INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
·
2016
·
IF 4.82
Pengcheng Hu,Rui Zhang,Xianghai Meng,Haiyan Liu,Chunming Xu,Zhichang Liu
Several amide–AlCl3-based ionic liquid (IL) analogues were synthesized through a one-step method using three different structure amides as donor molecules. The effects of the steric and inductive effects of the methyl group substituted on the N atom on the asymmetric splitting of AlCl3 and the coordination site of the amide were investigated by 27Al NMR, Raman, in situ IR, and UV–vis spectra for these IL analogues. Bidentate coordination through both the O and N atoms was dominant in the N-methylacetamide–AlCl3- and N,N-dimethylacetamide–AlCl3-based IL analogues because of the inductive effect of the methyl group. By contrast, the acetamide–AlCl3-based IL analogue presented mainly in the form of monodentate coordination via the O atom. Compared with monodentate coordination, bidentate coordination was favorable to the asymmetric splitting of AlCl3 with the same amide–AlCl3 molar ratio. Under the influence of the steric and inductive effects of the methyl group, the ionic species percentages in these IL analogues ranked in the following order: N-methylacetamide > N,N-dimethylacetamide > acetamide.
研究领域:
化学
·
材料科学
·
光谱学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
FUEL
·
2016
·
IF 3.611
Pengcheng Hu,Yadong Wang,Xianghai Meng,Rui Zhang,Haiyan Liu,Chunming Xu,Zhichang Liu
Alkylate is an ideal blending component for motor gasoline. The alkylation of isobutane with 2-butene to produce high-quality alkylate was catalyzed by several amide-AlCl 3 -based ionic liquid (IL) analogues with different structures and CuCl modification. The influences of the amide structure, amide/AlCl 3 molar ratio, and CuCl modification on the catalytic performance were investigated in an autoclave operated in semicontinuous mode. Results showed that the N -methylacetamide-AlCl 3 -based IL analogue (molar ratio of N -methylacetamide to AlCl 3 was 0.75, marked as 0.75NMA-1.0AlCl 3 ) with bidentate coordination and low viscosity was an efficient catalyst for isobutane alkylation. Furthermore, CuCl modification further enhanced the catalytic performance of 0.75NMA-1.0AlCl 3 . The selectivity of C8 increased from 76.18 wt% to 94.65 wt%, in which the molar ratio of trimethylpentanes to dimethylhexanes (TMPs/DMHs ratio) and the research octane number (RON) of alkylate reached up to 14.98 and 98.40, respectively. The effects of reaction conditions on the alkylation performance were investigated in an autoclave operated in batch mode. The results indicated that the alkylation of isobutane with 2-butene catalyzed by CuCl-modified 0.75NMA-1.0AlCl 3 was a short-time and fast reaction. The optimal reaction temperature, reaction time, stirrer speed, and isobutane/2-butene molar ratio were 15 °C, 30 s, 1500 r/min, and 100:1, respectively. Under these optimal reaction conditions, the selectivity of C8, TMPs/DMHs ratio, and RON were 84.10 wt%, 14.86, and 96.54, respectively.
研究领域:
化学工程
·
催化科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
FUEL
·
2015
·
IF 3.52
Lincai Peng,Xueying Gao,Keli Chen
The use of various aluminum salts as acid catalysts was compared in terms of catalytic upgrading of renewable furfuryl alcohol in hot ethanol medium. The commercially available AlCl 3 was emerged as a simple, cheap, and efficient catalyst for the synthesis of ethyl levulinate. From this study, four significant parameters including AlCl 3 dosage, furfuryl alcohol concentration, temperature, and time were evaluated and modeled to determine the optimal combination via response surface methodology with a central composite rotatable design. All parameters influenced the formation of ethyl levulinate—the maximum yield was 95.7% (100% furfuryl alcohol conversion). AlCl 3 could be recovered efficiently and reused multiple times without substantial loss of its catalytic activity. Moreover, AlCl 3 as the catalyst with optimized conditions was appropriate for the alcoholysis of furfuryl alcohol in other linear alcohols to afford equally high yields of the corresponding alkyl levulinates.
研究领域:
化学工程
·
可再生能源
·
催化科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
·
2020
·
IF 10.652
Jiage Yu,Kun Wang,Wenlong Song,Hui Huang,Chu Liang,Yang Xia,Jun Zhang,Yongping Gan,Feng Wang,Wenkui Zhang
Nano-silicon is a star anode material for the next generation Li-ion batteries with the merits of high theoretical capacity and low voltage plateau. To date, it remains a great challenge to efficiently convert low-cost silica (SiO 2 ) into nano-Si at a low temperature due to the solid Si-O band (the bond energy is 460 kJ mol −1 ). Herein, a low temperature MgH 2 -AlCl 3 -SiO 2 melt system is developed to synthesize nano-Si through the reduction of SiO 2 by MgH 2 in the molten AlCl 3 . It is confirmed to be a controllable liquid-solid process with no side reactions and high Si yield of 97.6%. The battery grade nano-Si product can be obtained by suitable post-treatment without undesirable HF etching. This reaction can be initiated at as low as 150 °C, which is much lower than mostly reported synthesis routes of nano-Si. The nano-Si product with an average particle size of 22.4 nm exhibits superior electrochemical storage capacity of 1185 mA h g −1 over 300 cycles at 0.2 A g −1 and a low increased thickness of 14.5% at 2 A g −1 over 500 cycles. We believe that this low temperature melt system not only paves the new path of synthesizing nano-Si, but also gives a new insight into the effects of nanoscale particle size on the electrochemical performance of Si anode.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
能源存储
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS
·
2024
·
IF 10.7
Ming Chen,Mengyu Ren,Manyao Zhu,Haichuan Zhang,Tianya Chen,Yong Zhang,Shujuan Yang
The development of a direct method for preparing regenerated cellulose (RC) ultrafiltration membranes from cellulose is urgently needed. In this study, refined cotton was used as the raw material to successfully prepare RC ultrafiltration membranes at room temperature using a ZnCl 2 /AlCl 3 solvent system combined with a nonsolvent-induced phase separation (NIPS) method. This solvent system effectively degrades cellulose, producing RC ultrafiltration membranes with varying degrees of polymerization (DP). The research results indicate that reducing the DP of cellulose significantly decreases the viscosity of the solution, facilitating the formation of an asymmetric, finger-like pore structures in the membrane. Furthermore, a decrease in DP slightly enlarges the surface pore size and significantly thickens the dense layer. At a DP of 250, the water flux of the DP250-ET membrane reached 630 L·m −2 ·h −1 ·bar −1 , with a molecular weight cut-off (MWCO) of ~300 kDa, enabling efficient separation of viruses (LRV > 3.91) and IgG. The exposure of more hydroxy groups on the RC enhances the membrane's hydrophilicity, indicated by a water contact angle (WCA) of 39.5°. Compared to commercial polyethersulfone (PES) membranes, the DP250-ET membrane exhibited lower protein adsorption and excellent anti-fouling performance in practical applications (FRR > 80 %). Overall, this work confirms the significant potential of the eco-friendly ZnCl 2 /AlCl 3 solvent system in the fabrication of RC ultrafiltration membranes, where the structure and performance of the membrane can be tailored by adjusting the DP of cellulose.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
环境工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Small Methods
·
2023
·Vol. 7
·期 8
·2201526
·
IF 12.4
Yongqiu Xian,Bin Wang,Zifeng Lin
MXenes have been extensively explored as supercapacitor electrodes, especially in acidic aqueous electrolytes, where ultrahigh specific capacitance can be achieved; however, their narrow working potential window (≤ 1.0 V) limits the acquisition of high energy. Neutral and alkaline electrolytes can be used to extend the working potential window but MXenes in these electrolytes are less pseudocapacitive active, which leads to reduced charge storage. In this study, it is shown that Ti 3 C 2 T x MXene in a mild AlCl 3 aqueous electrolyte can operate at a wide potential range from 0 to −1.3 V versus Hg/Hg 2 SO 4 and retain high pseudocapacitive activity. Thus, a high capacity of up to 85 mAh g −1 is achieved, surpassing its performance in H 2 SO 4 electrolyte of 78 mAh g −1 . More interestingly, most of the capacity is released at a more negative potential range than that in acidic electrolytes, making it more suitable as a negative electrode material. In situ electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance results suggest that the high capacity originates from the pseudocapacitive intercalation/deintercalation of H + instead of Al 3+ , providing the possibility of coupling MXene anodes with proton redox active cathodes to achieve high-energy and high-power devices.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
储能技术
✓ 已验证
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
·
2021
·
IF 5.816
Zhen Li,Miao Gong,Mengqi Wang,Aixin Feng,Linlu Wang,Peiyong Ma,Shoujun Yuan
Hydrogen has attracted significant attention as a clean energy source. Supercritical water gasification (SCWG) technology can produce hydrogen-rich gas while also disposing of sludge. The hydrogen yield from the SCWG of sludge is greatly increased when catalyzed by AlCl 3 . In this paper, a combined catalyst based on AlCl 3 was proposed to further increase the hydrogen yield of SCWG of dewatered sewage sludge (DSS). Analysis of the products from catalytic gasified of DSS and its model compounds were used to propose a catalytic mechanism and reaction pathway of the catalytic SCWG of DSS. Among the combined catalysts used for the SCWG of DSS, 10 wt% AlCl 3 –H 2 O 2 (mass ratio 8:2) had the best hydrogen production effect, and the hydrogen yield reached 8.88 mol/kg organic matter. This was 14% higher than when catalyzed by 10 wt% AlCl 3 . During catalysis with AlCl 3 , Al 3+ reacted with OH − in water and precipitated as Al(OH) 3 , which produced an acidic environment in the liquid product. Al(OH) 3 dehydrated to form an AlO(OH) and deposited in the solid product. A small amount of H 2 O 2 promoted the steam reforming reaction of organic matter in DSS, which increased the hydrogen yield. H 2 O 2 further promoted the hydrogen yield in an acidic environment. The catalytic effect of AlCl 3 was unaffected by H 2 O 2 . The H + generated by AlCl 3 during catalysis promoted H 2 O 2 to further depolymerized organic matter (such as humic substances) in DSS, so that AlCl 3 –H 2 O 2 catalyzed the SCWG of DSS to further increase the hydrogen yield. The order of hydrogen yield catalyzed by AlCl 3 –H 2 O 2 was guaiacol > humic acid > glycerol > alanine > glucose. Compared with AlCl 3 , AlCl 3 –H 2 O 2 reduced the hydrogen yield of glucose by nearly 20% and increased the hydrogen yield of humic acid by about 17% (25.81 mol/kg feed).
研究领域:
环境科学
·
能源工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS
·
2015
·
IF 4.074
Xiancai Jiang,Yulai Zhao,Linxi Hou
The AlCl 3 ·6H 2 O aqueous solution was used to dissolve chitosan (CS) and the CS/poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) blend films were prepared at the absence of acetic acid. AlCl 3 ·6H 2 O was retained in CS/PVA film and glycerol was added to form the complex plasticizer with AlCl 3 ·6H 2 O. The effect of glycerol on the water sorption , crystalline, thermal and mechanical properties of AlCl 3 ·6H 2 O doped CS/PVA film was studied by atomic force microscopy , X-ray diffraction, thermal gravity analysis and tensile testing, respectively. The experimental results showed that glycerol had a significant positive effect on the properties of AlCl 3 ·6H 2 O doped CS/PVA films. With the synergism effect of AlCl 3 ·6H 2 O and glycerol, the prepared CS/PVA films showed excellent mechanical properties. With the addition of 30 wt% glycerol, the AlCl 3 ·6H 2 O doped CS/PVA films behave the tensile strength of 39 MPa and elongation at break of 120%, respectively.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
高分子化学
✓ 已验证
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
CHINESE JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
·
2018
·
IF 1.712
Pengcheng Hu,Wei Jiang,Lijuan Zhong,Shufeng Zhou
The physicochemical properties of three different amide–AlCl 3 based ionic liquid (IL) analogues and their mixtures with copper salt, such as conductivity, viscosity, density and isobutane solubility were determined over a wide range of temperatures. The effects of amide structure, amide/AlCl 3 molar ratio and CuCl modification on these physicochemical properties were investigated. Results showed that the conductivity of amide–AlCl 3 based IL analogues was much lower than that of traditional Et 3 NHCl–AlCl 3 IL with same ligand/AlCl 3 molar ratio due to incomplete splitting of AlCl 3 , whereas the density and viscosity of amide–AlCl 3 based IL analogues were slightly higher. The viscosity of amide–AlCl 3 based IL analogues was closely related to the amide structure, and followed the order of DMA–AlCl 3 > AA–AlCl 3 > NMA–AlCl 3 with same amide/AlCl 3 molar ratio. Meanwhile, the density of amide–AlCl 3 based IL analogues ranked in the following order: AA–AlCl 3 > NMA–AlCl 3 > DMA–AlCl 3 . Increasing the amide/AlCl 3 molar ratio decreased the conductivity and density, while increased the viscosity. The solubility experiment indicated that the isobutane solubility in NMA–AlCl 3 was highest than that in two other IL analogues. Under the modification of CuCl, the conductivity, viscosity and density of these IL analogues increased, whereas the isobutane solubility decreased. These results provide the foundation for the development of a suitable IL analogue catalyst for isobutane alkylation .
研究领域:
化学工程
·
材料科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Journal of Energy Chemistry
·
2013
·
IF 0
Xiuquan Jia,Jiping Ma,Penghua Che,Fang Lu,Hong Miao,Jin Gao,Jie Xu
Direct conversion of fructose-based carbohydrates to 5-ethoxymethylfurfural (EMF) catalyzed by Lewis acid in ethanol was investigated. It was found that BF 3 ·(Et) 2 O was favorable for 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) etherification to EMF. BF 3 ·(Et) 2 O combination with AlCl 3 ·6H 2 O with the molar ratio of 1 was an effective catalyst system for synthesis of EMF from fructose-based carbohydrates. 55.0%, 45.4% and 23.9% of EMF yields were obtained from fructose, inulin and sucrose under optimized conditions, respectively.
研究领域:
有机化学
·
生物化学
✓ 已验证
DOI
INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH
·
2022
·
IF 4.326
Shuaifeng Liu,Edouard Asselin,Zhibao Li
An industrially feasible process was proposed to produce α-calcium sulfate hemihydrate (α-HH) from FGD gypsum without any additives. In this process, an AlCl3 solution was used to promote the conversion of calcium sulfate dihydrate (DH) to hexagonal prismatic α-HH with high strength at atmospheric pressure. The phase transition kinetics of FGD gypsum was experimentally investigated under conditions: AlCl3 (2–2.5 m), MgCl2 (0–0.4 m) existing in raw FGD gypsum, and the solid–liquid ratio (or solid content %) range of 0.1–2 at 363 K. It was found that increasing the concentrations of MgCl2 in AlCl3 solution accelerated the conversion. The uniform large hexagonal prism HH product was obtained at the folowing optimal conditions: 2.5 mol/kg AlCl3, 0.4 mol/kg MgCl2, solid–liquid ratio of 2, and equilibration time of 2 h at 363 K. The phase diagram of the AlCl3-MgCl2-H2O system was determined by measuring solubility of solids. The E-NRTL activity model was used to construct the phase transition diagram of CaSO4 in AlCl3–MgCl2 media and to judge the stable range of DH and HH.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
化学工程
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
·
2020
·
IF 8.758
Junxiang Wang,Handong Jiao,Wei-Li Song,Mingyong Wang,Jiguo Tu,Zhongfeng Tang,Hongmin Zhu
Intermediate temperature NaCl–AlCl3-based Al-ion batteries are considered as a promising stationary energy storage system due to their low cost, high safety, etc. However, such a cheap electrolyte has a critical feature, i.e., strong corrosion, which results in the short cycle life of the conventional Al-metal anode and also limits the development of the NaCl–AlCl3-based Al-ion batteries. A noncorrosive electrolyte may be a good choice for addressing the above challenge, while it is difficult to obtain the electrolyte that has advantages of both noncorrosion and low cost. Therefore, here, we report a Ga-metal anode in the affordable NaCl–AlCl3 electrolyte for constructing a long-life stationary Al-ion energy storage system. This featured liquid metal anode shows good alloying and dealloying processes between metallic Ga and Al, as well as renders superior stability of the interface between the electrolyte and the anode (e.g., smoothly running for over 580 h at 2 mA cm–2). No-corrosion and no-pulverization problems appear in this novel liquid/liquid interface. Those advantages demonstrate that the liquid Ga-metal anode has a great promise for the improvement of the NaCl–AlCl3-based Al-ion batteries for large-scale stationary energy storage applications.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
电化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）