Biofabrication
·
2023
·Vol. 15
·期 3
·035004
·
IF 9
Zhilin Dai,Chengpan Li,Zhengdi Shi,Shibo Li,Tianzhi Luo,Weiping Ding
Glomerulus-on-a-chip, as a promising alternative for drug nephrotoxicity evaluation, is attracting increasing attention. For glomerulus-on-a-chip, the more biomimetic the chip is, the more convincing the application of the chip is. In this study, we proposed a hollow fiber-based biomimetic glomerulus chip that can regulate filtration in response to blood pressure and hormone levels. On the chip developed here, bundles of hollow fibers were spherically twisted and embedded in designed Bowman's capsules to form spherical glomerular capillary tufts, with podocytes and endotheliocytes cultured on the outer and inner surfaces of the hollow fibers, respectively. We evaluated the morphology of cells, the viability of cells, and the metabolic function of cells in terms of glucose consumption and urea synthesis by comparing the results obtained under fluidic and static conditions, confirmed the barrier function of the endotheliocyte-fiber membrane-podocyte structure by monitoring the diffusion of fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-labeled inulin, albumin and IgG, and, for the first time, achieved on-chip filtration regulation in response to the hormone atrial natriuretic peptide. In addition, the application of the chip in the evaluation of drug nephrotoxicity was also preliminarily demonstrated. This work offers insights into the design of a more physiologically similar glomerulus on a microfluidic chip.
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Food Bioscience
·
2023
·
IF 5.2
Linlin Jia,Xiaoqiang Peng,Zeyuan Deng,Bing Zhang,Hongyan Li
Moringa oleifera Lam. is an edible plant . In this experiment, three kinds of small molecular weight Polysaccharides (MRP-D, MRP-P, MRP-H) were extracted from Dai-Jia ecology, Pkm-3 and Hong-he 1 Moringa oleifera root that were cultivated in three regions of Yunnan Province. The Moringa oleifera root Polysaccharides (MRPs) were identified to contain β-(1 → 3)-Glucose structure, without triple-helical conformation. In vitro fermentation experiment showed the MRPs increased the content of short-chain fatty acids (3–5-fold) and the abundance of beneficial microflora such as Bacteroidetes and decreased the abundance of harmful microflora such as Proteobacteria at the same time. The composition and effects on the human intestinal microflora of MRPs were different, indicating that the planting regions would affect the composition and function of the bioactives. These results provide an experimental basis for the industrial layout of Moringa oleifera and the application of MRPs in food processing.
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FOOD CHEMISTRY
·
2022
·
IF 9.231
Huihui Yang,Xiaosen Bai,Baolong Feng,Qinghua Wang,Li Meng,Fengzhong Wang,Yutang Wang
Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) are associated with the occurrence of human chronic diseases, and exist commonly in thermally processed foods, such as infant formula. Existing research mainly focuses on the discrete simulation system, which is time-consuming and challenging, but accumulates of a large amount of valuable data. This study aimed to propose a specific Molecular Transformer-based model trained on the data curated from literature to predict the chemical reaction of AGEs, and apply it to infant formula to observe which new reactions could generate AGEs. The model achieved top-3 accuracy of 76.0% on the total dataset. Based on the model prediction results, five reactions were selected for experimental verification, and four of them were consistent with the model prediction results. This prospective study might potentially revolutionize the discovery of AGEs reactions and provide theoretical guidelines for designing a safer infant formula.
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Biomaterials Science
·
2022
·Vol. 11
·期 4
·1470-1485
·
IF 7.59
Jianghai Tang,Xuanjin Chen,Hang Shi,Mingming Zhang,Zhimin Zhou,Chuangnian Zhang,Tingyu Ke,Deling Kong,Chen Li
Pancreatic islet surface engineering has been proposed as an “easy-to-adopt” approach to enhance post-transplantation islet engraftment for treatment against diabetes. Inulin is an FDA-approved dietary prebiotic with reported anti-diabetic, anti-inflammatory, anti-hypoxic and pro-angiogenic properties. We therefore assessed whether inulin would be a viable option for islet surface engineering. Inulin was oxidized to generate inulin-CHO, which would bind to the cell membrane via covalent bond formation between –CHO and –NH2 across the islet cell membrane. In vitro assessments demonstrated enhanced islet viability and better glucose-induced insulin secretion from inulin-coated (5 mg mL−1) islets, which was accompanied by enhanced revascularization, shown as significantly enhanced tube formation and branching of islet endothelial MS1 cells following co-culture with inulin-coated islets. Reduction of cytokine-induced cell death was also observed from inulin-coated islets following exposure to pro-inflammatory cytokine LPS. LPS-induced ROS production was significantly dampened by 44% in inulin-coated islets when compared to controls. RNA-seq analysis of inulin-coated and control islets identified expression alterations of genes involved in islet function, vascular formation and immune regulation, supporting the positive impact of inulin on islet preservation. In vivo examination using streptozotocin (STZ)-induced hyperglycemic mice further showed moderately better maintained plasma glucose levels in mice received transplantation of inulin-coated islets, attributable to ameliorated CD45+ immune cell infiltration and improved in vivo graft vascularization. We therefore propose islet surface engineering with inulin as safe and beneficial, and further assessment is required to verify its applicability in clinical islet transplantation.
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CATALYSIS LETTERS
·
2023
·
IF 2.8
Hao Runming,Du An,Zhu Qingling,Wu Xue,Liu Sijia,Wang Ke,Wang Yang
5-Hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) is a high value-added platform compound, converted into bio-based polyesters and biofuels etc. In this paper, we used two commercially available hexamethylenimine and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) as the structure-directing agents to synthesize HMWW zeolite nanosheets via one step. A series of HMWW zeolite nanosheets with different disorder index ( DI ) were controllably prepared by adjusting the amount of CTAB, operating also as an in situ exfoliating agent, converting fructose into HMF in the tetrahydrofuran/NaCl-H 2 O biphasic solvent with low boiling point. Successful construction of disordered HMWW zeolite nanosheets was verified by PXRD. Further characterizations by BET, SEM and TEM etc. show that HMWW 4.0 with the optimum DI of 0.67 has a disordered network-like arrangement of layers with the external surface area of 224 m 2 /g and the mesoporous size of 3.5 nm. Catalytic evaluations showed that HMF selectivity was closely related to DI of the catalysts. Under the optimized DI , fructose molecules are readily accessible to acidic sites on the external surface while larger external surface area is exposed. The HMWW 4.0 zeolite catalyzed fructose dehydration in the biphasic solvent, producing 90% HMF selectivity with 93% fructose conversion at 140 °C for 6 h. In the reuses of the HMWW 4.0 catalyst, HMF selectivity was around 90% with fructose conversion decreasing by ca. 10% after six runs, indicating that it possesses the promising stability. Graphical Abstract
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FOOD RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL
·
2022
·
IF 7.425
Fang Fang,Yuxin He,Jutang Zhao,Yanli Zhang,Chunhua Chen,Huijun He,Quanyong Wu,Mengwei Hu,Shaoping Nie,Mingyong Xie,Jielun Hu
Whole grains (WGs) are considered as the representative sources of dietary fiber (DF). Thermal treatments can change the properties of DF, and potentially affecting the gut microbiota as well as human health. In this study, DF content and in vitro fermentation characteristics of 9 kinds of WGs (highland barley, barley, buckwheat, proso millet, quinoa, sorghum, coix seed, foxtail millet, and oats) after boiling and steaming treatments were compared. It was found that boiling and steaming treatments could both increase DF content in these grains, except for barley and foxtail millet. Processed WGs could regulate beneficial microbial genus, such as Bifidobacterium , Prevotella, Megamona and Megasphaera. Oats, quinoa, highland barley, and buckwheat after boiling treatment can produce more total short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) than steaming treatment ( p < 0.05), while barley, foxtail millet and coix seed showed opposite results. This study can provide data support for the design of WGs diets and the development of WGs products which are beneficial for gut health.
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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
·
2023
·
IF 8.2
Qiang Xie,Kaiyu Mu,Chen Chen,Shimin Gu,Dan Luo,Wenhui Fu,Wentong Xue
Inulin dietary supplement is conventionally beneficial to gut health and can potentially prevent food allergy (FA). This study aimed to determine how dietary inulin interventions at different doses affect the OVA-induced FA in a BALB/c mouse model. Although the middle dose of inulin (50 mg per mouse) showed the best therapeutic effect on FA, high-inulin supplementation (80 mg per mouse) provoked severe allergic and intestinal inflammatory responses, which were characterized by elevated serum allergic inflammation-related factor levels, dysfunctional gut barrier, unbalanced luminal pH value, decrease in intestinal antioxidant capacity, and disordered gut microecology. Moreover, profiling of SCFAs indicated that the high-inulin-induced excess accumulation of SCFAs in the colon was responsible for the gut immune disorders. Spearman correlation analysis unraveled that the featured bacterial taxa in the high-inulin-treated mice were Ruminococcaceae and Bifidobacterium , of which the relative abundance was negatively correlated with expression of tight junction proteins and improvement of T cell homeostasis, and positively correlated with levels of allergic inflammation-related indexes. Our work suggested that high-inulin dietary supplementation can be detrimental to allergic individuals and highlighted the importance for personalized use of inulin-type dietary supplements to safely improve human health.
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Pharmaceutics
·
2022
·Vol. 14
·期 11
·2307
·
IF 6.525
Xueyan Gou,Fenglin Ran,Jinru Yang,Yanrong Ma,Xin’an Wu
Background: Organic anion transporter 1 (OAT1) and OAT3 have an overlapping spectrum of substrates such that one can exert a compensatory effect when the other is dysfunctional. As a result, the knockout of either OAT1 or OAT3 is not reflected in a change in the excretion of organic anionic substrates. To date, only the mOAT1 and mOAT3 individual knockout mouse models have been available. Methods: In this study, we successfully generated aSlc22a6/Slc22a8double-knockout (KO) rat model using CRISPR/Cas9 technology and evaluated its biological properties. Results: The double-knockout rat model did not expressionmRNAfor rOAT1 or rOAT3 in the kidneys. Consistently, the renal excretion ofp-aminohippuric acid (PAH), the classical substrate of OAT1/OAT3, was substantially decreased in theSlc22a6/Slc22a8double-knockout rats. The relativemRNAlevel ofSlco4c1was up-regulated in KO rats. No renal pathological phenotype was evident. The renal elimination of the organic anionic drug furosemide was nearly abolished in theSlc22a6/Slc22a8knockout rats, but elimination of the organic cationic drug metformin was hardly affected. Conclusions: These results demonstrate that this rat model is a useful tool for investigating the functions of OAT1/OAT3 in metabolic diseases, drug metabolism and pharmacokinetics, and OATs-mediated drug interactions.Keywords:OAT1/OAT3;CRISPR/Cas9;gene knockout;pharmacokinetic
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Food Bioscience
·
2022
·
IF 5.318
Chang Liu,Yahui Guo,He Qian,Yuliang Cheng
Inulin can regulate the intestinal micro-ecological balance, but there are few studies on the changes of intestinal microbiota and its metabolites in vitro and vivo , SCFAs and amino acids in particular. In this study, the human fecal microbiota glycolysis model and a mouse model were used to study the mechanism of inulin on intestinal microecology. Combined with metabolism of microbiome and metabolome , the cross-synergism mechanism of inulin-micribiota-metabolites-metabolism was investigated. The results revealed that after inulin was fermented by human intestinal microbiota , the relative abundance of Lactobacillus , Bifidobacterium , Prevotella , Catenibacterium , and Agathobacter increased. In vivo , the concentration of SCFAs increased after inulin was fermented, and the abundance of Parabacteroides , Muribaculaceae and Alloprevotella increased. Both in vivo and in vitro experiments revealed that inulin can regulate the expression of 5 genes involved in Valine , leucine and isoleucine degradation. In addition, the metabolome results confirmed that Valine, leucine and isoleucine degradation, Tyrosine metabolism, and Synthesis and degradation of ketone bodies are regulatory pathways of inulin. More importantly, L−tryptophan, tyrosine, L−fucose, L−ornithine, D−fructose, D−erythrose, and pyruvic acid are hallmark metabolites of inulin metabolized by gut microbiota. The cross-synergism network greatly indicated the microbiota ( Streptococcus , Lactobacillus , Muribaculaceae), metabolites ( l -tryptophan, pyruvic acid), and metabolism (Lysine degradation, Tryptophan metabolism , Synthesis and degradation of ketone bodies) may be the key factors involved in the mechanisms regulating the in vitro and vivo effects of inulin.
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FUEL
·
2022
·
IF 8.035
Miao Zuo,Xinyu Wang,Wenlong Jia,Yanzhong Zhu,Xianhai Zeng,Lu Lin
As one of the essential building blocks for bio-chemicals and bio-fuels, the 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) production is still challenging in a green and cheap way. This work developed a bio-derived aqueous-natural deep eutectic solvent (A-NADES) to synthesize HMF using α-Al 2 O 3 or Al(OH) 3 as robust catalysts, obtaining high yields of 67.1% and 63.6% HMF from glucose under mild reaction reactions, respectively. Different kinds of starches and starchy food waste also exhibited high conversion efficiency in the A-NADES system. The mechanistic study indicated that the in-situ formed Al (III) site of α-Al 2 O 3 during the reaction was critical for converting glucose-based carbohydrates. A-NADES could be effectively reused six times with a more convenient direct reuse method without significant activity loss. This study suggested a novel A-NADES reaction media in the synergistic reaction with robust aluminum-based catalysts for HMF synthesis, and proposed a novel process of food waste utilization in green solvents.
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FOOD RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL
·
2022
·
IF 7.425
Zhao Qiaorun,Shan Honghong,Li Yao,Jiang Bing,Xu Xiao,David Julian McClements,Cao Chongjiang,Yuan Biao
Titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) is commonly used as food whitening in candies, chocolates, and cakes with high carbohydrate contents. The potential interaction between the food carbohydrate and food grade TiO 2 nanoparticle was little known. Therefore, we explored the interaction between TiO 2 nanoparticles and seven common carbohydrates, including monosaccharides, disaccharides, and polysaccharides. The result showed that all the carbohydrates tested interacted with the surfaces of the TiO 2 nanoparticles and formed biocoronas. TEM and SEM images provided information about the morphology formation of biocoronas. The surface potential and size of the TiO 2 nanoparticles altered after interacting with the carbohydrates. FTIR spectroscopy and QCM-D findings showed insights into the molecular origin and nature interaction between TiO 2 and carbohydrates. The results illustrated that TiO 2 nanoparticles can interact with carbohydrates, enter the body as a food additive, and interact with food matrix for a series of reactions. Compared with monosaccharides or disaccharides, food polysaccharides have stronger adsorption on the surface of nanoparticles. This is a preliminary judgment for the subsequent in vitro simulated digestion. Our result could be useful for understanding and controlling the behavior of nanoparticles in food and the human gut.
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FOOD HYDROCOLLOIDS
·
2022
·
IF 11.504
Keying Han,Shanshan Li,Yuling Yang,Xiao Feng,Xiaozhi Tang,Yumin Chen
This paper studied the effects of inulin addition (0–20 mg mL −1 ) on the properties of chicken myofibrillar protein (MP) heat-induced gel. The molecular forces to maintain the gel structure, gelling formation process and gel microstructure were studied to explore the influencing mechanism of inulin on gel properties of MP. The results showed that the springiness and hardness of MP-inulin gel significantly increased when inulin was added at 5–20 mg mL −1 , while the water holding capacity (WHC) significantly enhanced at 5–10 mg mL −1 inulin addition ( P < 0.05). The most appropriate inulin addition to improve the properties of MP mixed gel was 10 mg mL −1 . The addition of 20 mg mL −1 inulin decreased the cooking loss of mixed gel. Inulin promoted the exposure of more hydrophobic groups and the formation of disulfide bonds. Inulin addition significantly decreased the I850/I830 in Raman spectrometry , indicating an increase in the formation of hydrogen bonds with MP molecules. However, inulin had little effect on electrostatic interaction between MP molecules. During the heating process, the highest storage modulus (G′) value was observed in MP samples added with 15 mg·mL −1 inulin at gel forming and strengthening stage. The denaturation enthalpy (ΔH) value of myosin decreased when inulin exceeded 10 mg mL −1 . The microstructure showed that MP composite gel with 10 mg mL −1 inulin had a dense and well-aggregated network structure. These results indicated that inulin addition could make MP denaturation easier during heating, strengthen the molecular forces of MP and the gel network structure, thus improving the MP gel properties.
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