ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY
·
2023
·
IF 2.8
Tuqiao Zhang,Rongrong Jiang,Lei Fang,Xiaowei Liu,Lijie Jiang
The presence of metal ions in drinking water treatment and distribution systems may affect the disinfection process of organic matter, which had aroused people's concern. L-tyrosine can complex with metal ions through carboxyl, carbonyl, and amino groups and affect its chemical reactions. In this paper, the complexation of L-tyrosine with common metal ions was studied and the influence of complexation on chlorination with different experimental factors was investigated. It was inferred that L-tyrosine complexed with metal ions by single dentate ligand or double dentate chelation in a ratio of 2:1. The degradation of L-tyrosine-metal complex followed the pseudo-first-order reaction kinetic. TCM, DCAA, and TCAA were the main species DBPs in the chlorination of L-tyrosine. Compared with L-tyrosine, the reaction rate constants of complex increased by 5.6%, the formation of trihalomethane production decreased by 21.5% and the formation of haloacetic acids production increased by 26.9% at the state of metal complexation. The effect of metal complexation on chlorination was more obvious than that of metal coexistence. For different metal complexation, the order of inhibition on trihalomethane production was Ca2+> Fe3+> Mn2+ and the order of promotion on haloacetic acids production was Mn2+> Fe3+> Ca2+. Moreover, it was found that alkaline conditions were favorable for the formation of DBPs due to the hydroxyl radical. The combination of ultraviolet and chlorine disinfection promoted L-Tyrosine degradation and DBPs generation, and the promotion efficiency follow the order: UV/Cl2> UV-Cl2> Cl2.
研究领域:
环境科学
·
化学
·
水处理
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
DYES AND PIGMENTS
·
2017
·
IF 3.473
Liangwei Ma,Chengpeng Li,Qiufeng Liang,Sheng Wang,Derong Cao
We designed and synthesized three new tetraphenylethene (TPE) derivatives ( CZ-TPE , DMA-TPE and TPA-TPE ) modified with different electron rich group (carbazole, N, N -dimethylaniline and triphenylamine segments, respectively) by Knoevenagel condensation reaction. The chemical structures of these compounds are identified by NMR, MS and IR. The absorption and emission of these dyes were investigated by UV-Vis and fluorescence spectroscopy , respectively. The results shown three dyes exhibited evident aggregation-induced emission (AIE) or aggregation-induced emission enhancement (AIEE) properties with wavelength tunable emission. Their emission color can be tuned from green to orange in tetrahydrofuran/H 2 O solutions, from green to red in solid state or pure tetrahydrofuran solutions. In addition, the solution or film of TPA-TPE shown results in distinct fluorescence from “ON” to “Off” observation as well as color change from orange yellow to colorless by naked eyes when the addition of toxic Cl 2 gas, which can be used as an excellent dual chromo- and fluorogenic signal changes that is well suited for monitoring Cl 2 gas in solution, or solid film, conveniently. These results indicate TPA-TPE is a promising candidate chemosensor for the detection of Cl 2 gas.
研究领域:
化学
·
材料科学
·
分析化学
·
环境科学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
SENSORS AND ACTUATORS A-PHYSICAL
·
2021
·
IF 3.407
Xiaoying Pan,Jun Hu,Jialiang Li,Yufei Zhai,Song Li,Min Wang,Takashiro Tsukamoto,Shuji Tanaka
The temperature dependent photoluminescence of temperature sensitive paint (TSP) makes it an attractive candidate for infrared (IR) thermal imaging, but its low luminescence intensity and poor photostability hinder its extensive use in infrared detectors . Herein, a novel complex luminophore of AgNPs/[Ru(phen) 3 ]Cl 2 /PVDF was designed to fabricate a thermal imaging device with improved sensitivity and signal-to-noise ratio. It is found that the localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) could enhance the local intensity of the excitation light , consequently an increase in the luminescence intensity of neighboring luminophore can be achieved. Thus, not only the fluorescence intensity of the obtained sensor array is enhanced, but the temperature sensitivity is also improved to − 4.5%/K at 20 °C, which increased by 25% compared to that of the blank film without AgNPs addition. Furthermore, the detector array is used for IR thermal imaging, which can successfully obtain the thermal images of observation object at room temperature . The minimal detectable temperature is as small as about 313 K.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
光学
·
热工程
·
纳米技术
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
Nature Communications
·
2026
·Vol. 17
·期 1
·4508
·
IF 18.1
Li Shuying,Wang Yonghong,Liu Yuan,Cao Qing,Chen Gaojie,Fan Xiaolong,Li Qinyi,Zhang Peng,Hu Renzhi,Tham Yee Jun,He Xu-Cheng,Chu Biwu,Ma Qingxin,Chen Jinsheng,He Hong
Chlorine atoms (·Cl) exhibit high reactivity and exert a substantial influence on the atmospheric oxidation capacity and chlorine cycle in the troposphere. The photolysis of molecular chlorine (Cl 2 ) is a crucial source of ·Cl. However, the daytime peaks of Cl 2 concentration cannot be entirely accounted for by the currently known pathways. Here we show that the photolytic oxidation of ammonium chloride (NH 4 Cl), a ubiquitous component of atmospheric aerosol, serves as an important daytime source of Cl 2 . Laboratory experiments demonstrate that oxygen, water vapour, and acidity are indispensable for Cl 2 generation and release, and that Cl 2 production is enhanced in the presence of black carbon aerosol. Field observation combined with model simulation demonstrates that the mechanism explains 12-55% of daytime Cl 2 concentration. These results reveal a photoactivation pathway for chlorine production that depends only on chlorine salts and solar radiation, with significant implications in regions with abundant chloride salts.
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
SENSORS AND ACTUATORS B-CHEMICAL
·
2025
·
IF 7.7
Baoshuai Xing,Xiaoli Cheng,Tingting Wang,Xianfa Zhang,Lihua Huo,Yingming Xu
Chlorine (Cl 2 ) is a highly hazardous and corrosive substance that can cause severe respiratory problems and skin burns in humans at low doses. The effective detection of Cl 2 has become critical for protecting both the ecological environment and public health. Herein, the oxygen vacancy-abundant SnO 2 were synthesized using SnS as template followed by the calcination method. The resultant SnO 2 -800 sensor exhibits improved sensing response to Cl 2 (about 205–10 ppm) at room temperature, together with a trace detection limit of 100 ppb. Such excellent sensing properties could be assigned to several reasons including the unique cross-linked structure, the appropriate amount of grain boundaries, and especially sufficient oxygen vacancies. The XPS, GC-MS techniques and DFT theoretical calculation were combined used to detailly investigate the sensing mechanism. This work might shed light on the rational design of high-performance sensing materials via defect engineering.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
环境科学
·
化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Nature Communications
·
2024
·Vol. 15
·期 1
·1-12
·
IF 14.7
Feng Wenting,Wei Xinru,Yang Jianhang,Ma Chenyu,Sun Yiming,Han Junwei,Kong Debin,Zhi Linjie
Rechargeable sodium-chlorine (Na-Cl 2 ) batteries show high theoretical specific energy density and excellent adaptability for extreme environmental applications. However, the reported cycle life is mostly less than 500 cycles, and the understanding of battery failure mechanisms is quite limited. In this work, we demonstrate that the substantially increased voltage polarization plays a critical role in the battery failure. Typically, the passivation on the porous cathode caused by the deposition of insulated sodium chloride (NaCl) is a crucial factor, significantly influencing the three-phase chlorine (NaCl/Na + , Cl - /Cl 2 ) conversion kinetics. Here, a self-depassivation strategy enabled by iodine anion (I - )-tuned NaCl deposition was implemented to enhance the chlorine reversibility. The nucleation and growth of NaCl crystals are well balanced through strong coordination of the NaI deposition-dissolution process, achieving depassivation on the cathode and improving the reoxidation efficiency of solid NaCl. Consequently, the resultant Na-Cl 2 battery delivers a super-long cycle life up to 2000 cycles.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
电化学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
FULLERENES NANOTUBES AND CARBON NANOSTRUCTURES
·
2021
·
IF 1.869
Zhaoyang Jia,Jian Wei,Yuan Wang,Yichang Jiang,Hao Zhang
Cement-based composites with thermoelectric effect have important application prospects in alleviating urban heat island effect, low-energy snow and ice melting on winter roads, and low-cost scale energy conversion and harvesting. Great progress has been made in the study of the thermoelectric properties of cement-based composites enhanced with carbon materials, and the addition of carbon materials increases the electrical conductivity of cement-based composites, but easily decreases the Seebeck coefficient. Reduced graphene oxide (RGO) by Cl2/HNO3 pretreatment increased the electrical conductivity of cement-based composites while also improving the Seebeck coefficient of cement-based composites, which was attributed to the increased content of RGO defects, which increased the effective mass of carriers, thus enhancing the Seebeck effect of cement-based composites and improving the thermoelectric properties of cement-based composites. When the Cl2 pretreatment RGO content was 5.0wt%, the electrical conductivity of the cement-based composites was 1.54 S/cm, the Seebeck coefficient was −56.61 μV/°C and the ZTmax value of 1.08 × 10−4 was achieved, with average output power and thermoelectric conversion efficiency of 2.91 × 10−2 mW/m2 and 3.79 × 10−6. The cement-based composites prepared by Cl2 pretreatment of RGO achieved the highest ZT at the same carbon material content.
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
Journal of Environmental Sciences
·
2022
·
IF 6.796
Lin Deng,Wei Luo,Xiao Chi,Tingting Huang,Longjia Wen,Huiyu Dong,Mingxian Wu,Jun Hu
The UV/Cl 2 process is commonly used to achieve a multiple-barrier disinfection and maintain residuals. The study chose methylamine as a precursor to study the formation of high-toxic halonitromethanes (HNMs) in the presence of bromide ions (Br − ) during UV/Cl 2 disinfection. The maximum yield of HNMs increased first and then decreased with increasing concentration of Br − . An excessively high concentration of Br − induced the maximum yield of HNMs in advance. The maximum bromine incorporation factor (BIF) increased, while the maximum bromine utilization factor (BUF) decreased with the increase of Br − concentration. The maximum yield of HNMs decreased as pH value increased from 6.0 to 8.0 due to the deprotonation process. The BUF value remained relatively higher under an acidic condition, while pH value had no evident influence on the BIF value. The maximum yield of HNMs and value of BUF maximized at a Cl 2 :Br − ratio of 12.5, whereas the BIF value remained relatively higher at low Cl 2 :Br − ratios (2.5 and 5). The amino group in methylamine was first halogenated, and then released into solution as inorganic nitrogen by the rupture of C-N bond or transformed to nitro group by oxidation and elimination pathways. The maximum yield of HNMs in real waters was higher than that in pure water due to the high content of dissolved organic carbon . Two real waters were sampled to verify the law of HNMs formation. This study helps to understand the HNMs formation (especially brominated species) when the UV/Cl 2 process is adopted as a disinfection technique.
研究领域:
环境科学
·
公共卫生
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
Chem
·
2023
·
IF 23.5
Pei Li,Xinliang Li,Ying Guo,Ao Chen,Rong Zhang,Yue Hou,Qi Xiong,Yanbo Wang,Ze Chen,Jiaxiong Zhu,Minshen Zhu,Chunyi Zhi
Anionic redox reactions would achieve a higher capacity than typical transition-metal-oxide cathodes, offering low-cost chemistry for advanced lithium-ion batteries. Li-Cl 2 chemistry using anionic redox reactions of Cl 0/−1 shows superior operation voltage (∼3.8 V) and capacity (756 mAh g −1 ). However, a redox-active and reversible chlorine cathode has not been developed in organic electrolyte-based lithium-ion batteries. Chlorine ions bonded by ionic bonding hardly dissolve in organic electrolytes, imposing a thermodynamic barrier for redox reactions. Meanwhile, chlorine gas is easily formed during oxidation. Herein, we report an interhalogen compound, iodine trichloride (ICl 3 ), as the cathode to address these two issues. In situ and ex situ spectroscopy data and calculations reveal that reduced Cl − ions are partially dissolved in the electrolyte, and oxidized Cl 0 is anchored by forming interhalogen bonds. A reversible Li-Cl 2 delivers a specific capacity of 302 mAh g −1 at 425 mA g −1 and a 73.8% capacity retention at 1,250 mA g −1 .
研究领域:
材料科学
·
电化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Matter
·
2024
·
IF 17.3
Pei Li,Shuo Yang,Jiaxiong Zhu,Shengnan Wang,Yue Hou,Huilin Cui,Ze Chen,Rong Zhang,Zhuoxi Wu,Yiqiao Wang,Zhiquan Wei,Xinghui Liu,Shaoce Zhang,Xinliang Li,Chunyi Zhi
Chlorine-based electrochemical energy storage is a promising candidate for sustainable battery technology. The anionic redox reaction of Cl 0/−1 is of interest due to its superior redox potential (1.36 V vs . standard hydrogen electrode [SHE]), capacity (756 mAh g −1 ), high power, and low cost. Although Cl chemistry has been used in aqueous batteries for a long time, its deployment in organic lithium batteries has been significantly impeded due to the insolubility of Cl − ions (<0.1 M). Scarce oxidizable Cl − blocks redox reactions and the inevitable lithium chloride (LiCl) film passivates electrodes on discharge. We report a eutectic effect to improve the Cl − solubility in organic electrolytes (2 M or higher) by mixing a series of N-/P-centered chloride salts with lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide at specific ratios. Based on an optimized Cl − concentration, a Li-Cl 2 cell using I as a chemical fixation can achieve a three-electron transfer with a specific capacity of 702 mAh g −1 and an energy density of 1,116 Wh kg −1 .
研究领域:
电化学
·
能源材料科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Sustainable Energy & Fuels
·
2024
·Vol. 8
·期 8
·1730-1739
·
IF 5
Caitao Kang,Chenglong Ding,Yao Li,Yanming Li,Changli Li,Jingfu He
Electrochemical CO2 reduction (CO2R) in acidic electrolytes can effectively overcome the challenge of carbonate formation and poor carbon utilization efficiency of CO2R in alkaline and neutral electrolytes. The corresponding anodic reaction design in an acidic environment therefore becomes important to overcome the valueless products and high energy consumption of the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) that hinder the overall commercial value of CO2R systems. Herein, we designed an efficient coupling system of electrochemical CO2 reduction and chlorine oxidation in an acidic electrolyte to reduce CO2 loss and improve the sustainability of the reaction system. We modulated the local microenvironment to promote C–C coupling by combining the cation effect with the larger surface area CuO nanoparticle catalyst in an acidic electrolyte. As a result, this coupling system can achieve high C2H4 and Cl2 faradaic efficiencies (FEs) of 63% and 89% at 700 mA cm−2 simultaneously. The system is commercially promising as it stably produces valuable products at both the cathode and anode.
研究领域:
电化学
·
能源转化
·
催化科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Materials Science and Engineering B-Advanced Functional Solid-State Materials
·
2026
·
IF 5.7
Tao Zhang,Yugang Zhou,Wei Fang
A ZrO 2 -PSU composite membrane with asymmetric structure was developed for chlor-alkali electrolysis. • ZrO 2 addition enhanced hydrophilicity and reduced area resistance but lowered bubble point pressure. • The membrane reactor achieved high Faradaic efficiencies (>96% for HER and > 98% for CER) with considerable NaOH yield. • The zero-gap electrolyzer delivered 3.33 V at 100 mA cm −2 over 20 h with robust structural and chemical stability. The chlor-alkali process is a vital industrial route for the production of chlorine (Cl 2 ), hydrogen (H 2 ), and sodium hydroxide (NaOH). However, conventional ion-exchange membrane-based technologies face challenges related to high cost, limited durability, and susceptibility to fouling and degradation under harsh operating conditions. Here, we report a zirconium dioxide-polysulfone (ZrO 2 -PSU) composite membrane reactor that enables simultaneous and efficient Cl 2 and H 2 /NaOH production via chlor-alkali electrolysis. The composite membrane, fabricated via phase inversion tape casting, integrates ZrO 2 nanoparticles into a porous PSU matrix, achieving a well-defined asymmetric structure with a dense top layer and a finger-like porous bottom layer. The optimized composite membrane ( Z -PSU-70) exhibits lowest area resistance, enhanced hydrophilicity, and effective gas barrier properties. In an H-type electrolysis cell using a nickel mesh cathode and a RuO 2 @carbon paper anode, the reactor delivers stable cell voltages and high Faradaic efficiencies (>96% for H 2 and > 98% for Cl 2 ) with minimal gas crossover. Furthermore, a zero-gap flow cell configuration achieves a low cell voltage of approximately 3.33 V at 100 mA cm −2 , with stable performance over 20 h. Post-electrolysis characterizations confirm the structural and chemical stability of both the membrane and electrodes. This work presents a cost-effective and high-performance membrane reactor design, offering a promising pathway toward more sustainable and efficient chlor-alkali electrolysis.
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）