Processes
·
2023
·Vol. 11
·期 6
·1810
·
IF 3.5
Jichao Sun,Hewei Yu,Peisen Zhang,Gaoyu Qi,Xiuxiu Chen,Xiaohui Liang,Hongyu Si
For further resource utilization of solid waste steel slag and the reduction in biodiesel production costs, this study used steel slag as a carrier to synthesize a CaO-CeO2/slag solid base catalyst for the effective transesterification of palm oil into fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs). The synthesis involved a two-step impregnation of steel slag with nitrate of calcium and cerium and thermal activation at 800 °C for 180 min. Then, the catalysts’ textural, chemical, and CO2temperature-programmed desorption properties were characterized. The catalytic activity depended highly on the ratio of Ca-Ce to steel slag mass; the CaO-CeO2/slag-0.8 catalyst showed outstanding performance. Characterization showed that the surface area and total basicity of the Ca-Ce/slag-0.8 catalyst were 3.66 m2/g and 1.289 mmol/g, respectively. The reactivity results showed that FAMEs obtained using 7 wt.% catalyst, 9:1 of methanol-to-palm-oil molar ratio, 180 min reaction duration, and 70 °C reaction temperature was optimum (i.e., 95.3% yield). In addition, the CaO-CeO2/slag-0.8 catalyst could be reused for at least three cycles, retaining 91.2% of FAMEs yield after n-hexane washing. Hence, the catalyst exhibits an excellent potential for cost-effective and environmentally friendly biodiesel production.Keywords:steel slag;calcium oxide;cerium oxide;transesterification;biodiesel
研究领域:
化学工程
·
环境科学
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Nanomaterials
·
2022
·Vol. 12
·期 15
·2595
·
IF 5.719
Xian Zhou,Xia Chen,Wei Han,Yi Han,Mengxin Guo,Ziling Peng,Zeyu Fan,Yan Shi,Sha Wan
The sludge-derived biochar is considered an effective emerging contaminants adsorbent for wastewater treatment. In this paper, red mud and steel slag (RMSS) was used for improving sludge dewaterability and enhancing the sludge-derived biochar adsorption capacity. X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and a scanning electron microscope (SEM) were employed to comprehensively characterize the mineral composition, functional group, and morphology of the adsorbent. RMSS was able to improve the sludge dewatering performance by providing a skeleton structure to promote drainage and Fe(III) to decrease the Zeta potential. The dosage of 20 mg/g RMSS was able to reduce the specific resistance to filtration (SRF) and the Zeta potential of sludge from 1.57 × 1013m/kg and −19.56 mV to 0.79 × 1013m/kg and −9.10 mV, respectively. The co-pyrolysis of RMSS and sludge (2:8) induced the formation of biochar containing FeAl2O4(PS80). The PS80 exhibited a large surface area (46.40 m2/g) and high tetracycline (TC) removal capacity (98.87 mg/g) when combined with H2O2(PS80-H2O2). The adsorption process of TC onto PS80 and PS80-H2O2was well described by the pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order kinetic model, indicating physisorption and chemisorption behavior. The results indicated that co-pyrolysis of RMSS sludge PS80-H2O2could enhance the biochar adsorption capacity of TC, attributable to the degradation by ·OH generated by the heterogeneous Fenton reaction of FeAl2O4and H2O2, the release of adsorbed sites, and the improvement of the biochar pore structure. This study proposed a novel method for the use of RMSS to dewater sludge as well as to induce the formation of FeAl2O4in biochar with effective TC removal by providing a Fe and Al source, achieving a waste-to-resource strategy for the integrated management of industrial solid waste and sewage sludge.
研究领域:
环境科学
·
废水处理
·
资源回收
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
·
2019
·
IF 4.084
Feiqiang Guo,Xingmin Zhao,Kuangye Peng,Shuang Liang,Xiaopeng Jia,Lin Qian
Steel slag (SS) contains high amounts of metal oxides and could be applied as the catalyst or support material for the reforming of biomass derived tar. In this research, steel slag supported nickel catalysts were prepared by impregnation of a small amount of nickel (0–10 wt%) and calcination at 900 °C, and then tested for the catalytic reforming of biomass primary tar from pine sawdust pyrolysis . The steel slag after calcination was mainly composed of Fe 2 O 3 and MgFe 2 O 4 , and granular NiO particles was formed and highly dispersed on the surface of nickel loaded steel slag which lead to a porous structure of the catalysts. The steel slag showed good activity on converting biomass primary tar into syngas , and its performance can be further enhanced by the loading of nickel. The yield of H 2 increased significantly with the increase of nickel loading amount, while excessive nickel loading resulted in the decrease in CO and CH 4 yields and significant increase in CO 2 yield. The presence of steam contributed to enhancing the tar steam reforming as well as reactions between steam and produced gases, while decrease the contact probability between the reactants and the active sites of catalysts, leading to a little decrease in tar conversion efficiency but significant increase in syngas yield. The iron and nickel oxides were reduced by the syngas (CO and H 2 ) from the biomass pyrolysis, and stable and porous structure was formed on the surface of the nickel loaded catalysts during tar reforming.
研究领域:
能源科学
·
催化化学
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Journal of Cleaner Production
·
2024
·
IF 9.7
Lili Yang,Chong Li,Yun Da,Jinrui Zhang,Gang Wang
Concentrated solar power (CSP) is a green energy technology that efficiently harnesses solar energy. Solid particles constitute the key medium for solar photothermal conversion and storage. However, drawbacks such as high thermal radiation loss and poor high-temperature stability limit their application. This paper proposes solid particles based on steel slag for highly efficient and durable selective sunlight absorptance and thermal storage. Raw pellets are obtained via a simple extrusion and rolling process, and sinter them to derive solid particles. These particles exhibit excellent selective solar absorption characteristics and have good potential for efficient heat storage. The average solar absorption of the solid particles sintered at 1310 °C reaches 93.20%, and the emissivity at 700 °C is 80.25%. Furthermore, the specific heat and the thermal conductivity of wafer-like materials are 1.09 J/(g·K) and 2.92 W/(m·K), respectively. In addition, the solid particles are arranged for exhaustive and harsh high-temperature durability tests, and they exhibit an ultra-stable solar weighted absorptance of 93.25 ± 0.09% (mean ± standard deviation), excellent resistance to thermal shock, and superior abrasion resistance. Moreover, the low cost and simplicity of the process greatly enhance the scalability of steel-slag-based solid particles. In summary, by innovatively addressing the challenges faced by solid particles, such as high radiative heat loss, poor heat storage capacity, and high-temperature instability, this study accumulates an advantage in the competition with phase-change and thermochemical materials, and greatly improves the feasibility of using solid particles in large-scale applications.
研究领域:
材料科学
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可再生能源
·
环境工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS
·
2024
·
IF 7.4
Bin Zeng,Shaojie Jia,Wenjin Han,Xumin Zhuang,Liwu Mo,Toshiharu Kishi
The development of sustainable cementitious materials is critical for reducing the environmental impact of the cement industry. This study examined the feasibility of using the new amide-alcohol organic hydration promoter, TriDiethanolamine Citrate (TriDECA), in fly ash or steel slag (FA/SS) composite cement. The effects of TriDECA on the hydration process, hydration products, microstructure and compressive strength of FA/SS composite cement, as well as its impact on the dissolution of FA and SS, were systematically investigated. Results demonstrated that TriDECA significantly accelerated the dissolution of FA and SS, promoted the formation of hydration products (C-S-H, AFm), and refined the pore structure. Additionally, TriDECA increased the concentration of critical ions in the pore solution, promoted hydration and enhanced overall performance. At 28 days, FA-TriDECA and SS-TriDECA showed 8.1 % and 14.2 % higher strength than FA-TEA and FA-Ref, respectively. For SS-TriDECA, the increase was 13.2 % and 11.2 % compared to SS-TEA and SS-Ref, respectively. These findings suggest that TriDECA is a promising additive for enhancing the sustainability and performance of FA/SS composite cements, offering advantages in hydration promotion and microstructure improvement over traditional alkanolamines.
研究领域:
建筑材料学
·
可持续材料科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
·
2024
·
IF 8.2
An Wang,Meiling Wu,Zhongyuan Li,Yuqiang Zhou,Fanmin Zhu,Zhanbin Huang
This study utilized discarded steel slag (SS) as raw material and prepared modified steel slag materials (SS-SBC, SS-NBC, SS-BHA) through modification with biomass materials such as straw biochar (SBC), nutshell biochar (NBC), and biochemical humic acid (BHA). These materials were then applied for the removal of Pb from both solution and soil. The physical and chemical properties of the materials were analyzed using characterization techniques such as SEM, EDS, XRD, and BET. The specific surface area of the modified materials increased from the original 3.8584 m 2 /g to 34.7133 m 2 /g, 181.7329 m 2 /g, and 7.7384 m 2 /g, respectively. The study then explored the influence of different adsorption conditions on the adsorption capacity of Pb in solution, determining the optimal conditions as follows: initial concentration of 200 mg/L, adsorbent mass of 0.04 g, temperature of 15 °C, and pH = 2. To further investigate the adsorption process, kinetic and isotherm models were established. The results indicated that the adsorption process for all three materials followed a pseudo-second-order kinetic model and Freundlich isotherm model, suggesting a multi-layer chemical adsorption. Thermodynamic analysis revealed that the adsorption process was an exothermic spontaneous reaction. Soil cultivation experiments were conducted to explore the effects of different material addition amounts and cultivation times on the passivation of Pb-polluted soil. Analysis of heavy metal forms in the soil revealed that the addition of modified materials reduced the acid-extractable form of Pb in the soil and increased the residual form, which is beneficial for reducing the migration of Pb in the soil. FT-IR and XPS analyses were employed to study the functional groups, element composition, and valence states before and after adsorption passivation of Pb by the three materials. The results confirmed that the adsorption mechanisms of SS-SBC, SS-NBC, and SS-BHA mainly involved electrostatic adsorption, ion and ligand exchange , and surface precipitation. This study not only provides a new material for adsorbing and immobilizing heavy metals in soil and water but also offers a new approach for the resource utilization of steel slag waste.
研究领域:
环境科学
·
材料科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
·
2024
·
IF 8.1
Yingshi Zhu,Mingzhu Xu,Mingzhi Li,Jianqiu Zhu,Yanfei Wei,Lecheng Lei,Yuru Li,Tao Yu,Zhongjian Li,Yang Hou,Bin Yang
The extensive production of fly ash, despite its untapped potential due to its inherent richness in Fe, Ca, Si and Al, remains significantly underutilized. Herein, we innovatively designed a core–shell catalyst, waste steel slag@fly ash (WSS@FAC). It features a Fe-rich waste steel slag core surrounded by a high-strength, porous fly ash shell, effectively utilizing these valuable resources. This design leverages not only the Fe content for catalytic activity but also the abundant Ca, Si and Al in fly ash to enhance the structural integrity of the shell. By strategically incorporating Na 2 SiO 3 , the compressive strength of the shell was significantly boosted from 12.10 MPa to 24.12 MPa, attributed to formation of a robust glass framework structure. Furthermore, modulation of NaHCO 3 content engineered Fe leaching channels with an average pore size of 14.46 nm within the shell, ensuring controlled release of Fe ions through core–shell interactions. When the initial concentration of rifampicin was 10–60 mg/L, the removal rate could be as high as 97.06 ± 1.93 % − 83.78 ± 0.47 %. Over an extended reaction period of 80 h, the leached Fe concentration for WSS@FAC was only 1.88 ± 0.11 mg/L, which was approximately one-ninth of that for the same initial mass of WSS catalyst. Remarkably, the catalytic performance of WSS@FAC decreased by only 9.23 % from its initial efficiency of 83.78 %, highlighting its exceptional long-term stability. This study presents a novel Fenton-like catalyst that not only reduces Fe sludge production but also advances the sustainable recovery of Fe-containing industrial wastes, underscoring the importance of comprehensively utilizing all components within fly ash.
研究领域:
环境科学
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材料科学
·
化学工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
SOLAR ENERGY MATERIALS AND SOLAR CELLS
·
2024
·
IF 6.3
Wenjie Li,Erfei Xiao,Chenguang Li,Chaopeng Zhang,Xin Guo
The calcium looping (CaL) technique, renowned for its exceptional ability to withstand high temperatures and remarkable heat storage capacity, perfectly complements 3rd generation concentrated solar power (CSP) plants. However, the poor cycling stability and low spectrum absorption rate of CaO obstruct system efficiency. In order to tackle these problems, we impregnated steel slag with acetic acid and doped Mn to create a novel CaO-based energy storage material. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and fixed-bed cycling of the material revealed that the material has outstanding cyclic heat storage properties. Compared to CaO, the material has an 85 % higher initial adsorption rate, 73 % higher 30-cycle energy storage density, and 9.5 times higher average light absorption. Spherical pellets were prepared for industrial applications through the extrusion-spheronization method. The energy storage density for 30 cycles was reduced by 10.26 % for the pellets compared to the powder material, but the average light absorption rate was improved. The compressive strength of the composite pellets was 8.4 times higher than the dolomite pellets. It was found that the light absorption capacity of the material increased with the number of cycles, which was attributed to the migration of Mn and Mg from the interior to the surface. Finally, the excellent photothermal conversion capability of the new composite material was verified by the photothermal conversion test. Therefore, Mn-doped CaO-based composite material derived from steel slag is promising for application in the next-generation CaL-CSP system.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
能源工程
·
太阳能技术
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
·
2023
·
IF 9.8
Can Cheng,Wenjun Huang,Haomiao Xu,Zhisong Liu,Xianwei Li,Hongzhi Shi,Yongmei Yu,Zan Qu,Naiqiang Yan
The steel smelting process produces extensive CO 2 and Ca-containing steel slag (SS). Meanwhile, the low value utilization of steel slag results in the loss of Ca resources. CO 2 sequestration utilizing SS can reduce carbon emissions while achieving Ca circulation. However, conventional SS carbon sequestration methods suffer from slow reaction rates, finite Ca usage efficiency, and difficulty separating the CaCO 3 product from SS. Herein, an innovative two-step leaching (TSL) and carbonation method was presented based on the variations in leaching efficiency of activated Ca under different conditions, aiming at efficient leaching, carbon sequestration, and high-value reuse of SS. This method employed two NH 4 Cl solutions in sequence for two leaching operations on SS, allowing the Ca leaching rate to be effectively increased. According to the findings, TSL could increase the activated Ca leaching rate by 26.9 % and achieve 223.15 kg CO 2 /t SS sequestration compared to the conventional one-step leaching (CSL) method. If part of the CaCO 3 is recovered as a slagging agent, about 34.1 % of the exogenous Ca introduction could be saved. In addition, the CO 2 sequestration of TSL did not significantly decrease after 8 cycles. This work proposes a strategy that has the potential for recycling SS and reducing carbon emissions.
研究领域:
环境科学
·
材料科学
·
化学工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Scientific Reports
·
2017
·Vol. 7
·期 1
·1-10
·
IF 4.259
Gao Yuchen,Jiang Jianguo,Tian Sicong,Li Kaimin,Yan Feng,Liu Nuo,Yang Meng,Chen Xuejing
Soil washing is an effective remediation method to remove heavy metals from contaminated soil. However, it produces wastewater that contains large amounts of heavy metals, which lead to serious pollution. This study investigated the removal of vanadium (V) from synthetic soil washing effluent using BOF steel slag. The effects of particle size, slag dosage, initial pH, and initial vanadium concentration on removal behavior were studied. Adsorption kinetics and isotherms were also analyzed. The results showed that the vanadium removal efficiency increased as the steel slag particle size decreased and as the amount of slag increased. The initial pH and vanadium concentration did not play key roles. At the optimum particle size (<0.15 mm) and dosage (50 g/L), the removal rate reached 97.1% when treating 100 mg/L of vanadium. The influence of the washing reagent residue was studied to simulate real conditions. Citric acid, tartaric acid, and Na 2 EDTA all decreased the removal rate. While oxalic acid did not have negative effects on vanadium removal at concentrations of 0.05–0.2 mol/L, which was proved by experiments using real washing effluents. Considering both soil washing effect and effluent treatment, oxalic acid of 0.2 mol/L is recommended as soil washing reagent.
研究领域:
环境科学
·
土壤修复
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
·
2023
·
IF 9.8
Ya-Jun Wang,Jun-Guo Li,Meng-Jie Tao,Xi Zhang,Jian-Bao Zhang,Song Qin,Shao-Hua Liu,Li-Jie Peng,Xiao-Pei Zhang,Ya-Nan Zeng
This study presents a novel method for producing acicular aragonite using argon oxygen decarburization (AOD) slag while controlling the reaction temperature, reaction time, stirring speed, and the magnesium-to‑calcium stoichiometric ratio. This approach provides steel plants with an opportunity to decrease their CO 2 emissions and promote efficient resource utilization and CO 2 storage through the production of high-quality value-added products. The experimental results showed that reaction temperature was the most significant factor affecting the carbonation efficiency of AOD slag, followed by reaction time, stirring speed, CO 2 partial pressure, and the liquid-to-solid ratio (L/S). The study also found that elevated temperature and prolonged reaction duration favored the preferential precipitation of aragonite. Additionally, raising the temperature and the magnesium-to‑calcium stoichiometric ratio was shown to enhance the formation of aragonite, affecting its crystal growth orientation and dimensions. The optimal combination of reaction parameters for the preparation of acicular aragonite was found to be the reaction time of 8 h, the magnesium-to‑calcium stoichiometric ratio of 0.8, the reaction temperature of 120 °C, and the stirring speed of 200 r·min −1 . Under these conditions, the resulting acicular aragonite exhibited excellent overall uniformity, a large aspect ratio, and a smooth crystal surface, with a content of 91.49 %, a single crystal length ranging from 9.86 to 32.6 μm, and a diameter ranging from 0.63 to 2.15 μm. This study provides valuable insights into the efficient production of acicular aragonite from steel slag while reducing CO 2 emissions and promoting the sustainable use of resources.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
环境科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
·
2024
·
IF 8.1
Yi Han,Mengxin Guo,Ting Shi,Zhipeng Wang,Yi Wang,Zhibing Xu,Dejin Wang,Hongcheng Gao,Zheng Peng,Haobo Hou
The dynamic changes in the iron redox cycle (Fe 2+ /Fe 3+ ) played a crucial role in the electro-Fenton degradation of organic pollutants. The synthesis of composite particle electrodes RMSSx:y from a mixture of steel slag (SS) and red mud (RM) was applied in a three-dimensional electrochemical system for the remediation of hydrochloric tetracycline (TCH) in wastewater, utilizing Na 2 S 2 O 3 as an electrolyte. Further, some investigations were conducted to determine the effects of RM/SS, electrolyte, particle electrode dosage, cell voltage, and pH on TCH degradation efficiency. Under optimal conditions such as 8 g/L RMSS 5:5 particle electrodes, a cell voltage of 4 V, an initial pH of 3, and 6 mM Na 2 S 2 O 3 electrolyte, the degradation rate of TCH in wastewater was 98.3 %. Meanwhile, its total organic carbon (TOC) was reduced by 88 % within 60 min. Cyclic experiments with consistently high degradation efficiency demonstrated the stability of the particle electrode RMSS 5:5 . The practical applicability of RMSS 5:5 was further confirmed through its successful treatment of various industrial wastewaters, including dyeing (DW), chemical (CW), and pharmaceutical (PW) effluents, achieving chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal rates of 67.8 %, 67.6 %, and 65.0 % respectively. The enhancement of TCH degradation through the utilization of Na 2 S 2 O 3 as the electrolyte was primarily attributed to the complexation and reduction effects exerted by S 2 O 3 2- ions. These effects prevented the leaching and precipitation of iron ions, facilitated the reduction of Fe (III), and consequently enabled •OH ads to play a dominant role in the degradation process. These findings demonstrated the potential of RMSS 5:5 in efficiently degrading emerging contaminants, thereby offering an innovative approach for utilizing SS and RM as functional materials in electro-Fenton processes.
研究领域:
环境科学
·
电化学工程
·
污染治理
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）