Science Advances
·
2025
·Vol. 11
·期 21
·
IF 12.5
Siru Chen,Kaixin Lin,Sai Liu,Chui Ting Kwok,Lin Liang,Ze Li,Shuangdui Wu,Ziai Liu,Chuyao Wang,Aiqiang Pan,Jianheng Chen,Tsz Chung Ho,Shauhrat S. Chopra,Yihao Zhu,Qingping Sun,Wei Li,Borong Lin,Chi Yan Tso
Tremendous efforts have been dedicated to facilitating heat dissipation into cold universe through radiative cooling. Nevertheless, its applications remain limited by overcooling in cold conditions and reduced effectiveness under nonclear skies. We present a robust metafilm inspired by the adaptive capabilities of horned lizards (Phrynosoma) to overcome these challenges. This design extends energy harvesting to rainy conditions while maintaining thermal regulation on clear days. The metafilm features a sandwich structure with fluorinated ethylene propylene/indium tin oxide outer layers for raindrop-induced electricity generation and thermochromic core layers for self-regulated heating and cooling. It achieves an optical contrast exceeding 63% in the visible spectrum, enabling sub-ambient cooling in hot conditions and above-ambient heating when cold. In addition, it demonstrates efficient droplet-induced electricity generation, delivering a high-voltage output of 208 volts with exceptional long-term stability. This multifunctional metafilm overcomes key limitations of traditional radiative coolers, offering a versatile approach for all-weather energy harvesting.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
能源工程
·
仿生学
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT
·
2024
·Vol. 196
·期 9
·1-14
·
IF 2.9
Shi Chen-Hao,He Bei-Bei,Zhao Jian-Liang,Liu Yue-Hong,Liu An
The presence of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) pollution on urban road surfaces is one of the major environmental concerns. However, knowledge on the distribution variability of PAHs in road dusts (RDS) and stormwater is limited, which would restrict the further risk evaluation and mitigation implementation of PAHs in road stormwater runoff. This study collected RDS samples and stormwater samples on fourteen urban roads in Shenzhen, China. This study investigated the variation of sixteen PAHs species in RDS and stormwater, and further evaluated the intrinsic and extrinsic factors which influence PAHs accumulation on urban road surfaces. The research outcomes showed significant differences on spatial distribution of PAHs in RDS and in stormwater. The land use types, industrial, commercial and port areas and vehicular volume have a positive relationship with PAHs abundance while dust particle size showed a negative correlation with PAHs abundance. For two phases in stormwater, fluctuation of PAHs with the rainfall duration in total dissolved solid (TDS) was more intensive than in dissolved liquid phase (DLP). This indicated when PAHs attached to RDS enter stormwater, most of PAHs still tend to be on solid particles than in liquid. The study outcomes are expected to contribute to efficient designs of PAHs polluted stormwater mitigation.
研究领域:
环境科学
·
污染控制
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
AQUACULTURE
·
2021
·
IF 4.242
Feichao Du,Chaoyang Hu,Xue Sun,Liuquan Zhang,Nianjun Xu
Some organic carbons were able to further promote astaxanthin accumulation in Haematococcus pluvialis under stress conditions. In this study, we demonstrate that adding 0.6 mM trisodium citrate (TSC) into the culture media increased astaxanthin content in the single cell by 2.4 folds and increased astaxanthin yield by 11.9% in H. pluvialis at day 7 under high light stress. In addition, the ROS level, which was highly associated with astaxanthin accumulation, was also increased by TSC. Subsequent comparative transcriptomic analysis revealed the mechanism underlying the promoting effect of trisodium citrate on astaxanthin accumulation. TSC treatment up-regulated significantly the expression of many enzyme encoding genes involved in TCA cycle, glucose metabolism, astaxanthin biosynthesis and fatty acids metabolism . In addition, trisodium citrate treatment significantly changed the expression of genes involved in ROS scavenging and cell wall biosynthesis. Our results indicated that TSC can not only be used as a carbon source but also further increase the ROS level in H. pluvialis under high light stress. Collectively, this study provides a new method that can increase astaxanthin yield, but also insights into the mechanism of trisodium citrate-induced astaxanthin biosynthesis in H. pluvialis under high light.
研究领域:
生物化学
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植物生理学
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DOI
高影响因子
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY
·
2013
·Vol. 36
·期 5
·733-739
·
IF 1.366
C. Prommuak,P. Pavasant,A. T. Quitain,M. Goto,A. Shotipruk
Biodiesel and valuable free lutein were demonstrated to be simultaneously produced from Chlorella vulgaris lipid extracts. The alkali catalyst used in the transesterification of triglycerides acted as a reactant in converting lutein fatty acid esters to free lutein. A maximum biodiesel yield of 33.6 % by weight of the algal lipids was obtained after a 4-h reaction with MeOH at the MeOH/biomass ratio of 16:1 using 6 % alkali catalyst. The excess of alkali and MeOH employed in the production of biodiesel ensured the complete saponification of all lutein fatty acid esters to free lutein, giving a maximum yield of 2.3 % by weight of the algal lipids. In addition, a process for the separation of the biodiesel and free lutein products from the reaction mixture is proposed. Finally, a preliminary economic assessment was conducted, the results of which suggest that the process for the simultaneous production of biodiesel and lutein from C. vulgaris may be economically feasible.
研究领域:
生物工程
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能源生物学
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植物化学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
Nano Energy
·
2016
·
IF 11.553
Qunwei Tang,Hongna Zhang,Benlin He,Peizhi Yang
Future solar cells may produce electricity in all weathers. We present here a cost-effective and high-efficiency graphene based conducting composite tailored all-weather solar cell that can be actuated with raindrops and sunlight. Due to the formation of π-electron|cation double-layer pseudocapacitance at conducting composite/raindrop interface, the delocalized π-electrons on graphene can migrate along percolating pathways forward at spreading process and backward at shrinking periods, resulting in charging and discharging of the pseudocapacitor. The optimized solar cell yields a photoelectric conversion efficiency of 9.8% under simulated sunlight irradiation (air mass 1.5, 100 mW cm −2 ) as well as current over several microamps and voltage of hundreds of microvolts under simulated raindrops. This work could extend our knowledge of future all-weather solar cells.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
能源技术
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
Canadian Journal of Chemistry
·
2024
·Vol. 102
·期 9
·
IF 1.1
Bin Chen,Lirong An,Feng Li,Yanan Tang
Monitoring organic pollutants in rainwater is important to understand relations between air pollutants and water safety. Non-targeted liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC–MS) is a powerful tool but because of big differences of pollutants in polarity, ionization efficiency, and low concentrations, it is challenging to detect all pollutants in a single analysis. Chemical derivatization is a widely adapted strategy to fractionate complex samples with enhanced sensitivity and selectivity. Herein, we propose the usage of dansylation as a chemical derivatization method to improve both LC retention and MS ionization of organic pollutants containing amine, hydroxyl, and carboxyl for non-targeted LC–MS analysis. We first evaluated the labeling coverage of dansylation to organic pollutants in water matrix. Using dansyl chloride (DnsCl) and dansyl hydrazine (DnsHz) to label 100 amine- and hydroxyl-containing compounds and 100 carboxyl compounds, respectively, we found DnsCl and DnsHz had over 60% labeling coverage for 8 categories of compounds. Then dansylation was applied to label the rainwater, source water, disinfected rainwater, and drinking water samples. To facilitate the annotation of dansylated compounds, we also established a web-based tool termed DansylFinder. Using DansylFinder, 3889, 5813, 6077, and 4050 tentative annotations were found in rainwater, source water, disinfected rainwater, and drinking water samples by dansylation-based non-targeted LC-HRMS analysis. Four hundred fifty four were persistently detected in all water samples, suggesting significant organic overlaps of the four water samples. In addition, two degradation pathways reported in drinking water disinfection process were also detected in disinfected rainwater, suggesting rainwater is a potential path for air pollutants to infiltrate drinking water system.
研究领域:
环境科学
·
分析化学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
ACTA PHYSIOLOGIAE PLANTARUM
·
2021
·Vol. 43
·期 12
·1-11
·
IF 2.354
Shu Xiao,Zhang KeRong,Zhang QuanFa,Wang WeiBo
Acid rain remains a global environmental issue that can indirectly impact plant root growth and health by mediating soil acidification. The impact of acid rain on the roots of Jatropha curcas L., however, has not been thoroughly evaluated to date in soils with a range of buffering capacities. We, therefore, explored the ability of J. curcas roots to tolerate acid rain in a range of soil types by exposing samples to simulated acid rain (SAR) (pH2.5, pH3.5, pH4.5, pH5.6) and then examining the impact of such exposure on root morphology, relative growth rate (RGR root ), nutrient absorption, enzymatic activity, and microbial biomass. Yellow–brown soil (YBS) and purple soil (PS) were found to be better able to buffer SAR-mediated acidification, thereby providing superior benefits to J. curcas root growth as compared to red soil (RS) and yellow soil (YS) under these experimental conditions. SAR (pH 4.5) significantly enhanced Ca, K, and Mg absorption by J. curcas roots, thereby improving their growth characteristics, whereas SAR (pH 2.5) impaired K and Mg absorption and thus suppressed root growth. K and Mg absorption characteristics were regulated by changes in plasma membrane H + -ATPase activity under these different SAR treatment conditions. Morphological and growth (RGR root ) adaptations of J. curcas roots to SAR treatment were associated with superoxide dismutase activity levels therein. SAR (pH 4.5) was sufficient to bolster the rhizosphere microbial activity of J. curcas seedlings, and correlation analyses revealed that root growth was regulated by rhizosphere microbial biomass P content under SAR treatment conditions.
研究领域:
植物学
·
环境科学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
·
2025
·
IF 13.2
Peihua Zhang,Runpeng Jiang,Boyuan Li,Aoxun Liang,Xueye Chen,Xiaoxiao Chu
Superhydrophobic surfaces have broad application prospects in droplet transport, sensors, microfluidics and other fields. However, most of the superhydrophobic surfaces are manufactured on rigid substrates or flexible substrates with low deformation. When deformation occurs, the superhydrophobic properties are difficult to be guaranteed, which hinders the practical application of superhydrophobic surfaces. Using a mixture of prepolymer A, crosslinking agent B and dimethylsilicone oil as raw materials, PDMS/dimethylsilicone oil superhydrophobic high tensile film (Pdoshtf) is prepared by simple template and low surface energy treatment. The prepared Pdoshtf shows excellent tensile property and superhydrophobic stability, the tensile ratio at break is 300 %, and the excellent superhydrophobic property can be maintained after 250 % stretching. In addition, droplet falling on the Pdoshtf bounces back in time without any residue, showing excellent superhydrophobic properties. Finally, an energy harvesting device composed of Pdoshtf and electromagnetic system is designed and prepared, which can collect the energy of raindrops through droplet drop and rebound.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
能源工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
·
2021
·
IF 6.789
Jianwei Dong,Hui Xie,Ranran Feng,Xijun Lai,Hongtao Duan,Ligang Xu,Xinghui Xia
Antibiotics receive many concerns since their negative environmental impacts are being revealed, especially in aqua-agricultural areas. Rainfall events are responsible for transferring excess contaminants to receiving waters. However, the understanding of antibiotics transport and fate responding to rainfall events was constrained by limited event-based data and lacking integrated consideration of dissolved and particulate forms. We developed an intensive monitoring strategy to capture responses of fourteen antibiotics to different types of rainfall events and inter-event low flow periods. Pollutant-rich suspended particles, as high as 1471 ng/g, were found in low flow periods while the very heavy rainfall events and consecutive rainfall events stimulated the release of antibiotics from eroded soil particles to river water . Therefore, these rainfall events drove radical increase of dissolved antibiotic concentration up to 592 ng/L and total flux up to 25.0 g/d. Sulfonamides were particularly sensitive to rainfall events because of their residues in manure-applied agricultural lands . Transport dynamics of most antibiotics were accretion whereas only clarithromycin exhibited a dilution pattern by concentration-discharge relationships. Aquaculture ponds were inferred to significantly contribute tetracycline , oxytetracycline , and clarithromycin. Conventional contaminants were compared to discriminate potential sources of antibiotics and imply effective catchment management . The results provided novel insights into event-based drivers and dynamics of antibiotics and could lead to appropriate management strategy.
研究领域:
环境科学
·
生态学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
·
2022
·Vol. 29
·期 57
·86651-86664
·
IF 5.19
Li Caidan,Wang Jing,Jiang Yue,Bai Yilin,Cheng Liu
Pollution of municipal sewage sludge with heavy metals (HMs) inevitably causes secondary contamination, threatening ecosystems and human health. Dissolved organic matters (DOM) would serve as HMs carriers or ligands, directly influencing the transport and distribution. So it is of essential importance to simultaneously evaluate the release characteristics of HMs and DOM from MSS. In this paper, we investigated leaching characteristics of HMs (Cd, Cr, Cu, Zn, Ni, and Mn) and DOM from raw sewage sludge (RSS) and lime-conditioned sewage sludge (LCSS) under simulated rain with different acidities (pH 6.5 and 2.9) via column leaching experiments. The results showed the release of HMs could be divided into two distinct stages, a rapid decreasing changes in the early stage and a slow and steady change in the later stages with a slight increase in the middle of time. At the early stage, DOM was dominated by protein-like components (tryptophan-like, tyrosine-like). As time passed, protein-like components decreased while humic-like components (fulvic acid and humic acid) increased gradually. Protein-like components showed significant positive correlations with HMs, while humic acid-like components showed strong negative correlations with them. Moreover, the leaching efficiencies of Cd, Zn and Mn at pH 2.9 was about 1.5 times higher than that at 6.5, and the fluorescence intensity of humic-like components at pH 2.9 was higher than that at pH 6.5, suggesting that acid rain accelerated the release of HMs and the humification of DOM. Compared with the RSS, the DOM of LCSS showed noticeable differences, especially an obvious increase of the fulvic acid component. And the leaching efficiencies of Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, and Mn in LCSS were much lower than that in RSS, indicating lime treatment retarded the release of HMs. Thus, our findings will be a guide to the treatment of HMs contaminants in MSS.
研究领域:
环境科学
·
环境工程
·
土壤污染
·
水体生态毒理学
·
固废处理
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
CHEMOSPHERE
·
2024
·
IF 8.1
Junhao Huang,Gangfu Song,Mingming Hao,Yitian He,Haotian Hao,Ruihua Li,Baoyou Shi,Xin Huang
ABSTRACT Stored rainwater, the primary source of drinking water in the villages and towns of the Loess Plateau in northwest China, has been found to contain per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) and lacks necessary treatment measures. Coagulation is a common water treatment process, and enhancing its efficacy in removing PFASs can significantly improve treatment efficiency, reduce costs, and minimize the environmental and health risks associated with perfluorinated compounds. This study investigated the removal efficiency of perfluorobutanoic acid (PFBA), perfluorobutanesulfonic acid (PFBS), perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), and perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS) using inorganic salt coagulants alone and in combination with polydimethyldiallylammonium chloride (PDMDAAC). The results indicated that the removal efficiencies of the four PFASs by polyferric chloride (PFCl) and polyaluminum chloride (PACl) increased with alkalinity. PDMDAAC significantly enhanced the coagulation removal efficiency of the four PFASs. The removal efficiency of the four PFASs was highest when the raw water pH was near 7. Within the molecular weight range of 0 to 500,000 for PDMDAAC, the removal efficiency of the four PFASs increased with increasing molecular weight. Charge neutralization is the primary coagulation mechanism for the removal of anionic PFASs. Therefore, this study provides guidance for selecting coagulants to remove PFASs from stored rainwater.
研究领域:
环境科学
·
水处理技术
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Environmental Technology & Innovation
·
2024
·
IF 6.7
Rui Zhao,Zheng Zhang,Meng Yu,Rui Gao,Zhe Sun,Shou-he Pan,Ying-jian Ma,Yong Xu,Xue-min Wu
Pine wilt disease (PWD) is one of the most destructive diseases affecting global forest ecosystems, and Monochamus alternatus (MA) is the main insect vector of pine wood nematodes. Effective control methods that cover the entire emergence period of vector insects are urgently required. Improving the rainfastness of agrochemicals on leaves can extend the holding period. Thus, a new environmentally friendly castor oil-based polyurethane nanoemulsion (CWPU-NE) was developed to enhance the rainfastness of clothianidin. CWPU adsorbs on the surface of clothianidin particles through electrostatic and intermolecular hydrogen bonding and attaches to the surface of leaves through hydrogen bonding and film formation. The results showed that clothianidin was still effective against MA 60 d after application. The developed CWPU-NE functioned as an efficient rainfastness adjuvant that enhanced the rainfastness, retention, protection, and sustained release behavior of clothianidin. Thus, it has great potential for PWD control and wider agricultural applications.
研究领域:
植物保护
·
森林生态学
·
农业科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）