CELLULOSE
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2025
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IF 4.8
Li Xiaoqing,Chen Ruoxin,Ren Jiahao,Duan Qingfei,Liu Fengsong
This study investigated the enhancement of carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)-based films through the incorporation of gelatin and alkyl ketene dimer (AKD), aiming to address inherent limitations in hydrophobicity, film-forming capability, and mechanical strength. To further optimize film properties, three plasticizers, citric acid, glycerol, and isosorbide, were systematically evaluated for their effects on film morphology and flexibility. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses revealed extensive hydrogen bonding among CMC, gelatin, and AKD, evidenced by a marked reduction in free hydroxy groups, indicative of strong intermolecular interactions. Thermal and morphological characterizations further demonstrated that isosorbide promoted homogeneous film formation, while AKD increased surface roughness and improved water resistance. Among all tested formulations, the CMC–gelatin film incorporated with isosorbide and AKD (SCGI–AKD film) exhibited the most favorable hydrophobic performance, achieving a contact angle (CA) of 105.09°, a water solubility (WS) of 28.46%, and a reduced water vapor permeability (WVP) of 0.65 g m/m 2 s Pa. This formulation also displayed superior mechanical characteristics, including a tensile strength of 13.27 MPa, a Young’s modulus of 151.24 MPa, and an elongation at break of 38.71%. Optical measurements confirmed the compatibility of composite components, as all films maintained stable visible light transmittance. Notably, the SCGI–AKD film exhibited selective light-filtering capacity, transmitting only 29.59% for UV light at 300 nm while allowing 80.25% transmittance at 600 nm in the visible range. These findings underscore the potential of CMC–gelatin–AKD composite systems as sustainable, multifunctional packaging materials with tunable barrier, mechanical, and optical properties. Graphical Synopsis: The synergistic incorporation of AKD and isosorbide into CMC films significantly enhanced hydrophobicity, film-forming capability, and mechanical performance, underscoring their potential for application in sustainable packaging systems.
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Carbohydrate Polymer Technologies and Applications
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2025
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IF 6.5
Jiheng Xiao,Tianqi Liu,Wentian Wang,Hao Liu,Wei Chang,Yiran Zhang,Xianglin Zhang,Yingze Zhang,Bin Wu,Liming Xiong
The exposed bone wound is defined as a kind of wound with bone denuded of periosteum and the deficiency of full-thickness skin and muscles. The wound have no matrix microenvironment and is prone to infection and, hence, hard to heal. Granulation tissue is significant during wound healing, providing a matrix and resisting infection. 3D printing is adopted to fabricate dermis and epidermis regeneration. However, the porosity of most 3D-printed scaffolds is low, leading to a poor drug-loading capacity. To address these limitations, this study developed an alginate-based hierarchical porous scaffold fabricated via cryogenic bi-nozzle 3D printing, enabling dual-factor spatial delivery of VEGF and LL-37 to simultaneously promote angiogenesis and immunomodulation. The alternating dual nozzle printing allows the scaffolds to carry two biological factors with spatial distribution while maintaining the structure integrity. In vitro studies demonstrated enhanced tube formation and endothelial migration, while in vivo implantation in rabbit exposed bone wounds revealed accelerated granulation tissue regeneration and re-epithelialization. The drug-loaded scaffolds can induce the tube formation of vascular endothelial cells, assist inflammatory cells in resisting infection, and ultimately form a fully functional granulation tissue. These results demonstrate the potential clinical applicability of this immunomodulatory dual-factor scaffold for challenging exposed bone wound repair.
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SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA PART A-MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY
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2025
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IF 4.6
Tao Tian,Yifei Mao,Sheng Gong,Liang Zou,Yizong Huang,Yanshan Cui,Jinchao Wei,Peng Li
Although copper is essential for various functions in the human body, excessive intake can damage the nervous and immune systems. In this study, a new fluorescent covalent organic framework probe (DP-TFPB COF) was first reported. Relying on the rational design, the synthesized DP-TFPB COF demonstrates a distinctive fluorescence enhancement effect upon different solvent induction, achieving a quantum yield of up to 20.5 %. Then, a covalent organic framework-based ratiometric fluorescent system was developed, incorporating blue-emitting carbon dots to leverage the fluorescence energy transfer effect. Blue-emitting carbon dots served as the reference signal, while the DP-TFPB COF acted as the response unit, enabling successful quantitative detection of Cu 2+ . The mechanism study demonstrated that fluorescence quenching occurs through an electron transfer process, wherein the covalent organic framework serves as the electron donor and Cu 2+ functions as the electron acceptor. The developed method demonstrated excellent linearity for Cu 2+ within the concentration range of 0.5 to 200 μM, accompanied by a detection limit of 0.38 μM. The robust recognition capabilities exhibited significant effectiveness in the Cu 2+ analysis within herbal plants. The results correspond closely with those obtained using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, thereby emphasizing its potential applicability in real samples with complex matrix.
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PubMed
高影响因子
COLLOIDS AND SURFACES A-PHYSICOCHEMICAL AND ENGINEERING ASPECTS
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2026
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IF 5.4
Jingyi Qu,Yunbo Lei,Hao Zhang,Weixing Peng,Haotian Yu,Zunyuan Xie,Lingxiang Gao
This study demonstrates an electric-field-induced self-assembly strategy for fabricating smart iron complex-gelatin hydrogels. By applying a direct current (DC) electric field during the gelation process, gelatin/polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) interpenetrating network hydrogels containing organic iron complexes (EDTA-Fe and COS-Fe) were fabricated. The results reveal that an external electric field effectively polarizes the functional groups within the hydrogel, thereby transforming its microscopic network from a disordered state into an ordered, anisotropic structure aligned along the electric field direction. This structural ordering induces the formation of abundant heterogeneous interfaces, which significantly enhances dielectric loss via Maxwell-Wagner interfacial polarization and improves impedance matching. Consequently, the hydrogels exhibit reinforced mechanical properties and excellent microwave absorption performance. Specifically, the COS-Fe-loaded hydrogel (PGC) exhibits superior electromechanical responsiveness (Δ G = 4.13 kPa, ρ = 20%), whereas the EDTA-Fe-loaded hydrogel (PGE) demonstrates stronger tunable microwave absorption, achieving an optimal minimum reflection loss ( RL ) of −33.0 dB at 2.86 GHz under an electric field of 1.6 kV/mm.
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CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
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2026
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IF 12.5
Shuang Sun,Wen Bao,Huaqin Zhang,Xieraili Maimaitiyiming
Recent advances in flexible electronics technology have heightened demand for safe, long-life energy storage devices. This paper employs a functionally oriented and component-synergistic approach to design and prepare multifunctional hydrogel electrolytes (HEs) for constructing long-life flexible zinc-ion hybrid supercapacitors (ZHICs). The study utilized biomass gelatin as a scaffold, incorporating carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCs) and zwitterionic materials to form a physicochemical dual network. This approach constructed a multi-layered dynamic bonding network, endowing the hydrogel with self-adhesive and self-healing intelligent properties, significantly enhancing its mechanical strength and electrical conductivity. Ultimately, sodium alginate (SA) was incorporated to confer 2D printing adaptability, successfully identifying the optimal formulation composite hydrogel as the printing ink. The introduction of SA enabled the composite hydrogel to form a stable, interpenetrating network with both rigidity and toughness, exhibiting high mechanical properties (toughness is 100 MJ m −3 ), zinc plate interfacial adhesion energy is 13.96 J m −2 , alongside self-healing capabilities upon injury (10 min self-healing rate: 22.3%). Rapid ion-crosslinked HEs formed by immersing composite hydrogels in Zn 2+ solutions exhibit a conductivity of 0.34 S m −1 . The ZIHCs devices assembled from HEs have a thickness of 2 mm, operate stably under certain pressure and temperature variations, and demonstrate stable cycling characteristics exceeding 11,000 cycles. This research provides inspiration for designing flexible hydrogel electrolytes with excellent environmental adaptability.
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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
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2026
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IF 8.7
Shumaila Ijaz,Jia Wan,Mingzhou Yuan,Meifang Yin,Jun Wu,Yongzhi Liang
In the realm of flexible electronics, eutectogels have emerged as a highly promising material, outperforming hydrogels in environmental tolerance and surpassing ionogels in biosafety and economic affordability. These attributes have positioned eutectogels as a burgeoning choice for the development of multifunctional flexible devices. However, as a relatively new material, achieving optimal mechanical and electrical properties in eutectogels through conventional preparation methods has proven challenging, primarily due to the extensive hydrogen bonding present in deep eutectic solvents. To address this challenge, we incorporated natural macromolecules, specifically gelatin and carrageenan, into a polyacrylamide matrix to create a double-network eutectogel. The addition of carrageenan significantly enhanced the mechanical properties of the gel by promoting the formation of a robust hydrogen bond network among gelatin molecules. This innovation dramatically enhanced in the gel's performance, with a tensile strength of 2.58 MPa and toughness of 17.6 MJ/m 3 , representing increases of 32.3 times and 17.9 times, respectively, compared to the gel without carrageenan. Moreover, these eutectogels achieved high electrical conductivity (2.29–3.62 mS/cm) through hydrogen bonding interactions. The critical role of carrageenan in strengthening the mechanical network highlights its potential as a key component in the development of mechanically robust, ionic-conducting, and anti-freezing high-performance wearable sensors. This work not only overcomes the limitations of existing materials but also paves the way for the next generation of wearable sensors with enhanced durability and functionality.
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Nano Materials Science
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2026
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IF 20.5
Meili Xia,Yongju Gao,Jianqiang Gao,Dingxin Yin,Ruibo Tian,Wenjing Guo,Pengmin Liu,Fuqin Wu,Duxia Cao,Hao Zhang,Yang Li,Songfang Zhao,Jong-Hyun Ahn
Natural material-based conductive hydrogels are promising candidates for wearable electronics due to their excellent biocompatibility, high softness, and stable adhesion. However, it remains challenging to integrate high environmental tolerance, low interfacial impedance, high ionic conductivity, and switchable modulus and adhesion into a single platform for practical applications. Herein, we propose a material and structure concept of temperature-mediated multiple dynamic interactions and ion-electron hybrid conduction to fabricate high-performance multifunctional biogels with desired features. Skin temperature-mediated phase transition of gelatin and reversible dissociation-association of dynamic interactions allow the biogels to possess a high self-healing efficiency (95%) and reversible adhesion strength (44.96 kPa) with a switching ratio of 8.72. Ion-electron hybrid conduction facilitates the capacitive coupling process of ionic and electronic current, resulting in low interfacial impedance (56.63/29.68 k Ω at 10/100 Hz) and high electrical conductivity (ionic conductivity: 0.74 S m −1 and electronic conductivity: 0.059 S m −1 ). Benefiting from these superior properties, the multifunctional biogels demonstrate important applications in strain/pressure sensors, epidermal electrodes, and triboelectric nanogenerators. Intelligent gesture control and recognition systems are developed with the assistance of a convolutional neural network. This concept offers new opportunities for fabricating multifunctional and high-performance conductive biogels, paving the way for the development of intelligent flexible electronics.
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NEW JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY
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2026
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IF 2.6
Yanze Zhu,Yuanqing Ma,Zhihaote Yu,Peicheng Chen,Changxin Shi,Shubin Li,Weli Xu,Xiaojun Han
The bacterial infection is a major issue in the field of chronic wound healing. It is important to design a hydrogel material with good biocompatibility, water retention and antibacterial properties for the problem of bacterial infection. In this work, a dual-network antibacterial hydrogel (GSAH) with Ag+, thiolized gelatin (Gel-SH) and sodium alginate (SA) was prepared. Gel-SH formed the first network of the hydrogel through metal coordination bonds with Ag+. The metal coordination bonds between SA and Ag+ formed the second network. The compressive stress of GSAH was 660.95 KPa, and the swelling equilibrium was reached at 12 h with a swelling rate of 10.4%. The complete degradation of the hydrogel within 24 h indicated its biodegradability. The antibacterial results showed that the inhibition zones of GSAH against E. coli and S. aureus were 17.2 ± 1.6 mm and 9.5 ± 0.5 mm, respectively. GSAH holds potential for antibacterial dressing in the biomedical field.
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Small
·
2026
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IF 11.8
Yitian Zhang,Dianji Li,Minhao Liu,Ziqing Tang,Hui Yu,Min You,Qiang Chen,Xi Ding
Highly wet, dynamic, inflammatory, and fouling environments were significant challenges in the healing of diabetic oral ulcers. Inspired by the oral mucosa, a wet-adhesion Janus hydrogel (WAJH) with asymmetric bifunctionalities of antifouling/antioxidant was proposed for diabetic oral ulcer treatment. In the WAJH, the antifouling layer was composed of the agar/polyacrylamide double-network (Agar/PAAm DN) hydrogel, and the wet-adhesive layer was constructed by the poly(acrylic acid-co-2-phenoxyethyl acrylate)/tannic acid (PAEA/TA) hydrogel. The antifouling layer mimicked the oral epithelium to prevent pollutant invasion, and the adhesive layer imitated the basement membrane of oral mucosa to adhere firmly to wet diabetic oral ulcers. Importantly, the adhesion energies of the two layers were distinctly different, measuring 15 J m −2 for the antifouling layer and 316 J m −2 for the adhesive layer, respectively. Notably, TA not only significantly enhanced the toughness and wet adhesion but also endowed the WAJH with reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging and antioxidant capabilities. The WAJH remarkably accelerated the healing of oral ulcer by inhibiting inflammation at the ulcer, promoting angiogenesis, and promoting re-epithelialization in vivo. Consequently, the WAJH with antifouling and antioxidant exhibited promising prospects in the clinical treatment of diabetic oral ulcer.
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PubMed
高影响因子
FOOD HYDROCOLLOIDS
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2026
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IF 13.8
Ben Niu,Yineng Liu,Ruiling Liu,Xiangjun Fang,Weijie Wu,Hangjun Chen,Chuan Tong,Huizhi Chen,Haiyan Gao
Fresh walnuts are highly susceptible to microbial spoilage and oxidative browning, primarily due to their elevated moisture and fat content. To address this, an active Janus film (C film), fabricated from gelatin-sodium alginate and zein, was developed. This film provides a sustainable unidirectional moisture barrier and bacteriostatic properties. The active ingredient in C film is cinnamaldehyde (CIN). CIN showed 94.8% encapsulation efficiency in tannic acid nanoemulsions (CIN-Tas). Morphological analysis revealed hydrogen bonding between CIN-Tas and gelatin without significantly altering the film structure. The developed Janus film incorporating CIN-Tas exhibited enhanced thermal stability, antioxidant capacity, and mechanical properties. Water vapor permeability (WVP) values were 4.23×10 -7 and 1.49×10 -7 gPa -1 s -1 m -1 on either side, enabling external moisture barrier and internal moisture absorption. The CIN loaded films exhibited antimicrobial activity (inhibition zones: 3.19 cm against Penicillium cynodontis , 4.77 cm against Penicillium citrinum ). CIN release followed the Korsmeyer-Peppas model, sustaining release for 180 hours. A significant preservation effect was observed in fresh walnut storage experiments using C film coating. The decay rate was decreased by 20.34%. A decrease of 9.68% in malondialdehyde (MDA) content accumulation was recorded. Additionally, the rise in acid value (AV) and peroxide value (POV) was decreased by 25.21% and 7.99%, respectively. These results indicated that this packaging technology effectively inhibits microbial growth and maintains storage humidity, prolonging walnut freshness. It offers promising potential for extending food shelf life.
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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
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2026
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IF 8.7
Hong-Xiang Chu,Run-Ze Shao,Zhi-Wei Zhang,Yue-Han Sun,Ling-Yun Li,Yun-Ze Long,Jun Zhang
Burns and scalds heal slowly due to tissue loss at the wound site and the susceptibility to bacterial infection. Stem cell therapy can compensate for the missing cells at the wound site and promote wound healing. However, the activity of stem cells is easily affected by solvents and high-molecular-weight polymers, which limits the efficacy of stem cell therapy. Here, we developed a compact and portable in situ dual-channel composite electrospinning device. For the first time, this device allowed mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to be attached to the surface of polycaprolactone(PCL)/chitosan fibers. The dual-channel design prevents MSCs from contacting the spinning solution directly, thereby overcoming the negative impact of solvents on cell activity and broadening the range of solvents. This advantage is not achievable with conventional electrospinning methods that incorporate MSCs into the spinning precursor solution. The experimental results confirmed that our method combining electrospray and electrospinning enabled uniform dispersion of MSCs among the fibers, and enhanced stem cells survival, promoting their function of stem cells in the wound healing. Further experiments have confirmed that MSCs incorporation endows nanofiber dressings with antibacterial properties and promotes wound healing by inducing the secretion of epidermal growth factor. This combination of stem cell therapy and nanofibers offered a promising new approach for treating burns and scalds, suitable for both outdoor and home emergency handling.
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PubMed
高影响因子
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
·
2026
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IF 12.5
Bo Li,Kaixuan Ma,Tao Yuan,Haoran Wu,Yiming Huo,Haojue Wang,Xiao Xu,Yang Liu,Lei Yang,Kai Chen
Repairing spinal cord injury (SCI) remains hindered by two major unmet challenges: the inability to precisely reconstruct irregular lesion cavities, where tissue contraction and collapse disrupt anatomical continuity, and the lack of effective platforms for stable and localized delivery of fragile therapeutics such as exosomes, whose rapid clearance severely limits efficacy. Addressing these bottlenecks requires biomaterials that can simultaneously rebuild three-dimensional structure and orchestrate a pro-regenerative microenvironment. Here, we present a morphology-adaptive injectable microporous annealed particle scaffold (MS) for localized and long-term release of human umbilical cord MSC-derived exosomes (hucMSC-Exo). GelMA/SFMA microspheres were fabricated via solvent-free microfluidic electrospraying combined with liquid nitrogen-assisted cryo-processing, preserving exosome bioactivity. This “disassemble-and-reassemble” approach enables minimally invasive injection of microspheres into irregular lesion cavities, followed by body temperature-induced annealing and in situ photocuring to form a mechanically stable, interconnected three-dimensional scaffold, which supports cell infiltration, nutrient diffusion, and sustained exosome release. In vivo , MS@Exo suppressed inflammation and scar formation, enhanced angiogenesis, and promoted neuronal survival, axonal regeneration, and myelination, ultimately achieving superior functional recovery over MS or Exo alone, demonstrating a clear synergistic effect. Transcriptomic profiling further revealed that MS@Exo reprogrammed gene expression by downregulating extracellular matrix- and collagen-related pathways while upregulating neuronal, synaptic, and ion channel signaling networks, thereby shifting the repair process from an inflammatory-proliferative phase toward a differentiation-remodeling phase. Collectively, MS@Exo acts as an intelligent multifunctional scaffold that couples advanced fabrication with exosome-based therapy to overcome fundamental limitations in SCI repair, offering a broadly applicable strategy for reconstructing irregular tissue defects in regenerative medicine.
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