C-Journal of Carbon Research
·
2025
·Vol. 11
·期 4
·75
·
IF 2.9
Miaomiao Ye,Jingqiu Wu,Qiuyuan Weng,Tengchao Bi,Xiaowei Liu
The utilization of carbon dioxide (CO2) offers an effective approach for alleviating the carbon-reduction pressures associated with fossil energy consumption. However, studies on the use of CO2as an auxiliary agent in water treatment to enhance the removal of emerging contaminants are limited. In this study, the photodegradation of ciprofloxacin (CIP) was investigated using ultraviolet (UV) irradiation combined with CO2dosing (UV/CO2). The results demonstrated that the UV/CO2system effectively degraded CIP, with CO2concentration and solution pH exerting a critical influence. Inorganic anions and metal cations had negligible effects on CIP degradation efficiency, whereas natural organic matter (NOM) had a pronounced inhibitory effect. Mechanistic analysis revealed that superoxide radicals (·O2-) and carbonate radicals (CO3•-) were the primary oxidizing species, whereas the excited triplet state of CIP (3CIP*) and singlet oxygen played crucial roles in initiating radical generation. LC–MS analysis and density functional theory calculations indicated that the main degradation routes involved defluorination, decarboxylation, and epoxidation of the piperazine ring. Toxicity assessment indicated that the transformation products generated by UV/CO2were less toxic than the parent compound. Furthermore, the UV/CO2process demonstrated high energy efficiency, with a low electrical energy per order (EEO) value of 0.4193 kWh·m−3·order−1. These findings suggest that the UV/CO2system is a promising alternative for the treatment of photosensitive organic pollutants and provides a beneficial pathway for CO2utilization.
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FOOD CHEMISTRY
·
2025
·
IF 9.8
Junyi Wang,Jing Wang,Yan Gao,Ning Zhang,Baoguo Sun,Fuping Zheng,Haitao Chen
Qingke (Highland barley), an indispensable crop on China's Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, was investigated for its characteristic aroma through flavoromics. A comparative analysis with barley identified 16 key aroma compounds in Qingke and 9 in barley using gas chromatography-olfactometry-mass spectrometry (GC-O-MS), aroma extract dilution analysis (AEDA), odor activity values (OAVs) and recombination and omission experiments. Therefore, 6 shared components accounted for the similarities of their aromas, including 2,3-butanedione (creamy), 2-pyrrolidinone (wheaty), γ -nonanolactone (milky), γ -valerolactone (milky), vanillin (sweet) and hexanal (grassy), and vanillin was served as a key differential marker. The 10 unique Qingke components included ( E, E )-2,4-decadienal, methional, benzeneacetaldehyde, 4-hydroxy-benzaldehyde and others. Additionally, further perceptual interaction research through the Feller additive model revealed an additive effect between vanillin and γ -nonanolactone, whereas 2-pyrrolidinone, 2-acetylthiazole, 4-vinylguaiacol and hexanal exhibited masking effects on vanillin and γ -nonanolactone, respectively. These results can provide a theoretical basis for the flavor quality control of Qingke and its products.
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ANALYTICAL LETTERS
·
2023
·
IF 2
Zhengyu Wang,Yufeng Hu,Zhiduo Ding,Hao Zhou,Jianye Zhang,Jingjing Zhan,Minghuo Wu
For the identification of trace-level organic nitrogen compounds (NCs) in gasoline, a method consisting of water-assisted dispersive solid-phase extraction (DSPE) and high-performance liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry was developed in which mixed-mode cation exchange was used as the adsorbent. To increase the DSPE efficiency, water was dispersed into the gasoline to increase the pronation of NCs and enhance the ionic interaction with the adsorbent. After systematic optimization of DSPE conditions, including the adsorbent mass, sample volume, water to gasoline ratio, sample loading time, washing and elution solvents, sensitive determination of NCs (detection limits from 0.1 to 5 ng/L for the 14 analytes) was achieved by this method with a 100-fold enrichment. A number of unknown NC isomers were observed from the extracted ion chromatograms based on the accurate determination of mass-to-charge ratio (m/z), from which two sets of isomers at theoretical m/z of 122.09643 and 136.11208 were selected for identification. By careful elucidation of the product ion spectra of the selected ions, 16 NCs were putatively identified, in which six non-aniline homologs were reported for the first time.
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JOURNAL OF SUPERCRITICAL FLUIDS
·
2023
·
IF 3.9
Wei Guo,Ben Li,Haijun Chi,Zhongliang Jiang,Liu Qing Wei,Edward D. Ramsey
Two flow selection interfaces have been developed for connecting single or linked reactors with on-line SFC equipped with UV/Vis diode-array (DAD) and mass spectrometer detectors coupled in series (SFC-DAD-MS). This process analytical technology system, enabled the study of reactions performed in supercritical fluid carbon dioxide (SF-CO 2 ). Each interface is designed to obtain on-line samples at different reaction progress points. Three single stage electrophilic annulation reactions performed in SF-CO 2 using aniline, indole and pyrrole as amine reactants to synthesize N-heterocyclic products within a stirred continuous flow reaction vessel containing montmorillonite K-10 catalyst were monitored. Also, both stages of a two step synthetic procedure conducted within two connected continuous flow reaction coil systems were monitored using on-line SFC-DAD-MS. The first step involved a Knoevenagel reaction in SF-CO 2 that provided a continuous feed to perform a second stage acetylation reaction. Use of on-line SFC-DAD-MS enabled early detection and characterization of unexpected by-products.
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BIOTECHNOLOGY LETTERS
·
2023
·Vol. 45
·期 8
·993-1000
·
IF 2.7
Peng Shuaiying,Chu Zhongmei,Lu Jianfeng,Li Dongxiao,Wang Yonghong,Yang Shengli,Zhang Yi
The self-sufficient cytochrome P450 BM3 mutant (A74G/F87V/D168H/L188Q) can serve as a biocatalyst for whole-cell catalysis process of indigo. Nevertheless, the bioconversion yield of indigo is generally low under normal cultivation conditions (37 °C, 250 rpm). In this study, a recombinant E. coli BL21(DE3) strain was constructed to co-express the P450 BM3 mutant gene and GroEL/ES genes to investigate whether GroEL/ES can promote the indigo bioconversion yield in E. coli . The results revealed that the GroEL/ES system could significantly increase the indigo bioconversion yield, and the indigo bioconversion yield of the strain co-expressing P450 BM3 mutant and GroEL/ES was about 21-fold that of the strain only expressing the P450 BM3 mutant. In addition, the P450 BM3 enzyme content and in vitro indigo bioconversion yield were determined to explore the underlying mechanism for the improvement of indigo bioconversion yield. The results revealed that GroEL/ES did not increase indigo bioconversion yield by increasing the content of P450 BM3 enzyme and its enzymatic transformation efficiency. Moreover, GroEL/ES could improve the intracellular nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH)/NADP + ratio. Given that NADPH is an important coenzyme in the catalytic process of indigo, the underlying mechanism for the improvement of indigo bioconversion yield is probably related to an increase in the intracellular NADPH/NADP + ratio.
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JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR LIQUIDS
·
2022
·
IF 6.633
Chenhua Shu,Hua Cheng,Min Zhao,Dan Luo,Feng Zhu,Haijiao Xie
In this work, three deep eutectic solvents (DESs) triethylamine/formic acid ([Et 3 N/FA]), triethylamine/acetic acid ([Et 3 N/PA]), triethylamine/propionic acid ([Et 3 N/AA]) were synthesized and were used for extractive denitrogenation of model oil. Among them [Et 3 N/PA] exhibited reasonably high extraction efficiency for both indole and quinolone. Structure optimization, electrostatic potential analysis and reduced density gradient analysis were performed to explore the synthesis mechanism of DESs and extractive denitrogenation mechanism by DESs taking [Et 3 N/PA] as a representative. The structure of [Et 3 N/PA] were characterized by FTIR and NMR. Results indicate that both strong hydrogen bond and van der Waals are the major force for DESs synthesis. Both hydrogen bonds and van der Waals are responsible for indole removal, while only van der Waals is responsible for quinolone removal. The effect of factors on extraction efficiency was also investigated and results indicate that [Et 3 N]/[PA] has the advantages of short equilibrium time, ability to deal with fuel oils with a wide range of nitrogen contents, excellent performance near room temperature. The presence of olefins and aromatics in fuel oil has negligible negative influence on the extraction efficiency of indole and quinolone. Furthermore, [Et 3 N/PA] exhibits excellent regeneration performance. Consequently, [Et 3 N/PA] is a promising extractant for fuel oil denitrogenation.
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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
·
2023
·Vol. 24
·期 3
·2395
·
IF 5.6
Yanqing Li,Yingwu Lin,Fang Wang,Jinghan Wang,Osami Shoji,Jiakun Xu
With the increasing demand for blue dyes, it is of vital importance to develop a green and efficient biocatalyst to produce indigo. This study constructed a hydrogen peroxide-dependent catalytic system for the direct conversion of indole to indigo using P450BM3 with the assistance of dual-functional small molecules (DFSM). The arrangements of amino acids at 78, 87, and 268 positions influenced the catalytic activity. F87G/T268V mutant gave the highest catalytic activity withkcatof 1402 min−1and with a yield of 73%. F87A/T268V mutant was found to produce the indigo product with chemoselectivity as high as 80%. Moreover, F87G/T268A mutant was found to efficiently catalyze indole oxidation with higher activity (kcat/Km= 1388 mM−1min−1) than other enzymes, such as the NADPH-dependent P450BM3 (2.4-fold), the Ngb (32-fold) and the Mb (117-fold). Computer simulation results indicate that the arrangements of amino acid residues in the active site can significantly affect the catalytic activity of the protein. The DFSM-facilitated P450BM3 peroxygenase system provides an alternative, simple approach for a key step in the bioproduction of indigo.
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Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology
·
2023
·
IF 5.7
Wang Qiqi,Chen Huimin,Yin Mingzhu,Cheng Xue,Xia Hui,Hu Haiming,Zheng Junping,Zhang Zhigang,Liu Hongtao
Background: Bletilla striata is one of the commonly used traditional Chinese medicine. B. striata polysaccharides (BP) and oligosaccharides (BO) are one of the main components of B. striata, which have been proved to have a variety of biological activities. However, the digestion and fermentation characteristics of BP and BO are still unclear.Methods: The study evaluated different prebiotic effects of BP and BO by in vitro simulating digestion and gut microbiota fermentation.Results: The results show that the simulating saliva partly degraded BP, but had no effect on BO. The molecular weights of BP and BO remained basically unchanged in gastric and intestinal digestion. In addition, BP and BO could be rapidly degraded and utilized by gut microbiota. During in vitro fermentation, the growth rates of the BP and BO groups were higher than that of the Control group and the pH value and total carbohydrate content in BP group and BO group decreased significantly. Although the reducing sugar level in the BO group decreased rapidly, it remained at a low level in the BP group. Both BP and BO improved the composition and structure of gut microbiota, indicative of the upregulated abundances of Streptococcus and Veillonella, and the downregulated populations of Escherichia and Bacteroides. There were differences in the SCFA production by gut microbiota and antioxidant activities between the BP and BO groups. The fermentation broth of the BP group displayed a stronger suppression of O2-, but a higher scavenging effect on DPPH for the BO group.Conclusions: BP and BO displayed different digestion and fermentation characteristics in vitro due to their distinct polymerization degrees. The study point towards the potential of BP and BO as prebiotics in the application to human diseases by selectively regulating gut microbiota in the future.
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SYNTHETIC COMMUNICATIONS
·
2023
·
IF 2.1
Jun Yang,Guang-Ping Liang,Xiong-Li Liu
To investigate the effects and mechanisms of 4-(1H-indol-1-yl)-4-oxobutanoic acid spliced podophyllotoxin derivatives (3a–3l) on tumor cells. The MTT method was adopted to evaluate (3a–3l) antitumor activity in vitro against A549 cells, A549/DDP cells, MCF-7 cells. The results showed that compound 3l had the most prominent inhibitory effect and high selectivity with IC50 18.53 ± 1.51 µM against A549/DDP cells. Meanwhile, the effects of compound 3l on the nuclear state, cell cycle and apoptosis of A549/DDP cells showed that compound 3l induced apoptosis by delaying the G2/M phase of A549/DDP cell cycle. In addition, molecular docking of compound 3l also showed that it could form a good hydrogen bond with ARG-158 (d = 2.6, 2.7 Å) and HIS-406 (d = 2.5 Å) at the colchicine site of tubulin. Compound 3l could provide lead compound for the development of new multi-drug resistant anti-tumor drugs.
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Insects
·
2023
·Vol. 14
·期 12
·930
·
IF 3
Jianjun Cheng,Jiawei Gui,Xiaoming Yao,Hong Zhao,Yujie Zhou,Yongjun Du
Simple SummaryThe rice leaf roller,Cnaphalocrocis medinalis,is a migratory insect pest threatening rice production. Monitoring its population dynamics is a critical component of the integrated management system for this pest. Plant odor-trapping has been used as a tool for population monitoring. However, there is a lack of knowledge on the molecular mechanism by which theC. medinalismoth recognizes the plant odor. In the present study, we amplified 12 odor receptor genes and tested differential expression of these genes in male and female moths ofC. medinalis. We identified the function of three olfactory receptor genes inC. medinalis.CmedOR31 was a specific receptor for geraniol, and CmedOR32 was a broad-spectrum OR receptor that responds to both foliar odor and floral scent. The ligands of CmedOR1 were linalool, phenethyl alcohol, 2-phenylethanol, and phenylacetaldehyde. CmedOR1 belonged to a unique conserved OR lineage that strongly responded to phenylacetaldehyde in the evolution ofGlossataspecies, and the OR1 expression inC. medinalisantennae was significantly higher in females than in males. CmedOR1 was the odor receptor forC. medinalisadults to locate food sources.AbstractCnaphalocrocis medinalis(Lepidoptera: Crambidae) is a migratory insect pest on rice crops. The migratoryC. medinalispopulation in a particular location may be immigrants, local populations, emigrants, or a mix of these. Immigrants are strongly attracted to plant odor. We conducted research to identify the olfactory receptors in a floral scent mixture that is strongly attractive toC. medinalis. Through gene cloning, 12 olfactory receptor (OR) genes were amplified and expressed in Xenopus oocytes in vitro, and three of them were found to be responsive to plant foliar and floral volatiles. These were CmedOR31, a specific receptor for geraniol; CmedOR32, a broad-spectrum OR gene that responded to both foliar and floral odors; and CmedOR1, which strongly responded to 10−4M phenylacetaldehyde. The electrophysiological response to phenylacetaldehyde was extremely high, with a current of 3200 ± 86 nA and an extremely high sensitivity. We compared the phylogenetic tree and sequence similarity of CmedOR genes and found that CmedOR1 belonged to a uniquely conserved OR pedigree in the evolution ofGlossataspecies, and the ORs of this pedigree strongly responded to phenylacetaldehyde. The expression of OR1 was significantly higher in the females than in the males. Localization of CmedOR1 in the antennae ofC. medinalisby fluorescence in situ hybridization showed that CmedOR1 was expressed in both males and females. CmedOR1 may be an odor receptor used by females to locate food sources. The function of these ORs and their role in pest monitoring were discussed.Keywords:functional identification;Cnaphalocrocis medinalis;floral odorant;olfactory receptor
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FOOD CHEMISTRY
·
2023
·
IF 8.8
Tao Zhan,Xiao-Zhen Feng,Yun-Yun Cheng,Guo-Cheng Han,Zhencheng Chen,Heinz-Bernhard Kraatz
We report the fabrication of a facile sensor using heme conjugated with gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) in situ on a glass carbon electrode (GCE) for the ultrasensitive determination of biotin without antibody or streptavidin. The use of heme and AuNPs as dual amplifiers allows a very broad detection range from 0.0050 to 50.0000 μmol·L −1 and a very low detection limit of 0.0016 μmol·L −1 . The mechanistic aspects were elucidated using electrochemical analyses and frontier orbital calculations showing that the electrooxidation of biotin involves a one-electron and a one-proton transfer, generating biotin sulfoxide. The heme/AuNPs/GCE sensor exhibited excellent selectivity, reproducibility and stability, indicating high robustness. The recovery was between 97.20 and 105.70% with RSD less than 8.71%, suggesting good practicability. Our studies demonstrate that this approach can be used to detect and quantify biotin in a range of foods, including milk, infant formula, flour, orange juice, mango juice, egg white and egg yolk. Furthermore, all measurements do not require any intricate preparation or pre-treatment of the foods, thus representing a great potential for point-of-care testing.
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POLYMER
·
2023
·
IF 4.6
Lin Zhou,Linfang Zhou,Shipeng Xiang,Kuibao Zhang,Mao Chen
Covalent adaptable networks relying on dynamic cross-links have been developed to make the conventional thermosets degradable and reprocessable, but the greater challenge lies in how to overcome the trade-off between excellent degradability and mechanical properties . It remains a formidable challenge to achieve complete degradation of high mechanical materials (such as epoxy) especially at more moderate conditions. Herein, dual-responsive epoxy thermosets that were serially cross-linked by double dynamic bonds of disulfide bonds and cation-π interactions were prepared from diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A (DGEBA), dithiodianiline (DTDA), N -expoxypropane-indole (EIN) and MgCl 2 . The dual-responsive epoxy exhibited moderate mechanical properties with the tensile strength of 55 MPa, while the glass transition temperature (T g ) was 85 °C. In addition, the dual-responsive epoxy could be degraded by either DTT or PPi, due to the thiol-disulfide oxidation/reduction reaction and the complexation reaction of PPi and Mg 2+ . Furthermore, the degradation times could be controlled from <100 to 2700 min with optimal conditions by varying the concentration of reactive molecules and temperature. Meanwhile, the dual-responsive epoxy also exhibited excellent reprocessing properties. The dual-responsive dynamic epoxy thermoset is expected to be useful for coatings, adhesives, and matrix polymers of composites that require controlled degradation and recyclability.
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