HYDROMETALLURGY
·
2024
·
IF 4.8
Xinyu Cheng,Dong Shi,Yuze Zhang,Xiaowu Peng,Shaolei Xie,Lijuan Li,Yong Niu,Yuxuan Wang,Fugen Song
Cesium is an important strategic resource, and solvent extraction is the most frequently used technology for its extraction from various minerals and brines. However, this common method faces operational and cost problems owing to large alkali consumption. A synergistic extraction system consisting of 4- tert -butyl-2-(α-methylbenzyl) phenol (t-BAMBP) and di-(2-ethylhexyl) phosphoric acid (D2EHPA) was designed and used to extract Cs + from an alkali-free solution. The effects of variables such as: (i) pH, (ii) concentration of t-BAMBP and D2EHPA, (iii) temperature, (iv) Cs + concentration, and (v) coexisting cations, on the Cs + extraction performance of the synergistic system were investigated. The most suitable organic phase composition was 1.0 mol/L t-BAMBP and 0.1 mol/L D2EHPA in kerosene, and the synergistic coefficient was up to 57 at 25 °C and an organic/aqueous phase volume ratio of 1/1. The extraction sequence of cations using the t-BAMBP–D2EHPA synergistic system followed the descending order Cs + > Rb + > Ca 2+ > K + > Li + > Mg 2+ > Na + . The chemical formula of the extracted species was determined as [CsA(HA)(ROH) 2 ] using the slope method. The Cs + extraction process is an exothermic reaction with an enthalpy ( ΔH o ) of −55.3 kJ mol −1 , confirmed by the thermodynamic study. After three-stage countercurrent extraction, the extraction efficiency of Cs + was 92.6%, demonstrating excellent selectivity from coexisting cations. The t-BAMBP–D2EHPA synergistic system showed outstanding economic and environmental advantages and a good application prospect to develop a conceptual process flowsheet for extraction with this system and stripping with HCl to separate cesium salt from salt-lake brine.
研究领域:
化学工程
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环境科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
·
2024
·
IF 8.1
Chi Ma,Jianfeng Zhang,Yinting Liu,Liquan Sun,Qingfen Liu
A novel integrated separation process for boron (B), lithium (Li), and magnesium (Mg) is developed using precipitation and three-liquid-phase extraction (TLPE) methods from salt lake brine with high Mg-Li ratio. Simulated brine is precipitated using (NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 and subsequently extracted through the three-liquid-phase system, which comprises 2-ethyl-1,3-hexanediol (BEPD) dissolved in butyl acetate (BA), polyethylene glycol with average molecular weight of 2000 (PEG2000), and brine. After optimizing the experimental conditions, the process achieves a precipitation of 95.6 % for Mg 2+ and extraction rates of 87.2 % for B 3+ , 73.5 % for Li + , and 91.9 % for Mg 2+ . The separation performance for actual brine demonstrates that the extraction rates of B 3+ , Li + , and Mg 2+ are 84.9, 74.8, and 91.5 %, respectively, which are similar to the results obtained from simulated brine. Moreover, TLPE mechanism is analyzed that B is combined with polyhydroxy compounds in the top phase as H 3 BO 3 , while Li + is extracted by the electrostatic interaction of oxygen atom active groups in the middle phase, and Mg 2+ is remained in the bottom phase due to hydration. Our precipitation and TLPE methods show apparent advantages in achieving integrated separation with high efficiency for B, Li, and Mg in the brine.
研究领域:
化学工程
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材料科学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
HYDROMETALLURGY
·
2017
·
IF 2.605
Licheng Zhang,Lijuan Li,Dong Shi,Xiaowu Peng,Fugen Song,Feng Nie,Wensheng Han
Lithium recovery from alkaline brines by counter-current method using β-diketone was investigated. By comparing effect of different co-extractants and diluents on lithium extraction, HBTA-TOPO-kerosene system was determined as the extraction system. In extraction process, 0.4 mol/L HBTA and 0.3 mol/L TOPO in kerosene performed as extractant and three theoretical stages were required to reach 95% extraction according to McCabe Thiele diagram. 1 mol/L HCl and 3 mol/L HCl solution were used as scrubbing agent and stripping agent respectively. In regeneration stage, 2 mol/L NaOH was used as regeneration agent to remove free acid entrained in organic phase and exchange H + of hydroxyl. Bench experiments indicated that the respective number of extraction, scrubbing, stripping and regeneration were 3, 1, 2 and 1 stage. A 7-stage extraction process was conducted in a mixer-settler for 30 h to reach stable state, average extraction rate of lithium was 96% and lithium concentration in stripping solution was 15 g/L. Concentration of impurity ions in stripping liquor was < 1 g/L. No third phase or emulsification was observed during the operation. In summary, HBTA-TOPO-kerosene extraction system was verified an effective method to recovery lithium from alkaline brine.
研究领域:
化学工程
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材料科学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY
·
2021
·Vol. 104
·期 9
·4867-4877
·
IF 3.784
Jian Wang,Yan Zhang,Weikun Ning,Peiping Zhang,Bo Jin,Yan Wang,Wei Zhang,Wenqing Li,Cundi Wei,Shiding Miao
A new class of catalytically self-propelled nanomotors were fabricated by modifying natural clay tubes, halloysite, with randomly distributed particles of MnO 2 and Fe 3 O 4 . The prepared MnO 2 –Fe 3 O 4 /HNTs composites were validated to be efficient Fenton catalysts in the degradation of rhodamine B (RhB). Compared to the previous preparation of rolled-up microtubes or other template-assisted syntheses, this strategy has its merits in utilizing clay minerals of abundance, cheap-price, and no complex instruments needed. The nanomotors were able to be prepared on a large scale. The MnO 2 –Fe 3 O 4 /HNTs motors displayed powerful autonomous movement, and a high velocity of up to 380 µm s −1 was achieved in 5.0 wt. % H 2 O 2 solution. For Fenton catalysis of RhB, the removal ratio of 94% dye molecules was obtained within 30 min, which was triply higher than other samples of the nonpropelling sample Fe 3 O 4 /HNTs. The autonomous movement provided adsorptive bubble separation, and the adsorption capacity was greatly enhanced by halloysite. These synergistic effects boosted the removal efficiency of dye molecules. The presence of magnetic MnO 2 –Fe 3 O 4 made these motors move directionally in external magnetic fields and provided a facile recovery for collecting heterogeneous catalysts.
研究领域:
材料科学
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环境科学
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化学工程
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
HYDROMETALLURGY
·
2025
·
IF 5.3
Minxiu Zhou,Hui Su,Yaoxian Hu,Wensen Liu,Zhaowu Zhu,Tao Qi,Daoyong Lin
The increasing adoption of lithium-ion batteries in new energy sectors has substantially increased lithium consumption. Chilean salt lakes consist of high concentrations of Li + , (1.14 g/L) and Ca 2+ (>10 g/L) and low concentration of Cl − (<200 g/L). The TBP-FeCl 3 system can efficiently extract lithium from high Mg brine, but the system has not yet been studied in low chloride and high calcium brine. In this paper, the effect of different extraction, scrubbing, and stripping conditions on the lithium extraction percentage from this type of brine was investigated using a TBP-FeCl 3 system. The results indicated that 100 % TBP mixed with brine containing 15–20 g/L Fe 3+ and 0.05 mol/L HCl at O/A = 1:1, extracted 52.9 % of Li + and produced an organic phase of 0.72 g/L Li + , accompanied by Ca 2+ and Na + concentrations of 2.82 g/L and 2.47 g/L, respectively. The extraction percentage of Li + reached 74.2 % after a four-stage extraction process. The loaded organic phase was scrubbed with 4 mol/L LiCl solution at O/A = 1:1, and the scrubbing percentage of the impurity ions was >90 %. The scrubbed organic phase was stripped by simulated counter-current stripping by 2.5 mol/L HCl at O/A = 15:1 for ten stages, and the recovery of Li + was 80.3 %. The stripping solution had a Li + concentration of 25.3 g/L and an impurity ion concentration of <1 g/L and the loss of Fe 3+ was <100 mg/L. The TBP-FeCl 3 extraction system offers the efficient and direct extraction of lithium from Chilean brine and provides technical support for the clean mining of lithium resources in South American salt lakes.
研究领域:
化学工程
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材料科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
·
2023
·
IF 15.1
Xuezhen Wang,Xiaotong Jiang,Junmin Wu,Kaiyu Zhao,Yafei Guo,Tianlong Deng,Xiaoping Yu
With the development of new energy industry, the extraction of lithium from liquid minerals has attracted extensive attention. Herein, a novel phenolic resin-supported H 2 TiO 3 foam (RF/UF-HTO) was developed for Li + recovery from aqueous solutions. It was found that when the thermosetting phenolic resin was modified with urea and then foamed by petroleum ether with boiling points of 60 ∼ 90 °C under the assistance of 1.5% Tween 80 + 3% sodium dodecyl sulfate, the material presented a porous 3D network structure with a high specific surface area and porosity. The maximum adsorption capacity of the material reached 52.41 mg·g −1 . The adsorption rate was controlled by the particle diffusion, and the adsorption was proven to be an endothermic process by the microcalorimetry. The material exhibited high adsorption performance for low-concentration Li + in geothermal water with a low degree of mineralization. The adsorption capacity reached 21.50 mg·g −1 after only 6 h, and the attenuation of adsorption capacity was only 1.96 mg·g −1 after 10 cycles. Because of the high Mg 2+ concentration and high degree of mineralization, the adsorption capacity for Li + in salt lake brine was low. This problem was successfully solved by regeneration with Ba(OH) 2 , by which the adsorption capacity was enhanced from 0.54 to 20.72 mg·g −1 . Even for the fixed-bed adsorption, the adsorption capacity still reached 8.5 mg·g −1 . Based on these excellent properties, the material and method developed in this work can be used for Li + recovery from brine with different degrees of mineralization and composition.
研究领域:
材料科学
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环境工程
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
Materials
·
2019
·Vol. 12
·期 12
·1968
·
IF 2.972
Ying Sun,Rongping Yun,Yufeng Zang,Min Pu,Xu Xiang
Lithium extraction from salt lake brine is critical for satisfying the increasing demand of a variety of lithium products. We report lithium recovery from pre-synthesized LiAl-layered double hydroxides (LDHs) via a mild solution reaction. Lithium ions were released from solid LiAl-LDHs to obtain a lithium-bearing solution. The LiAl-LDHs phase was gradually transformed into a predominantly Al(OH)3phase with lithium recovery to the aqueous solution. The lithium recovery percentage and the concentration of the lithium-bearing solution were dependent on the crystallinity of LiAl-LDHs, the initial concentration of the LiAl-LDHs-1 slurry, the reaction temperature, and the reaction time. Under optimized conditions, the lithium recovery reached 86.2% and the Li+concentration in the filtrate is 141.6 mg/L. Interestingly, no aluminum ions were detected in the filtrate after solid–liquid separation with high crystallinity LiAl-LDHs, which indicated the complete separation of lithium and aluminum in the liquid and solid phases, respectively. The27Al NMR spectra of the solid products indicate that lithium recovery from the lattice vacancies of LiAl-LDHs affects the AlO6coordination in an octahedral configuration of the ordered Al(OH)3phase. The XPS O 1sspectra show that the Oadpeak intensity increased and the OLpeak intensity decreased with the increasing lithium recovery, which indicated that the Al-OH bond was gradually formed and the metal–oxygen–metal bond was broken.Keywords:lithium recovery;LiAl-LDHs;reaction-coupled separation technology;salt lake brine
研究领域:
材料科学
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化学工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF MEMBRANE SCIENCE
·
2023
·
IF 9.5
Zhouyang Jiang,Wenhan Kong,Fenglin Zhao,Qingyue Han,Yangxi Liu,Suqing Wang,Haihui Wang
Highly purified LiOH is a common raw material of cathode active materials of lithium-ion batteries. Its demand is rapidly increasing with the fast development of the electric vehicles. The traditional enrichment process of LiOH relying on water evaporation requires a lot of energy. Here, we demonstrate the ability of NASICON-type Li 1.5 Al 0.5 Ge 1.5 (PO 4 ) 3 membrane electrodialysis to enrich the LiOH aqueous solution with a low concentration. This Li 1.5 Al 0.5 Ge 1.5 (PO 4 ) 3 membrane electrodialysis could extract 99.7% and 96.5% of Li + in 0.1, and 0.01 M LiOH feed solution, respectively, into 1 M LiOH receiving solution. And the transmembrane resistance between feed solution and receiving solution increased by 37.4, 389.5, and 964.6 Ω cm 2 , compared to the value for 1 M of LiOH feed solution as the feed solution concentration decreased to 0.1, 0.01 and 0.001 M, respectively. This quantitative assessment method for the resistance variation is crucial to the potential separation application of Li 1.5 Al 0.5 Ge 1.5 (PO 4 ) 3 membrane electrodialysis in salt-lake brine.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
能源工程
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
·
2025
·
IF 9
Huiyong Wu,Jianfeng Zhang,Tingting Dong,Yue Cheng,Xuesheng Hu,Huizhou Liu,Liangrong Yang
To address the growing demand for lithium amidst its limited supply, it is crucial to explore diverse and economically viable lithium resources to alleviate the pressure. Oilfield brine offers significant potential, particularly due to their reduced land and freshwater requirements for lithium extraction, which dramatically lowers costs and provides environmental benefits. However, the recovery of lithium from oilfield brine is relatively under-explored yet due to highly excess of coexisted magnesium and particularly calcium as well as extensive pretreatment process. To tackle this challenge, we reported a direct lithium extraction method using tris(2-ethylhexyl) phosphate (TOP)-FeCl 3 solvent extraction system in this work. The proposed system achieved superior Li + binding affinity with 77 % extraction in single stage and especially ultrahigh selectivity for Li + /Mg 2+ (separation factor: 5737) and Li + /Ca 2+ (separation factor: 96) from real oilfield brine containing 52.1 g‧L -1 Mg 2+ and 84.4 g‧L -1 Ca 2+ . The results significantly outperform traditional tri-n-butyl phosphate (TBP)-FeCl 3 system, where Li + /Ca 2+ selectivity is neglectable. The extraction mechanism was investigated using UV–visible, Raman spectroscopy, ESI-MS and slope ratio method, suggesting [Li‧2TOP·2H 2 O][FeCl 4 ] may be the active lithium complex species during extraction process in our system. The increased hydrophobicity and extended carbon chain compared to TBP molecule may contribute to the extraordinary selectivity and stability. This work presents a comprehensive extraction process and offers new insights into optimizing extractant structures to achieve enhanced selectivity. These results demonstrate that TOP-FeCl 3 extraction system is highly promising for the industrial recovery of Li + from real oilfield brine.
研究领域:
化学工程
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材料科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
·
2024
·
IF 8.1
Qiao Zhang,Chunxi Hai,Yanxia Sun,Yunyun Gao,Shengde Dong,Luxiang Ma,Xin He,Qi Xu,Yuan Zhou
How to effectively recover Li + from liquid mineral brines with high Mg 2+ /Li + ratio and low Li + concentration is very significant and important for promoting the carbon peak and carbon neutrality plan valid. Therefore, taking the application merits and formation scheme into consideration, well-crystallized β-Li 2 TiO 3 precursors for obtaining TiO 2 ⋅H 2 O adsorbents were prepared through a classical solid-phase method under the optimized conditions. Interestingly, both Li + desorption and titanium dissolution loss ratio of TiO 2 ⋅H 2 O adsorbents depend on the HCl concentration and delithiation temperature. The Li + escaping routes from LTO precursors to TiO 2 ⋅H 2 O adsorbents is dramatically distinctive with that in the next adsorption/desorption cycles. Accordingly, as-prepared TiO 2 ⋅H 2 O adsorbents owns the high adsorption capacity up to 51.25 mg/g at 60 °C and low Ti-dissolution loss ratio around 1.08 %. The initial adsorption capacity of TiO 2 ⋅H 2 O adsorbents in real original oil–gas field brines containing 100 ppm Li + is 20.14 mg/g. According to the structure–property relationship, formation and working mechanisms of TiO 2 ⋅H 2 O adsorbents was proposed.
研究领域:
材料科学
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环境科学
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化学工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Nanotechnology Reviews
·
2022
·Vol. 11
·期 1
·2038-2049
·
IF 6.739
Haiyun Fan,Pengying Jia,Hailei Zhang,Zhiyi Su,Xinwu Ba,Yonggang Wu
The development of a facile approach to simultaneously detect and separate Hg( ii ) ions in an aqueous solution is a challenging topic in the chemosensing field. Herein, we focus on constructing the Hg( ii )-sensitive fluorescence “turn-on”-type composite materials by using halloysite nanotube (HNT) as substrate. Two types of HNTs-based chemosensors, HNTs-PHT and HNTs-BP, were developed in this study, which exhibit Hg( ii )-sensitive fluorescence “turn on” behavior by forming interparticle and intraparticle excimers, respectively. Fortunately, HNTs-PHT is able to effectively restrict the solvent relaxation of π–π* transition and make it a better detection tool in aqueous solution than HNTs-BP. The addition of Hg( ii ) can trigger a dramatical increase at 469 nm in emission curves of HNTs-PHT, which cannot exhibit emission behaviors without the addition of Hg( ii ). Furthermore, the formation of interparticle excimers makes Hg( ii ) serve as a crosslinker to aggregate HNTs-PHT into precipitations. Following this way, Hg( ii ) ions can be facilely removed from the water via a simple filtration or centrifugation approach. The as-prepared HNTs-PHT shows high specificity and precision in simultaneously detecting and separating Hg( ii ) without the recourse to energy consumption, which will give a novel insight to deal with heavy metal pollution.
研究领域:
化学传感
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环境科学
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材料科学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL AND ENGINEERING DATA
·
2019
·
IF 2.298
Zhongshu Li,Yuli Xue,Xiaoling Tan,Wenqing Li,Shaonan Xu,Ziyan Wang,Jian Wang,Lina Li,Shiding Miao
It is of great importance to separate potassium salts from carbonate-based lakes, especially the low-[K+] but high-[Na+] brine which has been discovered around the world. Here the phase diagram of the quaternary system Na+, K+//Cl–, CO32––H2O was experimentally studied at 298.15 K via the method of isothermal evaporation, and the results corrected the previous diagram reported by Blasdale (J. Am. Chem. Soc.1923, 45, 2935–2946). The type of salts appeared and their solubility during the evaporation, and the density vs composition diagram and the pH values were plotted based on the experimental data. It was found that there were six invariant points, seven univariant curves, and five crystallization fields in the equilibrium phase diagram. To extract single-salt of potassium, certain areas in the Na+, K+//Cl–, CO32––H2O diagram were chosen to be acidified by the compressed CO2, and potassium in the form of KHCO3 was precipitated from the mother solution. The compressed CO2 was able to avoid formation of NaKCO3·6H2O during evaporation of the original system Na+, K+//Cl–, CO32––H2O. Based on experiment data, the region area for potassium salt extraction was determined, and this area was suitable for extracting K+ salts from brines with a [Na+/K+] ratio even lower than 0.44. This strategy opened a new way to recovery of potassium with a maximum yield of 59.88% from the carbonate-chloride-based brine.
研究领域:
化学工程
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环境科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）