WATER RESEARCH
·
2025
·
IF 12.4
Guo Li,Yan Liu,Chi Jiao,Zhengyu Jiang,Juan Zhang,Tao Chen,Tao Lin,Rong He,Wenkun Zhu,Xiangke Wang
Electrochemical uranium extraction from real nuclear wastewater with a high concentration of fluoride ions (F-) represents a promising strategy for the efficient treatment of radioactive wastewater and the recovery of the valuable uranium resource. However, the current progress suffers from the interference of extremely high concentration of F- and undesired purity of the final uranium product. Herein, we constructed the neighboring ensemble Lewis acid-base pair sites (ensemble Lewis sites) in bismuth oxides as the extraction material, which was integrated into a designed tandem electrochemical device for efficient recovery of high-purity uranium from real nuclear wastewater. The mechanistic study revealed that the ensemble Lewis sites dramatically enhance the binding of all dominant uranyl fluoride (UO2Fx) species through the simultaneous strengthened chemical bonds with U, O, and F atoms. Besides, the tandem electrochemical device rationally controlled the reaction period to U3O8, avoiding the undesired crystalline transformation to K2U2O7. Through 3 h electrolysis in 1 L of real nuclear wastewater, the extraction efficiency of uranium reached 99.9 % with only 2.2 % impurities of alkali metals in extracted uranium product, outperforming the previous work. This study offers an effective method for the recovery of uranium resources in real nuclear wastewater.
研究领域:
材料科学
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环境科学
·
核能工程
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Journal of Chemistry
·
2019
·
IF 1.727
Song-qi Hu,Yin Wang,Lin-lin Liu
Hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) powders were fabricated by the combustion synthesis with B/KNO3/HMX (octogen) mixtures as reactants. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) were adopted to investigate the phase composition and the chemical composition of the products, respectively. The morphology and resistance to oxidation were studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and thermogravimetry (TGA), respectively. The characterization results showed that the h-BN which was produced through this method has high purity and exhibits excellent resistance to oxidation. The purity of h-BN is improved with the increasing content of HMX in reactants with boron carbide (B4C) and boron oxide (B2O3) as main impurity, but conversely, the yields are obviously decreased. Taking the comprehensive consideration of the purity and the yields together, the optimal molar ratio of B/KNO3/HMX is 10 : 1 : 4. In addition, the experimental results indicated that the crystalline grain size grows with the increasing content of HMX. The method explored in this study does not need expensive processing facilities and equipment, which is a preferable approach for the laboratory to prepare h-BN of high purity.
研究领域:
材料科学
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化学工程
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DOI
高影响因子
MICROCHEMICAL JOURNAL
·
2025
·
IF 5.1
Dan Wang,Yuanmin Gong,Meiting Yan,Jiaqi Chen,Xueping Tao,Yang Zhou,Yan Ma,Li Rao,Panpan Chen,Qifeng Fu
Carbon dots (CDs) hold great potential for chromatographic separations. However, their application in chromatographic stationary phases has been limited by two major synthetic challenges: (1) insufficient control over surface chemoselectivity caused by impurity co-adsorption, and (2) structural heterogeneity arising from uncontrolled solvothermal byproducts. To address these limitations, we developed a self-polymerization-driven strategy to synthesize high-purity hydrophobic CDs from 8-amino-2-naphthol (8N2OH) and 2,3-dihydroxynaphthalene (DHN). These CDs were incorporated into organic polymer monoliths via in situ copolymerization, yielding novel 8N2OH-CDs and DHN-CDs hybrid monolithic stationary phases for reversed-phase capillary liquid chromatography. The synthesized CDs were thoroughly characterized, with high purity confirmed by proton nuclear magnetic resonance. The resulting monolithic columns exhibited high permeability and uniformity, as demonstrated by field emission scanning electron microscopy, attributed to the excellent dispersion of the CDs. The chromatographic performance was evaluated using nine types of neutral, alkaline, and acidic compounds, as well as Tanaka standard test mixtures. Compared to unmodified columns, the CD-modified monoliths showed significantly enhanced retention strength and selectivity, supported by Tanaka tests revealing multifactorial retention mechanisms. This work demonstrates the potential of high-purity hydrophobic CDs as versatile modifiers for high-performance chromatographic stationary phases.
研究领域:
分析化学
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材料科学
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DOI
高影响因子
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING SCIENCE
·
2024
·
IF 4.1
Haibin Xu,Chang Xu,Yuting Zheng,Dezhi Zhang,Haomiao Zhang,Jingdai Wang,Yongrong Yang
We present a continuous flow strategy for synthesizing a high-purity primary explosive, silver acetylide-silver nitrate (SASN), using a 3D-printed acetylene bubble generator coupled with a vibration device and a coiled tubular reactor. The mass transfer enhancement by the active mixing provided by vibration and Dean vortices in the coiled reactor mitigates the deposition of SASN particles on the reactor walls. We obtain high-purity SASN products by optimizing the reactor configuration and process conditions. SEM analysis indicates bulbous-shape SASN particles with 150–300 nm size in acetonitrile; DSC analysis reveals three main peaks between 180–230 °C and facilitates the evaluation of activation energies using the Ozawa method. The as-synthesized SASN exhibits excellent sensitivities as compared with other primary explosives. This gas–liquid-solid flow approach is effectively and safely scaled up by increasing the volumetric flowrate under fixed reaction time and can be readily extrapolated to other continuous syntheses with solids generation.
研究领域:
化学工程
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材料科学
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
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2024
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IF 8.1
Ruizhuo Liu,Jian Cao,Zhongwei Zhao,Yongli Li
Solvent extraction with organophosphorus extractants has potential as a low-cost method for efficient Mo recovery for acidic leaching solutions. However, improved selectivity is required to obtain high-purity Mo products. In this study, various acidic organophosphorus extractants were compared, and 2-ethylhexylphosphonic acid mono-(2-ethylhexyl) ester (P507) was found to be optimal for efficient Mo extraction and Fe separation from acidic leaching solutions. Under the optimized conditions (40 vol% P507, 3:1 organic/aqueous, 20 °C, 5 min), the Mo and Fe extraction efficiencies reached 98.1 % and 35.2 %, respectively, with a separation factor of 90.1. The Mo/Fe separation efficiency was further improved using a two-stage countercurrent extraction method. The Mo extraction efficiency was attributed to coordination bonds (P = O → Mo) formed between Mo(VI) oxycations and P507 dimers, as well as covalent bonds (P O Mo) formed by substituting the hydrogen ions in P507. Increasing the H 2 SO 4 concentration in the leaching solution gradually transformed MoO 2 2+ into Mo 2 O 5 2+ dimers, which formed MoO 2 (HA 2 ) 2 and Mo 2 O 5 (HA 2 ) 2 metal complexes during the extraction process. HCl scrubbing of the loaded organic phase effectively removed Fe. For subsequent ammonia stripping of the HCl-scrubbed organic phase, the optimal ammonia concentration was 1.25 mol/L. Further increasing the ammonia concentration promoted the saponification reaction of ammonia with P507, thereby reducing the Mo stripping efficiency. In summary, using multistage countercurrent extraction, increasing the H 2 SO 4 concentration in the leaching solution, and scrubbing the loaded organic phase with HCl facilitate efficient Mo/Fe separation, providing a feasible approach for the preparation of high-purity ammonium molybdate with broad application prospects.
研究领域:
冶金化学
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环境工程
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
International Journal of Applied Ceramic Technology
·
2019
·Vol. 17
·期 2
·778-789
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IF 1.074
Weihua Chen,Jiancheng Tang,Xingwang Shi,Nan Ye,Zhihao Yue,Xinghao Lin
High-purity titanium aluminum carbide (Ti 3 AlC 2 ) powders were synthesized by a microwave sintering method using different titanium sources as raw materials. The prepared products were characterized by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The results indicated that the synthesized Ti 3 AlC 2 powders have high purity (97.5%) and even distribution of the grain size when using a 3TiH 2 /1.2Al/2C mixture as raw materials when the microwave sintering temperature and time were 1300°C and 30 minutes, respectively. The formation mechanism of the Ti 3 AlC 2 is described as proceeding via four stages. The solid-phase reaction between titanium and aluminum occurs below the melting point of aluminum and the main product is a Ti 3 Al phase, which is an observed intermediate compound for the formation of Ti 2 AlC and Ti 3 AlC 2 . Thus, this study provides a beneficial approach to low-temperature synthesis of high-purity Ti 3 AlC 2 materials.
研究领域:
材料科学
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无机化学
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
SOLID STATE SCIENCES
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2023
·
IF 3.5
Guang Yang,Hengwei Yan,Zhanwei Liu,Wenhui Ma,Shenghui Guo,Yonghui Yang
In this study, aluminothermic reduction and molten salt electrolysis were combined to prepare titanium powder. In this combined method, titanium dioxide was first deoxidized to produce titanium–aluminum alloy through an aluminothermic reduction reaction, and then the titanium–aluminum alloy was separated through chloride molten salt electrolysis to generate titanium powder. The obtained titanium powder, titanium aluminum alloy and slag was analyzed using several techniques, including X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy. A mass ratio of 2:3 of titanium dioxide and aluminum was suitable for the production of titanium–aluminum alloys. A large amount of alumina generated through the aluminothermic reduction reaction was separated into slag phases using cryolite. Then, the phases were electrolyzed into aluminum and cryolite, which were reused as raw materials. The final titanium–aluminum alloy product was electrolyzed in a chloride molten salt system to separate titanium and aluminum and produce titanium powder. Therefore, the combination of thermal reduction and molten salt electrolysis is efficient and has great potential for producing high-purity titanium powder.
研究领域:
材料科学
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冶金工程
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
WASTE MANAGEMENT
·
2023
·
IF 8.1
Cong Li,Xiaofeng Yang,Yongkui Li,Yu Chen,Xiaodong Pan,Yongping Xie,Xingyu Liu,Suqin Li
Hematite tailings (HTs) are rich in silica and are used as replacements for fine aggregates in the preparation of construction materials. However, there is scope for a more effective utilization of the valuable elements present in HTs. In this paper, a process for preparing high-purity SiO 2 using HTs procured from Ansteel (China) is proposed. HTs were treated using the superconducting high-gradient magnetic separation (S-HGMS) technology, where the silica as part of the nonmagnetic fraction was obtained in the form of a high-silica concentrate, which was then subjected to mixed-acid leaching to dissolve impurities to achieve refined purification. The optimum process conditions for S-HGMS were determined, and the response surface methodology was applied to optimize the process parameters of the mixed-acid leaching process. The process indicators of the mixed-acid leaching step included the leaching time, leaching temperature, and molar ratio of the mixed acids. The optimum process conditions for S-HGMS were as follows: the magnetic strength-to-velocity ratio in the weak magnetic separation stage was set to 0.034 T·s/m whereas it was maintained at 0.076 T·s/m in the strong magnetic separation stage; the pulp concentration was 40 g/L, the pulp velocity was 500 mL/min, and the dispersant concentration was 1 mg/g. Under these conditions, the high-silica pulp was processed. The corresponding SiO 2 grade increased from 71.788 % to 95.260 %, and its recovery and yield reached 56.330 % and 42.450 %, respectively. The SiO 2 content in the sample increased from 95.260 % to 99.961 %. Further, the mechanisms of the S-HGMS and mixed-acid leaching were revealed. The proposed process is environmentally friendly and operationally inexpensive. It can reduce the amount of HTs by 42.450 %, and the obtained high-purity silica product has high economic value and good industrialization prospects.
研究领域:
材料科学
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环境工程
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering
·
2025
·
IF 7.2
Furong Jia,Yun Li,Hongfei Guo,Xueqing Chen,Jilin Cao
Currently, comprehensive utilization technology of seawater bittern faces several challenges, including low resource utilization efficiency, limited value of magnesium salt products, and high energy consumption. This study proposes an innovative approach to prepare high-purity MgO. This process begins with the reaction of brine with a mixed alkaline solution of NaOH-Na 2 CO 3 to synthesize basic magnesium carbonate (4MgCO 3 ·Mg(OH) 2 ·4 H 2 O). Subsequently, 4MgCO 3 ·Mg(OH) 2 ·4 H 2 O is transformed into a high-purity Mg(OH) 2 structure through the hydrothermal conversion method. Finally, high-purity MgO is obtained by calcining magnesium hydroxide. The effects of mixed alkali precipitation and hydrothermal reaction conditions on the structure, morphology, and purity of intermediate products and MgO are systematically investigated. The optimal conditions for preparing high-purity MgO are determined as follows: the molar ratio of Mg 2 + :CO 3 2− :OH − in seawater bittern to the NaOH-Na 2 CO 3 mixed alkali is 5:4.7:2, at a reaction temperature of 60 °C, stirring speed of 200 rpm, stirring time of 10 min, and reaction time of 35 min. Under these conditions, spherical 4MgCO 3 ·Mg(OH) 2 ·4 H 2 O is initially obtained. Subsequently, the 4MgCO 3 ·Mg(OH) 2 ·4 H 2 O underwent hydrothermal treatment at a solid-to-liquid ratio of 8:100 and a temperature of 120 °C. Polyethylene glycol (PEG) is added as a surfactant at 3 wt % of the solid content of 4MgCO 3 ·Mg(OH) 2 ·4 H 2 O, along with 5 g of NaOH (accounting for 62.5 wt %), for 2 h. This process yielded high-purity Mg(OH) 2 with a thin flake morphology. Finally, the high-purity Mg(OH) 2 is calcined at 500 °C for 4 h, resulting in cubic crystal nano-MgO with a purity of 99.8 % and an average particle size of approximately 30 nm.
研究领域:
材料科学
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化学工程
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无机合成
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纳米技术
·
资源利用
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
CERAMICS INTERNATIONAL
·
2024
·
IF 5.1
Yiang Du,Chong Wang,Wenjun Liu,Tuo Yan,Jiaxuan Li,Bing Wang,Yingde Wang
Boron nitride (BN) has excellent high temperature resistance, thermal conductivity , strong insulation, and wave-transparent properties. Spherical BN is an essential filler in polymer matrix composites due to good particle mobility and high filler content. In this paper, we present a large-scale preparation for BN microspheres with uniform particle size distribution in the range of 1.0–2.8 μm via solvothermal method at low cost and high yield (∼90%), which is two orders of magnitude lower than the diameter of the spherical BN prepared by other methods. BN microspheres can achieve good crystallinity (>70%) and high purity (>99.9%) at 800 °C. The temperature resistance study showed that the BN microspheres could maintain the dense particle morphology at 1200 °C. In addition, the prepared BN microspheres have good dielectric and thermal conductivity properties (dielectric constant ∼3.4, dielectric loss ∼2.0 × 10 −3 , and thermal conductivity of 9.8 W m −1 K −1 ), which show great potential in the field of wave-transparent and thermal conductive composites. The synthesis process of BN microspheres proposed in this study provides a new idea for the preparation of ceramic micro or nano materials by polymer-derived ceramics.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
陶瓷材料
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
VACUUM
·
2021
·
IF 3.627
Zhaowang Dong,Xueyi Guo,Bin Yang,Heng Xiong,Wenlong Jiang
Lead sulfide (PbS) is the main component of galena. The traditional method used to prepare metal lead from galena is disadvantaged by high energy consumption and severe pollution. In this paper, an eco-friendly yet simple process is proposed to prepare high-purity metal lead directly from lead sulfide. According to thermodynamic calculation, lead sulfide can be decomposed into metal lead under vacuum. The pathway to decomposition is based on the reaction of 2PbS (s) = 2 Pb (l) + S 2 (g). Besides, an investigation was conducted into the impact of temperature and holding time on the quality of decomposition products and the purity of lead in residue. The investigative results show that the decomposition rate of lead sulfide reached its maximum at 1050 °C for 60 min, which is about 50%, and the purity of the lead in the residue reached 99.51%. When the temperature reached above 1100 °C and the holding time exceeded 40 min, the purity of lead reached as high as 99.81%, but the quality of the residue stayed low. This method contributes a fresh idea to the eco-friendly utilization and efficient purification of galena for preparing high-purity metal lead.
研究领域:
冶金学
·
环境科学
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DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL TECHNOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
·
2020
·Vol. 95
·期 5
·1542-1549
·
IF 2.75
Yuxuan Liu,Yunxin Zheng,Hao Wu,Wei Zhang,Tianyu Ren,Shengping You,Wei Qi,Rongxin Su,Zhimin He
BACKGROUND Cadaverine is a natural polyamine that can replace fossil-derived hexamethylene diamine to produce bio-based polyamide. Despite huge developments in cadaverine bioproduction, an econo"mically attractive purification process is a highly important part of the production of high-purity cadaverine. RESULTS This study utilized l -lysine hydrochloride as a substrate for the production of high-purity cadaverine via a litre-scale integrated process incorporating fermentation, bioproduction, deprotonation, extraction and rectification. First, 8.24 U mg –1 lysine decarboxylase activity and 205 g L –1 cadaverine with a yield of 91.61% were achieved through the fermentation of low-cost industrial culture by engineered Escherichia coli and the bioproduction of cadaverine by lysine decarboxylase. Secondly, four integrated purification methods – deprotonation-evaporation, pH adjustment-deprotonation-evaporation, deprotonation-extraction-evaporation and deprotonation-extraction-rectification – were explored, and the conditions of each unit operation in the chosen method (deprotonation-extraction-rectification) were optimized. Then the optimized method was applied to a 2-L purification system, resulting in 99% purity of cadaverine with a yield of 87.47%. Furthermore, the n -butanol recovery ratio reached 91.25%, effectively avoiding the waste of resources and environmental pollution, and thus reducing purification costs. CONCLUSION The proposed experimental approach proves that this integrated process leads to the production of high-purity cadaverine. In the 2-L-scale integrated process, 358.64 g cadaverine of 99% purity was produced at a cost of US$3.99 (US$1.11 per 100 g), which is far below its market price (US$784.71 per 100 g). This integrated process provides a potential way for the industrial-scale production of bio-based cadaverine. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry
研究领域:
生物工程
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化学工业
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）