ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
·
2026
·Vol. 60
·期 31
·21860-21871
·
IF 12.2
Guo Yuxiao,Zhao Zhijin,Li Bin,Hao Huaixin,Wang Zhipeng,Xu Chao
Neptunium
(Np) is a long-lived, highly radiotoxic transuranic element
of critical concern in the nuclear fuel cycle and the final geological
disposal of radioactive waste. Owing to the redox sensitivity of Np
and its tendency to complex with natural organic matter, the environmental
mobility of Np can be significantly affected by a wide variety of
geochemical processes. In this study, we investigated the interactions
among Np(V), humic acid (HA), and Fe(II) under anaerobic aqueous conditions.
Techniques including solvent extraction, ultrafiltration, dynamic
light scattering, and UV–vis–NIR absorption spectroscopy
were employed to quantitatively characterize the impacts of HA and
Fe(II) on the oxidation-state distribution and aqueous speciation
of Np. The results demonstrate that HA can effectively complex Np(V)
and subsequently reduce Np(V) to Np(IV) to a limited extent. The presence
of Fe(II) significantly alters the reaction pathway, markedly promoting
the reduction of Np(V) and the formation of colloidal species that
enhance Np retention in the natural environment. This work provides
the first mechanistic insight into Np redox transformation and speciation
evolution in the Np-HA-Fe ternary system, highlighting the synergistic
role of Fe(II) and HA in governing the environmental fate of Np. These
findings offer critical scientific support for the accurate prediction
of Np mobility in groundwater and the reliable long-term safety assessment
of geological repositories.
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JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY
·
2026
·Vol. 109
·期 8
·e71064
·
IF 4.2
Le Lu,Zhiyuan Ma,Zhaofeng Chen,Lixia Yang,Yue Wang,Yaotong Song,Yingdong Song,Xiguang Gao
SiC f /SiC has shown great potential for high-temperature structural applications such as aero-engine components, but repeated precursor infiltration and pyrolysis (PIP) often leave large interconnected macropores due to precursor loss and fiber architecture constraints. These defects promote stress concentration and oxidation, degrading structural reliability. To address this, SiC nanowires (SiCnws) were in situ introduced into difficult-to-fill macropores, forming a three-dimensional bridging network. The observed nanowire morphology was consistent with a catalyst-assisted vapor-liquid-solid-type growth process, and the morphology and distribution of SiCnws were regulated by varying the ferrocene/PCS/xylene ratio. The resulting interconnected network enhanced load transfer and inhibited crack propagation through bridging and deflection. Consequently, porosity decreased from 26.9% to 12.9%, density increased from 2.137 to 2.429 g/cm 3 , and fracture behavior shifted from brittle to pseudo-plastic. This approach offers an effective strategy for repairing structural defects in ceramic matrix composites.
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Frontiers in Pharmacology
·
2026
·
IF 5.4
Shan Luo,Yake Lan,Ruoqi Zhang,Zhongqiu Luan
Introduction Diabetic nephropathy (DN), as a complication of diabetes, is one of the major causes of end-stage renal disease. Licochalcone B (LCB), a flavonoid active component derived from licorice, is well known for its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. However, the influence of LCB on DN remains unclear. This research investigated the effect of LCB on DN and elucidated the regulatory mechanism. Methods We employed male C57BL/6 mice to construct a DN mouse model induced by a high-fat diet (HFD)/streptozotocin (STZ). In vitro , a high glucose (HG)-induced injury model in HK-2 (human renal tubular epithelial) cells was used to further confirm the protective effects of LCB. Results LCB treatment (20 mg/kg and 40 mg/kg) decreased blood glucose levels, kidney injury, glycogen deposition, and collagen accumulation in the DN mice. Moreover, LCB at a dosage of 40 mg/kg reduced albumin, creatinine, and blood urea nitrogen levels by about 70.7%, 33.4%, and 45.6%, respectively, indicating an improvement in kidney function. In renal tissues, LCB suppressed oxidative stress and apoptosis in HFD/STZ-induced mice. Consistent with in vivo findings, LCB alleviated HG-induced oxidative stress and apoptosis in HK-2 cells. Transcriptome analysis revealed that LCB affects oxidative stress and renal function-related pathways to alleviate DN. Further mechanistic studies demonstrated that LCB treatment upregulates the expressions of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (Nrf2), suggesting activation of the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway. Conclusion Taken together, this research demonstrates that LCB suppresses oxidative stress and apoptosis accompanied by modulating the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway to ameliorate DN, which provides a promising strategy for DN treatment.
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ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS
·
2026
·
IF 19.9
Tao Zhang,Chunguang Chen,Jia Liu,Muyuan Liu,Xingcai Wu,Xuewen Hua,Da-xia Zhang,Feng Liu
The insufficient understanding of the diffusion-reaction-polymerization coupling in membrane formation dynamics hinders the application of interfacial polymerization membranes in drug delivery and membrane separation. Here, the relationship between the hydrophilicity of the oil phase and water mass transfer behavior is taken as the breakthrough point. From the perspective of diffusion, the water mass transfer flux is positively correlated with the membrane thickness. From the perspective of polymerization, under the diffusion-limited aggregation model, the polymerization of oligomers leads to uneven membrane thickening. This accounts for the paradoxical observation that thicker membranes exhibit lower encapsulation and rejection rates. Building on a comprehensive understanding of membrane formation dynamics, an AI model that can predict performance with high precision was developed. Furthermore, universal regulation strategies can increase the encapsulation efficiency and rejection rate by 32.3–54.8% and 6.8–23.9%, respectively. This study provides both theoretical basis and technical approaches for designing high-performance microcapsule and separation membrane.
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JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY
·
2026
·Vol. 109
·期 2
·e70571
·
IF 4.2
Shaoheng Zhang,Fucheng Xie,Gaoming Mo,Haijun Chen,Qing Huang
This study presents the synthesis of low-carbon polyborocarbosilane (PBCS) through a high-temperature and high-pressure method using polysilacarbosilane (PSCS) and o-carborane, addressing the issue of excess carbon and difficulty in introducing boron (B) in conventional polycarbosilane (PCS) precursors. The incorporation of o-carborane significantly accelerates the reaction kinetics compared to conventional PCS synthesis, and structural characterization (FTIR, NMR) confirms the successful integration of boron into the polymer backbone. The PBCS precursor exhibits a reduced carbon content (C/Si molar ratio: 1.48) and enhanced branching degree. During pyrolysis, TG-MS and FTIR analyses reveal accelerated polymer-to-ceramic conversion below 800°C, due to the crosslinking reactions among B─H, Si─H, and Si─CH 3 groups, which promote hydrocarbon release and yield near-stoichiometric SiC ceramics (C/Si = 1.08 at 1800°C). Furthermore, ultrafine PBCS fibers are fabricated via electrospinning of PBCS, after direct thermal curing (without oxidative crosslinking) and pyrolysis, ultrafine near-stoichiometric crystalline SiC ultrafine fibers with low oxygen content and dense structure are obtained. During the sintering process, the formation of B─C/B─Si bonds promotes densification of the SiC ultrafine fibers and suppresses abnormal grain growth, potentially through the formation of boron solid solutions.
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JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE
·
2026
·Vol. 91
·期 2
·e70821
·
IF 4.1
Zeynep Karahaliloğlu,Baki Hazer
Unlike conventional preservation methods that passively store food, active packaging materials proactively prevent microbial contamination and, when combined with polyphenols, can also serve as intelligent systems for freshness monitoring. In this study, polypropylene (PP)-based membranes incorporating curcumin (Cur) and quercetin (Quer) were developed and characterized to evaluate their potential use in food packaging applications. The membranes exhibited low water vapor permeability, indicating strong barrier properties. Among the formulations, the PP-Cur-A2 (Cur-loaded PP-A2, where A2 refers to chlorinated polypropylene (PP-Cl) obtained from Sigma-Aldrich) membrane showed superior mechanical performance (tensile strength: 24.10 ± 1.06 MPa; elongation at break: 378%) and achieved complete curcumin release within 20 days. Importantly, the membranes displayed distinct color transitions under different pH conditions, confirming their functionality as pH-responsive indicators. In addition, when tested both with fresh shrimp in Petri dishes and in aqueous ammonia environments, the membranes exhibited visible and progressive color changes in response to spoilage-related volatile compounds. Overall, the developed membranes demonstrated efficient bioactive release, excellent barrier characteristics, and reliable colorimetric indicator functionality, underscoring their promise for sustainable and intelligent food packaging applications.
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BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL AND BIOLOGICAL RESEARCH
·
2026
·
IF 1.9
Wei Min,Yang Jian,Yu Zejia,Li Shan,Xie Hui,Yuan Shiyang,Huang Qiujie,Zhang Hui,Feng Jun
Acute lung injury (ALI) is a common complication of sepsis in connection with excessive inflammation and accumulation of oxidative stress. Sorting nexin 10 (SNX10) is a sorting nexin family member involved in inflammatory processes. This study aimed to explore the function of SNX10 in ALI. The cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) model was established to induce ALI in C57BL/6J mice. CLP mice exhibited elevated levels of SNX10 expression in the lung tissues. Mice were intratracheally injected with 50 μL adenovirus (108 PFU) containing short hairpin RNA plasmid targeting SNX10. SNX10 knockdown mice showed remission of CLP-induced pulmonary edema, hemorrhage, inflammatory infiltration, and thickened alveolar septum. SNX10 downregulation reduced reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, increased superoxide dismutase activity and glutathione content, and decreased malondialdehyde content in the lung tissues. SNX10 knockdown decreased the phosphorylation of NF-κB p65 and its nuclear translocation, thus inhibiting the levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and interleukin (IL)-6. Furthermore, SNX10 downregulation inhibited the NLRP3, p20 caspase 1, and ASC protein levels and the levels of IL-18 and IL-1β. A549 cells were treated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) (10 μg/mL) for 24 h to simulate the inflammatory condition and SNX10 was knocked down using small interfering RNA. SNX10 knockdown cells showed increased viability and less ROS accumulation. Consistent with the in vivo results, the NF-κB/NLRP3 pathway and the secretion of inflammatory cytokines were inhibited after SNX10 knockdown in A549 cells. In summary, SNX10 downregulation mitigated sepsis-induced oxidative stress and pulmonary inflammation by inhibiting the NF-κB/NLRP3 pathway.
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Molecular Medicine Reports
·
2026
·Vol. 33
·期 4
·1-14
·
IF 5
Xiaoyu Zheng,Jinping Li,Tianyang Hu,Li Tan,Ding Lan,Ying Deng
Covers molecular medicine topics such as pharmacology, pathology, genetics, neuroscience, infectious diseases, molecular cardiology, and molecular surgery.
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INFLAMMATION
·
2026
·
IF 5.4
Ren Niansheng,Li Ruixi,Tao Qiang,Hong Shengjie,Wang Jicai,Zha Jiandong,Wang Shikai,Zhang Guangquan
Chronic pancreatitis (CP) is a chronic disease characterized by pancreatic fibrosis driven by pancreatic stellate cell activation and M2 polarization of macrophages. Nicotinamide n-methyltransferase (NNMT) is a methylase critically involved in fibrosis. Galectin-3 (LGALS3), a member of the galectin family, drives M2 macrophage polarization. This study explores the roles of NNMT and LGALS3 in CP. CP was induced in C57BL/6 mice via repeated intraperitoneal injections of 50 µg/kg cerulein. NNMT was upregulated in pancreatic tissues of CP mice, especially in mouse pancreatic stellate cells (mPSCs). Functional inhibition of NNMT in mPSCs, via lentiviral short-hairpin RNA-mediated knockdown or treatment with NNMT inhibitor, suppressed mPSC activation, proliferation, and migration. Moreover, conditioned medium from mPSCs with NNMT inhibition reduced M2 polarization of bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs). In vivo, intraperitoneal administration of 20 mg/kg NNMT inhibitor for 28 days alleviated pancreatic collagen deposition and macrophage M2 polarization, resulting in reduced pancreatic fibrosis. RNA sequencing and bioinformatics analysis identified LGALS3 as a potential downstream target of NNMT. NNMT inhibition downregulated LGALS3 expression in mPSCs, and chromatin immunoprecipitation - quantitative polymerase chain reaction (ChIP-qPCR) confirmed that this suppression was associated with increased trimethylation of lysine 27 on histone H3 (H3K27me3) enrichment at the LGALS3 promoter. Lentivirus-mediated LGALS3 overexpression reversed the inhibitory effect of NNMT knockdown on BMDM M2 polarization. In conclusion, inhibition of NNMT alleviates mPSC activation and suppresses mPSC-induced macrophage M2 polarization via H3K27me3-mediated repression of LGALS3 transcription, with the ultimate effect of mitigating cerulein-induced pancreatic fibrosis.
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Biomaterials Advances
·
2026
·
IF 6.7
Yonghua Li,Yang Gao,Zhifang Xiao,Wenfang Jiang,Na Han,Xianjun He,Ling Ouyang,Peng Zhang
Photothermal therapy (PTT) not only directly eliminates tumors through its photothermal effects but also triggers a critical antitumor immune response. This study created a multifunctional nanoplatform out of biodegradable mesoporous polydopamine (mPDA). By doping manganese ions (Mn 2+ ) to generate mPDA@Mn nanoparticles, the material's photothermal conversion efficiency was greatly improved, as was the efficient loading of the anticancer medication carfilzomib. This system enables precise control over the release of CFZ and Mn 2+ under near-infrared (NIR) irradiation, achieving triple synergistic antitumor effects through chemotherapy, photothermal therapy, and immune activation at the tumor site. In vitro experiments demonstrated that the cell membrane-coated CM@mPDA@Mn/CFZ nanosystem exhibits favorable biocompatibility. In a mouse model of multiple myeloma, the combination of this nanosystem with NIR irradiation showed significant synergistic therapeutic efficacy. It not only destroyed tumor cells directly, but it also stimulated dendritic cell (DC) maturation, CD3 + T cell activation, and cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) infiltration, substantially modifying the tumor immune microenvironment. These findings suggest that this triple synergistic method, which combines chemotherapy, photothermal ablation, and immune activation, provides an effective and targeted nanotherapeutic platform for the treatment of multiple myeloma.
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IRISH JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCE
·
2026
·
IF 2
Liu Jia,Qi Xin,Peng Li,Jiang Sai jun,Fu Guihua
Background Gastric cancer (GC) is a malignant tumor prevalent worldwide. ESPN belongs to actin-binding protein family and serves as an oncogene in various cancers. Immune escape is one of the core mechanisms underlying the occurrence and resistance of GC. Aims This research aimed to explore ESPN function and mechanism GC. Methods ESPN expression in GC was fanalyzed through The Cancer Genome Atlas Program (TCGA). GC patient overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS) and post-progression survival (PPS) rate were assessed using Kaplan-Meier Plotter database. ESPN levels were tested using qRT-PCR and Western blot. After knockdown of ESPN in GC cells, ESPN function and mechanism in GC was verified by Cell Counting Kit-8, EdU, Transwell, Western blot, ELISA and immunofluorescence. Furthermore, ESPN roles in vivo were assessed by tumor xenograft model, immunohistochemistry, and Western blot. Results ESPN was overexpressed in GC, and patients with huge ESPN expression had poorer prognosis in terms of OS, PFS and PPS. ESPN expression was related to TNM stage and distant metastasis. Also, knocking down ESPN reduced GC cell growth and immune escape. Importantly, interference with ESPN inactivated AKT/NF-κB axis in GC cells, and silencing ESPN repressed GC cell proliferation, invasion and immune escape, while these impacts were abolished after SC79 (AKT pathway activator) addition. Meanwhile, ESPN knockdown reduced GC proliferation and immune escape in vivo through decreased tumor weight, IL-10 expressions, p-AKT and p-NF-κB protein levels, yet increased IFN-γ expression. Conclusion Silencing ESPN reduced GC cell proliferation, invasion and immune escape through inactivating AKT/NF-κB. Graphical abstract
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CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
·
2026
·
IF 12.5
Ciyang Zhang,Can Su,Tianxiang Hang,Linrui Li,Mingzhu Xia,Qingli Hao,Wu Lei
Achieving durable bonding at polymer/metal interfaces under corrosive environments remains challenging due to mismatches in thermal expansion and interfacial polarity, which facilitate electrolyte infiltration and premature coating failure. A cooperative interfacial engineering strategy is presented to enhance both adhesion and corrosion resistance by constructing an ordered porous polydopamine (PDA) film using a P123/TMB soft-template system. The PDA interlayer increases surface energy through abundant functional groups, while its porous architecture provides structural interlocking with the polymer coating. Incorporation of benzotriazole (BTA) into PDA nanochannels enables pH-responsive release, forming protective complexes at damaged sites for active corrosion inhibition. Introduction of the PDA@BTA interlayer increases epoxy coating (EP) adhesion strength by 42.36%, and after 75 days of seawater immersion, |Z|₀.₀₁ Hz and charge-transfer resistance (R ct ) increase by 2503.4% and 591.4%, respectively, indicating long-term stability. First-principles calculations reveal that interfacial reinforcement arises from coordination between PDA and the metal and multiple weak interactions with the polymer, forming a robust interfacial network. This integrated design provides a pathway toward durable multifunctional corrosion-resistant systems.
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