INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
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2025
·
IF 8.5
Nasim Ullah,Adeel Ahmed,Muhammad Adnan,Raza Ullah,Muzamil Ahmad,Ikram Ullah,Muhammad Rashid,Qian Zhang,Muhammad Fayaz,Bing Yu,Hailin Cong
In this particular investigation, zinc chloride ZnCl 2 was utilized as activating agent in the process to produce activated carbon from vegetable waste of okra. The AC was further incorporated into calcium carbonate and polyvinylpyrrolidone/sodium alginate polymer to prepare modified activated carbon based composite hydrogel beads adsorbent (Ca-ACHB). This adsorbent was utilized to remove methylene blue (MB) from water. The (Ca-ACHB) adsorbent was characterized used different analytical instrument like Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermogravimetric (TGA), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The batch adsorption test was utilized in order to ascertain the removal of MB. The BET specific surface area of (Ca-ACHB) was 3.21 mg 2 /g and total pore volume of 0.015 m 3 /g. A sequence of adsorption assessments was conducted at a range of different conditions, including pH (2–11), dosage (0.0025–0.020 g), time (5–360 min), initial concentration (25–150 mg/L) as well as temperature (298–318 K). Whereas kinetic study is well-defined by pseudo-2nd order (R 2 = 0.884). This shows that chemisorption process take place on (Ca-ACHB) adsorbent surface. The Freundlich isotherm (R 2 = 0.987) was better followed by the equilibrium data which specified that multilayer adsorption occurred on (Ca-ACHB) adsorbent. The maximum absorption capacity of adsorbent was 119.92 mg/g using 100 mg/L of MB concentration. The acknowledged outcomes from Gibbs free energy (ΔGᴼ) and enthalpy (ΔHᴼ) constants was −1.83 to −2.17 and 4.98 kJ/mol respectively. These outcomes indicated that adsorption process was endothermic and spontaneous. The reusability of the (Ca-ACHB) adsorbent was examined across various regeneration cycles.
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LUMINESCENCE
·
2025
·Vol. 40
·期 11
·e70328
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IF 3
Tingting Lei,Yating Xu,Siyi Tan,Jiafu Xiao,Shaojing Zhao,Minhuan Lan
An ability to effectively detect glyphosate residues in food and the environment on-site remains a challenge. Herein, we developed a ratiometric fluorescent sensing platform based on blue fluorescent carbon dots (B-CDs) and red carbon dots (R-CDs) for rapid, visual, and quantitative detection of glyphosate. Although B-CDs, which were functionalized with abundant amino and hydroxyl groups, caused glyphosate-mediated aggregation-caused quenching (ACQ) via hydrogen bonding effect, R-CDs acted as a stable internal reference. The system could detect glyphosate in one step within 20 s and had a low detection limit of 2.87 μM. During the detection process, the fluorescent color changes from blue to red. On-site detection can be achieved by using the RGB analysis integrated in the smartphone. The sensor had high selectivity to glyphosate, despite the presence of metal ions, biomolecules, and various pesticides. It was successfully applied to detect actual water samples with recovery rates of 81.8%–96.6% (RSD ≤ 11.1%). With its rapid response, smartphone compatibility, and robustness in detecting complex matrices, the proposed sensor has promising potential for the monitoring of glyphosate in agricultural and environmental samples.
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Research
·
2025
·
IF 10.7
Pengzhen Zhuang,Liang Chen,Yu Zhang,Wu Yang,Yu Chen,Longxi Wu,Lei Xiang,Zhen Wang,Jessica M. Rosenholm,Guilai Zuo,Tingjun Ye,Hongbo Zhang,Wenguo Cui
A solid-liquid interface lubrication system composed of tissue and synovial fluid ensures the physiological functions of the tendon-bone (TB). However, after the TB tears, stress concentration and friction disrupt the solid-liquid interface lubrication of the TB and disturb its healing. Herein, solid-liquid interface lubrication hydrogels (MnCaP/HS) are constructed by encapsulating ion-coordinated calcium manganese phosphate microgels into covalent/ionic-cross-linked hyaluronic acid/sodium alginate dual networks. Solid lubrication interfaces are thus formed at the damaged TB through surface hydrogen bonding and ionic toughening and continuously release the biolubrication components into tissue fluid for rolling lubrication layers and liquid lubrication films. This long-lasting lubricating property and MnCaP synergistically improve the immune-regenerative microenvironment of the TB. In vitro, MnCaP/HS increases the toughness by 600% and reduces the friction coefficient at the solid-liquid interface by 60% compared with those of the phosphate-buffered saline group. Moreover, it releases metal ions to promote the anti-inflammation of macrophages and the cartilage-bone gradient differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. In vivo, the maximum load and stiffness of tendons in the MnCaP/HS group increase by 102% and 75%, respectively while exerting long-lasting anti-inflammation to inhibit scarring and complete microstructural reconstruction. Thus, MnCaP/HS provides new solutions for TB reconstruction by providing long-lasting lubrication and a regenerative microenvironment.
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SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA PART A-MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY
·
2025
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IF 4.6
Tao Tian,Yifei Mao,Sheng Gong,Liang Zou,Yizong Huang,Yanshan Cui,Jinchao Wei,Peng Li
Although copper is essential for various functions in the human body, excessive intake can damage the nervous and immune systems. In this study, a new fluorescent covalent organic framework probe (DP-TFPB COF) was first reported. Relying on the rational design, the synthesized DP-TFPB COF demonstrates a distinctive fluorescence enhancement effect upon different solvent induction, achieving a quantum yield of up to 20.5 %. Then, a covalent organic framework-based ratiometric fluorescent system was developed, incorporating blue-emitting carbon dots to leverage the fluorescence energy transfer effect. Blue-emitting carbon dots served as the reference signal, while the DP-TFPB COF acted as the response unit, enabling successful quantitative detection of Cu 2+ . The mechanism study demonstrated that fluorescence quenching occurs through an electron transfer process, wherein the covalent organic framework serves as the electron donor and Cu 2+ functions as the electron acceptor. The developed method demonstrated excellent linearity for Cu 2+ within the concentration range of 0.5 to 200 μM, accompanied by a detection limit of 0.38 μM. The robust recognition capabilities exhibited significant effectiveness in the Cu 2+ analysis within herbal plants. The results correspond closely with those obtained using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, thereby emphasizing its potential applicability in real samples with complex matrix.
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Scientific Reports
·
2026
·
IF 4.9
Peng Xiaoxia,Gong Qiang,Gao Ruirui,Ci Xiaorui,Jin Zilu,Dou Zhifang,Song Jianfang,Song Lijuan
This study demonstrated that extraction temperature serves as a critical parameter for modulating the structural characteristics and Pb 2+ adsorption performance of natural low methoxyl pectin derived from sunflower ( Helianthus annuus ) heads, an abundant agricultural byproduct. Pectin extracted at 100 °C for 3 h (AHP) exhibited a lower molecular weight ( M w , 78.2 kDa), higher galacturonic acid (GalA) content (83.32%±3.52%), and lower degree of esterification (DE, 26.34%±1.52%) compared to its low-temperature counterpart (LHP, extracted at 80 °C for 1 h, 84.68%±3.86% GalA, 29.32%±2.18% DE, and bimodal M w of 316.4 and 115.7 kDa) and commercial citrus pectin (CP, 76.83%±3.74% GalA, 83.24%±3.22% DE, and M w of 573.1 kDa). Consequently, AHP achieved a superior Pb 2+ adsorption capacity of 295.86 mg/g, exceeding that of LHP and CP by 25.7% and 76.6%, respectively. The adsorption process was best described by the Langmuir isotherm and pseudo-second-order kinetic models ( R 2 > 0.99), indicating a monolayer, chemisorption-dominated mechanism. Integrated characterization using FT-IR, XPS, SEM-EDS, BET and competitive adsorption experiments revealed that the enhanced performance of AHP originated from the synergistic effect of a high content of accessible carboxyl groups and a reduced M w that minimized chain entanglement. This combination enhanced active-site accessibility and promoted the formation of an open, permeable, ion-crosslinked network upon Pb 2+ coordination. This work repositioned extraction from a mere isolation step to a rational design strategy for high-performance biosorbents, offering a sustainable approach to valorize agricultural residues into effective materials for heavy metal remediation.
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GREEN CHEMISTRY
·
2026
·
IF 10.6
Ruojin Shen,Chao Wang,Keqin Zhang,Changyi Zhu,Lupeng Shao,Kai Zhang,Xianhai Zeng,Feng Xu,Guihua Yang,Jiachuan Chen
The complete valorization of lignocellulosic biomass is pivotal to realizing the economic viability and environmental sustainability of next-generation biorefineries. Herein, we developed a sustainable and highly selective fractionation strategy for bamboo using a glyoxylic acid-mediated deep eutectic solvent (DES) composed of tetrabutylammonium bromide and glyoxylic acid monohydrate (TBAB-GA). Treatment with the DES at 130 °C efficiently removed 79.62% of lignin, yielding carboxyl-enriched lignin while retaining 84.33% of cellulose in the solid residue. Notably, the incorporation of 30 wt% water allowed the process to be conducted at a reduced temperature (110 °C) while further enhancing the delignification efficiency from 60.76% to 85.94%. Critically, the extracted lignin exhibited an exceptionally high content of β-O-4 linkages (34.51/100Ar; 77.46% retention), indicating minimal structural condensation. This well-preserved β-O-4 content directly enabled efficient catalytic hydrogenolysis, affording aromatic monomers in a high yield of 25.45%. Leveraging the intact biopolymers, we further fabricated uniform cellulose nanofibers (CNFs) and lignin nanoparticles (LNPs), which were subsequently incorporated into alginate-based composite gel beads. These beads demonstrated an excellent protein adsorption capacity (1283 mg g−1) and pronounced selectivity toward positively charged proteins, highlighting their potential for sustainable bioseparation technologies. This work establishes a mild, efficient, and fully integrated DES-based platform that enables the concurrent production of high-purity cellulose and structurally intact lignin from raw biomass, thereby advancing the paradigm of holistic lignocellulose valorization in alignment with green chemistry principles.
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Analytical Methods
·
2026
·
IF 3
Xixuan Chen,Lei Zheng,Rongzhen Ma,Phong H. N. Vo,Jiaxin Ni,Songjun Guo
This study presents an improved ethanol-mediated solvothermal method for synthesizing malic acid/urea-derived carbon dots (MUCDs) for the highly selective and sensitive detection of mercury ions (Hg2+). The detection limit was enhanced by over an order of magnitude compared to previous methods employing similar precursors, achieving a limit of detection of 88.46 nmol L−1, which meets the European Union standard for mercury discharge in industrial wastewater (250 nmol L−1). Pyrophosphate (P2O74−) has been used as a highly effective masking agent for Fe3+, substantially boosting the probe's performance in complex matrices. With practical application in mind, the environmental safety of these carbon dots was proactively evaluated using a zebrafish model. The assessment demonstrated no significant toxicity at concentrations up to 100 mg L−1, establishing a 10-fold safety margin relative to the operational dosage. Fluorescence imaging revealed accumulation specifically in the intestinal tract, with no distribution to vital organs, confirming their environmental safety. Under optimized conditions, the MUCDs achieved a quenching efficiency of 0.82 in the presence of 25 µmol per L Hg2+ at a concentration of 10 mg L−1, while also demonstrating thermal stability and pH tolerance. Spike-recovery tests in tap water, river water, and metallurgical wastewater samples yielded satisfactory recoveries ranging from 93.85% to 101.86%. Based on the characterization of MUCDs and the MUCDs–Hg2+ complex, the observed quenching mechanism was explained by chelation between Hg2+ and surface functional groups, leading to aggregation, static quenching, and enhanced Rayleigh scattering. This study highlights the critical importance of incorporating comprehensive environmental safety assessments into the development of functional nanomaterials.
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Inorganic Chemistry Frontiers
·
2026
·
IF 6.2
Hussin Elkik,Muhammad Mujahid Iqbal,Aqsa Munawar,Zhihua Yang,Fangfang Zhang,Shilie Pan
The progress of all-inorganic Ruddlesden–Popper (RP) perovskites broadens the selection of materials suitable for optoelectronic applications, especially in improving stability and performance. Two new alkali metal calcium halide nitrate-based layered RP perovskite variants, Rb2Ca(NO3)2Cl2 and Cs2Ca(NO3)2Cl2, have been synthesized through a facile solution evaporation method. Remarkably, the title compounds exhibit a unique RP perovskite-like nitrate layered structure with significant birefringence (0.099–0.104@546 nm) and short ultraviolet (UV) absorption wavelengths (220–225 nm). In-depth structural investigation and theoretical analyses indicate that the birefringence substantially arises from the planar triangular [NO3] groups. This study not only enhances the structural diversity of layered perovskites but also provides an effective strategy for the continued investigation of all-inorganic birefringent optical materials in the UV region.
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ANALYTICA CHIMICA ACTA
·
2026
·
IF 6.1
Junyuan Shi,Zihang Yin,Dejin Lin,Dingfeng Wang,Siting Peng,Wendi Xiao,Houwen Hu,Jiong Cheng,Da Chen
The pervasive issue of pharmaceutical overuse in agriculture and veterinary practice has led to the alarming accumulation of drug residues within the global food supply chain, posing a direct and escalating threat to consumer safety. Among these contaminants, compounds such as chlorogenic acid (CGA) and tinidazole (TNZ) are of particular concern due to their potential to provoke allergic responses and cause long-term adverse health effects. There is an urgent need for the development of rapid and reliable detection techniques capable of on-site monitoring to effectively mitigate these risks and ensure food safety. Herein, our work develops an innovative ratiometric sensing strategy that utilizes the dual-excitation properties of nitrogen-doped carbon dots (N-CDs) to simultaneously detect CGA and TNZ. Remarkably, as a fluorescent nanoprobe, N-CDs are capable of detecting CGA over a concentration range of 0.036-40 μM with a limit of detection (LOD) of 36 nM, which is attributed to static quenching (SQE) and the inner filter effect (IFE). Differently, the addition of TNZ results in fluorescence quenching of N-CDs via localization of inner filter effect (L-IFE), presenting the LOD of 68 nM within the 0.068-25 μM range. Furthermore, a portable smartphone-assisted platform which incorporates the N-CDs/PVA composite film successfully enables visual detection of CGA and TNZ with satisfactory recoveries in real samples. These results suggest that the developed portable smartphone-assisted fluorescence platform enables accurate dual-target detection of CGA and TNZ while offering outstanding stability and reproducibility suitable for on-site applications. Consequently, our methodology presents a versatile and practical strategy for real-time pharmaceutical residue screening, significantly advancing food safety monitoring capabilities.
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Advanced Optical Materials
·
2026
·
IF 7.2
Kuoying Qiao,Ge Wu,Yi Cao,Yiyong Wu,Chongyang Sun,Jianyu Huang,Shuyang Yang,Cheng Zhong,Haihan Zhou,Yi Lu
The mechanical mismatch between optogenetic implants and soft biological tissues greatly limits their in vivo performance, particularly in the precise modulation of neural circuits that undergo substantial deformation during spontaneous physiological activities. These challenges have long hindered stable and accurate optogenetic investigations of both the central and peripheral nervous systems in freely behaving animals. Here, we present a Wireless, Implantable, and Stretchable Device for Optogenetic Modulation (WISDOM), fabricated through a low-cost and laboratory-reproducible process. Inspired by the tendril mechanics of climbing plants, WISDOM integrates a 3D helical stretchable interconnect structure, endowing the device with exceptional stretchability of up to 91%. Weighing only 0.85 g, WISDOM exhibits excellent encapsulation stability, mechanical robustness, and well-controlled thermal performance, enabling fully implantable and untethered optogenetic modulation in free-moving rodents. Moreover, its customizable µ-LED architecture supports site-specific, multi-site, and patterned surface stimulation, allowing precise modulation across the brain, peripheral nerves, and visceral organs. Overall, WISDOM provides a versatile and long-term stable platform for precise regulation of neural activity throughout the entire organism, offering transformative potential for future diagnostic and therapeutic strategies targeting neurological, cardiovascular, and metabolic disorders.
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Small
·
2026
·
IF 11.8
Zefang Dong,Jiaxin Bai,Guoxu Liu,Beibei Fan,Jie Cao,Ziyue Wang,Xianpeng Fu,Chi Zhang
Harvesting energy from dispersed water sources (e.g., rain, atmospheric moisture) offers a promising route for powering distributed low-power electronics. However, most existing water-enabled electric generators exploit only a single phase of water, overlooking their coexistence and causing inefficient utilization of the hydrological cycle energy. Here, inspired by the Janus wetting properties of lotus leaves, we present a liquid-gas dual-phase water energy harvester capable of simultaneously harvesting energy from liquid-phase and gas-phase water. This dual-function device features a hydrophobic top surface that converts the kinetic energy of water droplets into pulsed electricity, and a hydrophilic bottom surface embedded with ionic hydrogels that absorb moisture and convert moisture-induced ion-concentration gradients and electrochemical potentials into continuous electricity. With a maximum power density of 78.91 µW cm −2 , a 36 cm × 28 cm array can generate a continuous voltage of 8.2 V and a current of 5.6 mA, and additional transient voltage pulses up to 150 V and pulsed currents of 0.3 mA are superimposed under rainfall at 16.5 mm min −1 , sufficient to power a road lamp and mobile phones in real time. The coplanar-electrode design ensures favorable scalability, making it a promising solution for off-grid IoT deployments across water-rich remote or outdoor environments.
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JOURNAL OF FOOD PROCESS ENGINEERING
·
2026
·Vol. 49
·期 2
·e70338
·
IF 3.5
Yingjian Liu,Chenhong Zhong,Haoxuan Li,Dingjin Li,Chunli Deng,Yipeng Gu,Mubo Song
Mango, as a highly perishable climacteric fruit, incurs significant postharvest losses due to rapid ripening and spoilage. To address this challenge, environmentally friendly bioactive coating technology has emerged as a promising preservation strategy. This study developed a novel coating based on fish gelatin (FG), enhanced by a metal-phenolic network (MPN) formed through the coordination between tannic acid (TA) and Fe 3+ ions. By systematically optimizing the molar ratio of TA to Fe 3+ , the formulation with a 0.2% Fe 3+ concentration (FG/MPN 2 ) was identified as optimal, exhibiting the best system stability (zeta potential: +16.32 ± 1.21 mV) and micro-uniformity (PDI < 0.3). Structural analyses via Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and scanning electron microscopy confirmed the formation of a stable composite structure within the FG matrix. Benefiting from this, the FG/MPN 2 coating demonstrated significantly enhanced barrier properties, interfacial adhesion, and excellent antioxidant activity. Finally, the coating was applied to mango preservation (25°C, 60% RH). The preservation results indicated that the coating could significantly inhibit weight loss, maintain higher fruit firmness (17.92 ± 0.50 N) on the 12th day, effectively delay color yellowing, and reduce lipid peroxidation damage, thereby extending the shelf life.
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危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）