Separations
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2026
·Vol. 13
·期 8
·233
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IF 3.5
Jiawei Wang,Meiqin Zheng
A new efficient coupled process to produce green solvent ethyl propionate was developed, which involved a fixed-bed reactor and pervaporation membrane separation. Firstly, the esterification reaction alone was investigated to explore reaction conditions and kinetics. Secondly, the pervaporation alone was investigated to explore separation conditions and the separation performance of pervaporation membranes. Then, the esterification reaction, coupled with pervaporation to enhance the reaction process, was investigated. Finally, the mathematical model of the esterification reaction, coupled with the pervaporation process, was established. The results showed that the conversion of ethanol reached 78.4% within 5 h. The reaction kinetics were obtained based on the pseudo-homogeneous (PH) model. Under the condition of a circulation flow rate of 100 L/h, the influence of concentration polarization could be well overcome, and a high level of pervaporation could be achieved. The pervaporation coefficients of the four-component system were obtained based on Fick’s law. The dehydration rate increased significantly with the increase in pervaporation temperature, which could effectively enhance the esterification reaction. The model could well predict the experimental results, and the experimental results were in good agreement with the theoretical calculations.
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FOOD CHEMISTRY
·
2026
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IF 10.4
Yukun Yang,Jian Liu,Rong Guo,Baoqing Bai,Tao Bo,Jinhua Zhang,Ligang Yu,Huilin Liu,Ying Zhang,Shuo Wang
A three-channel sensor array based on Au@Pt NPs was constructed. • Au@Pt NPs with dual-function characteristics was designed. • Discrimination of light aroma-type Baijiu (LAB) was achieved. • Different years, production processes, price gradients, and adulterated were analyzed. • This method highlighted simple to operate, rapid in detection. The development of light aroma-type Baijiu (LAB) industry proposes a growing need for developing rapid and accurate discrimination method for the quality control of LAB. This study innovatively constructed a dual-mode three-channel sensor array based on the gold/platinum nanoparticles (Au@Pt NPs) with surface engineering. In this case, two colorimetric sensor channels based on ascorbic acid/para-aminophenol-chloroauric acid-nanozyme (AA/ pAP-HAuCl₄-Au@Pt NPs) and one fluorescent sensor channel based on nanozyme‑hydrogen peroxide- o -phenylenediamine (Au@Pt NPs-H₂O₂-OPD) were established. Experimental results demonstrate the colorimetric and fluorescence mode can accurately quantify four organic acids and three aldehydes in Baijiu, respectively. Samples including 17 different years and 9 different production processes of basic liquors of LAB, 48 different price gradients of commercial LAB, and adulterated LAB were analyzed. Discrimination with an accuracy exceeding 96% by Linear Discriminant Analysis, Hierarchical Cluster Analysis, and leave-one-out cross-validation was achieved. The dual-mode three-channel sensor array is characterized by simplicity, rapidity and accuracy, providing a new idea for the quality discrimination and market regulation of Baijiu.
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FOOD RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL
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2026
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IF 8.8
Lingjin Li,Mengyuan Qin,Zhiqiang Xu,Yuanteng Xu,Yan Hong,Li Cheng,Zhengbiao Gu
The esterase-mediated esterolysis is the key for specific butyrate production. • Carboxylesterase assay verified the involvement of esterases during the fermentation. • The classical metabolic pathway for nonspecific butyrate production is altered. Butyrylated starch is a special type-4 resistant starch with butyrate-carrying attribute. In this study, the unique butyrate-producing capability of butyrylated starch was deeply investigated by focusing on its specific and nonspecific butyrate-producing pathways, respectively, using specially designed substrates as controls. In vitro fermentation studies revealed that butyrylated and isobutyrylated starches generated high levels of butyrate and isobutyrate, respectively, highlighting the role of butyryl group metabolism in the specificity of butyrate production. Carboxylesterase assays have demonstrated that butyryl group metabolism is primarily facilitated by carbohydrate esterases expressed in the gut microbiota. Combined with 16S rRNA sequencing and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis, it was found that butyrylated starch fermentation did not significantly enhance traditional butyrate synthesis pathways but modified the balance between the butyryl-CoA:acetyl-CoA transferase and butyrate kinase pathways by altering the gut microbiota composition, specifically by upregulating the relative abundance of indicator species such as Bacteroides , the Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136_group , and Parabacteroides . These insights offer theoretical guidance for designing butyrylated starch structures and regulating intestinal health. Download: Download high-res image (169KB) Download: Download full-size image
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Frontiers in Pharmacology
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2026
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IF 5.4
Nan Hu,Minyan Qian,Yanru Liu,Zhenwei Jiang,Caomei Xu,Wenting Zhang,Jingting Jiang
Backgroud Immunosuppressant tacrolimus (TAC) induces glucose metabolism disorder and diabetes mellitus (DM) closely associated with intestinal microbiota dysbiosis and reduced bile acid levels, and this study aimed to explore the ameliorative effect and underlying mechanism of hyodeoxycholic acid (HDCA) on TAC-induced DM in rat models. Methods We first verified the critical role of intestinal microbiota and bile acids in the pathogenesis of TAC-induced DM via antibiotic-induced gut microbiota depletion, then orally administered HDCA (100 mg/kg) to TAC-induced diabetic rats to evaluate its protective efficacy, detecting glycolipid metabolism indices, targeted bile acid omics, FXR/TGR5 protein expression, serum and ileal GLP/FGF15 levels, and mRNA levels of key metabolic genes including Cyp7a1, Cyp27a1, Cyp7b1, Cyp8b1, Fgfr4, Creb1 and Ppargc1a . Results Antibiotic treatment significantly reduced BSH-active gut microbiota such as Bacteroides and Lactobacillus , disrupting the serum bile acid pool and exacerbating diabetic symptoms by altering the gut microbiota-bile acid axis; while HDCA administration markedly improved glucose tolerance and reshaped bile acid profiles in TAC-induced diabetic rats, specifically lowering serum and fecal 12-OH/Non-12-OH BAs ratio via downregulating hepatic Cyp7a1 and upregulating hepatic Cyp8b1 expression. HDCA also suppressed enteroendocrine cell-derived GLP-1 secretion, decreased serum and ileal FGF15 levels, and reduced the expression of ileal FXR as well as hepatic Creb1 and Ppargc1a. Conclusions Collectively, HDCA exerts a significant ameliorative effect on TACinduced DM by regulating metabolic enzymes and altering bile acid profiles, with the core mechanism involving inhibited enterohepatic FXR-FGF15 axis, increased GLP-1 secretion and suppressed hepatic gluconeogenesis, all of which play key regulatory roles in this protective process.
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Current Research in Food Science
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2026
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IF 7.7
Kai Na,Cheng Chao,Tianfei Yu,Liqun Wang,Xiaotong Liu,Li Zhang,Kejue Feng,Junhua Lei,Yu Xiong,Xiaohua Guo
2′-Fucosyllactose (2′-FL), the most abundant human milk oligosaccharide (HMO), exhibits potent anti-inflammatory properties, yet the underlying mechanisms remain incompletely understood. This study employed an integrated approach combining in vitro fermentation systems, Caco-2 cell assays, in vivo murine colitis models, and molecular docking simulations to elucidate the dual mechanisms of 2′-FL action. In vitro fermentation revealed that 2′-FL selectively enhanced propionate and butyrate production while enriching Bacteroides acidifaciens and Allobaculum stercoricanis , key short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs)-producing taxa. In enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC)-infected Caco-2 cells, 2′-FL suppressed TLR4/p38 MAPK signaling and inflammation, an effect mirrored by propionate and butyrate. Similarly, in the dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced mouse colitis model, 2′-FL inhibited this signaling pathway, alleviated inflammation, and, in parallel, specifically elevated levels of propionate and butyrate. Molecular docking analyses also indicated that 2′-FL and its metabolites, propionate and butyrate, exhibit binding to the TLR4–MD2 complex with specific affinity. These results support a coordinated mechanism whereby 2′-FL alleviates intestinal inflammation through putative TLR4 antagonism and the microbiota-derived SCFAs, both of which converge to modulate the TLR4/p38 MAPK-dependent signaling axis. Our work provides a mechanistic foundation for 2′-FL as a precision prebiotic targeting gut inflammation via host-microbe crosstalk.
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Frontiers in Microbiology
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2026
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IF 5.8
Mengting Li,Shuiming Xiao,Yanli Wang,Tao Li,Qin Hu,Lijinchuan Dong,Yuxuan Guo,Zhe Shi,Qing Yang,Weiyan Cai,Qi Li,Bo Peng,Pengyue Li,Xiaogang Weng,Yajie Wang,Yujie Li,Yu Dong,Xiaoxin Zhu,Zipeng Gong,Ying Chen
Introduction Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a typical disorder of gut-brain interaction (DGBI). The microbiota-gut-brain (MGB) axis is pivotal in preventing and treating IBS. Wuji Pill is a traditional Chinese medicine commonly used to treat IBS. This study aimed to investigate the mechanism by which Wuji Pill improves IBS via the MGB axis. Methods The visceral sensitivity and colonic motor function were evaluated using the abdominal wall withdrawal reflex test and the colonic motility curve. Depression-like behavior were evaluated using sucrose preference test, open field test, novelty-suppressed feeding test, and forced swimming tests. The intestinal mucus secretion and the activation status of microglia was detected using AB-PAS staining and immunofluorescence staining, respectively. The species composition and abundance of gut microbiota were detected through 16S rRNA sequencing and RT-qPCR. Targeted metabonomics and RT-qPCR were used for metabolites and metabolic enzymes analysis. Results In this study, Wuji Pill improved the symptoms of IBS rats and increased the relative abundance of Akkermansia muciniphila in feces. Additionally, antibiotics affected the repair of intestinal mucus secretion and significantly reduced the level of short-chain fatty acids. Subsequently, fecal microbiota transplantation and A. muciniphila transplantation can improve the symptoms of IBS rat by increasing intestinal mucus secretion, elevating the levels of acetic acid and butyric acid in feces. Additionally, the microglia in the cortex were suppressed, and the tryptophan-kynurenine pathway in the hippocampus was inhibited, leading to the conversion of tryptophan into 5-HT. Discussion This study highlights the Wuji Pill may alleviate IBS symptoms by modulating A. muciniphila and regulating the tryptophan metabolism pathway through MGB axis.
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CyTA-Journal of Food
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2026
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IF 1.7
Xiaoxiao Wang,Xianzhu Zhang,Minhao Xie
The gut microbiota, crucial for human health, is significantly modulated by dietary components, such as AX and CA; however, their combined synergistic effects remain poorly understood. Using in vitro fermentation, we examined individual and combined impacts of AX and CA on microbiota composition, metabolic activity, and the functional characteristics of Bifidobacterium longum. AX treatment enhanced short-chain fatty acid production, enriched beneficial genera, suppressed pathogens. In contrast, CA elevated the relative abundance of Megasphaera and upregulated bile acid pathways, while inhibiting Enterococcus. The combined AX-CA treatment amplified these beneficial shifts and enhanced pathogen suppression. Transcriptomic analysis revealed that AX upregulated B. longum genes associated with carbohydrate/amino acid metabolism, whereas CA stimulated lipid metabolism but exhibited dose-dependent growth inhibition. Furthermore, AX promoted the microbial biotransformation of CA to dihydrocaffeic acid. These results demonstrated AX and CA function as complementary prebiotics with significant potential to optimize gut microbial ecology and health-related metabolic functions.
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Advanced Science
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2026
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IF 14.1
Ting Li,Jian Wu,Sheng-Yang Zhou,Ming-An Li,Li-Ping Zhao,Ao Wang,Yi-Zhi Song,Wen-Yan Huang,Lu-Lu Tan,Chen-Meng Qiao,Wei-Jiang Zhao,Chun Cui,Yan-Qin Shen
Dietary interventions alleviate Parkinson's disease (PD) progression by modulating the gut microbiota. However, the interaction between time-restricted feeding (TRF) and dietary protein composition remains unclear. This study examines the effects of casein (animal-derived) and soy protein (plant-derived) on PD pathology in an MPTP-induced mouse model and their influence on TRF efficacy. MPTP induces dopaminergic neuron loss and neuroinflammation regardless of protein source, but casein-fed mice show partial motor dysfunction and gut barrier disruption, whereas soy protein-fed mice maintain motor function and barrier integrity. TRF differentially modulates PD outcomes: in casein-fed mice, it alleviates partial motor deficits by suppressing monoamine oxidase B (MAO-B) and reducing dopamine (DA) metabolism, without rescuing DA levels or neuron survival. In soy protein-fed mice, TRF suppresses MAO-B, preserves dopaminergic neurons, restores DA levels, and reduces neuroinflammation. Analysis of gut microbiota and metabolomics suggests that TRF may reduce Allobaculum and branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) in casein-fed mice, while increasing Akkermansia and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) in soy protein-fed mice. Mechanistic assays suggest that Allobaculum and BCAAs impair gut barrier function and aggravate inflammation. In conclusion, TRF exerts protein-dependent neuroprotective effects, with soy protein combined with TRF offering a promising dietary strategy for PD management.
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Ceramics-Switzerland
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2026
·Vol. 9
·期 2
·20
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IF 2.8
Yuying Song,Wenfeng Yue,Fu Huang,Yuqun Deng,Yongjiang Zhang,Junyu Ming,Fayaz Hussain,Adil Alshoaibi,Gulmurza Abdurakhmanov,Junjun Wang,Dawei Wang
Dielectric capacitors, characterized by ultra-fast charge/discharge speeds and high power densities, are widely used in modern electronic power systems. However, their low energy density and poor thermal stability limit applications. In this study, SrBi3.25La0.75Ti4O15(SBLT) ferroelectric thin films were prepared by the sol–gel method. We systematically investigated the effect of annealing temperature on microstructural evolution, electrical properties, and energy storage performance. The SBLT film annealed at 700 °C exhibited optimal performance, achieving a balanced enhancement in polarization and breakdown strength, with an energy storage density of 48.66 J cm−3and an efficiency of 78%. The material also demonstrated excellent thermal stability (30–175 °C) and frequency stability (0.1–100 kHz). These findings not only validate the potential of SBLT as a next-generation energy storage dielectric but also provide a practical solution for applications in semiconductor technology.
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JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL AND ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY
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2026
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IF 7.1
Taotao Qiang,Jie Xiong,Chen Mi,Xi Zhang,Huaqing Liu,Xiaonan Ruan,Bing Shi,Qingshuang Zhu,Fei Cheng,Longfang Ren
Covalent organic framework (COF) photocatalysts have attracted considerable attention for their highly efficient and selective oxidation to sulfides, but they still suffer from high charge recombination rates, wide band gaps, and low electron-transfer efficiencies. Therefore, two kinds of high-performance porphyrin-based D-A type COFs photocatalysts were designed by employing tetraaminoporphyrin as the electron donor (D) and two distinct linkers as electron acceptors (A). The D-A architecture facilitates the enhancement of charge transfer and the effective separation of photogenerated electron-hole pairs, so that the COFs exhibit exceptional charge separation efficiency which is evidenced by significantly reduced steady-state photoluminescence (PL) intensity and prolonged fluorescence lifetimes. The singlet oxygen radicals generated by COFs enables the selective oxidation of sulfides with the conversion rate of 99% and the selectivity of 99%. The narrow band gap (Eg = 1.73 eV) further achieves the adjusting of carrier mobility, thereby accelerating the electron transfer rate. Through precise regulation of the reaction pathway, the toxic by-products during oxidation are significantly reduced, highlighting that the COFs have great potential as visible-light-driven heterogeneous catalysts. This study offers a promising strategy for environmentally friendly and sustainable production of chemicals.
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PHYTOTHERAPY RESEARCH
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2026
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IF 8.1
Long Cheng,Minghong Gan,Huiyang Wang,Yanru Song,Yang Bai,Dongfang Zhang
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a chronic disease that seriously threatens human health. Puerarin, the primary bioactive component of Pueraria lobata , alleviates T2D through multiple mechanisms, including protection of pancreatic β-cells, enhancement of insulin sensitivity, and antioxidant effects. However, its specific mechanisms of action against T2D remain incompletely understood. This study aimed to investigate the curative effects of puerarin in ameliorating glucose and lipid metabolism disorders in T2D mice by preserving gut microbiota homeostasis and promoting adipose tissue thermogenesis. To achieve this, 16S rRNA gene sequencing and metabolomics were employed to assess its effects on gut microbiota and fecal metabolites, while qRT-PCR and western blot were conducted to evaluate its impact on the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (AKT)/peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) signaling pathway. The results demonstrated that puerarin promoted gut microbiota homeostasis and elevated butyrate levels. Specifically, it increased the abundance of beneficial bacteria (Lactobacillaceae, Muribaculaceae, and Akkermansiaceae) and reduced the abundance of harmful bacteria (Desulfovibrionaceae, Marinifilaceae, and Helicobacteraceae). Moreover, puerarin enhanced brown adipose tissue (BAT) activity via the PI3K/AKT pathway and induced a browning phenotype in white adipose tissue (WAT) through the PPARγ pathway. These effects promoted mitochondrial biosynthesis, lipolysis, glucose utilization, and energy expenditure. Puerarin also increased glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) secretion, thereby further improving insulin sensitivity. In conclusion, this study confirms that puerarin improves glucose and lipid metabolism disorders in T2D mice by regulating gut microbiota homeostasis and promoting adipose tissue thermogenesis, which holds considerable potential for the treatment of T2D.
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Science Advances
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2026
·Vol. 12
·期 13
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IF 13.9
Decun Luo,Han-Xuan Liu,Zheng-Qing Huang,Xi-Yang Yu,Lei Chen,Riguang Zhang,Zhun Hu,Chun-Ran Chang
Frustrated Lewis pairs (FLPs) have emerged as a transformative strategy in small-molecule activation, leveraging steric inhibition to sustain highly reactive Lewis acid–base pairs capable of heterolyzing nonpolar molecules such as H 2 and CO 2 through electric field (EF)–induced polarization. Despite their promise, FLPs exhibit inherent limitations in activating highly stable, kinetically inert substrates, owing to insufficient field strength and limited polarization efficacy. The systems with intensified charge separation, termed frustrated ion pairs (FIPs), can transcend these constraints by combining extreme ionic reactivity with persistent frustration. Here, we propose a geometrically controlled FIPs system that systematically modulates interionic distance and interaction via cation size engineering, ensuring sustained frustration and remarkable catalytic enhancement. The relationship between the interaction strength of anions and cations in the FIPs and their performance in CO 2 cycloaddition exhibits a volcanic curve trend. FIPs catalysts with optimal distance (4.11 Å) and interaction strength (−78 kJ·mol −1 ·Å −1 ) between its cation and anion exhibit optimal catalytic performance ( TOF = 184 hour −1 ). The frustrated configuration liberates Br − from electrostatic confinement, achieving unprecedented nucleophilic activity by reducing the ring-opening energy barrier by 48.7 kJ·mol −1 compared to conventional ionic pairs. Optimal ion-pair distance in FIPs generates an intense asymmetric electric field that strongly polarizes CO 2 , yielding an induced dipole moment of ∆μ = 0.132 D. Moreover, the FIPs structure is extended to heterogeneous systems and exhibits a similar trend with homogeneous ones, showing its application potential.
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