtained as the crystallization temperature was higher than 180 °C. The catalytic performance of the fully crystallized Sn-Beta obtained at different crystallization temperature was slightly different in the conversion of ethyl levulinate (EL) to γ-valerolactone (GVL) and the conversion of glucose to methyl lactate due to the slight difference in silanol defects. Sn-Beta with n Si / n Sn of 80 can also be successfully synthesized after crystallization at 160 °C for 3 d, which shows much higher activity and selectivity than Sn-Beta with n Si / n Sn of 100 for the conversion of EL in high concentration (1.6 mol L −1 ) to GVL.
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JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
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2026
·
IF 6.7
Chi Lei,Qixiu Weng,Ping Song,Yingchun Zhu,Liangzhi Li,Lingzhao Kong,Lishi Yan
β-Glucosidase (BGL) is limited by the catalytic efficiency and environmental tolerance in the biomass biorefinery process. In this study, maleimide and its derivatives were used to modify BGL. FT-IR, circular dichroism, ζ-potential, ultraviolet, and fluorescence were used to characterize the conformational alteration of the thiol-modified enzyme and induced the enhancement of rigidity and substrate affinity. Molecular docking revealed that the modified BGL, especially Moc-Mal-BGL, had lower binding energy (−6.8 kcal mol–1) and shorter average hydrogen bond length (2.018 Å) with the substrate. The activity of Moc-Mal-BGL increased by 110.6% compared with native BGL and realized a 2.6-fold increase in catalytic efficiency kcat/Km (13.92 s–1/mM). The corresponding cellobiose conversion rate increased by 19.0%. Thermal stability, storage stability, solvent (GVL and DMSO) tolerance, and glucose tolerance of Moc-Mal-BGL were significantly improved. This work provides a rapid strategy to improve the catalytic efficiency and environmental tolerance of BGL and investigates the mechanism in depth.
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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
·
2026
·
IF 8.7
Siquan Wu,Xuan He,Xianjiao Wang,Liheng Chen,Jianglin Liu,Shuai Zhao,Xuliang Lin
Solar-driven interfacial evaporation requires photothermal materials that combine efficient solar absorption, continuous water transport, and resistance to salt accumulation. Herein, a lignin nanoparticle-reinforced chitosan hydrogel evaporator (LPCH) was constructed by integrating alkali lignin nanoparticles into a chemically cross-linked chitosan network. The uniformly dispersed lignin nanoparticles functioned as photothermal and nanoreinforcing domains, enhancing light harvesting and increasing the surface temperature to 39.5 °C under 1 sun irradiation. Interactions between the hydroxyl-rich lignin nanoparticles and chitosan regulated the water state within the hydrogel network, increasing the intermediate-water-to-free-water ratio from 0.35 for the chitosan hydrogel (CS) to 1.24 for LPCH and lowering the equivalent evaporation enthalpy to 2085 J g −1 . The optimized LPCH evaporator achieved an evaporation rate of 2.77 kg m −2 h −1 under 1 sun irradiation, together with an apparent solar-to-vapor efficiency of 152.4%. It retained an evaporation rate of 2.29 kg m −2 h −1 in 10 wt% saline water and maintained continuous operation over 10 h in simulated seawater. Outdoor tests using real seawater produced a peak evaporation rate of 3.47 kg m −2 h −1 and a daytime average rate of 2.38 kg m −2 h −1 . These results demonstrate a sustainable strategy for combining lignin-derived photothermal conversion, water-state regulation, and structural reinforcement in biomass-based solar evaporators.
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INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS
·
2026
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IF 6.4
Huachun Qi,Chunfeng Li,Xin Song,Mingli Liu
Wolly bio-based WPU coatings reinforced with surface-engineered CNFs • Silanized CNFs form a hydrophobic cross-linking network in the coating • SiC@BWPU surpasses commercial coatings in hardness and abrasion resistance • Near-complete soil biodegradation achieved within 30 days • Free volume fraction reduced from 54.5% to 20.2% by Si-CNFs Bio-based waterborne polyurethane (BWPU) coatings have drawn attention as renewable alternatives to petroleum-based wood finishes for Larix gmelinii , yet their mechanical strength, hardness, and barrier properties remain insufficient for demanding applications. In this work, cellulose nanofibers (CNFs) extracted from Pennisetum flaccidum were first modified through acetylation, sulfonation, and silanization, and then covalently incorporated into a hyperbranched castor oil-based BWPU as macromolecular cross-linkers and chain extenders. The functional groups grafted onto the CNF surfaces governed the cross-linking density, hydrogen-bond strength, and degree of microphase separation within the cured films, thereby establishing a direct relationship between surface chemistry and coating performance. Among the three modified variants, silanized CNFs (Si-CNFs) constructed a hydrophobic association network that raised the storage modulus from 1315 to 2873 MPa, increased T 10% to 310 °C, and reduced the fractional free volume from 54.5% to 20.2%. The resulting Si-CNF coating achieved a tensile strength of 33.5 MPa and a pendulum hardness of 0.819, and exhibited the lowest water absorption and water vapor transmission rate among all tested formulations, outperforming both a commercial WPU and a wood wax oil benchmark. After 30 days under soil burial conditions, the coating lost approximately 80% of its initial mass. These results demonstrate that surface-engineered CNFs, when covalently integrated into a bio-based polyurethane network, can simultaneously reinforce, toughen, and hydrophobize the coating in a single processing step, providing a practical pathway toward sustainable, high-performance wood protection. Download: Download high-res image (308KB) Download: Download full-size image
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Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering
·
2026
·Vol. 14
·期 5
·124471
·
IF 7.5
Sijun Chen,Yang Liu,Jingrong Liu,Tingwei Zhang,Yongcan Jin,Huining Xiao
Sulfonated carbon materials are promising heterogeneous Brønsted acid catalysts for biomass valorization, but the facile construction of carbon frameworks with accessible acid sites remains challenging. Herein, a sulfonated fructose-based porous nanosheet carbon (SPC) was synthesized via a facile and energy-efficient two-step strategy involving P 2 O 5 -assisted rapid self-propagating carbonization and concentrated sulfuric acid sulfonation, and subsequently employed for fructose dehydration to HMF in a low-boiling 1,4-dioxane/H 2 O solvent system. During carbonization, P 2 O 5 simultaneously promoted fructose carbonization and directed the formation of a porous nanosheet architecture, avoiding conventional high-temperature activation processes. The resulting porous nanosheets provided abundant sites for -SO 3 H grafting and enhanced Brønsted acid site accessibility. Consequently, SPC exhibited efficient catalytic performance for the selective dehydration of fructose, affording an HMF yield of 70.1% at 140 ℃ for 30 min. Moreover, SPC efficiently converted concentrated fructose (1.0 g fructose) to HMF with a 59.4% yield and exhibited moderate recyclability. This work provides a facile strategy for constructing biomass-derived sulfonated carbon solid acids with effectively utilized Brønsted acid sites for biomass upgrading.
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Polymers
·
2025
·Vol. 17
·期 13
·1757
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IF 4.9
Yuexin Tian,Yintao Liu,Haifeng Dong,Xiangjun Liu,Jinjun Huang
Degradable liquid gel plugs are increasingly required for zonal isolation in high-temperature reservoirs, yet their practical deployment is limited by slow internal degradation and insufficient structural failure under diffusive conditions. In this study, a diffusion-driven degradation strategy was developed based on γ-valerolactone and a nonionic fast-penetration agent (Tb), aiming to construct internal pathways and enhance decomposability of a model E51 epoxy–anhydride liquid plug. A multiscale characterization framework, including swelling index evaluation, SEM–EDS, FTIR mapping, CLSM imaging, μ-CT, AFM, and nanoindentation, was applied to investigate degradation behavior under varying temperatures (120–140 °C) and solvent-to-plug ratios (1:1–5:1). The plug exhibited a swelling index of 1.81 in GVL and formed tree-like degradation channels with widths of 20–30 μm. Functional group mapping revealed preferential cleavage of ester and ether bonds at the surface, and mechanical softening (modulus reduction > 57%) was confirmed by AFM and nanoindentation. Higher temperatures and solvent ratios synergistically reduced full degradation time from 84 h to 12 h. These findings validate a “penetration-induced softening–ester bond scission–diffusion channel construction” mechanism, offering an effective design pathway for intelligent degradation control in high-temperature downhole environments.
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Food Chemistry-X
·
2025
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IF 8.2
Yuxin Wang,Jin Liu,Suzhen Li,Jizhen Fu,Xiaowen Wang,Li Li,Xu Jing
The widespread use of triazole fungicides has raised concerns over residual. This study presents an automated, environmentally friendly, simple, and efficient method for detecting triazole fungicides in food samples, utilizing high-throughput liquid processing, dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction, and ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. The automated liquid handling workstation was employed to automate the whole sample pre-treatment process. Fatty acid, bio-based solvent, and saturated sodium chloride solution were used as the extractant, dispersant, and demulsifier, respectively. The whole operation process obviated the use of toxic reagents and eliminated the need for time-consuming centrifugation. The linear ranged from 0.01 to 1 μg L −1 with limits of detection and quantification of 0.003 μg L −1 and 0.01 μg L −1 , respectively. Ten triazole fungicides were successfully detected in food samples with recoveries of 70.1 %–105.7 %. The automation of dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction demonstrates huge potential for broad applicability within the field of food safety testing.
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Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering
·
2025
·
IF 7.2
Xi Cheng,Qingge Feng,Dachao Ma,Yuan Qi,Lin Feng,Fanghong Qin,Xiaodie Cheng,Xu Zeng
A novel organosolv pretreatment method using solid acid CH₃-SBA-15-SO₃H as a catalyst was developed to overcome the challenges posed by lignin and hemicellulose in rice husk to cellulose conversion, thereby improving the yield of levulinic acid. Through systematic optimization of pretreatment conditions, complete removal of lignin and substantial reduction of hemicellulose from rice husk were achieved within only 40 min at 150 °C, with a minimal cellulose loss of merely 4.8 %. In the γ-valerolactone/water co-solvent system, the presence of both hemicellulose and lignin was found to reduce the yield of levulinic acid. By adopting a two-step process with rice husk as the feedstock, the yield of levulinic acid was significantly increased by 1.77 times. These findings deepen our understanding of biomass conversion and highlight the promising application prospects of solid acid catalysis in sustainable chemical synthesis.
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FUEL
·
2026
·
IF 7.8
Haibiao Yu,Yudong Li,Yuanting Du,Ruixi Yang,Weijun Shan,Yuejiao Wang,Ruan Chi,Ying Xiong
The catalytic production of butene from biomass-derived γ-valerolactone (GVL) plays a crucial role in advancing sustainable energy development. In this paper, MCM-48 featuring a large surface area and ordered three-dimensional mesoporous structure, was prepared using a hydrothermal method with CTAB as the template agent. The final solid acid x wt%Al-MCM-48 catalysts were then synthesized via a simple impregnation method, using AlCl 3 as the aluminum source and ethanol as the solvent. It was found that aluminum species exist on the surface of MCM-48 in tetra-, quintu-, and hexa -coordinated forms, which leads to the formation of a substantial number of weak Brønsted and Lewis acid sites. Although the introduction of Al species further reduces the specific surface area of the catalyst, the optimal 9wt%Al-MCM-48 catalyst still maintains a high value of 651 m 2 ·g −1 , with the largest number of weak acid sites, amounting to 0.60 mmol·g −1 . The ordered three-dimensional mesoporous structure, large number of surface weak acid sites, and suitable ratio of Brønsted to Lewis acid endow the 9wt%Al-MCM-48 catalyst with high catalytic activity for the conversion GVL to butene. Upon optimization of the reaction parameters, the 9wt%Al-MCM-48 catalyst achieves a butene yield of over 90% within a 90 min reaction period at 300 °C. Further evaluation of the catalyst’s cycling stability revealed that it maintains 74% of butene yield following five consecutive cycles.
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BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
·
2026
·
IF 9
Rui Gao,Zekai Jin,Lidong Li,Chenhuan Lai,Xueni Sun,Fuxiang Chu,Yupeng Liu,Shishuai Gao,Daihui Zhang
The use of non-degradable polymer films has raised urgent environmental concerns, prompting the development of biodegradable alternatives with robust mechanical performance; however, the heterogeneous structure and poor interfacial compatibility of lignin often limit its reinforcing efficiency in polymer matrices. Herein, a green γ-valerolactone–gallic acid solvent system was developed for in situ lignin modification during pretreatment, enabling controlled structural reorganization and interfacial engineering within the polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) matrix. GA incorporation increased the density of polar functional groups and enhanced hydrogen bonding interactions with PVA chains, leading to improved interfacial compatibility and a more uniform polymer network. The resulting film demonstrated improved mechanical properties—tensile strength (∼46 MPa), Young’s modulus (0.22 GPa), and toughness (70 MJ·m −3 ). Lignin integration enhanced water resistance and imparted efficient photothermal conversion, enabling stable cyclic heating under solar irradiation. This strategy provides a viable approach for developing biodegradable films that combine mechanical integrity with multifunctionality.
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Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering
·
2026
·Vol. 14
·期 2
·121271
·
IF 7.2
He Wan,Fanqi Yan,Yue Zhao,Yongwei Han,Zhong Sun,Xixin Duan
Biomass is a promising raw material to prepare green solvent of γ -valerolactone (GVL). A series of Ru-substituted vanadium-containing polyoxometalates (POMs) of Ru n /3 H 4- n PMo 11 VO 40 ( n = 1, 2, 3, 4) and Ru n /3 H 5- n PMo 10 V 2 O 40 ( n = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5) were prepared, which were loaded on metal organic frameworks (MOFs) to afford POMs@MOF with adjusting strong oxidizing abilities. This paper focused on the effects of POMs@MOF on improving the yield and selectivity of GVL in a green system of formic acid (FA) and water. When cellulose, glucose, and levulinic acid (LA) were used as substrates, the yields of GVL were 43.2 %, 69.7 %, and 98.3 % with the selectivity of 48.0 %, 71.9 %, and 99.3 %, respectively. The results indicate that the strong oxidizing ability of POMs favors the conversion of biomass to GVL. The proposed catalytic system greatly reduces the use of noble metal Ru while enhancing the catalytic transfer hydrogenation performances. The adjustment of the proportion of Ru in POMs can provide efficient and promising catalytic systems for one-pot production of GVL from biomass with different structures.
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