INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH
·
2019
·
IF 3.375
Bin Hu,Wenchao Zhang,Chunpei Yu,Zilong Zheng,Yajie Chen,Jiaxin Wang,Jingping Liu,Kefeng Ma,Wei Ren
The CuO micro/nanowires film has been prepared successfully on a Cu substrate using a combination of an electrochemical anodization and an annealing treatment. Its morphology and phase composition have been systemically examined. The vertically aligned CuO micro/nanowires can form a skeleton to facilitate the embedment of Al nanoparticles so that their interfacial contacts will expand significantly to increase the total energy release. The CuO micro/nanowires can be used to synthesize the Al/CuO composite thermite film using an electrophoretic deposition of Al nanoparticles. The thermal analyses reveal that the Al/CuO composite thermite film can release a heat output of 2009 J·g–1 at 10 min deposition. This work develops an effective protocol for the synthesis of the Al/CuO composite thermite film, which is highly compatible with microelectromechanical systems to realize functional energetic chips.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
能量存储与转换
·
纳米技术
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Defence Technology
·
2021
·
IF 3.172
Yan-jun Yin,Feng Hu,Le-hua Cheng,Xiao-dong Wang
Thermite films are typical energetic materials (EMs) and have great value in initiating explosive devices. However, research in thermite film preparation is far behind that of research in thermite powders. Electrophoretic deposition (EPD) is an emerging, rapid coating method for film fabrication, including of energetic composite films. In this work, a polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)/Al/CuO organic-inorganic hybrid energetic film was successfully obtained using the above method for the first time. The addition of lithocholic acid as a surfactant into the electroplating suspension enabled PTFE to be charged. The combustion and energy release were analyzed by means of a high-speed camera and differential scanning calorimetery (DSC). It was found that the combustion process and energy release of PTFE/Al/CuO were much better than that of Al/CuO. The main reason for the excellent combustion performance of the hybrid PTFE/Al/CuO system was that the oxidability of PTFE accelerated the redox reaction between Al and CuO. The prepared PTFE/Al/CuO film was also employed as ignition material to fire a B–KNO 3 explosive successfully, indicating considerable potential for use as an ignition material in micro-ignitors. This study sheds light on the preparation of fluoropolymer-containing organic-inorganic hybrid energetic films by one-step electrophoretic deposition.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
含能材料
·
电化学
·
燃烧物理
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING SCIENCE
·
2020
·
IF 3.871
Lei Xiao,Lujia Zhao,Xiang Ke,Tengyue Zhang,Gazi Hao,Yubing Hu,Guangpu Zhang,Hu Guo,Wei Jiang
Nanothermites have a promising study in micro propellant due to its faster reaction rate, higher energy-release efficiency, and significantly enhanced combustion performance. However, most thermites prepared by physical mixing are easy to separate during the propellant preparation process, significantly impeding the embodiment of the advantages of thermite. In this study, Al/CuO/PVDF microspheres incorporating high explosive RDX have been successfully assembled by electrospray technology. The thermal and combustion performance of the composite microspheres have significantly improved. They have shorter delay time, burning time, and higher pressure, pressurization rate than the physical mixtures, which are attributed to their uniform structure and the interaction of the components. And based on combustion tests, the combustion performance of microspheres is mainly affected by the content of RDX. These results indicate that the electrospray technology and adding RDX into microspheres are effective methods to prepare nanothermites with enhanced reactivity.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
燃烧与爆炸领域
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
COMBUSTION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
·
2024
·
IF 1.7
Qihui Wang,Xiaofeng Sun,Ruozhou Wang,Li Liu,Qi Zhang,Yi Sun,Zhitao Yan,Xueming Li
The objective of this study is to enhance the mixing uniformity and contact efficiency between nano-Al and oxidizers through structural control, while suppressing the “pre – ignition fusion” effect of nanothermites. We employed biotemplate approach, utilizing Lycopodium japonicum Thunb. spores (LP) and Papilio maackii wings (PW) as sacrificial templates, to successfully fabricate hierarchically structured Al/PW-CuO and Al/LP-CuO nanothermites. At a stoichiometric ratio of Ф = 1.5, Al/PW-CuO exhibited the highest heat release of 2278.00 J/g, whereas Al/LP-CuO also achieved a substantial heat release of 1969.08 J/g. These outstanding performances are attributed to the unique structures of PW-CuO and LP-CuO, especially the spine-like plate structure of PW-CuO, which provides more reaction sites, thereby enhancing spatial utilization and heat release efficiency. This study provides new insights for the design and application of highly active nanoenergetic materials.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
化学工程
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS ENGINEERING AND PERFORMANCE
·
2025
·
IF 2
Yin Yanjun,Yang Chao,Hei Jinpei,Cheng Lehua,Li Lei,Yin Xiaojie,Zhang Yang,Ma Zili
By utilizing the advantages of easy film-forming properties and high fluoride content of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), vacuum spin-coating technology was used to prepare PVDF@Al/CuO self-supporting energetic film with different PVDF addition amounts. The films such as PVDF_2@Al/CuO, PVDF_4@Al/CuO, PVDF_6@Al/CuO, and PVDF_8@Al/CuO were obtained with different coating layers. The composition, structure, morphology, and hydrophobicity of the samples were studied using x-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), and contact angle measurement equipment. The combustion behavior and heat release performance of PVDF@Al/CuO energetic thin films were investigated by high-speed cameras and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) technology. The results showed that the surface of PVDF@Al/CuO energetic thin film is the smoothest, most even, and self-supporting when the PVDF content was 8%. The static contact angle on the left side of the energetic film is 103.7°, and the static contact angle on the right side is 104.1°, indicating a certain degree of hydrophobicity. Additionally, the PVDF_8@Al/The CuO film with 7 coating layer burns violently, releasing a heat of 5890 J g −1 with over pressure of 559 KPa. Our results highlight the application of PVDF as additive to prepare self-supporting energetic films by spin coating.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
化学工程
·
能源化学
·
应用物理
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
·
2026
·
IF 13.2
Xiaoxia Ma,Changcheng Bao,Lin Shi,Junzhe Xu,Wei Liu,Jimin Han,Li Yang
Al/CuO nanothermite films are prone to cracks/gaps that alter combustion behavior. This study investigates nanothermite films with engineered gaps, focusing on particle advection. Using high-speed microscopy (70,000 fps, submicron resolution), we find gaps induce a “V-shaped” reaction front, boosting the combustion rate by 6-fold (929 vs. 153.8 mm/s for gap-free films). Maximum enhancement occurs at gaps of 0–200 μm, where molten Al 2 O 3 /Cu particles (~4.8 μm in diameter, ~7 m/s in velocity) traverse the gaps to ignite unreacted regions, acting as the primary driver for accelerated combustion. Beyond 200 μm, enhancement diminishes as particles solidify upon cooling to the phase transition temperature, rebound upon reaching the opposite side, and ultimately cause ignition failure. A condensation model with experimental parameters as input explains this phenomenon: Al 2 O 3 solidifies within the 200 μm range, while Cu solidifies within the 600 μm range. Simulation results confirm that combustion acceleration is significant before both particles are fully solidified, with the enhancement diminishing after Al 2 O 3 solidifies and nearly no combustion acceleration occurring after Cu solidifies. These findings clarify the structure-property relationship of energetic films, laying a solid foundation for the regulation of ignition timing based on the gap-burning rate correlation. The prepared lightweight, thin, and coatable films are suitable for microdevices, further opening up a new path for the development of multi-timing complex logic ignition networks.
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Nanomaterials
·
2021
·Vol. 11
·期 12
·3366
·
IF 5.076
Xiaohang Ma,Wanjun Zhao,Wei Le,Jianxin Li,Pengwan Chen,Qingjie Jiao
In this study, we studied the synergetic effect of potassium oxysalts on combustion and ignition of nano aluminum (Al) and nano copper oxide (CuO) composites. Potassium periodate (KIO4) and potassium perchlorate (KClO4) are good oxidizers with high oxygen content and strong oxidizability. Different contents of KIO4and KClO4were added to nano Al/CuO and the composites were assembled by sonication. When the peak pressure of nano Al/CuO was increased ~5–13 times, the pressurization rate was improved by ~1–3 orders of magnitude, the ignition delay time was shortened by ~0.08 ms–0.52 ms and the reaction completeness was adjustable when 30–70% KIO4and KClO4were added into the composites. The reaction of Al/KIO4and Al/KClO4at a lower temperature was helpful to ignite the ternary composite. Meanwhile, CuO significantly reduced the peak temperature of oxygen released from the decomposition of KIO4and KClO4. The synergetic effect of binary oxidizers made the combustion performance of the ternary composites better than that of the binary composites. The present work indicates that KIO4and KClO4are promising additives for nano Al/CuO to tune and promote the combustion performance. The ternary composites have potential application in energy devices and combustion apparatus.Keywords:potassium oxysalts;synergetic effect;combustion performance;copper oxide;reactivity;ignition
研究领域:
材料科学
·
燃烧学
✓ 已验证
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
MOLECULES
·
2022
·Vol. 27
·期 21
·7614
·
IF 4.927
Jiaxin Su,Yan Hu,Bin Zhou,Yinghua Ye,Ruiqi Shen
Metastable intermixed composites (MICs) have received increasing attention in the field of energy materials in recent years due to their high energy and good combustion performance. The exploration of ways of improving their potential release of heat is still underway. In this study, Al–CuO/graphene oxide (GO) nanocomposites were prepared using a combination of the self-assembly and in-suit synthesis methods. The formulation and experimental conditions were also optimized to maximize the exothermic heat. The DSC analysis shows that the addition of the GO made a significant contribution to the exothermic effect of the nanothermite. Compared with the Al–CuO nanothermite, the exothermic heat of the Al–CuO/GO nanocomposites increase by 306.9–1166.3 J/g and the peak temperatures dropped by 7.9–26.4 °C with different GO content. The reaction mechanism of the nanocomposite was investigated using a DSC and thermal reaction kinetics analysis. It was found that, compared with typical thermite reactions, the addition of the GO changed the reaction pathway of the nanothermite. The reaction products included CuAlO2. Moreover, the combustion properties of nanocomposite were investigated. This work reveals the unique mechanism of GO in thermite reactions, which may promote the application of carbon materials in nanothermite.Keywords:graphene oxide;metastable intermixed composites (MICs);nanothermite;thermokinetics;combustion
研究领域:
材料科学
·
能源材料
·
化学动力学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
CERAMICS INTERNATIONAL
·
2026
·
IF 6
Zhan-jun Yang,Mi Li,Yan-Bo Cao,Yi Wu,Qiang Xu
This study addresses the issues of the limited contact interface between the fuel and the oxidizer. A strategy for simultaneously optimizing the formulation design and the preparation process was proposed. Three types of fuels - pure aluminum, aluminum-magnesium alloy, and aluminum-silicon alloy - were selected, and polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) was used as the binder. Six groups of thermal reaction samples were prepared by two methods: physical mixing (PM) and electrostatic spray atomization (ES). The microstructure, combustion characteristics, thermal behavior, and product composition of the samples were systematically studied using scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, high-speed photography, infrared thermal imaging, and synchronous thermal analysis. The results showed that the alloy fuels affected the later stage of the reaction by altering the melting behavior and surface oxide layer characteristics, while electrostatic spray atomization played a key role in the early stage, functioning by shortening the mass transfer distance and enhancing the “pre-ignition” effect of polyvinylidene fluoride. The coupling of fuel formulation and preparation process enables differential modulation of the combustion performance of Al/CuO thermites. This study provides an effective strategy for developing high-performance aluminum-based thermite materials.
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
·
2023
·
IF 15.1
Yuxuan Zhou,Yueting Wang,Zehua Zhang,Fuwei Li,Jian Cheng,Yinghua Ye,Jianbing Xu,Ruiqi Shen
The application and optimization of nano-composite energetic materials in the extreme and particular environment have become a subject of wide concern. Additionally, the design and selection of metastable intermixed composites (MICs) films in low pressure environment is the key problem to explore its future application. Here, 90 wt% high loading Al/CuO nanothermite films were prepared by a simple 3D direct writing approach. Four films with different thicknesses (66, 128, 152, 182 μm) were designed and their combustion properties were tested respectively. The low pressure combustion results show that the self-sustained burning rate of the film (thicker than 66 μm) can be adjusted and controlled in various air pressure environments (101–60 kPa). The self-sustained burning rate of film is affected by both thickness (66–182 μm) and air pressure (101–60 kPa). The lower the air pressure, the lower the burning rate. The greater the thickness, the higher the burning rate. The 66 μm film self-sustainedly burns at atmospheric pressure and extinguishes when the pressure was significantly reduced. The self-sustained combustion rates of the 128 and 152 μm film decreases with decreasing pressure until the pressure drops to 75 and 60 kPa respectively. The 182 μm film keeps self-sustained combustion in a manner of deflagration which is almost unaffected by air pressure, even when the pressure drops to 10 kPa. Simultaneously, it is found that the ignition temperature of the film is almost not affected by pressure. In addition, it is verified that the film has performances of excellent hydrophobic and combustion through air–water interface. These can cope with complex environmental humidity.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
燃烧学
·
航空航天工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Energetic Materials Frontiers
·
2025
·
IF 3.9
Xiao-dong Li,Wen-chao Bai,Yong-qi Da,Yun Shen,Jian-bing Xu,Ying-hua Ye,Rui-qi Shen
With the development of Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems (MEMS) technology, the manufacture of energy conversion elements with metal bridge membranes is becoming more mature, which can be applied in the field of self-destruction of pyrotechnics and improve the immediacy of MEMS fuse safety devices. A micro-nichrome bridge (NCB) was fabricated using MEMS technology, which has a high level of integration. Nanothermite Al/CuO with an inkjet printing charging method was selected to study the ignition characteristics of Al/CuO energetic nichrome bridge (ENCB) under constant current incentive and capacitor discharge. The critical firing current within 5 min and 50 ms, the electrical explosion delay time and critical burst energy were analyzed. The experimental results demonstrate that the prepared NCB can be used as an insensitive ignition element, and its ENCB has a lower ignition current under short pulses. Both the electrical explosion delay time and critical burst energy of NCB and ENCB decrease with increasing voltage. Additionally, incorporating an energetic ink film can significantly reduce the critical burst energy. When the voltage exceeds 30 V, the incorporation of inkjet-printed Al/CuO significantly enhances the ignition performance of the energetic nichrome bridge, which makes it have great prospects for application in low-power micro initiators.
研究领域:
微机电系统（MEMS）
·
含能材料
·
火工品
·
喷墨打印技术
·
点火与起爆装置
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Scientific Reports
·
2017
·Vol. 7
·期 1
·1-9
·
IF 4.259
Yang Fan,Kang Xiaoli,Luo Jiangshan,Yi Zao,Tang Yongjian
In this paper, a solvent/non-solvent synthetic approach has been utilized in preparing a new nanoenergetic material KClO 4 @Al/CuO by coating Al/CuO nanocomposites particles with a layer of nanoscale oxidizer KClO 4 . The coating process and mechanism are discussed. The composites of Al/CuO are uniformly mixed by mechanical ball milling process and CuO acts as a catalytic metallic oxide. The ternary mixtures KClO 4 @Al/CuO were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and the results reveal that after ball-milling and chemical synthesis process, the phase compositions haven’t changed. Scan electron microscopy (SEM) images show that these energetic nanocomposites consist of small clusters of Al/CuO that are in intimate contact with a continuous and clear-cut KClO 4 layer (100–400 nm). In a Scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) elemental map, high K/Cl intensity on the perimeter of the nanoparticles and high Cu/Al content in the interior powerfully demonstrated the KClO 4 @Al/CuO core-shell nanostructure. Electrical ignition experiments and pressure cell test prove that these nanoenergetic composites are more sensitive to ignition with much higher burning rate than traditional formulations (conventional counterparts). To quantify the enhancement of thermal behavior, Thermogravimetry (TG) and Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) were performed and the results show that the burning rate of these energetic nanocomposites nearly tripled.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
含能材料
·
纳米技术
·
热分析
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）