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Journal of Materials Research and Technology-JMR&T · 2024 · IF 6.2

Improved CMAS corrosion resistance of rare earth niobates by high-entropy and composite design

Liujia Tian,Yiling Huang,Xuemei Song,Fan Peng,Wei Zheng,Ziwei Liu,Yi Zeng

This study reports the preparation of two single-phase high-entropy rare-earth niobates (RE 1/5 Ho 1/5 Er 1/5 Y 1/5 Yb 1/5 ) 3 NbO 7 , (RE = Ce, Lu), and two composite-phase high-entropy rare-earth niobates (RE 1/5 Ho 1/5 Er 1/5 Y 1/5 Yb 1/5 ) 3 NbO 7 :(RE 1/5 Ho 1/5 Er 1/5 Y 1/5 Yb 1/5 )NbO 4  = 1:2, (RE = Ce, Lu) via solid-phase synthesis. The interactions of these samples with molten calcium-magnesium-aluminum-silicates (CMAS) were studied at 1300 °C to explore their performance and mechanism in CMAS corrosion. The results indicate that the corrosion process involves the phase transformation of RE 3 NbO 7 and the formation of apatite products. The Ce-composition sample exhibits superior performance in terms of reaction layer thickness, remaining CMAS thickness, and RE 3+ content in the remaining CMAS. These findings underscore the potential application of high-entropy rare-earth niobates in thermal barrier coatings (TBCs) and contribute to understanding niobate system resistance to CMAS corrosion.

研究领域: 材料科学 · 腐蚀与防护
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SURFACE & COATINGS TECHNOLOGY · 2025 · IF 6.1

Interaction of nanostructured Lu2Si2O7/Lu2SiO5 double-ceramic layer environmental barrier coatings with CMAS

Donghui Guo,Runze Jin,Baolu Shi,Xinlei Jia,Shun Wang,Baosheng Xu

Silicate is considered a promising material for environmental barrier coatings on hot-section components of aircraft engines. However, the interaction of lutetium silicate coating in the molten calcium‑magnesium-aluminosilicate exposure has not been reported yet. In this study, the interaction of nanostructured Lu 2 Si 2 O 7 /Lu 2 SiO 5 environmental barrier coatings (EBCs) with CMAS was systematically investigated at 1300–1400 °C for 25–50 h aiming to clarify the corrosion mechanism of the coatings. Results indicated that the Lu 2 Si 2 O 7 /Lu 2 SiO 5 coatings remained intact and the molten CMAS did not penetrate the Lu 2 SiO 5 layer after corroded at 1400 °C for 50 h. In addition, the recession layer and TGO layer thicknesses of the coatings after corroded at 1400 °C for 50 h were 82.5 μm and 2.27 μm, respectively. The CMAS corrosion resistance of nanostructured Lu 2 Si 2 O 7 /Lu 2 SiO 5 coating is superior to that of ytterbium silicate coatings. The results of this work highlight that the Lu 2 Si 2 O 7 /Lu 2 SiO 5 coatings with significantly enhanced CMAS resistance performance might be suitable for advanced EBCs applications.

CAS / MDL: 67-63-0
研究领域: 材料科学 · 航空工程
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CORROSION SCIENCE · 2022 · IF 7.72

Calcium magnesium aluminosilicate (CMAS) corrosion behaviors of apatite Ca2La8(SiO4)6O2 thermal barrier coating material

Longkang Cong,Wei Li,Yao Guo,Jiancheng Wang,Qiang Song,Shengyue Gu,Shouyang Zhang

The calcium magnesium aluminosilicate (CMAS) attack is becoming a critical obstacle to the application of thermal barrier coatings (TBCs). In this work, we prove that Ca 2 La 8 (SiO 4 ) 6 O 2 is an effective TBCs material for resisting CMAS attack, and investigates its CMAS corrosion behaviors. The results indicate that no evidence of chemical reactions was found between CMAS and Ca 2 La 8 (SiO 4 ) 6 O 2 heat-treated at 1300 °C and 1500 °C. The corrosion of apatite by CMAS occurs via dissolution and re-precipitation processes. At 1300 °C, the apatite Ca 2 La 8 (SiO 4 ) 6 O 2 substrates have little evidence of damage. Moreover, the apatite can also effectively block the infiltration of CMAS up to 1500 °C.

研究领域: 材料科学 · 热力学
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CERAMICS INTERNATIONAL · 2023 · IF 5.2

CMAS resistance characteristics of multi-components rare earth phosphate materials at 1250 °C and 1350 °C

Lizhen Li,Junbin Sun,Chenguang Li,Weihong Lu,Zhifeng Xu

Calcium-magnesium-alumina-silicate (CMAS) attack is a major challenge for thermal barrier coatings (TBCs) during the application. In this work, four rare earth phosphates materials including (La 0.2 Nd 0.2 Sm 0.2 Eu 0.2 Gd 0.2 )PO 4 , (La 0.5 Nd 0.5 )PO 4 , (La 0.5 Gd 0.5 )PO 4 and (Nd 0.5 Gd 0.5 )PO 4 were synthesized by chemical co-precipitation. The resistance behaviors to CMAS of the materials were investigated at 1250 °C and 1350 °C for 5 h, 10 h and 20 h, respectively. Results show that the main corrosion products are the apatite compounds (Ca 2+ x Re 8- x (PO 4 ) x (SiO 4 ) 6- x O 2 ) and the Ca 3 (PO 4 ) 2 . Increasing the corrosion temperature from 1250 °C to 1350 °C will promote the penetration of the melted CMAS. It would not lead to the more serious corrosion by prolonging the corrosion time at 1250 °C and 1350 °C. The P–Ca layer composed by the Ca 3 (PO 4 ) 2 , which relates to the rare earth elements compositions, prevent the CMAS corrosion to the materials effectively. Preparing multi-components rare earth phosphates and optimizing their element compositions will be a new way to improve the resistance to the CMAS for these materials.

CAS / MDL: 10031-53-5
研究领域: 材料科学 · 热障涂层研究
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JOURNAL OF THE EUROPEAN CERAMIC SOCIETY · 2024 · IF 5.8

(Ba0.5Sr0.5)(Ti0.25Zr0.25Hf0.25Sn0.25)O3: A novel thermal barrier material with low thermal conductivity and excellent resistance to CMAS corrosion

Yi-fei Tang,Kun-peng Lin,Guo-xiang Zhou,Zhi-hua Yang,Feng-nian Zhang,Zhe Zhao,Yan-zhao Zhang,De-chang Jia,Yu Zhou

High entropy ceramics are considered as promising materials for thermal barrier coatings due to phonon scattering caused by lattice distortion. In this study, perovskite high-entropy ceramics (Ba 0.5 Sr 0.5 )(Ti 0.25 Zr 0.25 Hf 0.25 Sn 0.25 )O 3 (BSTZHS) were successfully prepared by dramatically increasing the conformational entropy of ceramics with complex crystal structures. The results showed that the sample exhibits a single-phase perovskite crystal structure with a dense surface, each element of the sample was uniformly distributed. Moreover, the thermal conductivity of (Ba 0.5 Sr 0.5 )(Ti 0.25 Zr 0.25 Hf 0.25 Sn 0.25 )O 3 decreased significantly compared to SrZrO 3 and BaZrO 3 (the minimum thermal conductivity is 1.37 W/(m·K) at 273–1273 K). This study also identified descriptors for predicting the decrease in thermal conductivity of perovskite high-entropy ceramics. As well, the samples not only exhibit outstanding mechanical properties (Young’s modulus E = 255.7 ± 8.6 GPa、flexural strength F b = 142.1 ± 4.8 MPa), but also good resistance to CMAS corrosion. Various results support that (Ba 0.5 Sr 0.5 )(Ti 0.25 Zr 0.25 Hf 0.25 Sn 0.25 )O 3 is potential to be used for thermal barrier coatings.

研究领域: 材料科学 · 热力学工程
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Heliyon · 2022 · IF 3.776

Water vapor and CMAS corrosion tests of Y2SiO5/Si thermal and environmental barrier coating

Qi Zhang,Xueqin Zhang,Zhuang Ma,Ling Liu,Yanbo Liu,Wei Zheng

Thermal and environmental barrier coatings (TEBCs), an up-to-date concept, are introduced to protect silicon-based ceramic matrix composites (CMCs) from not only high-temperature water vapor but also alkali salts from volcanic ash and dust suspended in the atmosphere. Both high-temperature steam and CMAS will cause Si-based CMCs to deteriorate rapidly. By executing the corrosion test against high-temperature water vapor, we find that the Y 2 SiO 5 /Si double-layer TEBC can effectively protect SiC f /SiC CMCs from water vapor at 1300 °C for over 205 h. Almost all Y 2 SiO 5 transforms into Y 4.67 (SiO 4 ) 3 O after the corrosion test. It is also found that in the CMAS corrosion test, the reaction zone formed between the CMAS and Y 2 SiO 5 layers prevents the mutual diffusion of elements in the CMAS and Y 2 SiO 5 layers. The apparent activation energy of the reaction between CMAS and Y 2 SiO 5 in the 1200–1300 °C temperature range is calculated to be 713.749 kJ/mol. These findings provide a reference for selecting appropriate materials for TEBCs.

研究领域: 材料科学 · 高温腐蚀
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CORROSION SCIENCE · 2023 · IF 8.3

Fluorite-pyrochlore structured high-entropy oxides: Tuning the ratio of B-site cations for resistance to CMAS corrosion

Fuhao Cheng,Ziqian Meng,Chufei Cheng,Jiadong Hou,Yufeng Liu,Bei Ren,Haiyan Hu,Feng Gao,Yang Miao,Xiaomin Wang

As gas turbine inlet temperatures continue to rise, new thermal barrier coating (TBC) materials must be developed urgently. This work investigated molten silicate corrosion, thermal conductivity , and high-temperature phase stability of a new class of high-entropy oxides (HEO) as potential protective coating materials. With composition tuning, high-entropy RE 2 B 2 O 7 (RE= Gd, Sm, Y, Pr, La; B Ce, Zr) can be transformed from pyrochlore to fluorite structures. They all exhibited phase stability when annealed at 1600 ℃ for 10 h and very low thermal conductivity (1.21–1.39 W·m −1 ·K −1 ) compared to conventional materials with better thermal protection. In addition, the CMAS corrosion resistance behavior of all samples at 1300 °C and 1500 °C was investigated, and it was found that the infiltration thickness decreased with increasing Ce content (down to ∼10 µm for 5 h at 1500 °C). The RE 2 Ce 2 O 7 had the most substantial CMAS resistance, forming a dense barrier layer composed of uniformly fine crystal grains during the reaction. The results of this study establish the foundation for future applications of RE 2 B 2 O 7 in thermal protection systems.

研究领域: 材料科学 · 能源工程
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JOURNAL OF THE EUROPEAN CERAMIC SOCIETY · 2025 · IF 6.2

Molten CMAS resistance of PS-PVD (Gd0.2Y0.8)3Al5O12 /YSZ thermal barrier coating with high adherence

Xingya Zhu,Wenting He,Yiqian Guo,Liangliang Wei,Dongrui Liu,Hongbo Guo,Hui Peng

Calcium-magnesium-alumina-silicate (CMAS) deposits significantly accelerate the degradation of thermal barrier coatings (TBCs) in advanced aeroengines, thereby posing a substantial threat to aviation safety. In this study, (Gd 0.2 Y 0.8 ) 3 Al 5 O 12 (GYAG)/YSZ double-ceramic-layer thermal barrier coatings (TBCs), comprising dense GYAG on top and columnar YSZ beneath, were fabricated via plasma spray-physical vapor deposition (PS-PVD) in a single-step process to mitigate CMAS attack. High-temperature exposure tests at 1250 °C demonstrated the excellent phase stability of GYAG coating and interface stability of GYAG/YSZ coating. The interactions between CMAS and GYAG/YSZ coatings were investigated. Results showed that CMAS melt infiltration was suppressed. GYAG coating reacted rapidly with CMAS to crystallize apatite, garnet and anorthite phases with high-melting-point. These crystalline phases are alternatively distributed and collectively inhibit CMAS infiltration. The doping of Gd in GYAG coating facilitated precipitation of apatite, which is crucial for CMAS resistance enhancement.

研究领域: 材料科学 · 表面工程 · 航空发动机 · 高温材料 · 涂层技术 · 无机非金属材料
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CERAMICS INTERNATIONAL · 2023 · IF 5.2

Excellent CMAS resistance of a newly developed equiatomic high entropy (Dy1/4Ho1/4Tm1/4Yb1/4)2Si2O7 ceramic pyrosilicate

Sehreish Abrar,Zhuang Ma,Ling Liu,Faisal Nazeer,Abdul Malik

In this work, novel equiatomic high entropy (Dy 1/4 Ho 1/4 Tm 1/4 Yb 1/4 ) 2 Si 2 O 7 or (4RE 1/4 ) 2 Si 2 O 7 ceramic pyrosilicate was fabricated through a single solid solution method to use as environmental barrier coating. The SEM analysis of high entropy powders shows the homogenous mixing and XRD proves the formation of single β-phase after milling and sintering. The coefficient of thermal expansion was reported as (2.3–4.8 × 10 −6  K −1 ) from 400 K −1 to 1723 K −1 . The ultra-low thermal diffusivity (0.4 mm 2  s −1 ) and thermal conductivity (0.8 W/m°C) were reported at 1500 °C for this novel HE ceramic disilicate. The as fabricated (4RE 1/4 ) 2 Si 2 O 7 pyrosilicate shows an excellent CMAS resistant for even up to 48 h and negligible amount of Ca is able to penetrate in the substrate. Rare earth disilicate species with intermediate radii such as Tm 3+ helps in maintaining phase stability along with passive element Yb 3+ of smaller radii which also protect the interface from severe CMAS attack. However, the rare earth species with larger radii such as Dy 3+ and Ho 3+ actively take part in apatite formation leading to reduced corrosion activity of CMAS melt by changing its composition. This result confirms the application of (4RE 1/4 ) 2 Si 2 O 7 as a potential candidate to be used as protecting coating material in harsh combustion environments.

研究领域: 材料科学 · 高温材料
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JOURNAL OF THE EUROPEAN CERAMIC SOCIETY · 2023 · IF 5.7

The corrosion behavior of Sc2O3-Y2O3 co-doped ZrO2 influenced by Sc2O3 content in CMAS at 1300 °C

Yuxuan Liao,Yifei Dai,Yifan Zhai,Aoping He,Huan He,Tianquan Liang

The effect of Sc 2 O 3 content on the corrosion behaviors of x Sc 2 O 3 -3.5Y 2 O 3 co-doped ZrO 2 (ScYSZ, x  = 4.5, 5.5 and 6.5 mol.%) in calcium-magnesium-alumino-silicate (CMAS) at 1300 °C was investigated in this paper. It is shown that the ScYSZ ceramic exhibits better resistance to molten CMAS attack when doping with more Sc 2 O 3 . The CMAS penetration depth in the ScYSZ ceramic decreases with increasing Sc 2 O 3 . It is about 18 µm of CMAS penetrated depth in the 6.5Sc3.5YSZ after corrosion for 4 h at 1300 °C, including an 11 µm and 7 µm for the reaction-reprecipitation and grain-boundary infiltration layers, respectively. High thermochemical stability and weak reactivity of the ScYSZ to the glassy CMAS melt are beneficial to enhance the high temperature corrosion resistance, attributing to the low solubility in molten CMAS and the weak affinity to Ca 2+ for small ionic radius Sc 3+ . The mechanism of enhancing the resistance to CMAS is discussed.

研究领域: 材料科学 · 腐蚀科学
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CERAMICS INTERNATIONAL · 2025 · IF 5.6

Improved CMAS corrosion resistance of high-entropy rare-earth monosilicates by multicomponent synergistic effects

Peng Wei,Hao Bai,Yiwen Liu,Lei Zhuang,Hulei Yu,Yanhui Chu

Achieving superior calcium-magnesium-aluminum-silicate (CMAS) corrosion resistance of high-entropy rare-earth monosilicates (HEREMs) is of great significance to their aerospace use as environmental barrier coating materials. Here, we report the exploration of HEREMs with improved CMAS corrosion resistance through multicomponent synergistic effects. Specifically, bulk HEREMs samples with seven content ratios of rare-earth elements (HEREM- x ) were fabricated, and their CMAS corrosion resistance at 1673 K was systematically investigated. The best CMAS corrosion resistance is found to be achieved in the as-fabricated bulk HEREM-0.1 samples with the formation of the densest apatite protective layer. Further studies show that the dense apatite layer originates from the multicomponent synergistic effects, which increase the stability of the apatite structure and decrease the atomic diffusion rate of rare-earth elements in the CMAS melt.

CAS / MDL: 13517-24-3
研究领域: 材料科学 · 航空航天工程
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JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS · 2022 · IF 6.371

Synthesis of high-entropy La2B2O7 ceramics with non-equivalent principal elements in B-sites and their CMAS resistance performance

Yuhan Wang,Jinpeng Zhu,Gang Shao,Hailong Wang,Mingliang Li,Hongxia Lu,Rui Zhang

A new method is proposed to predict the formation of high-entropy single-phase oxide with a pyrochlore structure synthesis from non-equivalent principal elements. Based on this concepte, the La 2 B 2 O 7 (B = Zn 2+ , Mg 2+ /Ni 2+ , Ce 4+ /Zr 4+ /Hf 4+ /Sn 4+ /Ti 4+ , W 6+ , Mo 6+ ) were designed, in which high-entropy La 2 (ZnMgZrWMo) 2 O 7 , La 2 (ZnMgHfWMo) 2 O 7 and La 2 (ZnMgSnWMo) 2 O 7 pyrochlore ceramics were successfully prepared by solid-phase sintering. The microstructure of the entropy-stabilized phase was demonstrated using X-ray diffraction and elemental mapping, and the thermal properties including the thermal expansion coefficient and thermal conductivity were analyzed. The results show that La 2 (ZnMgZrWMo) 2 O 7 has a higher thermal expansion coefficient (13.9 × 10 –6 K –1 ) and lower thermal conductivity (0.8 W/m·K) than its corresponding single-components compound. In addition, La 2 B 2 O 7 (B = Zn 2+ , Mg 2+ , Zr 4+ /Hf 4+ /Sn 4+ , W 6+ , Mo 6+ ) pyrochlore high-entropy ceramics exhibit good calcium – magnesium – aluminosilicate (CMAS) resistance, the apatite protective layer generated after the reaction of La with CMAS effectively prevents further corrosion. This study suggests a novel method for predicting the formation of high-entropy single-phase oxides of pyrochlore structures and provides a new design concept for anti-CMAS corrosion materials.

CAS / MDL: 1305-78-8 1313-99-1
研究领域: 材料科学 · 无机化学
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