MICROCHEMICAL JOURNAL
·
2022
·
IF 5.304
Siwei Wang,Xinnian Zeng,Xiaonan Wang,Hong Chang,Haibin Sun,Yanping Liu
Litchi is a kind of fruit with high nutritional value and delicious flavor. The presence of pesticides has become the main risk factors affecting the safety and quality of litchi, and their potential risk to consumers have generated much public concern. We therefore sought to investigate the multiple residues, and dietary risk assessment of pesticide in litchi. 37 pesticide residues in 268 litchi samples were monitored during May 2019 to August 2020, as well as chronic dietary exposure assessment for consumers. Of 268 samples (100%) that contained pesticide residues, up to 11 pesticides were positive simultaneously (only accounted for 0.4% of all), and at least 1 pesticide (accounted for 3.6%) in one individual litchi sample. Concerning the most frequently detected pesticide residues, pyraclostrobin was found in 76.1% of the samples analyzed. Nine fungicides were detected in 252 samples (94.0%) at levels ranging from detectable to 1412 μg/kg, and 92.9% of the samples tested contained thirteen insecticides at levels ranging from detectable to 2030 μg/kg. Residue of eight pesticides in 19.8% of the total samples exceeded their MRLs, indicating indiscriminate use of these pesiticides. One non-authorized pesticides, imidacloprid was found in 5.2% of the total samples. The dietary risk of exposure to 23 detected pesticides through litchi, based on ADI% ranged from 0% to 36.8%. The results show that despite a high occurrence of pesticide residues in litchi, it could not be considered a serious public health problem. Nevertheless, routine monitoring of pesticide residues in litchi is necessary to decrease the MRL-exceeding rate of the pesticide residues and ensure the quality and safety of litchi.
研究领域:
食品安全
·
植物保护
·
毒理学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
·
2023
·
IF 15.1
Xiaohong Zhang,Junfan Niu,Zhiyuan Zhou,Gang Tang,Guangyao Yan,Yulu Liu,Jialu Wang,Gaohua Hu,Jianhua Xiao,Weiyao Yan,Yongsong Cao
The low bioavailability of pesticides has resulted in serious resource waste, environmental pollution, and potential threats to human health. Polymeric micelles for the delivery of pesticides can obviously reduce the drift, and photolysis as well as the risks of poisoning during the application of pesticides. Herein, an amphiphilic polymer, octaneacylhydrazone propylcellulose pyruvate (OPP), was prepared by conjugating octanehydrazide with propylcellulose pyruvate and used as a micellar carrier to improve the utilization efficiency of pyraclostrobin (PYR). The results showed that OPP exhibited a lower critical micelle concentration (9.99 mg/L) than classical surfactant Tween. The prepared PYR-loaded OPP micelles (POM) exhibited excellent pH and cellulase dual responsive release properties with a pesticide loading rate of 8.94%, which could efficiently prevent PYR from photolysis to prolong the effective duration. The fungicidal activities of POM against Sclerotinia sclerotiorum and Botrytis cinerea were better than that of PYR in vitro and in vivo . Furthermore, the acute toxicity of POM to zebrafish was decreased more than eleven-fold compared with that of PYR technical. Therefore, the prepared POM with excellent fungicidal activities may be a potential alternative to conventional formulations of PYR, and OPP would be used as a promising polymeric carrier for the highly efficient delivery of pesticides.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
农业科学
·
环境科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
LANGMUIR
·
2020
·
IF 3.557
Ya Wang,Chaonan Li,Ting Wang,Xinwen Li,Xiaogang Li
A pesticide carrier system can offer advantages to active components, such as improving shelf life, extending the lasting period, and reducing toxicity, all of which could reduce the adverse effects of pesticides on the environment. Graphene oxide (GO) is a promising medical drug carrier material, and its research in the field of pesticides is still in the exploration stage. Herein, in order to load water-insoluble pesticides, a series of polylactic acid–graphene oxides (PLA–GOs) were produced incorporating small amounts (0.1–1 wt %) of GO using acetone–chloroform and N,N-dimethylformamide–dichloromethane, two dual-solvent systems. The prepared PLA–GO carrier materials were characterized by FT-IR, Raman spectroscopy, and differential scanning calorimetry analysis, and their effects on rice growth within 20 days were also evaluated. When the amount of GO added was 0.5% and the solvent system was acetone–chloroform, the amount of pyraclostrobin (Pyr) loaded on PLA–GO (A-0.5%) was very high (39.89%). The PLA–GO pesticide microsphere showed a significantly sustained release of Pyr (up to 30 d). Furthermore, the indoor bioassay results showed that the PLA–GO pesticide microsphere (EC50 = 1.2682) had the best fungicidal activity against Rhizoctonia solani, followed by Pyr technical (EC50 = 2.3137) and commercial Pyr microcapsule suspension (EC50 = 3.4570). In conclusion, it was found that PLA–GOs prepared using the acetone–chloroform system were more suitable as a pesticide carrier, which provided a preliminary basis for GO to realize the coating of water-insoluble pesticides.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
农业科学
·
环境科学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
MOLECULES
·
2022
·Vol. 27
·期 22
·7959
·
IF 4.927
Guan Lin,Juntao Gao,Shenghua Shang,Huanbo Zhang,Qiangke Luo,Yutong Wu,Yong Liu,Xingjiang Chen,Yan Sun
The occurrence of crop fungal diseases is closely related to warm environmental conditions. In order to control the release of fungicides in response to warm conditions, and enhance the efficacy, a series of thermo-responsive fungicide-loaded nanoparticles were developed. The fungicide azoxystrobin, solvent DEP, emulsifier Tween 80 and thermo-responsive component TDA were combined to create thermal-response oil phases, conditions for emulsification were then optimized. LDLS, zeta potential, FTIR, DSC, TGA, XRD, SEM and antifungal efficacy assays were carried out to investigate the characteristics and forming mechanism. The results indicated that the formula with 5 g azoxystrobin, 10 mL DEP, 6 mL Tween 80 and 2.5 g TDA constructed the proposed oil phase with the ability to transform from solid at 20 °C to softerned at 31.5 °C. Both DEP and TDA played key roles in interfering with the crystallization of azoxystrobin. The optimal T3t-c12 nanoparticles had a mean particle size of 162.1 nm, thermo-responsive morphological transformation between 20 °C and 30 °C, AZO crystal reforming after drying, the ability to attach to fungal spores and satisfied antifungal efficacy againstP. nicotianaPNgz07 andA. nigerA1513 at 30 °C. This report provides referable technical support for the construction of smart-release nanoparticles of other agrochemicals.
研究领域:
农业科学
·
植物保护
·
材料科学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
·
2018
·
IF 5.807
Huanhuan Zhao,Chui-Hua Kong
The elimination of pyraclostrobin by simultaneous microbial degradation and Fenton oxidation was achieved in a microbial fuel cell (MFC) system. After 12 h of incubation, the removal rate of pyraclostrobin was 1.4 mg/L/h at the anode and 1.7 mg/L/h at the cathode. The pyraclostrobin concentration was less than the detection limit (0.1 mg/L) after 72 h at the anode and 24 h at the cathode. The air flow rate, temperature, and pH of the catholyte had significant effects on the generation of H 2 O 2 . The maximum production of H 2 O 2 was 1.2 mg/L after reaction for 20 h during the Fenton process. Microbial community analysis indicated that functional bacteria in the genera Chryseobacterium , Stenotrophomonas , Arcobacter , and Comamonas were predominant in the anodic biofilm. In conclusion, the MFC-Fenton system provides an effective approach for treating environmental contaminants.
研究领域:
环境科学
·
微生物学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
BULLETIN OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY
·
2019
·Vol. 103
·期 5
·683-688
·
IF 1.65
Lu Tao,Zhou Zhigao,Zhang Qi,Zhang Zhenyan,Qian Haifeng
Extensive use of the fungicides azoxystrobin (AZ) and pyraclostrobin (PYR) can have negative effects on aquatic environments, but comprehensive studies on their effect on aquatic microbial communities are still lacking. We found that AZ and PYR could both inhibit the growth of Chlorella vulgaris , but PYR also inhibited Microcystis aeruginosa more strongly than did AZ. High-throughput sequencing analysis showed that AZ promoted the growth of Cyanobacteria in microcosms, and both PYR and AZ disturbed the ecological balance in the aquatic bacterial community and created distinct ecological risks. Our study suggests that the ecological risk of fungicides is complex, and fungicide use should be better managed to reduce potential risks to the environment.
研究领域:
环境科学
·
微生物学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
·
2024
·
IF 7.6
Yuanzhao Wu,Yijing Wang,Zan Tong,Weihong Xie,Anli Wang,Chian Song,Weixuan Yao,Jiye Wang
Pyraclostrobin, a typical representative of strobilurin fungicides, is extensively used in agriculture to control fungi and is often detected in water bodies and food. However, the comprehensive toxicological molecular mechanism of pyraclostrobin requires further study. To assess the toxic effects and underlying mechanisms of pyraclostrobin on aquatic organisms , zebrafish embryos were exposed to pyraclostrobin (20, 40, and 60 μg/L) until 96 h post fertilization (hpf). These results indicated that exposure to pyraclostrobin induces morphological alterations, including spinal curvature, shortened body length, and smaller eyes . Furthermore, heart developmental malformations , such as pericardial edema and bradycardia, were observed. This indicated severe cardiotoxicity induced by pyraclostrobin in zebrafish embryos, which was confirmed by the dysregulation of genes related to heart development. Besides, our findings also demonstrated that pyraclostrobin enhanced the contents of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde (MDA), up-regulated catalase (CAT) activity, but inhibited superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity. Subsequently, the NF-κb signaling pathway was further studied, and the results indicated that the up-regulation of tnf-α , tlr-4 , and myd88 activated the NF-κb signaling pathway and up-regulated the relative expression level of pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as cc - chemokine , ifn-γ, and cxcl - clc . Collectively, this study revealed that pyraclostrobin exposure induces developmental toxicity and cardiotoxicity, which may result from a combination of oxidative stress and inflammatory responses. These findings provide a basis for continued evaluation of the effects and ecological risks of pyraclostrobin on the early development of aquatic organisms .
研究领域:
环境科学
·
毒理学
·
分子生物学
✓ 已验证
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
COLLOIDS AND SURFACES A-PHYSICOCHEMICAL AND ENGINEERING ASPECTS
·
2024
·
IF 4.9
Hanghang Zhang,Yingxi Zhang,Chong Cao,Pengyue Zhao,Qiliang Huang,Lidong Cao
Nanoemulsion provides an effective way for the efficient, safe, and environmentally friendly use of pesticides. In this study, the influence of different type emulsifiers on the formation and stability of nanoemulsion were tested and an optimal pyraclostrobin nanoemulsion with long-term stability was obtained. Pyraclostrobin (2.5 %), #602 (phenylethyl phenol polyoxyethylene ether, 6 %), and #600 P (tristyryl- phenol polyoxyethylene ether phosphate, 2 %) were dissolved in methyl benzoate (2.5 %) and co-emulsifier ethanol (20 %) with deionized water replenished to 100 %. Compared with microemulsion (ME), the nanoemulsion using a lower dosage of emulsifier kept the system stable for a long time, reducing pollution of the environment. Compared with the commercial ME and suspension concentrate (SC), the nanoemulsion had a lower contact angle and surface tension, and higher maximum retention. In addition, adding 0.01 % AEO-3 (dodecyl alcohol polyol ethylene ether) to the dilution of nanoemulsion can significantly improve the target deposition of the nanoemulsion and improve the utilization rate of the pesticide. Besides, the use of methyl benzoate, an environmentally friendly solvent, resulted in the nanoemulsion with high bactericidal activity and low acute toxicity to zebrafish, thus reducing the environmental pollution of such chemicals.
研究领域:
农药科学
·
环境科学
·
毒理学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
·
2025
·
IF 6.2
Yuxin Qiao,Yixuan Wang,Ninghui Song,Li Cao,Yu He,Wenzhu Wu,Hong Yang
Microencapsulated suspensions (MEs) are widely used in agriculture for their enhanced pesticide efficacy and minimal environmental impact. However, their release mechanisms and associated risks remain insufficiently explored. This study investigated the release, environmental fate, and risks of pyraclostrobin MEs using HPLC-Q-TOF-HRMS and UPLC-QqQ-MS/MS. Field experiments showed only 3.6% of pyraclostrobin was in free state in water, with most encapsulated in microcapsules that settled in sediment. Seventeen transformation products were identified, primarily accumulating in sediment. Predictions of persistence (P), bioaccumulation (B), mobility (M), and toxicity (T) revealed eight highly mobile and four highly toxic metabolites. Metabolites m/z 281 and m/z 339 showed significant chronic toxicity to daphnia, surpassing pyraclostrobin toxicity. Risk quotient analysis indicated that m/z 358 and m/z 611 posed a moderate risk to daphnia and mysid. The study highlights the importance of evaluating MEs, focusing on their release mechanisms and ecological risks to ensure safe pesticide use.
研究领域:
环境科学
·
农药化学
·
生态毒理学
·
污染物行为
·
水环境化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
·
2021
·
IF 10.588
Yunhao Gao,Yu Liu,Xueyin Qin,Ziping Guo,Donglin Li,Chenggang Li,Hu Wan,Fuxing Zhu,Jianhong Li,Zhuo Zhang,Shun He
The controlled release of pesticides based on nanoparticle platforms has emerged as a new technology for increasing the efficiency of pesticides and for reducing environmental pollution because of their size-dependent and target-modifying properties. In the present study, pH/cellulase dual stimuli-responsive controlled-release formulations (PYR-HMS-HPC) were designed by grafting hydroxypropyl cellulose onto pyraclostrobin-loaded hollow mesoporous silica nanoparticles via an ester linkage. The PYR-HMS-HPC formulations were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy , thermogravimetric analyzer, transmission electron microscope and scanning electron microscope. The results demonstrated that PYR-HMS-HPC with a loading capacity of 12.1 wt% showed excellent pyraclostrobin release behaviors in response to acidic environments and the introduction of cellulase, could effectively prevented pyraclostrobin from photolysis. Compared with commercial pyraclostrobin formulations, the PYR-HMS-HPC formulations showed much stronger and statistically significant fungicidal activity against Magnaporthe oryzae from 7 to 21 days. Furthermore, the Allium cepa chromosome aberration assay demonstrated that the PYR-HMS-HPC formulations reduced the genotoxicity of pyraclostrobin. These pH/cellulase dual stimuli-responsive controlled-release formulations are of great interest for sustainable on-demand crop disease protection.
研究领域:
农业科学
·
材料科学
·
植物保护
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
·
2022
·
IF 16.744
Haichao Cao,Yue Chen,Daxia Zhang,Yan Jin,Peng Zhang,Beixing Li,Wei Mu,Feng Liu
In the preparation of microcapsules (MCs) by interfacial polymerization, octaphenyl polyoxyethylene (OP) is utilized as an emulsifier to control the particle size distribution of MCs. In the preparation system with polyisocyanate as the oil phase monomer, OP has a single hydroxyl (–OH) group that can react with the isocyanic group (–CNO) to prevent polymerization, and the aggregation of OP at the oil–water interface affects the polymer configuration. By the “steric hindrance” and “polymer chain end sealing” of OP, the compactness of the shells was reduced significantly to produce soft MCs. As OP-10 was added and used to increase in pyraclostrobin-loaded MCs preparation, the deformation, adhesion and release of pyraclostrobin-loaded MCs were improved. Therefore, the water scouring resistance of MCs on peanut leaves increased significantly as the MCs became soft. Unfortunately, the safety of zebrafish ( Danio rerio ) declined at the same time. By foliar spraying to control peanut leaf spot in the rainy season, MCs-2% OP-10, with the strongest resistance to rainfall, had the best effect on disease control. In conclusion, an effective strategy is to balance the foliar application efficiency and ecotoxicity of pesticide-loaded MCs by regulating the compactness and components of shells to control their deformation, adhesion and pesticide release.
研究领域:
农业科学
·
环境科学
·
材料科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
CHEMICAL PAPERS
·
2019
·Vol. 74
·期 6
·1717-1727
·
IF 1.246
Wang Jun,Wang Yan,Liu Xin-Xin,Li De-Ming,Li Sui-Xin
Determination of pyraclostrobin in ginseng samples by molecularly imprinted dispersive solid-phase extraction (MIDSPE) coupled with high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method was developed. Molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) were prepared by precipitation polymerization using pyraclostrobin as template, methacrylic acid (MAA) as functional monomer, ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA) and azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN) as cross-linker and initiator, respectively. The mixture of butanone (MEK) and n -heptane (7:3, V:V) was used as solvent and porogen. The microspheres were characterized by laser particle size analyzer, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (FTIR). Binding experiments showed high binding capacity of polymers, and that the maximum adsorption of MIPs and NIPs to pyraclostrobin was 73.01 mg g −1 and 59.14 mg g −1 . Selective adsorption experiments verified that polymers had specific and selective recognition site for pyraclostrobin. Comparing MIPs with C 18 , the recoveries of pyraclostrobin from blank ginseng samples spiked at 0.05, 0.1, and 1.0 mg kg −1 ranged between 77.6% and 93.5% with the standard deviation of 2.18–6.07 and the relative standard deviations (RSDs) between 2.47 and 6.99% ( n = 5). The recoveries of pyraclostrobin that used C 18 as sorbent were found to be 53.04–63.86% with the standard deviation of 1.13–2.83 and the relative standard deviations of 1.07–4.99%. The data indicated that the method for the analysis of the pyraclostrobin in ginseng samples can achieve good recoveries, repeatability and reproducibility. The linear regression equation was calculated as y = 2.09935e−006 x + 0.0176235 ( R 2 = 0.998656). The limit of detection (LOD, S/N = 3) was 0.01 mg kg −1 . The confidence interval for the slope at the 95% confidence level was [356084.1828, 899542.8563], and the confidence interval for the intercept was [− 755349.2710, 72645.0856]. The MIDSPE-HPLC method showed specific selective separation and enrichment of trace pyraclostrobin in ginseng samples. The raw samples were tested and results were all below the maximum Residue Limit (MRL) 0.1 mg kg −1 in the European Union.
研究领域:
分析化学
·
药用植物学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）