JOURNAL OF MEMBRANE SCIENCE
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2019
·
IF 7.015
Qianqian Lan,Yazhi Yang,Leiming Guo,Yong Wang
Highly permeable and cost-affordable membranes are highly desired in separation processes. Herein, such membranes are produced by designing gradient phenolics inside the macropores of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) substrates. Solutions consisting of resol, poly(ethylene oxide)/poly(propylene oxide) copolymer and ZnCl 2 are infiltrated into the macropores of PVDF. Phenolic nanoparticles and nanopores with increasing sizes are formed across the membrane thickness after fast solvent evaporation, ZnCl 2 -facilitated resol polymerization and acid soaking. The prepared gradient phenolic@PVDF membranes exhibit a permeance up to 1315 L/(m 2 h bar), which is several times higher than that of other membranes with similar rejections to bovine serum albumin (91%) and lysozyme (71%). Moreover, the membranes are robust enough to withstand a pressure of at least 12.0 bar due to the interlaced structures of phenolics and PVDF. We demonstrate that thus-produced membranes can efficiently separate and concentrate gold nanoparticles with sizes down to 5 nm. This work suggests a new strategy for rational design of gradient porosities in macroporous substrates to produce robust membranes with high permeances and tight rejections.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
化学工程
·
环境科学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
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2019
·
IF 4.175
Fei Chen,Mingyong Jia,Yulong She,Yueqi Wu,Qiang Shen,Lianmeng Zhang
In this paper, aluminum nitride (AlN) and molybdenum (Mo) were used for fabrication of AlN/Mo functionally graded materials by spark plasma sintering (SPS). In order to study the influence of microstructure on mechanical properties in AlN/Mo FGMs, the FGMs with different composition exponent p value were analyzed by indentation and bending test . The results showed that the specimens with p < 1 exhibited a metal-rich graded structure comparing to specimens with p ≥ 1. The radial bending and shear strength of AlN/Mo FGMs reached maximum when p < 1, which are 369.78 MPa and 48.01 MPa respectively. Moreover, comparing with the porosity and the ceramic/metal interface, the distribution of the two components is the most important factor for improvement of bending and shear strength. The more the hard metal network content in the graded layer, the higher the bending and shear strength of AlN/Mo FGMs.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
机械工程
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
TEXTILE RESEARCH JOURNAL
·
2024
·
IF 1.6
Yuewen Zhang,Yanli Ma,Hailiang Wu,Yanqin Shen,Yanxiao Ma,Yijun Yao,Ying Xue,Desuo Zhang
Fabrics with directional water transport performance have attracted considerable attention in daily life. They are in high demand, owing to their ability to transport sweat away from the skin to improve personal comfort. However, the fabrication of such materials has still remained a critical task. This article reports a nonwoven with the directional water transport function, achieved using a synergistic combination of a microstructure and a wettability gradient. The three-step fabrication strategy involves needling bonding of Y cross-section polyamide fiber webs with two needling densities (30 and 190 needle/cm2), followed by single-sided spraying of polydopamine–silicon carbide powder–polyethyleneimine dispersion and a fluoride-free hydrophobic agent. Using fiber webs with different needling densities endows the nonwoven fabric with a differential capillary effect, enhancing the directional water transport property. The unique microstructure achieves the directional water transport property by improving permeability at lower needling densities and hindering transport through a denser needling density in the reverse direction. At the same time, the wetting gradient effect promotes water transfer from the hydrophobic surface to the hydrophilic surface. The successful preparation of these interesting directional water transport materials offers new insights into the role of fibrous materials, the needling density of nonwovens, and the development of highly comfortable moisture-wicking textiles.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
纺织工程
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING
·
2022
·
IF 6.044
Mingyong Jia,Fei Chen,Yueqi Wu,Like Xu,Qiang Shen,Nan Jiang,Jian Sun
The metallization of AlN ceramic is a critical prerequisite for applying AlN ceramics to electronic component packaging. In this study, a concept of functionally graded materials (FGMs) was used for the metallization of AlN ceramic. Symmetrical Mo/AlN/Mo FGMs with different composition exponent p ( p =1, p <1, and p >1) were designed and fabricated by hot-press sintering. The influence of the p -value on the shear performance and fracture path of the Mo/AlN/Mo FGMs was investigated. Compared to specimens with p =1, the specimens with p <1 and p >1 show the distribution of Mo-rich and AlN-rich in the graded transition layer, respectively. The shear strength of the specimens reaches a maximum value of 48.0 MPa as p < 1 and 22.5 MPa higher than the minimum value as p > 1. Besides, three fracture paths were found for the Mo/AlN/Mo FGMs with different values of p , including the cracks propagate obliquely along the axis in the graded transition layer, the cracks penetrate through the AlN ceramic and the graded transition layer, and the cracks only propagate horizontally in a single graded layer. The crack initiation of Mo/AlN/Mo FGMs depends on the strength of each graded layer. Moreover, the directions of fracture paths are closely related to the strength of the ceramic interlayer and the composition exponent p .
研究领域:
材料科学
·
工程学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE
·
2024
·
IF 6.3
Yanxia Luo,Shuai Li,Lei Xiao,Yuqin Teng,Rong Tian,Tao Li,Yanhua Liu,Dianming Li,Libang Feng
Solar-driven interfacial evaporation is an eco-friendly and promising method for producing fresh water. Herein, a photothermal fiber membrane with gradient wettability was fabricated using hydrophilic polyacrylonitrile and hydrophobic polystyrene by Side-by-Side electrospinning technology, which can achieve salt resistance and evaporation durability at the same time. The electrospinning fiber membrane skeleton has high porosity, facilitating water transport and steam overflow. Gradient wettability can ensure a sufficient water supply to the photothermal layer and facilitate heat-mass transport in the gradient structure, thereby improving the heat utilization ratio. The evaporation rate for water is maintained at about 1.28 kg m −2 h −1 over 10 cycles. In addition, when the prepared membrane was utilized for desalination, evaporation of acid and alkaline solutions, and wastewater treatment containing organic dyes, the condensed water collected met the drinking-water standards established by the World Health Organization. This study provides a way to design gradient wettability materials used for sustainable and efficient solar-driven interfacial evaporation.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
环境科学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF CATALYSIS
·
2016
·
IF 7.354
Lin Li,Rong Chen,Xun Zhu,Qiang Liao,Hong Wang,Liang An,Muxing Zhang
In this work, a novel photoanode with a cascading gradient pore microstructure is proposed to enhance photoelectrochemical and photocatalytic activities, which consists of a nanocrystalline TiO 2 layer synthesized by the sol–gel method, a microporous layer, and a macroporous layer formed by adding PEG and PMMA as the template, respectively. The gradient pore microstructure can not only enhance the mass and photon transfer and improve the light utilization, but also increase the electrical conductivity and restrain the recombination of photoexcited electron–hole pairs. Furthermore, the cascading design helps to establish tighter interparticle connections between layers. Because of these merits, it has been found that the cascading gradient pore microstructured photoanode exhibited a 63% improvement over the conventional photoanode in terms of photoelectrochemical activity. This new design also enhanced the photocatalytic activity, leading to a much higher methylene blue degradation efficiency (76.7%) than that of conventional photoanodes (62.5%). The effect of the PMMA/TiO 2 ratio on the structure and performance of the proposed photoanode was also investigated. The highest performance was achieved with a PMMA/TiO 2 ratio of 1:1. The obtained results establish a new avenue for designing the photoanodes of photoelectrochemical systems.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
能源科学
·
环境科学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
COMBUSTION AND FLAME
·
2021
·
IF 4.185
Yaofeng Mao,Qianqian He,Jun Wang,Zijian Li,Zhijian Yang,Fude Nie,DunJu Wang
Polytetrafluoroethylene/Aluminum (PTFE/Al) composite with high energy density and combustion reaction performance has received widespread attention in the field of propellants, explosives, and pyrotechnics. In order to precisely control combustion reaction and energy output performance, gradient structured PTFE/Al composite (mass and diameter gradient) has been designed and constructed through 3D printing technology . PTFE/Al ink is prepared by acoustic resonance mixing to control rheological properties (viscosity and modulus) for 3D printing technology. The largest reaction heat (7749.95 J/g) and burning rate (~130 mm/s) are achieved for gradient lines with diameter of 2.42 mm and mass ratio of 60:40 (PTFE/Al). Moreover, the progressive change from steady combustion to deflagration containing three stages of pressure output is observed for gradient structured PTFE/Al cylinder. This work reveals that gradient structure could provide new strategy to tune energy output and combustion performances, which can promote the practical application of PTFE/Al reactive materials.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
能源工程
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
·
2021
·
IF 9.028
Longqian Xu,Yunfeng Mao,Yang Zong,Shuai Peng,Xiaomeng Zhang,Deli Wu
The stack configuration in flow-electrode capacitive deionization (FCDI) has been verified to be an attractive and feasible strategy for scaling up the desalination process. However, challenges still exist when attempting to simultaneously improve the desalination scale and the cell configuration. Here, we describe a novel stack FCDI configuration (termed a gradient FCDI system) based on a membrane-current collector assembly, in which the charge neutralization enables the in situ regeneration of the flow electrodes in the single cycle operation, thereby realizing a considerable increase in the desalinating performance. By evaluating standardized metrics such as the salt rejection, productivity (P), average salt removal rate (ASRR), energy-normalized removed salt (ENRS), and TEE, the results indicated that the gradient FCDI system could be a performance-stable and energy-efficient alternative for scale-up desalination. Under optimal operating conditions (carbon content = 10 wt %, feed salinity = 3000 mg L–1, cell voltage = 1.2 V, and productivity = 56.7 L m–2 h–1), the robust desalination performance (ASRR = 1.07 μmol cm–2 min–1) and energy consumption (ENRS = 7.8 μmol J–1) of the FCDI system with a desalination unit number of four were verified at long-term operation. In summary, the stacked gradient FCDI system and its operation mode described here may be an innovative and promising strategy capable of enlarging the scale of desalination while realizing performance improvement and device simplification.
研究领域:
环境科学
·
化学工程
·
水处理技术
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
Results in Physics
·
2021
·
IF 4.476
Lin Bo,Yongpeng Wang,Wenying Wang,Lei Wang,Fujin Li,Min Zuo,Yanzhen Ma,Degang Zhao
The ternary Cu 3 SbSe 4 thermoelectric material with diamond-like structure exhibit good thermoelectric performance in the middle temperature region. In this study, the Cu 3− x Ni x SbSe 4 ( x = 0–0.03) materials were fabricated by melting-ball milling-hot pressing process. The influences of grain size and compositional gradient on the microstructure and thermoelectric properties of Cu 3− x Ni x SbSe 4 were evaluated. It is found that the electrical conductivity of Cu 2.97 Ni 0.03 SbSe 4 was about 33% higher than that of Cu 3 SbSe 4 sample, and the lattice thermal conductivity was reduced from 3.3 Wm −1 K −1 to 2.4 Wm −1 K −1 at room temperature due to the grain refinement and more V Se defects. The maximum zT value for the Cu 2.97 Ni 0.03 SbSe 4 sample was 0.62 at 650 K.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
凝聚态物理
·
功能材料
·
热电材料
·
半导体材料
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
·
2020
·
IF 5.774
Hong Wang,Meng Wang
Membrane technologies should have great practical significance in the reclamation of waste acid. In this work, based on unique proton transfer mechanism, a proton permselective membrane is optimally prepared by self-assembly method and used for the waste acid reclamation by the membrane-based processes under different driving forces, such as pressure (PDMP), electric field (EDMP) and concentration gradient (CDMP). Above all, as-prepared membranes are understood from relevant perspectives, including chemical composition, structural morphology and fabricating conditions. Moreover, the effects of series of operating conditions on the corresponding work performances of waste acid recycling processes are explored. At last, a work performance index (WPI) is defined to compare the above membrane processes. Results indicate that PDMP has high processing capacity, whereas EDMP can recover acid with a high concentration. By contrast, CDMP is less energy-consuming. Accordingly, there is no single membrane process which can be regarded as the best choice because they all embrace their own strengths and weaknesses. That is, the combined use of multiple membrane processes and even coupling with other unit operations will be the highlight of future development.
研究领域:
化学工程
·
环境科学
·
材料科学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
·
2024
·
IF 13.3
Lin Xu,Ming Chen,Guohu Chen,Hongli Wu,Wenwei Wu,Xuehang Wu
As a high-capacity, high-voltage, and low-cost cathode material for sodium-ion batteries (SIBs), Na/Mn-based hexacyanoferrates (Na x Mn[Fe(CN) 6 ] 1−y ·□ y ·nH 2 O) typically exhibit poor structural reversibility and interfacial stability during cycling. In this study, we report the in-situ construction of a triphasic intergrowth Na/Mn/Zn-based hexacyanoferrate (mcr-Zn 0.2 Mn 0.8 ) with concentration-gradient Zn distribution by an anion-controlled fractional precipitation route. Density functional theory calculations verify that the unique heterostructure arises from the different binding energies between cations and anions. A small amount of Zn 2+ doping in the inner cubic/monoclinic phases enhances their structural reversibility during cycling by impeding lattice deformation induced by the Jahn–Teller effect of Mn 3+ . Meanwhile, the rhombohedral Zn-based hexacyanoferrate epitaxially grown on the surface diminishes the particle size of mcr-Zn 0.2 Mn 0.8 resulting in short Na + diffusion distance, and provides interface protection that suppresses detrimental electrolyte decomposition. Consequently, mcr-Zn 0.2 Mn 0.8 exhibits a high discharge capacity of 121.1 mAh/g at 15 mA g −1 , improved cycling stability at 750 mA g −1 with a capacity retention of 65.0 % after 2000 cycles, and enhanced rate capability with a discharge capacity of 71.4 mAh/g at 6000 mA g −1 . The successful implementation of simultaneous surface and bulk modifications through a one-step reaction opens new possibilities for developing high-performance hexacyanoferrate cathode materials for SIBs.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
电化学
·
能源存储
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
COMPOSITES PART A-APPLIED SCIENCE AND MANUFACTURING
·
2022
·
IF 9.463
Pengyang Li,Haowen Zheng,Xu Zhao,Renjie Ding,Fuhua Xue,Jinhua Xiong,Zhong Chen,Qingyu Peng,Xiaodong He
Pressure sensors still face a great challenge to combine wide pressure range and high sensitivity into a sensor. Herein, we designed a tension–compression conversion structure and introduced a stiffness gradient design strategy to fabricate pressure sensors. This tension–compression conversion mechanism can convert the sensing performance of two–dimensional (2D) stretchable materials into the compressive sensing performance of devices, thus providing rich designability for sensors. The stacking of multilayer sawtooth structures allows the sensors to perceive pressure with high sensitivity (1.4 N −1 or 0.2 kPa −1 ) and provide linear sensing over a very wide pressure range (0.005–45.6 N or 0.035–316.7 kPa). Moreover, due to the open structure of the device, the sensor has the ability to work stably in underwater environments. This method of designing pressure sensing devices with two–dimensional stretchable strain sensors as sensing units will provide new ideas for the design of future sensors.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
传感器技术
·
力学工程
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）