SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
·
2022
·
IF 9.136
Wei Qi,Junhui He,Mengjie Li,Maolin Zhai,Long Zhao
Rhenium has important applications in metallurgy, military, aviation, chemical, and petrochemical industries and related fields. Because the average concentration of rhenium in the Earth’s crust is just one part per billion (ppb), it is necessary to research the separation and extraction of rhenium from its associated minerals or related solutions. In this study, rhenium extraction through demulsification of an alkyl imidazolium ionic liquid-based microemulsion was explored. Alkyl chain length, components of microemulsion, temperature, acid concentration, and competitive ions affecting rhenium extraction were thoroughly considered. The components of the microemulsion had a significant effect on the extraction process. Extraction efficiency improved with the increase in the alkyl chain length, but it decreased with the rising concentration of nitric acid. The concentration of alkyl imidazole cations in the continuous phase had obvious effects on extraction efficiency. Thermodynamic studies showed the process was endothermic and spontaneous. The extraction mechanisms were an anion exchange and electrostatic attraction between the two N atoms of the imidazole ring and water (H 2 O) or perthenate (ReO 4 − ) forming the complex ([Omim]ReO 4 )•(HReO 4 ). Thus, the extraction efficiency of the microemulsion system was about 1.6 times greater than that of the performance of ionic liquids alone. A microemulsion system can be damaged by a strong electrostatic repulsion and steric hindrance effect between the adjacent imidazole rings on the interface of the microemulsion droplet after rhenium extraction. The extraction system is a potential application for the selective separation and extraction of rhenium from simulated radionuclide liquid waste through adjustments to the acidity concentration. Findings of this study provide some basic data regarding the technology for separating and extracting rhenium in future.
研究领域:
冶金学
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化学工程
·
环境科学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
·
2018
·
IF 3.779
Kejia Kang,Rong Tu,Guoqiang Luo,Jian Zhang,Jiawen Zhu,Qiang Shen,Lianmeng Zhang
In this study, Re alloying and self-generated hard phase enhancement were used to improve the strength and toughness of W. The arc-melting W-based composite with 10 wt% Re and 1 wt% SiC addition is composed of toughening W-Re matrix and ceramic particles (W 2 C and W 5 Si 3 ). This composite having high strain capacity (37.1%) at room temperature (more than 5 times of W), exhibits the excellent hardness (5.04 GPa), yield strength (0.92 GPa) and fracture strength (1.78 GPa) due to the synergetic mechanism, grain refinement, and good interfaces bonding state. The synergetic mechanism of Re and SiC addition on strength and toughness was proposed.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
力学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
·
2020
·
IF 10.652
Wenjing Li,Xuelin Dong,Lihua Zhu,Heqing Tang
It is urgently needed to develop highly efficient and selective adsorbents for enrichment and separation of Re(VII) from Mo(VI) to obtain metallic rhenium. By tuning cross-link of chitosan, ionic gel capsules (CSN) were prepared, which had a core-shell structure and wrapped N263 (methyl trioctyl ammonium chloride) as an extractant. After being characterized, the CSN capsules were used as a green adsorbent for separation of ReO 4 − from MoO 4 2− . It was found that the gel yielded good adsorption capacities for Re(VII) in a wide pH range from pH 2 to 12. The adsorption of Re(VII) on the gel followed the Langmuir model, exhibiting a maximum adsorption capacity of 222 mg g −1 for Re. The adsorbent showed good adsorption capacities for Mo(VI) at pH < 2, but little at pH > 3.5. Therefore, the enrichment and separation of Re(VII) from Mo(VI) could be easily achieved by using the gel adsorbent in a wide pH range from 4 to 12, showing a separation factor β Re/Mo with values of 10 3 –5 × 10 4 . A mechanism was proposed for the selective adsorption of Re(VII). The extractant N263 wrapped in the capsule core provides excellent extractive adsorption ability for Re(VII) through ion association extraction, generating ion association complex R 4 N + ∙ReO 4 − in the adsorbent. The gel shell was composed of cross-linked chitosan induced by sodium tripolyphosphate, and functioned as a blocking layer for the adsorption of Mo(VI), being possibly related to a special interaction between Mo and P as observed in the formation of phosphorus molybdenum heteropolyacid and/or the crosslinking with Mo and chitosan. The CSN gel was successfully applied to separate ReO 4 − from a practical alkaline solution.
研究领域:
环境科学
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材料科学
·
生物化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF COLLOID AND INTERFACE SCIENCE
·
2023
·
IF 9.9
Junshuo Cui,Lanlan Sun,Liangyu Guo,Qian Sun,Xiaogeng Feng,Haibiao Yu,Ying Xiong
Uniform distribution of electrochemically active transition metal compounds on carbon cloth can effective improve their hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) performance, however, harsh chemical treatment of carbon substrates is always unavoidable during this process. Herein, a hydrogen protonated polyamino perylene bisimide (HAPBI) was used as interface active agent for the in situ growth of rhenium (Re) doped MoS 2 nanosheets on carbon cloth (Re-MoS 2 /CC). HAPBI contains a large conjugated core and multiple cationic groups and has been shown to be an effective graphene dispersant . It endowed the carbon cloth excellent hydrophilicity through simple noncovalent functionalization and, meanwhile, provided sufficient active sites to anchor MoO 4 2- and ReO 4 - via electrostatic interaction . Uniform and stable Re-MoS 2 /CC composites were facilely obtained by immersing carbon cloth in HAPBI solution followed by hydrothermal treatment in the precursor solution. The doping of Re induced the formation of 1 T phase MoS 2 , which reached about 40% in the mixture with 2H phase MoS 2 . Electrochemical measurements showed an overpotential of 183 mV at a current density of 10 mA cm −2 in 0.5 mol L -1 H 2 SO 4 when the molar ratio of Re to Mo is 1:100. This strategy can be further extended to construct other electrocatalysts that using graphene, carbon nanotubes , etc. as conductive additives.
研究领域:
材料科学
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电化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS
·
2021
·
IF 2.936
Jing Wang,Chenchen Niu,Kaiwen Hu,Xiujian Zhao,Kai Xu
Rhenium (Re), a non-radioactive surrogate for technetium (Tc), was incorporated into the lattice of SnO 2 by reductive co-precipitation process at room temperature, and Re volatility from Re(SnO 2 ) under different conditions (in air and N 2 and with glass frit) at elevated temperatures was carefully investigated. Re began to evaporate from Re(SnO 2 ) both in air and N 2 at 400 °C, while Re exhibited a faster volatilization in air than in N 2 , as all Re was gone at 1200 °C in air, but ∼40% of Re still remained at 1200 °C in N 2 . Additionally, Re did not volatilize from Re(SnO 2 )-containing glass frit until 800 °C and only ∼15% of Re volatilized at 1200 °C, suggesting the loss of Re decreased by ∼30% points through incorporation of Re into SnO 2 before vitrification. The analysis of Re valence transition revealed that the reduced Re 4+ was easily oxidized to volatile Re 7+ in air, but in N 2 , Re 4+ disproportionated to form Re 7+ and the lower valence states of Re at temperatures from 600 °C to 1000 °C. In Re(SnO 2 )-containing glass frit, the formation of NaReO 4 during vitrification inhibited Re 7+ volatilization before 800 °C, while the presence of Re 4+ in the glass melt enhanced Re retention at temperature above 800 °C.
研究领域:
材料科学
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核化学
·
环境科学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
NUCLEAR ENGINEERING AND DESIGN
·
2024
·
IF 1.9
Chenchen Niu,Aiqing Chen,Kaiwen Hu,Kai Xu
Due to its long half-life, high fission yield, and high mobility in the groundwater, Technetium-99 (Tc-99) is a troublesome nuclide in nuclear waste. Moreover, the primary concern is the high volatility of Tc during nuclear waste vitrification. Previous studies demonstrated that nitrate significantly affected the Tc volatilization during the vitrification of Tc-containing waste. However, identifying how nitrate affects Tc volatilization is challenging due to the complexity of the composition of nuclear waste. This study used a simplified SiO 2 -KNO 3 -KReO 4 feed with rhenium (Re) as a Tc non-radioactive surrogate to study the nitrate effect on the Re volatilization at elevated temperatures. The results showed that KNO 3 could facilitate Re volatilization at temperatures below 800 °C when the molar percentage of KNO 3 in the KNO 3 -KReO 4 binary system exceeded 60 mol%, which was attributed to the eutectic reaction between KReO 4 and KNO 3 at 310 °C. However, the increased KNO 3 content could inhibit the Re volatilization at temperature above 1200 °C since adding KNO 3 could increase the amorphous phase content, where Re was encapsulated and hardly evaporated.
研究领域:
核化学
·
环境科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL TECHNOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
·
2012
·Vol. 88
·期 3
·437-443
·
IF 2.168
Min Jia,Hongmin Cui,Weiqun Jin,Lili Zhu,Yu Liu,Ji Chen
BACKGROUND: Rhenium is a rare and valuable metal coexisting with molybdenum in molybdenite and sulfide copper ores and is hard to separate. Methods such as solvent extraction, ion exchange, adsorption, precipitation, etc. have been used to separate and purify Re(VII), and resin ion exchange has been widely investigated and used owing to its convenient operation and relatively low-cost. The main challenge comes from the preparation of resins having high performance and stability. In an earlier study, an N-methylimidazolium functionalized strong basic anion exchange resin was successfully synthesized and used for Cr(IV) extraction. This paper, reports on further synthesis and application of this resin for adsorption and separation of Re(VII) and Mo(VI), especially from copper arsenic filter cake. RESULTS: At pH 6.25, Re(VII) and Mo(VI) can be effectively separated with the N-methylimidazolium functionalized strong basic anion exchange resin, giving a Re(VII) recovery of up to 93.3%, but only 5.1% for Mo(VI). When using the copper arsenic filter cake sample 89.1% Re(VII) recovery was achieved. CONCLUSION: The N-methylimidazolium functionalized strong basic anion exchange resin exhibited high selectivity and recovery for Re(VII) in a mixed system. © 2012 Society of Chemical Industry
研究领域:
化学工程
·
材料科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
GEOSTANDARDS AND GEOANALYTICAL RESEARCH
·
2013
·Vol. 38
·期 1
·37-50
·
IF 2.77
Jie Li,Xiao-Ying Jiang,Ji-Feng Xu,Li-Feng Zhong,Xuan-Ce Wang,Gui-Qin Wang,Pei-Pei Zhao
en This link goes to a English section fr This link goes to a French section We report an improved procedure for the determination of the platinum-group elements (PGE) and Re, and Os isotopes from a single sample aliquot by isotope dilution (ID) using inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) and negative thermal ionisation mass spectrometry (N-TIMS), respectively. A two-stage column method was used to purify PGE-Re from their sample matrix and interfering elements (e.g., Mo, Zr and Hf) after Os had been separated by CCl 4 solvent extraction. The first column separation step used cation exchange resin (AG50W-X8) to concentrate PGE-Re and some potential interfering elements (e.g., Mo, Zr and Hf). In the second step, N -benzoyl- N -phenylhydroxylamine (BPHA) extraction resin was used to separate PGE-Re from the remaining interfering elements, which all remained strongly absorbed to the resin. The method was used to determine the PGE and rhenium, and Os isotope ratios in a range of geochemical reference materials (TDB-1, WGB-1, BHVO-2 and UB-N). The obtained results agree well with those previously published. This new method enables PGE-Re abundances and Os isotopic ratios to be determined on the same sample digestion, and circumvents the problems created by sample heterogeneity when comparing PGE and Re-Os isotope data. en This link goes to a English section fr This link goes to a French section Nous décrivons une procédure améliorée pour la détermination des abondances des éléments du groupe du platine (EGP), du Re et des isotopes de l'Os à partir d'un même aliquot d'échantillon par dilution isotopique (ID) en utilisant respectivement la spectrométrie de masse à source plasma (ICP-MS) et la spectrométrie de masse par ionisation thermique négative (N-TIMS). Une méthode sur colonne en deux étapes a été utilisé pour purifier les EGP et le Re de la matrice de l'échantillon et des éléments interférents (par exemple, Mo, Zr et Hf) et ceci après que l'Os ait été séparé par extraction par solvant CCl 4 . La première étape de séparation sur colonne utilise une résine échangeuse de cations (AG50W-X8) pour concentrer les EGP et le Re et certains éléments interférents potentiels (par exemple, Mo, Zr et Hf). Au cours de la seconde étape, la résine d'extraction N-benzoyl-N-phénylhydroxylamine (BPHA) a été utilisée pour séparer les EGP et le Re des éléments interférents restants, qui sont tous fortement absorbé par cette résine. La méthode a été utilisée pour déterminer les concentrations en PGE et Re, et les rapports isotopiques de l'Os dans une gamme de matériaux de référence géochimiques (TDB-1, WGB-1, BHVO-2 et UB-N). Les résultats obtenus sont en bon accord avec ceux publiés antérieurement. Cette nouvelle méthode permet la détermination des abondances en PGE et Re et des rapports isotopiques de l'Os sur la même portion d'échantillon digérée, et contourne ainsi les problèmes liés à l'hétérogénéité des échantillons lorsqu'on compare les données élémentaires des EGP et les données isotopiques Re-Os.
研究领域:
地球化学
·
分析化学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
·
2024
·
IF 10.8
Yanyan Chen,Hao Deng,Pengliang Liang,Heng Yang,Long Jiang,Jing Yin,Jia Liu,Shuying Shi,Huiqiang Liu,Yuxiang Li,Ying Xiong
Sustainable photocatalysis can effectively reduce the radioactive 99TcO4– to less soluble TcO2·nH2O(s), but the reduction efficiency is highly susceptible to coexisting nitrate (NO3–). Here, we quantitatively investigate photocatalytic remediation conditions for Tc-contaminated water stimulated by the analogue perrhenate (ReO4–) in the presence of NO3–, and we elucidate the influence mechanism of NO3– by in situ characterizations. The interfering NO3– can compete with Re(VII) for the carbonyl radical (·CO2–) produced by formic acid (HCOOH) oxidation to generate nitrogen-containing products such as NH4+, NO2–, and NOx, resulting in the decrease in the Re(VII) reduction ratio. Under the conditions of 4% (volume ratio) HCOOH and pH = 3, the yield of NOx is the lowest, and the selectivity of N2 reaches 93%, which makes the overall reaction more in line with the pollution-free concept. The X-ray absorption fine structure reveals that the redox product Re(IV) mainly exists in the form of ReO2·nH2O(s) and is accompanied by a decrease with the increase in NO3– concentration. Re(VII)/Tc(VII) reduction suffers from a serious interferential effect of NO3–, whereas the higher the concentration of NO3–, the more conducive to slowing down the reoxidation of the reduction products, which is advantageous for the subsequent sequestration or separation.
研究领域:
环境科学
·
放射化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY
·
2024
·Vol. 333
·期 5
·2273-2280
·
IF 1.5
Zhang Hui,Wang Ju,Wu Wangsuo,Luo Mingbao,Hua Rong,Zhou Zhichao,Ling Hui
This paper presents the first laboratory-based, simultaneous diffusion experiments of Re(VII) and Se(IV) in Tamusu (TMS) clay, using the capillary method. We determined diffusion coefficients ( D a ) and adsorption values ( K d ) for these nuclides under varying clay compaction densities, solution pH values, ionic strengths, and in the presence of humic acid (HA). The results indicated rapid acquisition of diffusion data, the D a values predominantly ranging from 10 −9 m 2 /s to 10 −10 m 2 /s, and weak adsorption for both Re(VII) and Se(IV). While the presence of HA augmented the D a and K d values for Re(VII) and Se(IV) diffusion in clay, these values did not exhibit significant alterations in response to increasing HA concentrations.
研究领域:
环境科学
·
地质学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Journal of Materials Chemistry A
·
2020
·Vol. 8
·期 23
·11607-11616
·
IF 11.301
Qiaozhi Sun,Biao Zhang,Lechen Diao,Biao Chen,Kai Song,Liying Ma,Fang He
The electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) in water–alkali and chlor–alkali electrolyzers is an indispensable source of H2 supply for industrial applications. Transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) have been demonstrated to be highly promising for the HER, but they are mostly operated in acidic solutions. Rationally designing TMD electrocatalysts towards efficient alkaline HER still remains challenging. Herein, we report a controllable atomic engineering of nitrogen atoms into 1T′-phase ReS2 using a simple one-step method. The optimized material shows a greatly enhanced HER performance under alkaline conditions, achieving a low overpotential of 90 mV at 10 mA cm−2 and outstanding stability (with negligible activity decay during the 140 h test). Density functional theory calculations reveal that rational N-implanting remarkably promotes H2O dissociation and H adsorption/desorption on the edge active sites of ReS2, and meanwhile increases electronic states near the Fermi level for improved charge transfer. Such ensemble effects are proposed to account for the much improved HER activity. The work broadens the horizon for designing TMD materials via atomic-site engineering for alkaline HER or other catalysis reactions.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
催化化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
·
2024
·
IF 8.3
Tong Ye,Yajie Wang,Xiang Yao,Hongbin Li,Taishi Xiao,Kun Ba,Yi Tang,Changlin Zheng,Xiaoyong Yang,Zhengzong Sun
The precise design and synthesis of active sites to improve catalyst’s performance has emerged as a promising tactic for electrochemistry. However, it is challenging to combine different types of active sites and manipulate them simultaneously at atomic resolution. Here, we present a strategy to synthesize Re atom-doped Cu twin boundaries (TBs), through pulsed electrodeposition and boundary segregation. The Re-doped Cu TBs demonstrate a highly efficient nitrogen reduction reaction (NRR) performance. Re-doped Cu TBs showed a turnover frequency of ∼5889 s–1, ∼800 times higher than the pure Cu TB active centers (∼7 s–1). In addition to the “acceptance–donation” activation of N2 molecules, theoretical calculations also reveal that the Re–Re dimer on TB can boost the NRR and impede the hydrogen evolution reaction synchronously, rendering Re-doped Cu TB catalysts with high NRR activity and selectivity.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
电化学
·
催化反应
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）