Microsystems & Nanoengineering
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2026
·Vol. 12
·期 1
·38
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IF 9.9
Yuan Zichao,Chu Jiahui,Lu Chenguang,Wang Xu,Li Wenzong,Zhang Lemin,Liu Yahua
Controllable droplet manipulation is essential for applications from biochemical analysis to soft robotics. Despite significant advances, existing methods struggle to achieve broadly tunable, asynchronous control of multiple droplets, limiting their efficiency in three-dimensional and dynamic environments. Here, we introduce a droplet ultrasonic tweezer (DUT), which leverages broadly tunable acoustic control to enable three-dimensional multi-droplet manipulation and enhance condensing surface renewal. The DUT generates a twin-trap acoustic field from a single phased-array focal point, allowing droplet coalescence and confinement at five specific trapping positions. Leveraging this capability, we demonstrate synchronous directional transport of three droplets and asynchronous control of their relative positions. Moreover, the DUT’s vertically extensible twin trap enables synchronous manipulation of droplets across double-layer surfaces. Beyond transport, programmable spatial modulation of the acoustic field enhances microdroplet coalescence and suppresses merged-droplet detachment, increasing the droplet detachment size and expanding the swept area for more effective surface renewal. Our results establish a robust paradigm for applications in optical surface self-cleaning, condensation heat transfer, and atmospheric water harvesting, offering a scalable solution for precise droplet control.
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ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
·
2026
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IF 6.7
Ling Yan,Jiacheng Fang,Huimin Zhang,Yali Lin,Dan Li,Yingyan Zhou,Lin Zhu,Zhi Zhu,Pengyuan Yang,Zongwei Cai
Mass spectrometry (MS)-based single- and trace-cell proteomics provides critical insights into cellular phenotypes, but widespread use is limited by the cost and complexity of advanced MS systems. We present a cost-effective, accessible workflow compatible with standard MS platforms and scalable for multiomics. The temperature-responsive agarose-based digital microfluidics (TRA-DMF) platform enables one-step sample processing, including lysis, reduction/alkylation, and digestion, in a parallel four-channel format. Unlike conventional droplet-based microfluidics or fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) approaches, our DMF system ensures real-time visualization and confirmation of single-cell capture and 98.3% sample recovery, minimizing losses through nonpipetting transfer. The TRA-DMF system also overcomes the MS-incompatibility of oil-phase microfluidics, allowing high-efficiency droplet transfer to MS vials. The entire TRA-DMF for single cell proteomics (TRA-DMF-SCP) workflow is completed in ∼3 h (including single-cell capture), with seamless sample introduction into standard LC-MS/MS systems. Using a regular benchtop MS instrument Orbitrap Fusion, we identified over 4000 protein groups (PGs) from 50 293T cells with excellent reproducibility and robustness. This system offers a practical and scalable solution for trace- and single-cell proteomics and holds strong potential for integration into routine multiomics workflows.
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Nano-Micro Letters
·
2026
·Vol. 18
·期 1
·115
·
IF 36.3
Liu Junlin,Tan Shujuan,Yang Xinrui,Zhu Jiajie,Yan Xin,Chen Tianyu,Ji Guangbin
A multi-scale cross-band military lightweight camouflage system is constructed via elaborate hierarchical structure design.
This system can achieve rich color presentation to meet the visible camouflage requirements in different backgrounds.
This system can simultaneously achieve an infrared emissivity modulation of Δε > 0.5, achieving excellent dynamic infrared stealth.
This system characterized by its light weight can also achieve efficient electromagnetic interference shielding and excellent electrothermal conversion.
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ANNALS OF BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING
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2026
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IF 5.4
Li Lingyan,Kang Wei,Wang Lizhen,Fan Yubo
Purpose Physical liver models are essential for surgical training and biomechanical research, offering standardized, reproducible, and ethically compliant experimental platforms. However, accurately replicating the nonlinear mechanical behavior of real liver tissue remains a challenge for existing simulant materials. Methods This study proposed a design strategy for particle-reinforced hyperelastic composites based on an improved Mori–Tanaka method. An incremental constitutive model under finite deformation was established to theoretically predict the nonlinear stress–strain response of the composite material. Using Ecoflex silicone as the matrix and Dragon Skin microspheres as the reinforcing phase, composites with volume fractions ranging from 10 to 30% were fabricated and subjected to quasi-static uniaxial compression tests to validate the model. By leveraging stress–strain data from both bovine and human livers, inverse optimization was employed to determine the optimal material formulations that match the mechanical behavior of liver tissues. Results The mean relative errors between the model predictions and experimental results were 16.11, 16.98, and 10.86% for volume fractions of 10, 20, and 30%, respectively, validating the accuracy of the theoretical model. The composites with an EF10-30% matrix and a reinforcement volume fraction of 16.14%, as well as those with an EF10-50% matrix and volume fraction of 19.37%, closely matched the mechanical properties of bovine and human liver tissue, respectively. Conclusion This study establishes the quantitative framework for designing particle-reinforced liver simulant material, integrating micromechanical modeling. The methodology achieves precise matching of nonlinear tissue mechanics and provides systematic guidelines for developing high-fidelity simulants for surgical training and biomechanical applications.
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Journal of Water Process Engineering
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2026
·
IF 6.6
Kudakwashe Meki,Shiyu Meng,Zihao Liu,Zhuowen Wang,Baojian Jing,Huiqun Zhang,Peng Liu,Shan Qiu
DMS gradient improves micropore access and O₂ transport, reducing flooding. • CB-DV06 yields 750 mg L −1 H₂O₂ at >60% Electro-Fenton efficiency. • DMS-modified GDEs remove 85% RBB and reduce TOC 60% in 120 min. • Surface area reaches 222.9 m 2 /g; electroactive sites increase sixfold. • Dual-phase oxygen diffusion boosts ORR kinetics and degradation rate. Hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) electrosynthesis via the two-electron oxygen reduction reaction (2e − ORR) is critically dependent on the formation of stable and well-regulated triple-phase interfaces (TPIs), where gas, liquid, and catalyst converge. However, micropore flooding and uneven wettability in carbon-black gas diffusion electrodes (GDEs) often hinder oxygen transport and deactivate active sites. In this work, we address these challenges by introducing a dimethyl silicone oil (DMS) volume-gradient strategy to engineer confined TPIs within the carbon catalyst layer. Carbon-black GDEs were prepared using DMS volume-controlled of 0.4, 0.6, and 1.2 mL, with CB-DV06 identified as the optimum configuration. This design balances hydrophobicity and pore accessibility, promoting sustained oxygen diffusion and suppressing water blockage without impeding electron or ion transport. The optimized GDE (CB-DV06) achieved ~750 mg L −1 H₂O₂ after 180 min with current efficiencies exceeding 60% and enhanced electrochemically active surface area. To demonstrate the practical applicability of the in situ generated H₂O₂, Reactive Black B (RBB) degradation was employed as a model pollutant-removal reaction. The integrated system achieved approximately 85% RBB decolourisation, demonstrating the applicability of this interface-engineering strategy for pollutant-removal applications. Overall, this study highlights a low-impact approach for optimizing oxygen reduction environments in porous electrodes, advancing sustainable oxidant generation and environmental remediation. Download: Download high-res image (127KB) Download: Download full-size image
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Small
·
2026
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IF 11.8
Yi Huang,Sihang Liu,Shuai Yin,Lian Xiao,Yugang Zhao,Zhi Tao,Haiwang Li
Understanding droplet-liquid pool interactions in immiscible systems is critical for advancing fluidic encapsulation strategies. Here, we uncover a previously unreported ‘endocytosis’ phenomenon in which an aqueous droplet impacts a deep immiscible pool and spontaneously engulfs the pool liquid, forming a stable double-layered liquid structure. This process origins from the focusing of capillary waves at the droplet-pool interface and followed by a pinch-off of a central oil column via Rayleigh-Plateau instability. We propose a dimensionless criterion for central column formation, determined by whether viscous dissipation of the droplet's kinetic energy. By introducing a UV-crosslinkable precursor, gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) into the droplet, we succeed in encapsulating pool liquid into hydrogel capsules with tunable core-shell ratios by simply adjusting the impact velocity. This enables precise control of release mechanism: thick-shell capsules exhibit non-Fickian sustained release, while thin-shell capsules display delayed burst Case II release upon swelling. The proposed ‘endocytosis’ phenomena offer a surfactant-free, single-parameter controlled strategy compared to conventional liquid encapsulation methods, which offers a new opportunity for on-demand release in drug delivery and responsive materials.
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COLLOIDS AND SURFACES A-PHYSICOCHEMICAL AND ENGINEERING ASPECTS
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2026
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IF 5.4
Minghe Wang,Zhongxu Lian,Jinda Yang,Jinkai Xu,Yanling Tian
The treatment of oily wastewater demands separation materials that are efficient, durable, and resistant to harsh environments. In this work, a needle-like nanostructure (NLNS) was fabricated on a 200-mesh aluminum mesh (Base) through a two-step process combining plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) with hydrothermal treatment (HT). The effect of hydrothermal duration on the resulting morphology was systematically examined, identifying optimal conditions (200°C, 8 h) that yield a uniform, high-density NLNS. Unlike conventional PEO-based coatings, the sharp-tipped nanoneedle morphology maximizes capillary forces to stabilize a robust hydration layer, achieving exceptional underwater superoleophobicity with an underwater oil contact angle (UWOCA) as high as 168°. The NLNS exhibited high separation efficiency (up to 97.6%) for n-hexane/water mixtures under highly acidic, alkaline, and saline conditions, along with a stable permeation flux of ∼4900 L m −2 h −1 over 20 cycles. Durability assessments confirmed robust mechanical resistance (UWOCA > 140° after 16 friction cycles) and enhanced corrosion resistance. This strategy avoids toxic fluorinated modifiers and uses only water as the HT medium, providing a green, low-cost, and scalable route for industrial oily wastewater treatment. Download: Download high-res image (185KB) Download: Download full-size image
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Food Bioscience
·
2026
·
IF 6.2
Hong Lu,Xuyang Ning,Qingwei He,Qianyun Lei,Ping Hu,Yingzhen Liang
To overcome the poor bioaccessibility of Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10), we developed a polyethylene glycol-based dripping pill (DP) solid dispersion system. The optimized formulation achieved an amorphous state, resulting in uniform morphology, significantly accelerated dissolution, and enhanced oral bioavailability compared to crystalline CoQ10. In an isoproterenol-induced oxidative cardiac stress model, CoQ10 DPs showed demonstrated cardioprotective bioactivity by alleviating cardiac remodeling and oxidative injury. These protective effects were associated with reduced reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation, restored superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, and decreased inflammatory marker levels. This study presents a robust formulation strategy to maximize the bioactivity of lipophilic nutrients for functional food applications.
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Polymers
·
2026
·Vol. 18
·期 15
·1798
·
IF 5.8
Wei Zhang,Haifeng Gao,Xuran Zhu,Yanzong Meng,Leyu Shen,Zhongyao Jiang,Hongjian Gao
To address the persistent challenge of membrane wetting during oil-gas separation in transformer condition monitoring, an omniphobic composite membrane was developed to facilitate the reliable online detection of dissolved gases. An F-CNTs/Teflon AF/PVDF composite membrane, featuring a loofah-like hierarchical structure and omniphobic properties, was fabricated via spraying-deposition strategy on the polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) substrate. The morphology, surface chemical composition, wettability and stability of the F-CNTs/Teflon AF/PVDF composite membrane were systematically characterized. Subsequently, the oil-gas separation performance of the composite membrane was evaluated using standard transformer oil containing dissolved gases as the feed solution. The results indicated that fluorinated carbon nanotubes (F-CNTs) were successfully modified onto the membrane surface, creating a re-entrant morphology composed of an intersecting nanotube network that mimics the hierarchical architecture of a loofah. The F-CNTs/Teflon AF/PVDF composite membrane exhibited exceptional omniphobicity, achieving contact angles of 168.2 ± 1.5° and 127.5 ± 1.0° towards DI water and mineral insulating oil, respectively. Additionally, the loofah-inspired composite membrane demonstrated robust thermal and ultrasonic stability. In oil-gas separation tests, the omniphobic membrane displayed a rapid response and high efficiency for dissolved gas extraction, achieving dynamic equilibrium within 64 min. Furthermore, the modification improved permeation efficiency by 25.6%. These results suggest that the developed omniphobic membrane is a promising alternative for oil-gas separation in the condition monitoring of oil-filled electrical equipment.
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npj Materials Degradation
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2026
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IF 7.5
Xue Hanzhe,Guo Wenxi
With the rapid development of renewable energy technologies, droplet electricity generators (DEGs) have emerged as a promising approach to harvest low-frequency and random mechanical energy from falling droplets. However, conventional triboelectric PDMS suffers from a low dielectric constant and charge leakage, limiting charge storage, separation, and output performance. Inspired by the skin structure of planthoppers, we develop a self-powered biomimetic pyramidal-structured DEG based on a fluorinated TiO 2 nanoparticle-decorated pyramid-structured PDMS film (F-TiO 2 @P-PDMS). The resulting micro/nano hierarchical superhydrophobic film exhibits an increased dielectric constant and enhanced electrical output compared with pure PDMS. The device maintains stable performance under both low- and high-frequency droplet impacts. When integrated into a self-powered cathodic protection system, it shifts the corrosion potential of 304 stainless steel from −180 to −390 mV, demonstrating effective corrosion protection. This work offers a strategy for efficient droplet energy harvesting and green anticorrosion applications.
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ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
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2026
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IF 7.8
Wang Haipeng,Zhou Qijie,Wang Shangsheng,Li Zhenlin,Zhou Qingjun,Li Shaomin,Duan Wu,Ren Zhongjing,Wang Ziran,Guan Yingchun,Yan Peng
Superhydrophobic surfaces have attracted extensive attention due to their unique nonwettability and good anti-icing/deicing potential but often experience significant performance degradation due to poor mechanical robustness and low humidity tolerance. Here, we developed a composite architecture (M-PNPs-T) by integrating a honeycomb-inspired thin-walled metallic frame into a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS)-based matrix with the photothermal superhydrophobic (PNPs-T) surface, where the superhydrophobic property was achieved through laser-fabricating hierarchical micro/nanostructures on PNPs-T and the metallic frame acted as an ‘armor’ to protect the superhydrophobic PNPs-T surface from potential damage. This design allowed the PNPs-T surface to remain superhydrophobicity even after the M-PNPs-T surface underwent mechanical abrasion against a 600 grit SiC sandpaper for 1100 m at a pressure of 2.65 kPa. The composite M-PNPs-T surface exhibited good self-defrosting and self-deicing performance under both large temperature-difference (–14 ± 0.5 to 26 ± 0.5 ° C) and low-temperature (–14 ± 0.5 ° C) conditions. Particularly, the frost layer and the ice droplets formed on the M-PNPs-T surface completely melted after light irradiation for merely 60 and 186 s, respectively. The melted droplets easily slid off the M-PNPs-T surface under gravity with the help of lubrication and guidance provided by a thin water layer on the metallic frame surface. Moreover, the superior photothermal conversion performance of PNPs-T enabled the M-PNPs-T surface to maintain a high temperature (>22 ° C) so as to exhibit good anti-icing/frosting properties under a low-temperature environment. Our design strategy provides an effective and facile route to prepare photothermal superhydrophobic surfaces with robust stability for potential deicing/defrosting applications.
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IEEE SENSORS JOURNAL
·
2026
·Vol. 26
·期 9
·13234-13242
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IF 4.5
Fangzheng Wang,Yunhao Ma,Liyin Hu,Xingjun Yue,Xin Yan
In this work, a high-performance sensor based on a multimode fiber-thin core fiber-multimode fiber (MMF–TCF–MMF) structure is demonstrated. By using a continuous Au film and covalently anchored AgNPs on the TCF surface, the synergistic coupling between exciting surface plasmon resonance (SPR) and localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) is realized. Following a systematic optimization guided by COMSOL simulations and experimental validation, the refractive index (RI) sensitivity reached 2525.06 nm/RIU with a figure of merit (FOM) of 9.494 RIU−1, and the temperature sensitivity reached −1.07 nm/°C. The system demonstrated excellent linearity, repeatability, and stability. The proposed sensor effectively merges cost-efficiency with robust precision, showing significant potential for biochemical, environmental, and industrial sensing applications.
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