MICROCHEMICAL JOURNAL
·
2026
·
IF 5.1
Jinli Lin,Xueying Wu,Fangkai Du,Lirong Jiang
The presence of fluoroquinolone antibiotic residues brings significant threats to food safety and human health. This situation has necessitated the development of rapid visual detection methods for identifying these residues in food products. This study constructed a self-calibrating ratiometric fluorescent sensor based on europium and deep eutectic solvent complex (Eu-DES) for the sensitive visual detection of levofloxacin (LEV). By mixing Eu 3+ with the DES (oxalic acid:choline chloride = 1:1) ligand at room temperature, a stable red fluorescence at 623 nm was successfully achieved in the Eu-DES system. Upon the addition of LEV, the Eu-DES induced a red-shift fluorescence of LEV, enabling a self-calibrating ratiometric fluorescent response to LEV with a wide linear range (0.5–100 μM) and a low detection limit (86.50 nM, S/N = 3). Furthermore, integrating Eu-DES into a gel matrix and combining it with smartphone-assisted RGB color analysis enabled quantitative LEV detection through multicolor shifts from red to green. This approach was successfully applied to detect LEV in honey and milk with high sensitivity and good recovery (92.7%–106.4%). The Eu-DES-based detection platform developed in this study provides a powerful tool for on-site LEV detection in actual food samples, promising to advance rapid food safety testing technologies.
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SENSORS AND ACTUATORS B-CHEMICAL
·
2026
·
IF 7.7
Songjia Luo,Xianzhi Dou,Lu Wang,Lei Zheng
Chloramphenicol (CAP) residues in milk pose severe health risks, yet current detection methods (e.g., chromatography-mass spectrometry) suffer from complexity and high costs. In this work, we address this gap by developing an ultrasensitive aptamer-gated graphene Field-effect biosensor. A self-assembled Aptamer-functionalized solution-gated graphene transistor (Apt-SGGT) was engineered via systematic optimization of aptamer surface density to overcome spatial-confinement limitations and enhance conformational switching efficiency. We applied the Apt-SGGT biosensor to the analytical determination of CAP in actual skim milk samples, achieving a detection limit as low as 21.5 pM with a spiked recovery rate of 97.65 % ± 5.72 %. This study not only presents a promising platform for the rapid, on-site detection of antibiotic residues in complex food matrices but also provides a generalizable interfacial engineering strategy to enhance the performance of aptamer-based field-effect biosensors.
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JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
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2026
·
IF 11.3
Musheng Ji,Jin Qian,Xiaxia Li,Yueming Zhu,Yin Liu,Bianhe Lu,Sijing Tang,Junwei Shen,Yuhang Zong
The potential influence of algal trophic modes on antibiotic removal and the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. In this study, we selected the typical microalga Tetradesmus obliquus to analyze norfloxacin (NFX) removal efficiency and elucidate the intrinsic mechanisms driving this process in aquatic environment. This was achieved through a systematic evaluation of key physiological parameters, biochemical components, and transcriptome sequencing under photoautotrophic, heterotrophic, and mixotrophic modes. The results demonstrated that T. obliquus achieved the highest NFX removal efficiency under the mixotrophic mode (62.67 %), and the lowest under the photoautotrophic mode (7.41 %). This enhancement was attributed to increased biomass production, elevated total extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) content, and a strengthened antioxidant capacity. Furthermore, differential gene expression analysis revealed that the synergy of central carbon metabolism and xenobiotic metabolism drives efficient norfloxacin removal in mixotrophic T. obliquus . In summary, these findings offer novel perspectives on how different trophic modes impact the removal of NFX by microalgae, and elucidate the underlying mechanisms, thereby establishing a theoretical framework for enhancing microalgal treatment technologies of antibiotic-containing wastewater.
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SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA PART A-MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY
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2026
·
IF 4.6
Yulong Han,Huanhuan Lu,Haili Liu,Hengye Chen,Wei Lan,Xinming Lv,Wanjun Long,Haiyan Fu
In this work, a ratiometric fluorescent sensing platform based on the antenna effect of Tb-doped metal – organic framework (Tb-MOF) was constructed for sensitive and visual detection of enoxacin (Eno). The coordination of Tb 3+ with the β-diketone structure of the Eno molecule activates yellowish-green fluorescence emission through the “antenna effect”. The Tb-MOF fluorescent probe exhibits excellent response-sensitivity and selectivity for Eno with a low detection limit (LOD) of 0.09 μM, showing a good linear response in the concentration range of 0–20 μM. Under excitation with 365 nm ultraviolet light, the fluorescence color of the sensor system gradually changes from blue to yellow-green as the Eno concentration increases. Further, Tb-MOF ratiometric fluorescent sensor combined with cloud-based machine learning algorithm-assisted WeChat Mini Program realized the intelligent quantification of Eno in complex matrices such as honey, milk, and beef was achieved, which overcomes the reliance of traditional methods on large-scale instruments and provides a portable and efficient solution for on-site monitoring of food safety.
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SENSORS AND ACTUATORS B-CHEMICAL
·
2026
·
IF 7.7
Huikai Lin,Caiyi Du,Ningyi Xu,Yiru Wang,Chunyan Sun
CRISPR/Cas12a can activate trans-cleavage activity upon single-stranded DNA binding, making it widely applicable in highly sensitive fluorescent biosensors. Sensors utilizing monochromatic fluorescence output modes are susceptible to interference from multiple factors, resulting in unstable detection methods. To address this, we designed a ratio-based fluorescence sensor for detecting tetracyclines (TCs) based on the synergistic signal amplification of nucleic acid aptamer (42TET) and zirconium-based metal-organic framework (PCN-224) with CRISPR/Cas12a. PCN-224 adsorbs single-stranded DNA, quenching its FAM-labeled fluorescence while simultaneously emitting its own fluorescent signal. This dual-fluorescence output reduces background interference and enhances detection accuracy. By designing an activator as a complementary sequence (cDNA) to the nucleic acid aptamer, the system binds to 42TET in the presence of tetracycline, releasing the cDNA to activate the CRISPR/Cas12a system. Through this system's signal amplification capability, highly sensitive detection of tetracycline is achieved, with a detection limit reaching 8.7 nM. It possesses the same detection capabilities as traditional HPLC detection methods. This method is simple, rapid, efficient, and highly quantitative, offering broad prospects for future applications.
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MICROCHEMICAL JOURNAL
·
2026
·
IF 5.1
Chenyan Lu,Dajie Zou,Ning Zhang,Huye Li,Yanyan Jia,Huan Wang
In this study, the hexane extract of Asters tataricus was used as the carbon source, and ethylenediamine and 4-bromophenylene diamine were selected as dopants to prepare nitrogen and bromine co-doped carbon dots (N,Br-CDs) by the hydrothermal synthesis method. The obtained fluorescent probe has a uniform particle size distribution, good water solubility and high stability, with a fluorescence quantum yield of 48.43%. Under 420 nm excitation conditions, N,Br-CDs exhibited the strongest fluorescence emission at 513 nm, indicating that the sensing system was in the “ON” state. Subsequently, TA was introduced as a quencher to induce static quenching of the N,Br-CDs system, significantly weakening the fluorescence intensity and switching the sensing system from “ON” to “OFF”. Finally, after EM was introduced into the N,Br-CDs/TA system, EM preferentially formed a complex with TA and weakened its quenching effect on the quantum dots, thereby achieving fluorescence recovery and returning the sensing system from the “OFF” state to the “ON” state. Based on the above mechanism, an “ON-OFF-ON” fluorescence sensing system with N,Br-CDs as the luminescent substrate was constructed for the sensitive detection of TA and EM. The results showed that the system exhibited good linear response to TA, with the linear ranges being 1.50–22.94 μM and 34.88–348.42 μM, respectively, and the limits of detection being 0.2168 μM and 2.1797 μM, respectively (LOD, S/N = 3). The linear range for EM was 1.93–377.08 μM, with a detection limit of 0.6693 μM. Furthermore, the sensor system was capable of quantitatively determining TA and EM in human serum, Huangshui River water, and milk matrices, demonstrating its potential for broad application in environmental monitoring and bioanalysis.
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SENSORS AND ACTUATORS B-CHEMICAL
·
2026
·
IF 7.7
Shikun Li,Qin Zhou,Junru An,Silong Qiang,Weihao Hu,Zhixiu Sun,Jianjun Liao,Shiwei Lin
Traditional electrochemical methods often face challenges in accurately detecting heavy metal ions in seawater due to high salinity and complex organic matrices. Herein, a porous, defect-rich graphitic carbon nitride/bismuth–bismuth oxide (pdr-g-C 3 N 4 /Bi@Bi 2 O 3 ) composite was fabricated via two-step calcination and hydrothermal assembly, and applied for simultaneous Cd(II) and Pb(II) detection by SWASV. The unique porous structure and abundant defect sites facilitate efficient ion preconcentration and electron transfer, leading to high sensitivity and selectivity. Under optimized conditions in sodium acetate–acetic acid buffer (pH 6.0), the sensor exhibits linear detection ranges of 5–200 ppb for both Cd(II) and Pb(II), with limits of detection (LOD) of 0.513 ppb and 0.313 ppb, respectively. Remarkably, the sensor demonstrates excellent stability and accuracy even in unprocessed seawater samples, achieving LODs of 0.32 ppb for Cd(II) and 10.13 ppb for Pb(II). These results confirm the feasibility of direct, on-site detection of trace heavy metals in complex marine environments, offering a practical strategy for rapid environmental monitoring.
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Results in Engineering
·
2026
·
IF 7.9
Xiaodong Yang,Yuanxia Guo,Shengjun Zhao,Tianyang Luo,Bowen Jiang,Enshuo Zhang,Jianing Fang,Pengkai Sun,Qiang Yang,Rui Chen,Yan Yan,Lulu Liu,Yanqun Shen,Lili Wang,Ye Han,Fanming Zeng,Andrew R. Zimmerman,Bin Gao
There is an urgent need to develop advanced materials that can effectively remove emerging contaminants such as tetracycline (TC), norfloxacin (NOR), and ciprofloxacin (CIP) antibiotics from water. In this article, a facile and environmentally friendly hydrothermal/co-precipitation approach was used to fabricate Ce-doped layered double hydroxide (MgAl 1-x Ce x -LDH) photocatalysts. The photocatalyst MgAl 0.92 Ce 0.08 -LDH possessed highly efficient photocatalytic activity, such as rich mesoporosity, uniform sheet micro-morphology, and the largest specific surface area (131 m 2 ·g -1 ). These properties promoted the adsorption of antibiotics (TC: 52.89 mg·g⁻¹; NOR: 17.41 mg·g⁻¹; CIP: 11.26 mg·g⁻¹), and the equilibrium data fit well with the Freundlich isothermal and PFO kinetic model. Meanwhile, they enhanced the photocatalytic degradation of antibiotics under visible light. The high photocatalyzed removal efficiencies of TC (90%), NOR (77.23%), and CIP (73.58%) within 90 min surpassed those of many other advanced catalysts. The excellent photocatalytic performance of MgAl 0.92 Ce 0.08 -LDH (TC: 0.031 min -1 ; NOR: 0.018 min -1 ; and CIP: 0.018 min -1 ) was attributed to the reduced band gap and efficient migration-separation of photogenerated carriers. The main active substances were confirmed to be photogenerated holes (h + ) and superoxide radicals ( . O 2 - ) by introducing scavengers (IPA, P-BQ, and EDTA) into the reaction system. After five cycles of experiments, the material still exhibited good stability and outstanding reusability. This study highlights the promising potential of Ce-doped layered double hydroxide in various applications, such as wastewater treatment and environmental remediation, for removal of emerging contaminants.
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Journal of Water Process Engineering
·
2026
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IF 6.7
Fan Yin,Zihui Lin,Hailong Lu,Chunmin Xu,Hui Chen,Long Cheng
Given the limited performance of traditional biochar adsorbents, this study proposes an innovative two-step pyrolysis strategy for the precise synthesis of N F double-site co-doped biochars (NFBCs). This strategy effectively regulates the pore structure and surface chemistry of the material. The optimized material (NFBCs-1:3) exhibited an ultra-high specific surface area (2187 m 2 /g) and abundant active sites. Its maximum adsorption capacity for norfloxacin (NOR) reached 552.65 mg/g, significantly exceeding that of traditional biochar and most reported materials. The adsorption process followed pseudo-second-order kinetics and the Sips model. Mechanistic studies showed that its excellent performance stems from the synergistic effects of pore filling, π-π interactions, hydrogen bonding, and electrostatic interactions, with the unique N F double-site regulation of the electronic structure as the key. In addition, NFBCs-1:3 maintained excellent adsorption performance across a wide pH range, under coexisting ion interference, and in a variety of real-world water matrices, confirming its great application potential in the treatment of complex real-world wastewater. This study provides a new idea for the design of efficient and stable non-metal-doped carbon-based adsorbents.
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SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
·
2026
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IF 9
Bao Pan,Jiahao Zhang,Ruobai Li,Yanle Zhou,Jiani Qin,Rong Xu,Chuanyi Wang
The pervasive presence of pharmaceutical and personal care products (PPCPs) in water bodies underscores the urgency for the advancement of efficient and sustainable methods for their removal. Peroxymonosulfate (PMS)-based advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) have demonstrated significant potential in water purification, with their effectiveness largely hinging on the development of high-performance catalysts. In this study, cobalt-doped nickel ferrite (Co-NFO) nanocatalysts were synthesized using a sol-gel combined with calcination method to enhance PMS activation for the degradation of micropollutants. Characterization results confirmed the successful incorporation of Co into the spinel lattice of NFO, which improved phase purity and electronic properties without significantly affecting textural features. The optimized 2.5%Co-NFO catalyst demonstrated exceptional performance in the degradation of carbamazepine (CBZ), achieving a 92.7% degradation efficiency within 15 min, significantly outperforming the undoped NFO catalyst. The system demonstrated broad applicability across various micropollutants and maintained excellent stability and reusability over multiple reaction cycles. In-depth mechanistic studies, incorporating radical quenching experiments, electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) analysis, electrochemical measurements, and density functional theory (DFT) calculations, have elucidated that the degradation process is driven by a multitude of reactive species. The enhanced catalytic activity was attributed to the improved electron transfer efficiency and stronger PMS adsorption at Co-active sites. Potential CBZ degradation pathways were proposed, and toxicity assessment indicated a general reduction in the acute toxicity of the generated intermediates. This study introduces an innovative Co-doped magnetic catalyst, which, through the doping process, significantly enhances its catalytic activity for PMS activation, thereby offering a promising solution for efficient water purification.
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MICROCHIMICA ACTA
·
2026
·Vol. 193
·期 2
·81
·
IF 5.3
Zhang Haili,Peng Man,Lu Anjiang,Peng Xishun,Wang Cunwei,Zu Caizhen,Bai Zhongchen
A surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) sensor of Au/Ag nanoparticles (NPs) grown on ZnO/polypyrrole@Poly(3,4-ethylene dioxythiophene)-poly(styrene sulfonate) (PPy@PEDOT:PSS) film for detecting norfloxacin (NFX) residues in milk is presented. The ZnO/PPy@PEDOT:PSS film was prepared by the electrochemical deposition method. Subsequently, Ag NPs and Au NPs were deposited on the surface of ZnO/PPy@PEDOT:PSS film to form a Au/Ag/ZnO/PPy@PEDOT:PSS film by an electrochemical deposition process and the magnetron sputtering process, respectively. Owing to the charge transfer between the SERS substrate and the NFX molecules, this SERS sensor could effectively identify low-concentration NFX molecules with a limit of detection (LOD) of 0.84 nM. Moreover, it could also recognize NFX residues in milk with recoveries of 91.2% to 108.4%. The SERS sensor of Au/Ag/ZnO/PPy@PEDOT:PSS film had a high sensitivity, excellent long-term stability, and significant potential in food safety monitoring applications. Graphical abstract
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WORLD JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY & BIOTECHNOLOGY
·
2026
·Vol. 42
·期 1
·37
·
IF 4.2
Qiu Xianjin,Huang Jian,Zhang Hua,Wang Jinhua,Luo Tao,He Chunhua
As an emerging pollutant widely present, antibiotics pose a potential threat to biological wastewater treatment. However, studies on the impact of mixed antibiotics on biologicalnitrogen removal are limited. Three norfloxacin (NOR)-oxytetracycline (OTC) ratios (R1-R3) were established using the direct equipartition ray method and uses high-throughput sequencing technology and PICRUSt2 to evaluate the impact of mixed antibiotics at different concentrations on nitrogen removal efficiency, microbial community structure, and metabolic functions. The results show that the inhibitory effect of mixed antibiotics on nitrogen removal efficiency increases with concentration. Low-concentration mixed antibiotics (≤ 10 mg/L) have a negligible impact on biological nitrogen removal performance, whereas high-concentration mixed antibiotics (≥ 10 mg/L) severely affect it. Specifically, compared with the blank group, in the high-concentration group, effluent NH 4 + -N increased from 0.91 mg/L to 23.58–29.34 mg/L, while COD increased from 27.75 mg/L to 277.38-307.31 mg/L. High-throughput sequencing showed that, as the concentration of mixed antibiotics increased, the relative abundance of key denitrifying bacteria ( Thauera and Hydrogenophaga ) significantly decreased. Co-occurrence network analysis indicates that antibiotic mixtures with similar concentrations promote the enrichment of core nitrogen cycling groups and induce new community defense mechanisms. PICRUSt2 functional prediction showed that mixed antibiotics primarily inhibited the synthesis of microbial ABC transporters, Amino acid biosynthesis and Two-component systems, collectively disrupting microbial protein synthesis and proliferation, thereby reducing nitrogen removal efficiency. This study clarifies the mechanistic effects of mixed antibiotics on microbial metabolic pathways and provides a theoretical basis for the risks of emerging pollutants in biological wastewater treatment.
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