Advanced Science
·
2026
·
IF 14.1
Ting Li,Jian Wu,Sheng-Yang Zhou,Ming-An Li,Li-Ping Zhao,Ao Wang,Yi-Zhi Song,Wen-Yan Huang,Lu-Lu Tan,Chen-Meng Qiao,Wei-Jiang Zhao,Chun Cui,Yan-Qin Shen
Dietary interventions alleviate Parkinson's disease (PD) progression by modulating the gut microbiota. However, the interaction between time-restricted feeding (TRF) and dietary protein composition remains unclear. This study examines the effects of casein (animal-derived) and soy protein (plant-derived) on PD pathology in an MPTP-induced mouse model and their influence on TRF efficacy. MPTP induces dopaminergic neuron loss and neuroinflammation regardless of protein source, but casein-fed mice show partial motor dysfunction and gut barrier disruption, whereas soy protein-fed mice maintain motor function and barrier integrity. TRF differentially modulates PD outcomes: in casein-fed mice, it alleviates partial motor deficits by suppressing monoamine oxidase B (MAO-B) and reducing dopamine (DA) metabolism, without rescuing DA levels or neuron survival. In soy protein-fed mice, TRF suppresses MAO-B, preserves dopaminergic neurons, restores DA levels, and reduces neuroinflammation. Analysis of gut microbiota and metabolomics suggests that TRF may reduce Allobaculum and branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) in casein-fed mice, while increasing Akkermansia and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) in soy protein-fed mice. Mechanistic assays suggest that Allobaculum and BCAAs impair gut barrier function and aggravate inflammation. In conclusion, TRF exerts protein-dependent neuroprotective effects, with soy protein combined with TRF offering a promising dietary strategy for PD management.
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ACS Applied Nano Materials
·
2026
·
IF 5.8
Huan Tian,Feng-Lei Jiang
Perovskite nanocrystals (NCs) exhibit intrinsic chemical instability due to their ionic nature. This property renders them susceptible to structural degradation and optical performance deterioration upon exposure to various cations (both inorganic and organic ions). For instance, Cs+ can induce phase transformation and photoluminescence quenching in the CsPbBr3 NCs. In this work, we found that externally introduced metal cations exert diverse effects (classified as three types) on the structure and optical properties of CsPbBr3 NCs. Notably, certain cations, such as Zn2+ and Cd2+, can bind to the surface and shield nanocrystals against the detrimental effects of exogenous cations. The protection effects were observed by both optical spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy. Pretreatment with both ZnBr2 and CdBr2 significantly enhances the resistance of CsPbBr3 NCs to structurally or optically detrimental exogenous cations (Cs+). Moreover, with didodecyldimethylammonium bromide (DDAB) simultaneously incorporated in this pretreatment, the pretreated CsPbBr3 NCs exhibit enhanced resistance to polar solvents (e.g., ethanol), manifesting as keeping stable and bright even when exposed to 20% (volume percentage) of ethanol. These three components (ZnBr2, CdBr2, and DDAB) exhibit complementary functions for chemical stability. This stability-preserving strategy is expected to enhance the robustness of perovskite NCs against complex chemical conditions encountered during the device fabrication process (solution processing and interlayer interface engineering) and operating environments.
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PHYTOTHERAPY RESEARCH
·
2026
·
IF 8.1
Long Cheng,Minghong Gan,Huiyang Wang,Yanru Song,Yang Bai,Dongfang Zhang
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a chronic disease that seriously threatens human health. Puerarin, the primary bioactive component of Pueraria lobata , alleviates T2D through multiple mechanisms, including protection of pancreatic β-cells, enhancement of insulin sensitivity, and antioxidant effects. However, its specific mechanisms of action against T2D remain incompletely understood. This study aimed to investigate the curative effects of puerarin in ameliorating glucose and lipid metabolism disorders in T2D mice by preserving gut microbiota homeostasis and promoting adipose tissue thermogenesis. To achieve this, 16S rRNA gene sequencing and metabolomics were employed to assess its effects on gut microbiota and fecal metabolites, while qRT-PCR and western blot were conducted to evaluate its impact on the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (AKT)/peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) signaling pathway. The results demonstrated that puerarin promoted gut microbiota homeostasis and elevated butyrate levels. Specifically, it increased the abundance of beneficial bacteria (Lactobacillaceae, Muribaculaceae, and Akkermansiaceae) and reduced the abundance of harmful bacteria (Desulfovibrionaceae, Marinifilaceae, and Helicobacteraceae). Moreover, puerarin enhanced brown adipose tissue (BAT) activity via the PI3K/AKT pathway and induced a browning phenotype in white adipose tissue (WAT) through the PPARγ pathway. These effects promoted mitochondrial biosynthesis, lipolysis, glucose utilization, and energy expenditure. Puerarin also increased glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) secretion, thereby further improving insulin sensitivity. In conclusion, this study confirms that puerarin improves glucose and lipid metabolism disorders in T2D mice by regulating gut microbiota homeostasis and promoting adipose tissue thermogenesis, which holds considerable potential for the treatment of T2D.
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CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS
·
2026
·
IF 13.2
Liling Fu,Yanan Ren,Conghe Zhang,Wei Yang,Qisheng Tian,Guixiang Zhou,Tian Xu,Changhong Liu,Lei Zheng
In this study, n-butyric acid-modified high-amylose corn starch (NBA-HACS) with varying degrees of substitution (DS ≈ 0.1, 0.2, 0.3) was synthesized via carbodiimide-mediated esterification and employed to fabricate Pickering emulsions for resveratrol encapsulation and delivery. Structural characterization confirmed successful grafting of n-butyric acid onto the C-6 hydroxyl groups of native high-amylose corn starch (NA-HACS), enhancing particle hydrophobicity. The contact angle increased from 24.6° (NA-HACS) to 86.3° (NBA-HACS), indicating a pronounced enhancement in particle dual wettability. NBA-HACS3 formed stable Pickering emulsions at 10% (w/v) concentration and oil-to-water ratios of 4:6 and 5:5, maintaining structural integrity across pH 1–11 and remaining stable after 90 days of storage. NBA-HACS3 achieved high resveratrol encapsulation efficiency (90.3%) and exhibited excellent retention under thermal (37 °C, 35 days) and UV conditions (11 h ). In vitro digestion studies revealed that NBA-HACS3 emulsions enhanced resveratrol bioaccessibility to 38%, five times higher than the control. This resulted from efficient interfacial encapsulation enabled by increased hydrophobicity, enhanced acid resistance preserving droplet integrity under gastric conditions, and improved micellar solubilization during intestinal digestion. This establishes an effective modification strategy for enhancing starch-based particle emulsifying performance, offering a promising food-grade delivery system for hydrophobic bioactives in functional food applications.
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Foods
·
2026
·Vol. 15
·期 7
·1131
·
IF 6
Jiyu Nie,Danying Chen,Chengfeng Yu,Zengliang Jiang,Haibo Pan,Xingqian Ye,Shiguo Chen
Carrageenan (CGN) is widely used in processed foods and is typically supplied as a commercial preparation blended with other hydrocolloids to improve gelling properties, rather than as a single purified polymer. However, safety evaluations and mechanistic studies have largely focused on CGN in isolation; as a result, the biological effects of commercial CGN preparations (CGNPs) under realistic exposure conditions are still insufficiently characterized. In this study, the structural characteristics of three commercial food-grade CGNPs intended for meat products, soft sweets, and jelly were investigated. Furthermore, their effects on colitis were assessed, along with their impacts on the gut microbiota and related metabolites. The results indicated that all three CGNPs were κ-type, but differed in monosaccharide composition and molecular weight, which may contribute to their biological differences. In vivo, the CGNP intended for soft sweets significantly reduced the disease activity index (n= 6/group,p< 0.05) and helped maintain colon length (n= 6/group,p< 0.05). This CGNP also markedly reduced the abundance ofEscherichia-ShigellaandHelicobacter, while increasing propionate levels (n= 6/group,p< 0.05). In contrast, CGNPs intended for meat products and jelly tended to exacerbate colitis and increased the abundance ofEnterococcus, a genus associated with colitis. These findings reveal the application-specific biological effects of commercial food-grade CGNPs and provide a basis for optimizing the application of these preparations in the food industry.
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JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE
·
2026
·
IF 4
Min Zhuang,Sheng Ke,Xuanyu Wang,Anqi Wang,Ming Ning,Chris Blanchard,Bing Wang,Zhongkai Zhou,Guohua Zhao
BACKGROUND The coexistence of non-starch polysaccharides and resistant starch (RS) impacts the physiological functions of dietary fiber, especially the availability of dietary fiber with some specific structures (e.g. insoluble dietary fiber, IDF). Therefore, three complexes with different ratios of RS/IDF from tiger nuts were prepared, followed by an investigation of their corresponding physicochemical and structural properties, as well as the regulatory role in gut microbiota. RESULTS The results indicated that the complex with RS/IDF ratio of 5/95 (H-IDF) had the greatest water retention, water swelling and oil retention capacities. All three complexes had a similar amylopectin/amylose ratio, which attenuated the impact on microbial fermentation. However, the complex with RS/IDF ratio of 40/60 (L-IDF) had the greatest potential to promote microbial fermentation demonstrated by severe morphological damage. Furthermore, the fermentation of L-IDF led to the greatest generation of acetate and butyrate, but the lowest generation of isobutyrate. Meanwhile, the fermentation of L-IDF enhanced Prevotella abundance, accompanied by a reduced Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio and pathogenic bacteria in terms of Proteobacteria and Escherichia-Shigella . The increased butyrate levels during 24 h fermentation might be primarily due to the enhanced abundance of Faecalibacterium in the early phases and Bifidobacterium in the later phases. The further analysis of functional prediction consistently supported a significantly up-regulated carbohydrate metabolism and down-regulated amino acid metabolism following L-IDF fermentation. CONCLUSION This study might highlight a new approach for designing complex carbohydrates with targeted intestinal health functions via the regulation of the RS/IDF ratio. © 2026 Society of Chemical Industry.
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CHEMISTRY & BIODIVERSITY
·
2026
·Vol. 23
·期 3
·e03104
·
IF 2.9
Yingjian Lu,Le Li,Zhuolun Xin,Xiangfei Li
UC is a globally escalating intestinal disorder with limited safe and effective interventions. This study investigated the synergistic therapeutic effects and mechanisms of Lactobacillus johnsonii 46 ( L. johnsonii 46) (a feruloyl esterase-producing strain) and rice bran (LJRB) on DSS-induced UC in C57BL/6J mice. The animal groups were divided into control group (CON), DSS group (MOD), sulfasalazine group (SUL), rice bran group (RBN), L. johnsonii 46 group (LAJ), and LJRB treatment group (RBL). The organ index, disease index, and biochemical indicators of mice were measured, the histopathology of the colon was analyzed. The expression of inflammatory factor, tight junction protein and TLRs/TRAF6/NF-κB signaling pathway genes were detected by Real-Time Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-qPCR). LJRB supplementation exerted superior protective effects compared to single rice bran (RBN) or L. johnsonii 46 (LAJ) intervention: it significantly alleviated DSS-induced weight loss (RBL group: 1.46 ± 0.21 g vs. MOD group: ∼3 g, p < 0.05), restored colon length, and reduced the disease activity index (DAI) by ∼50%. Biochemical and molecular analyses showed LJRB remarkably suppressed serum pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-6; 40%–60% reduction vs. MOD group) while elevating anti-inflammatory IL-10 (∼35% increase), enhanced colonic antioxidant capacity (reduced MDA by ∼30% and increased SOD, GSH, GSH-Px by 25%–40%), and enriched cecal short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) with acetic acid (0.99 µmol/g), propionic acid (0.31 µmol/g), and butyric acid (0.21 µmol/g) significantly higher than the MOD group. Mechanistically, LJRB synergistically inhibited the TLRs/TRAF6/NF-κB signaling pathway, as indicated by downregulated mRNA expression of TLR4, MyD88, IKKβ, and NF-κB p65 (30%–50% reduction vs. MOD group) and decreased phosphorylation of IKKβ, IκBα, and NF-κB p65 proteins. Histopathological observations confirmed LJRB preserved colon tissue integrity, reduced goblet cell loss, and alleviated mucosal erosion and edema. Collectively, these findings demonstrate LJRB alleviates UC through multi-targeted mechanisms (anti-inflammation, antioxidation, SCFA production promotion, and nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) pathway inhibition), highlighting its potential as a novel natural dietary supplement for UC prevention and management. Graphical Synergistic protective effects of rice bran combined with Lactobacillus johnsonii 46 on DSS-induced ulcerative colitis in mice: Evaluated by clinical, biochemical, histopathological and molecular biological assays.
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JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY A
·
2026
·
IF 4
Chenqing Zhang,Juan Zhang,Zhiyu Zhang,Jing Yan,Zhuoyue Hou,Shusheng Zhang,Kai Hu
Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) are key biomarkers of gut microbiota activity and are implicated in various metabolic, inflammatory, and neurological diseases. This study fabricated a phenothiazine-based hyper-crosslinked polymer (PTZ-HCP) and applied it as a solid-phase microextraction (SPME) fiber coating for the analysis of nine SCFAs in rat feces by gas chromatography with flame ionization detection (GC-FID). The prepared PTZ-HCP was characterized by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, N 2 adsorption-desorption measurements, and thermogravimetric analysis. These analyses confirmed its successful synthesis and revealed a porous structure, high specific surface area, and excellent thermal stability. Owing to these structural advantages and the capability for multiple functional groups, the PTZ-HCP coatings demonstrated outstanding extraction efficiency and high adsorption capacity for SCFAs. An SPME/GC-FID method using PTZ-HCP coated fibers were established and validated. The validation results demonstrated significant advantages, including a wide linear range (1.0 × 10 -3 -0.50 μg·mL -1 for 2-methylvaleric acid; 1.0 × 10 -3 -2.0 μg·mL -1 for 4-methylvaleric acid), low LODs (3.0 × 10 -4 μg·mL -1 for 2-methylvaleric acid and 4-methylvaleric acid), and good precision (≤ 9.5%). This work presents a novel SPME coating material that effectively addresses key challenges in the extraction and analysis of SCFAs in rat fecal samples. Moreover, it verifies that Coptis chinensis modulates gut microbiota by altering SCFA levels, thereby offering important insights for research on the pathological mechanisms and treatment of Parkinson’s disease.
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Food Science & Nutrition
·
2026
·
IF 5
Shuzhen Fang,Kangyi Zhang,Xiang Fang,Danqing Liu,Yulong Yang,Guijie Chen,Wenming Yang
Wilson's disease (WD) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder characterized by impaired copper metabolism and progressive multi‐organ damage. Emerging evidence suggests that gut microbiota dysbiosis and reduced microbial fermentation capacity may contribute to the progression of liver diseases. However, whether the gut microbiota can serve as a therapeutic target in WD remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the modulatory effects of Lycium barbarum polysaccharides (LBPs), a bioactive component of the traditional Chinese medicine Gan‐Dou‐Fu‐Mu decoction, on gut microbiota composition and short‐chain fatty acids (SCFAs) production in WD, and to explore their potential as microbiota‐targeted prebiotic interventions. WD‐associated microbiota exhibited decreased microbial diversity and significantly lower SCFAs production, particularly acetic acid and total SCFAs, compared to healthy controls. LBPs supplementation significantly increased the relative abundances of beneficial genera, including Lactobacillus , Lacticaseibacillus , and Paraeggerthella , as well as SCFAs‐producing species such as Bacteroides fragilis and Lactobacillus delbrueckii . Notably, LBPs markedly enhanced acetic acid and total SCFA concentrations in WD microbiota, outperforming the standard treatment agent penicillamine. These findings highlight the promising prebiotic potential of LBPs and support their application as a novel microbiota‐targeted adjunctive therapy for WD. Schematic overview of the experimental workflow investigating the effects of LBPs on gut microbiota.
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Materials
·
2026
·Vol. 19
·期 7
·1337
·
IF 3.7
Xiaogong Lv,Shumin Zhang,Yanchun Yang,Guonan Cui,Wenliang Fan,Xing Yue
Cu 2 ZnSn(S,Se) 4 (CZTSSe) is a candidate thin-film photovoltaic material; however, its performance is restricted by innate defect-induced nonradiative recombination. Low-concentration Ge doping has been identified as an efficient way to mitigate these defects, but the selenization temperature remains an important process parameter that governs the structure and optoelectronic characteristics of CZTSSe absorbers. In the present work, low-concentration Ge-doped Cu 2 ZnSn 0.95 Ge 0.05 S 4 (CZTGS) precursor films were synthesized through a green, n-butylammonium butyrate-based solution approach. The effects of the selenization temperature (530–570 °C) on the microstructure, composition, and photovoltaic performance of Cu 2 ZnSn 0.95 Ge 0.05 (S,Se) 4 (CZTGSSe) films and devices were comprehensively investigated. X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometer (EDS), atomic force microscopy (AFM) were performed to comprehensively characterize the synthesized samples, and the results suggested that the selenization temperature dramatically altered the film grain growth, crystallinity, elemental retention and surface roughness. Specifically, the film that underwent selenization at 550 °C presented the best crystallinity, which was accompanied by large-scale even grains, efficient Ge 4+ addition to the kesterite lattice and the lowest surface roughness. These better properties in terms of structure and composition resulted in the lowest carrier transport resistance ( R s = 8.6 Ω∙cm 2 ), improved recombination resistance ( R j = 5.9 kΩ∙cm 2 ), inhibited nonradiative recombination, and prolonged carrier lifetime ( τ EIS = 35.8 μs). Therefore, the resulting CZTGSSe thin-film solar cell had an 8.69% better power conversion efficiency (PCE), while its open-circuit voltage ( V OC ) was 0.42 V, the fill factor (FF) was 55.51%, and the short-circuit current density ( J SC ) was 37.71 mA·cm −2 . Our results elucidate the mechanism by which the selenization temperature regulates low-concentration Ge-doped kesterite devices and provide more insights into the optimization of processes for cost-effective, high-performance, and green thin-film solar cells.
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ACS Catalysis
·
2026
·
IF 13.6
Zhaowei Tian,Lei Wang,Yuan Deng,Luxuan Sun,Shijie Zhou,Zhitong Qian,Xun Zhao,Xin Zhang,Yusen Yang,Min Wei
Single-atom catalysts (SACs) with explicit active sites have shown advantages in heterogeneous catalytic reactions; however, the optimization of their performance in multistep tandem reactions [e.g., hydrodeoxygenation-isomerization (HIS) reaction in biomass conversion] remains a formidable challenge. Herein, we report a metal–acid bifunctional catalyst that is featured with Ni single atoms immobilized into the montmorillonite (MMT) framework via isomorphous substitution, followed by surface acid modification. The optimized 0.4 wt % Ni/MMT-IA catalyst exhibits prominent catalytic performance toward one-pot HIS reaction of palmitic acid with an iso-alkanes yield of 80.3%, which is preponderant to the state-of-the-art catalysts. Furthermore, the obtained catalyst not only displays durability for 30 reaction cycles (240 h, 300 °C), but also demonstrates universality in HIS reactions of 10 bio-oils. By virtue of in situ spectroscopy characterizations and theoretical calculations, we substantiate a two-step consecutive reaction pathway, including *COOH hydrodeoxygenation and *COH hydroisomerization. The single-atom metal–Brønsted acid site (Niδ+-O(H)) serves as the intrinsic active center, which significantly promotes the rate-determining step (β-H scission of the carbonium ion intermediate), resulting in the extraordinarily high yield of iso-alkanes. This work provides a feasible method for the design and preparation of high-performance SACs, which shows prospective applications in biofuel synthesis.
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JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
·
2026
·
IF 6.7
Zhang Xin,Wang Zhitong,Wu Sifan,Hao Jingyu,Jia Xiuzhen,Zhao Zifu,Duan Sufang,Liu Zhigang,Liu Xuebo,Lu Yanhui,Yuan Tian
Mulberry,
a traditional medicinal and edible plant rich in polysaccharides
and flavonoids, has potential in regulating emotional behaviors. This
study compared emulsified mulberry extract (EME) and aqueous mulberry
extract (AME) on anxiety- and depression-like behaviors in male C57BL/6J
mice exposed to chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS), and explored
the underlying mechanisms of EME. EME alleviated anxiety- and depression-like
behaviors more effectively than AME, with superior colloidal stability
and dispersion. Metabolomic profiling revealed higher relative abundances
of carbohydrates, eicosanoids, and flavonoids in EME. EME remodeled
the gut microbiota–short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) axis, enhanced
colonic barrier integrity, reduced serum lipopolysaccharide and proinflammatory
cytokines, decreased stress hormone levels, elevated 5-hydroxytryptamine,
and suppressed hippocampal glial activation while preserving neuronal
integrity. Correlation analyses linked gut microbiota, SCFAs, hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal
axis activity, and behavioral phenotypes. These findings indicate
that emulsification enhances the bioactivity of whole-component mulberry
extracts, supporting their potential as natural food-based interventions
for emotional disorders.
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