ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS
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2023
·Vol. 34
·期 2
·2309269
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IF 19
Jianwei Jing,Huan Liu,Xiaodong Wang
The rapid development of infrared surveillance technologies has attracted great attention for scientists to design advanced functional materials with prominent infrared stealth and thermal camouflage effectiveness. In the current study, a sandwich-like functional composite based on a crosslinked polyimide aerogel, a meso-erythritol (mE)-based phase-change composite, and an MXene film has been developed to achieve long-term thermal camouflage at elevated temperatures. In this composite system, the lower aerogel layer can act as a barrier to insulate heat transfer through its layer-stacking structure under ultralow directional thermal conduction. The introduction of the middle phase-change composite layer ensures that the composite system obtains a dynamical temperature-regulation capability through sensible and latent heat absorption of mE as a phase change material, while the upper MXene layer provides a very low emissivity surface for the system. As a result, the developed composite achieves a significant reduction in the thermal radiation temperature of a high-temperature target. Moreover, the MXene film exhibits good electromagnetic interference shielding effectiveness, making the sandwich-like composite obtain a thermal camouflage capability in various complicated scenarios. This work provides a promising approach for the design of advanced functional materials to realize long-term infrared stealth and thermal camouflage of high-temperature targets in security protection and counter-surveillance.
研究领域:
材料科学
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热工程
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电磁干扰屏蔽
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红外监视
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
ADVANCED MATERIALS
·
2025
·
IF 26.8
Qingkai Chen,Shijun Zhao,Yu Han,Yancheng Wang,Deqing Mei,Qiang Li,Keqiao Li,Yang Li
Dynamic thermal camouflage conceals objects from infrared detection by modulating surface emissivity to match the thermal signature of the background. However, existing emissivity modulation systems fail to perform effectively across both hot backgrounds, such as sun-heated buildings and roads, and cold backgrounds, such as open fields. Here, an adaptive metaskin capable of operating in either active (externally powered) or passive mode is demonstrated, enabling effective camouflage across diverse thermal environments. This is achieved through the synergistic integration of a plasmonic MXene metasurface and a reprogrammable liquid crystal elastomer. The metaskin offers both a wide, continuously tunable emissivity range (≈41%) and a rapid temperature response (1.2 s), selectively triggered in the passive mode. In cold backgrounds (e.g., 20 °C), the system operates in an active mode, delivering a non-volatile low-emissivity state that conceals objects across a wide temperature range (e.g., 20–120 °C). In hot backgrounds (e.g., 50 °C), it switches to passive mode, autonomously modulating its emissivity and maintaining an average infrared contrast of just 4.7 °C for objects of 50–120 °C. This dual-mode design is expected to address the challenges of active and passive thermal camouflage, opening new possibilities for dynamic thermal radiation management.
研究领域:
材料科学
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光学
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热工技术
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纳米技术
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红外成像
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智能材料
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Polymers
·
2025
·Vol. 17
·期 15
·2110
·
IF 4.9
Yi Wang,Ze Wang,Tong Feng,Jiandong Chen,Enkai Lin,An Xie
Electrochromic devices (ECDs) capable of modulating both visible color and infrared (IR) emissivity are promising for applications in smart thermal camouflage and multifunctional displays. However, conventional transmissive ECDs suffer from limited IR modulation due to the low IR transmittance of transparent electrodes. Here, we report a reflection-type electrochromic zinc-ion battery (HWEC-ZIB) using a self-doped polyaniline nanorod film (SP(ANI-MA)) as the active layer. By positioning the active material at the device surface, this structure avoids interference from transparent electrodes and enables broadband and efficient IR emissivity tuning. To prevent electrolyte-induced IR absorption, a thermal lamination encapsulation method is employed. The optimized device achieves emissivity modulation ranges of 0.28 (3–5 μm) and 0.19 (8–14 μm), delivering excellent thermal camouflage performance. It also exhibits a visible color change from earthy yellow to deep green, suitable for various natural environments. In addition, the HWEC-ZIB shows a high areal capacity of 72.15 mAh cm−2at 0.1 mA cm−2and maintains 80% capacity after 5000 cycles, demonstrating outstanding electrochemical stability. This work offers a versatile device platform integrating IR stealth, visual camouflage, and energy storage, providing a promising solution for next-generation adaptive camouflage and defense-oriented electronics.
研究领域:
材料科学
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电化学
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光电子学
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储能技术
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国防技术
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
COMPOSITES PART B-ENGINEERING
·
2025
·
IF 14.2
Yibo Wang,Chenghao Wang,Qianqian Fan,Mengfan Pei,Xin Jin,Changhong Xiao,Jinyan Wang,Xigao Jian,Lishuai Zong
The static and single-functional nature of conventional thermal management and camouflage materials severely limits their adaptability to dynamic environmental conditions. Herein, a Janus composite film (P s P n M) integrating multiple thermoregulation methods and tunable infrared signature is reported. The film consists of poly (arylene ether sulfone ketone) (PPESK)/titanium Dioxide (TiO 2 ) layer (P s ), PPESK/n-octadecane layer (P n ), and MXene layer. The Ps side with a micro/nano-porous structure exhibits high solar reflectivity (0.900) and high infrared emissivity (0.954), enabling passive radiative cooling (PRC) that can reduce the temperature by 8.6 °C. The finger-like pore structure within the Pn layer facilitates the adsorption and accommodation of n-octadecane, thus providing the film with a satisfactory thermal storage density (137.6 J g −1 ). This film facilitates reliable all-weather thermal management through the combined effects of passive radiative heating (PRH), solar heating (SH), and active Joule heating. Furthermore, the surface infrared (IR) signature can be precisely tuned through the synergistic modulation of emissivity and temperature, enabling effective thermal camouflage under ambient conditions, elevated temperatures, and sunlight exposure. By flipping the film, dynamic switching between operational modes can be achieved. This study offers new insights into designing multifunctional materials suitable for advanced thermal management and dynamic thermal camouflage in complex environments.
研究领域:
材料科学
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热工学
·
红外技术
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智能材料
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伪装技术
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS
·
2025
·
IF 12.5
Chunxia Tang,Jian Liu,Yifan Wang,Yunshan Mao,Kaishuang Zhang,Shaohai Fu
Most reported shielding materials exhibit reflection-dominated shielding mechanisms, which further leads to the secondary electromagnetic radiation contamination. This work reports a low reflective and scalable cellulose paper- based EMI shielding composite (ACMA) with a sandwich structure via assembling of the MXene containing aerogel layer, MXene coated paper (MP) layer, and highly conductive AgNWs/CNF film (AC) layer in a conductivity gradient. The shielding performances and mechanisms of each layer, AC-MP bi-layer, and AC-MP-aerogel tri-layer are investigated. Results show that the AC film could significantly increase the EMI SE of MP but produce super high R coefficient (0.92). The aerogel layer is effective in decreasing the R coefficient, which is correlated with its MXene content and thickness. The ACMA yields an average EMI SE of 71.46 dB and ultralow R coefficient of 0.1 in the X band when the aerogel has a MXene/BC of 90 % and a thickness of 2.6 mm. A large size ACMA is showcased, and it achieves an average EMI SE ranging from 56.82 dB to 75.85 dB in 2–18 GHz and an absorption- dominated shielding mechanism in 8–18 GHz. In addition, the ACMA also demonstrates excellent thermal camouflage property as the aerogel layer contacts the object.
研究领域:
材料科学
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电磁功能材料
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纳米复合材料
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生物基材料
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屏蔽技术
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热伪装
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
SOLAR ENERGY MATERIALS AND SOLAR CELLS
·
2017
·
IF 4.784
Haining Ji,Dongqing Liu,Haifeng Cheng,Chaoyang Zhang,Lixiang Yang
Vanadium dioxide, which has been demonstrated as negative differential thermal emissivity materials for emissivity engineering application , is regarded as the most important and promising material for adaptive infrared camouflage. This study describes the synthesis and characterization of high purity, uniform VO 2 nanopowders by a single-step hydrothermal method and their thermal polymorphism. A dramatic phase transition of the monoclinic VO 2 nanopowders to a tetragonal phase upon heating and the accompanying change in the IR emissivity are demonstrated. Importantly, we demonstrate the tunability of the infrared radiation intensity of VO 2 nanopowders in both mid- and far-IR thermal atmospheric windows, for the first time. The structural transition is analyzed by variable temperature XRD and temperature-dependent Raman spectroscopy . Furthermore, an unexpected structural change in the same region of the sample was observed in a transmission electron microscope , which provides a direct mechanistic understanding of the infrared emissivity variation. Our study makes a significant contribution to the state-of-the-art in thermal camouflaging, because this study demonstrates that the VO 2 nanopowders can be extremely promising camouflage materials in the area of adaptive infrared camouflage technology both in the far-infrared and mid-infrared regions and the material is suitable for substrates with large surface areas and/or complex morphologies.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
纳米技术
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红外技术
·
热伪装
·
智能材料
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）