JOURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY
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2024
·Vol. 333
·期 5
·2389-2402
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IF 1.5
Mao Xueli,Xu Hechao,Liao Xin,Bu Fankang,Tang Jinrong,Yi Facheng
This study achieves the successful immobilization of simulated alpha- and beta-emitting radionuclides (Nd 3+ and Sr 2+ , respectively) by incorporating them into a glass matrix through Nd 2 O 3 /SrSO 4 (Nd/Sr). Varying mixture concentrations (5–30 wt% with mass ratios Nd:Sr varied from 10:1 to 1:10) in simulated radioactive soils were subjected to microwave sintering at 1500 °C for 0.5 h. Comprehensive assessments, including X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectra, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry (EDS), confirm the vitrification process’s efficacy. The vitrified sample exhibits an amorphous structure, smooth surface, and homogeneously distributed elements, highlighting microwave sintering as a promising method for the effective disposal of radioactive-contaminated soil. Graphical abstract
研究领域:
环境科学
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核废物处理
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材料科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Journal of Water Process Engineering
·
2025
·
IF 6.7
Yilai Zhong,Zengyuan Li,Jianchun Qin,Wenlong Li,Chunlin He,Lifeng Chen,Xiangbiao Yin,Mohammed F. Hamza,Yuezhou Wei,Shunyan Ning
Recycling rare earth elements (REEs) from NdFeB magnets alleviates the growing demand for these resources and contributes to environmental protection. Phosphate groups are known for their high adsorption selectivity for rare and precious metals. In this study, a novel phosphorus-functionalized silicon-based adsorption material (PPA@APTES/SBA-15) was synthesized using poly (ethylene glycol)- block -poly (propylene glycol)- block -poly (ethylene glycol) copolymer (P123) as a template, tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) as a silicon source, (3-amino-propyl) trimethoxysilane (APTES) as a coupling agent, and phosphite ester as a functional ligand. This material was designed for the adsorption and separation of Nd and Dy from NdFeB leaching simulants. The batch experiments revealed that PPA@APTES/SBA-15 achieved equilibrium separation of Co and REEs within 10 s, with SF REE/Co ≥ 2018.76. The material exhibited near 100 % adsorption efficiency for Nd and Dy in 6 M HCl solution, along with excellent reusability. Notably, column experiments also demonstrated near complete adsorption efficiency for Nd and Dy. SEM-EDS, TEM, XRD, and N 2 adsorption-desorption isotherms confirmed that PPA@APTES/SBA-15 possessed a uniform hexagonal mesoporous structure and a high specific surface area. TG-DSC analysis demonstrated that the organic loading of PPA@APTES/SBA-15 was 9 %. FT-IR, XPS, and DFT analysis suggested that PPA@APTES/SBA-15 bond metal ions via P OH (P O) groups.
研究领域:
材料科学
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环境科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS
·
2024
·
IF 2.8
Yang Li,Fen Luo,Jiahong Wang,Yu Gao,Gangchuan Ji,Xirui Lu
This study used a ternary Na 2 O-B 2 O 3 -SiO 2 matrix to simulate the immobilization of complex TRPO waste. The study investigated the relationship between the solidified bodies with different TRPO waste contents and their solid solubility, FT-IR, Vickers hardness, and density. The study found that the maximum amount of TRPO waste that can be immobilized in the Na 2 O-B 2 O 3 -SiO 2 matrix was 20 wt .%. When the TRPO waste content ranged from 5-15 wt .%, it was primarily immobilized in the glassy phase. When the TRPO waste content exceeded 20 wt .%, the crystalline phases NdBO 3 and Na 3 Nd(BO 3 ) 2 , which contain the main waste element Nd appeared. Samples containing 20 wt .% TRPO waste resulted in leaching of 10 -6 g·m -2 ·d -1 . The presence of NdBO 3 and Na 3 Nd(BO 3 ) 2 crystals resulted in a decrease in the Vickers hardness and density of the samples. The highest values for Vickers hardness and density were 6.77 GPa and 2.7 g -1 cm -3 , respectively. The borosilicate matrix utilized in this study has proven to be an effective immobilization of complex TRPO wastes and holds promise as a treatment matrix for TRPO wastes.
研究领域:
材料科学
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环境科学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
MINERALS ENGINEERING
·
2022
·
IF 5.479
Wenjie Zhang,Yunpeng Du,Xiong Tong,Xian Xie,Dongxia Feng,Qiang Song
As the most important method for the separation and purification of rare earth elements, solvent extraction is widely used in industry. HDEHP (Di(2-ethylhexyl) phosphoric acid) has become the most commonly used organic extractant because of its high separation factor for rare earth elements and large processing capacity. However, the large amount of ammonia nitrogen wastewater generated during the extraction process creates huge pressure on the environment. The tartaric acid complexing agent has been added to the aqueous phase to improve the extraction performance of HDEHP without saponification. This can effectively avoid the generation of ammonia nitrogen wastewater, which is more in line with the concept of green production. In this study, the effect of tartaric acid on the separation of Pr and Nd by HDEHP in hydrochloric acid and the corresponding mechanism are investigated. This study showed that the addition of tartaric acid could significantly increase the separation coefficient of HDEHP for Pr and Nd. When the tartaric acid concentration was 0.4 mol/L and the solution pH was 2.5, the separation coefficient reached β Nd/Pr = 1.85, which was higher than the separation coefficient of HDEHP for Pr and Nd in the saponification system. Combining Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic spectroscopy other analysis and detection methods, and in-depth exploration of the extraction mechanism, the final extraction of the compound structures was determined.
研究领域:
化学工程
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环境科学
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稀土分离技术
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH
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2023
·
IF 4.2
Zhenfeng Xiong,Ying Huang,Nan Li,Chaozhi Zhang,Yonghua Li,Zhuo Yang,Weidong Zhou,Kemei Zhou,Rong Zha,Changdong Sheng
Recovery of rare-earth elements (REEs), especially those of Dy and Nd, from Nd–Fe–B permanent magnets is crucial for sustainable development. Herein, an unsymmetrical pentanediamide extractant, N,N′-dimethyl-N,N′-didecyl-3-oxapentanediamide (DMDDOPDA), was synthesized and characterized for the effective extraction of Dy(III) and Nd(III). DMDDOPDA can form coordination bonds with metal ions because of the strong electron-donating abilities of the N and O atoms. The coordination sites might be inclined toward one side during the extraction. DMDDOPDA exhibited superior extraction performance in the HNO3 system than it did in the HCl system. The highest extraction efficiencies of Dy(III) and Nd(III) under optimal conditions were 99.9% and 99.5%, respectively, while their optimum stripping efficiencies were 100% and 85.3%, respectively. DMDDOPDA extraction of Dy(III) and Nd(III) in the four investigated diluents involved the formation of a neutral coordination complex. This study provides new insights into REE extraction using pentanediamide extractants.
研究领域:
化学工程
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材料科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS
·
2017
·Vol. 58
·期 3
·395-399
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IF 0.713
Xiaolong Liu,Chao Huang,Bing Li
In this paper, the cyclic voltammetry was applied to investigate the electrochemical reduction processes of Nd(III) ions in NdF3-LiF melts with or without excessive metal Nd. Equilibrium experiments were carried out in NdF3-LiF melts with excessive spheric metal Nd to investigate the relationship between the NdF3:LiF mass ratio and NdF2 concentration. Electrolysis experiments were performed in NdF3-LiF-Nd2O3 melts with different NdF3:LiF mass ratios to explore the relationship between the NdF2 concentration and the current efficiency.The results indicated that Nd(III) ions in the melts were reduced in two steps, i.e., Nd(III)→Nd(II) and Nd(II)→Nd(0). NdF2 could be formed by the comproportionation reaction between Nd(III) and Nd(0) and could stably exist in NdF3-LiF melts containing metal Nd(0). NdF2 mass concentration in the melts decreased from 45.5% to 36.4% with the increase of NdF3-LiF mass ratio from 7:3 to 9:1 in NdF3-LiF melts containing excessive spheric metal Nd, which resulted in a higher current efficiency during the electrolysis. And the highest current efficiency of about 50% for Nd extraction has been obtained by electrolysis in NdF3-LiF (9:1 mass ratio) melts with Nd2O3 (2%, mass concentration) at 1423 K.
研究领域:
冶金学
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电化学
✓ 已验证
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
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2025
·
IF 8.3
Yufei Hu,Jiashou Lv,Danqin Li,Meisi Yu,Wenjing Zhou,Furui Lin,Weiqiang Zhou,Jie Li,Caiqin Wang,Jingkun Xu
To facilitate the commercialization of methanol fuel cells, the development of catalysts that exhibit both high activity and durability is of paramount importance. Nevertheless, the widespread application of current Pt-based catalysts is limited by their high cost and susceptibility to CO poisoning, among other drawbacks. Research has shown that introducing suitable support materials can enhance their anti-poisoning, making support development a key focus. In this research, we suggest a new strategy based on the template method to successfully synthesize oxygen vacancies neodymium-doped TiO 2 hollow spheres (OV-Nd-THS). The platinum nanoparticles (Pt NPs) were successfully loaded onto the OV-Nd-THS support to form the OV-Nd-THS/Pt nanocomposite. This innovative nanocomposite serves as a highly efficient catalyst, converting solar energy and chemical energy into electrical energy. The results indicated that the catalyst exhibited an electrocatalytic performance of 2686 mA mg −1 under alkaline conditions, which significantly increased to 5252 mA mg −1 under illumination. After 400 cycle tests, the mass activity maintained approximately 62 % of its highest value, demonstrating excellent durability. This remarkable performance is attributed to Nd doping, which introduces abundant oxygen vacancies, facilitating oxygen adsorption and consequently generating more active sites. The separation efficacy of photogenerated carriers is improved by the presence of surface oxygen vacancies, which in turn improves photoelectrocatalytic performance. Moreover, the hollow structure of titanium dioxide enhances light-harvesting capabilities, thereby promoting charge separation efficiency and facilitating the kinetics of the methanol oxidation reaction. This study presents a novel approach and establishes a significant experimental foundation for the development of high-performance catalysts for direct methanol fuel cells.
研究领域:
材料科学
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能源化学
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电化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
PHILOSOPHICAL MAGAZINE
·
2022
·
IF 1.948
Ailian Zhu,Yupeng Xie,Keyou Shi,Min Chen,Jiawei Li,Yimin Zhou,Gaiyuan Chen,Yong Liu
Coal fly ash (hereinafter CFA) was employed to rapidly immobilise Nd-contaminated soil with the addition of TiO2 via microwave sintering technology. The effect of TiO2 doping on the phase composition, microstructure, elemental distribution, density, and chemical durability of the solidified samples was systemically investigated. The results indicated that the Nd element can be incorporated in the matrix with oxyapatite and pyrochlore as TiO2 content increased at 1200°C. Moreover, the sintered sample with the high bulk density and low open porosity was fabricated at a TiO2-doping amount of 7 wt.%. Meanwhile, the as-prepared samples doping with TiO2 exhibited excellent chemical durability. Especially, the sintered sample doping with 3 wt.% TiO2 had the lowest leaching rate (7.97×10−6 g·m−2·d−1 at 28 d). Our investigation reflects that CFA is suitable for Nd-contaminated soil immobilisation via microwave sintering technology and the introduction of TiO2 is conducive to the improvement of densification and chemical durability.
研究领域:
材料科学
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环境科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Journal of Physical Chemistry C
·
2021
·
IF 4.126
Baoguo Zhang,Li Wang,Kefeng Pan,Weimin Zhang,Yubao Liu,Yongjian Zhang,Lipeng Zhang,Zhongning Shi
Inexpensive electrolyte systems and readily available rare-earth (RE) precursors are necessary for the facile recovery of RE metals at the lowest temperature, which will allow the sustainable development of RE metal-based industries. Inspired by previous reports on Nd electrodeposition in various expensive and specialized ionic liquids (ILs), herein, we developed a practical, green, and cost-effective Nd-containing solvate IL composed of an organic solvent [(1,3-dimethyl-2-imidazolidinone)] and Nd (CF3SO3)3; the IL is well suited for Nd electrodeposition using LiNO3. The electrolyte structure and electrochemical mechanism of the IL were elucidated through physicochemical analyses and cyclic voltammetry. The role of nitrate was investigated in detail. Nd was successfully electrodeposited using the proposed method, as confirmed by scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction analyses. Thus, this work provides a firm theoretical basis and a practical strategy for the cost-effective bulk electrochemical extraction of RE metals at relatively low temperatures.
研究领域:
材料科学
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电化学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS
·
2017
·
IF 2.048
Kuibao Zhang,Dan Yin,Le Peng,Jingjun Wu,Jiali Xue
In this study, zirconolite/Mo composites were rapidly synthesized by a self-propagation reaction that uses MoO 3 as the oxidant accompanied with pressing. Zirconolite is one of the several materials that are being researched as host for lanthanides and actinides in nuclear waste . Nd was used in this study as a surrogate for actinides and was substituted into zirconolite at a stoichiometric ratio to charge balance the Ca and Zr sites (nominal formulation of Ca 1-x Zr 1-x Nd 2x Ti 2 O 7 ). Perovskite , zirconia, and rutile were generated as the minor phases with the addition of Nd 2 O 3 . The XRD results demonstrated that the Nd 2 O 3 loading is approximately 30 wt%. Nd was mainly incorporated into the lattice structure of zirconolite and perovskite. A 42-day leaching test of the Nd-bearing zirconolite/Mo composite showed that the computed normalized leaching rates for Ca and Nd at fairly low values of 9.02 × 10 −2 and 2.10 × 10 −4 g m −2 d −1 , respectively.
研究领域:
材料科学
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核废物管理
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
·
2024
·
IF 8.1
Zhongyan Luo,Jukka Kuva,Jan Luyten,Risto Koivula,Małgorzata Szlachta,Hongli Bao,Junhua Xu
The increasing demand for Co, Nd, and Dy, particularly in neodymium iron boron (NdFeB) magnets, has heightened concerns over their supply risks. Developing efficient, environmentally friendly methods to recover Co, Nd, and Dy from spent NdFeB magnets is therefore critical. This study presents the synthesis of two types of crystalline zirconium phosphate (ZrP) encapsulated in polyacrylonitrile (PAN) composite beads. The structure, morphology, and chemical properties were analyzed using X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetry (TG), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray computed tomography (XCT), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET), and 31 P nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). The intercalation of dimethylformamide (DMF) enlarged the interlayer spacing of α-ZrP and γ-ZrP, thereby enhancing their ion exchange properties. Batch sorption experiments revealed that α-ZrP/PAN outperformed γ-ZrP/PAN in both sorption and separation efficiency. α-ZrP/PAN beads exhibited high selectivity for Nd 3 + and Dy 3 + , with minimal Co 2 + sorption (8.57 %). Stepwise elution studies on α-ZrP/PAN demonstrated the obtained metal purities to be ∼100 wt% for Co, 64.1 wt% for Nd, and 96.5 wt% for Dy. Sorbent regeneration was investigated over ten sorption–desorption cycles, which revealed that α-ZrP/PAN retained 72.72 % of its sorption capacity, demonstrating excellent reusability and stability, while γ-ZrP/PAN’s capacity declined to 68.95 % after five cycles. The ion-exchange reaction accompanied by shrinking of the interlayer space was illustrated by combining the batch sorption experiments, column operations, and analyses from XRD, FT-IR, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Overall, α-ZrP/PAN shows promise for Co, Nd, and Dy separation from NdFeB magnets, although further optimization of sorbents and elution agents is necessary.
研究领域:
材料科学
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环境工程
·
化学工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
·
2019
·
IF 5.107
Yusheng Yang,Chaoqun Lan,Lingyun Guo,Zhuoqing An,Zengwu Zhao,Baowei Li
Tens of thousands of tons of rare-earth permanent magnet (REPM) wastes are produced worldwide every year. The recovery of rare-earth elements from the wastes can effectively reduce the exploitation of rare-earth minerals. The recovery of neodymium and praseodymium from a REPM waste is investigated by electrolysis in molten LiF-CaF 2 where no anode gas releases, making the process environmentally attractive. Neodymium and praseodymium are selectively oxidized from the REPM waste and transformed into rare-earth ions. To facilitate the oxidation of rare-earth elements inside the REPM waste, we intended to make REPM electrode form channels by oxidation of Nd-Pr and Nd 2 Fe 14 B alloys. By analyzing the microstructure of REPM electrode after forming channels, it can be found that the channels provide continuous transport access of the electrolyte to the inside of the REPM electrode. The separation rates of Nd and Pr increase with increasing current, while the rate of oxidation reaction is proportional to current. In addition, the oxidation of Fe initially occurs at the inside of the REPM electrode where rare-earth elements have been first depleted. The separated rare-earth ions are directly prepared as rare-earth metals at the cathode by electrolysis, leaving the porous Fe 2 B alloy and metallic Fe.
研究领域:
材料科学
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环境工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）