Interface modification has been demonstrated as an effective means to enhance the performance of perovskite solar cells. However, the effect depends on the anchoring mode and strength of the interfacial molecules, which determines whether long-term robust interface for carrier viaduct can be achieved under operational light illumination. Herein, we select squaric acid (SA) as the interfacial molecule between the perovskite and SnO 2 layer and propose a self-regulated bilateral anchoring strategy. The unique four-membered ring conjugated structure and dicarboxylic acid groups facilitate stable hydrogen bonds and coordination bonds at both SnO 2 /SA and SA/PbI 2 interfaces. The self-transforming property of SA enables the dynamic bilateral anchoring at the buried interface, ultimately releasing residual stress and constructing a stable interfacial molecular bridge. The results show that SA molecular bridge not only can effectively inhibit the generation of diverse charged defects but also serves as an effective electron transport pathway, resulting in improved power conversion efficiency (PCE) from 23.19 to 25.50% and excellent stability at the maximum power point. Additionally, the PCEs of the flexible and large-area (1 cm 2 ) devices were increased to 24.92% and 24.01%, respectively, demonstrating the universal applicability of the bilateral anchoring to PSCs based on different substrates and larger area.
First-cycle irreversible lithium loss critically limits lithium-ion battery capacity. This study proposes the design of unique cathode prelithiation material, carbon sphere-composited lithium squarate (FSL-CS). Among them, the three-dimensional conductive network fabricated through chemical precipitation significantly enhances both electronic conductivity and structural stability. Electrochemical characterization reveals that FSL-CS delivers a compensation capacity of 390.8 mAh·g −1 during initial charging, achieving 92 % efficiency in lithium release, which have high-release efficiency. Compared to unmodified one, the composite demonstrates reduced kinetic barriers with a lowered delithiation plateau voltage of 3.97 V (vs. 4.16 V for pristine material). In situ/ex situ analyses confirm the carbon sphere composite strategy establishes self-enhanced interface chemistry. This optimizes interfacial charge transfer, boosting the Li + diffusion coefficient by an order of magnitude and continuously inducing in-situ formation of a gradient organic-inorganic composite cathode electrolyte interphase. Full-cell evaluations show that NCM811||Graphite batteries with 5 % FSL-CS maintain 87.3 % capacity retention after 400 cycles at 1C, while pouch cells retain 70.2 % capacity after 1000 cycles. Theoretical calculation reveals that FSL-CS exhibits a lower lithium migration energy barrier (0.65 eV) compared to conventional Li 2 NiO 2 (1.00 eV). This work provides new design principles for stable organic prelithiation systems featuring high-release efficiency, self-enhanced interfaces, and low-voltage operation.
Continued development of clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)-powered biosensing system on the electrochemical interface is vital for accurate and timely diagnosis in clinical practice. Herein, an electrochemical biosensor based on manganese metal-organic frameworks (MOFs)-enhanced CRISPR (MME-CRISPR) is proposed that enables the efficient detection of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA). In this design, customized enzyme stimulants (Mn 2+ ) are co-assembled with Cas12a/crRNA to form enzyme-MOF composites, which can be released quickly under mild conditions. The MOFs-induced proximity effect can continuously provide adequate Mn 2+ to sufficiently interact with Cas12a/crRNA during the release process, enhancing the trans-cleavage activity of complex available for biosensor construction. The MOFs-based enzyme biocomposites also afford efficient protection against various external stimulus. It is demonstrated that the developed biosensor can achieve ultrasensitive detection of epidermal growth factor receptor L858R mutation in ctDNA with a low detection limit of 0.28 f m without pre-amplification. Furthermore, the engineered mismatch crRNA enables the biosensor based on MME-CRISPR to detect single nucleotide variant with a high signal-to-noise ratio. More importantly, it has been successfully used to detect the targets in clinical practice, requiring low-dose samples and a short time. This strategy is believed to shed new light on the applications of cancer diagnosis, treatment, and surveillance.
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