AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY
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2022
·
IF 5.202
Xia Zhao,Xu Shi,Qingqing Liu,Xiaojing Li
Overuse of acetochlor pollutes soil and rivers, causing threats to the ecosystem. Studies found that acetochlor exposure could damage multiple organs and tissues in fish and mammal. Tea polyphenols (TP), a natural antioxidant that extracted from tea, has been widely used in food and feed additions. However, the mechanism by which acetochlor causes tissue damage is unclear, and its mitigating agent has yet to be developed. Therefore, we established acetochlor exposure and TP mitigation models by treating Ctenopharyngodon idellus kidney (CIK) cells with 20 μM acetochlor and/or 2.5 μg/mL TP for 24 h, and detected the programmed cell death and its related pathways. The results showed that acetochlor exposure modified antioxidant enzyme activities, induced oxidative stress, resulted in the decline of MMP and ATP levels, enhanced glycolysis and lactate accumulation, and triggered apoptosis and necroptosis in CIK cells. However, TP could inhibit CYP450s expression, activate Nrf2 pathway, enhance antioxidant capacity, further effectively alleviate acetochlor-induced CIK cell death. Overall, the present study proved that acetochlor exposure triggered mitochondrial damage and lactate accumulation-mediated apoptosis and necroptosis through CYP450s/ROS/MAPK/NF-κB pathway. Furthermore, TP could alleviate effectively cell death through relieving oxidative stress and lightening Warburg-like effect.
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高影响因子
JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE
·
2018
·Vol. 99
·期 5
·2158-2164
·
IF 2.379
Amr M Bakry,Chang Ma,Shanbai Xiong,Tao Yin,Binjia Zhang,Qilin Huang
BACKGROUND A decreasing freshness occurrs in Ctenopharyngodon ( C .) idellus during post-mortem storage. In the present study, chitosan-glucose Maillard reaction products (CG-MRPs) were prepared by heating chitosan and glucose at different reaction temperatures and then used for preserving the freshness and quality of C . idellus fillets during cold storage (4 °C). RESULTS High temperature enhanced the chitosan-glucose Maillard reaction and promoted the accumulation of melanoidins and intermediate compounds. The reducing power of CG-MRPs increased with an increasing reaction temperature. CG-MRPs inhibited the microbial growth rate and retarded the oxidation of proteins, lipids and nucleotides in C. idellus fillets by suppressing total bacterial count, total volatile basic nitrogen, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances and K values during cold storage. Furthermore, CG-MRPs prolonged shelf-life. The fillets treated with the CG-MRPs prepared at 120 °C showed an especially longer shelf-life (7 days). The preservative effect of CG-MRPs on fillets was the result of antibacterial components (melanoidins, reductone and furfural) in CG-MRPs and a reducing power against the oxidative degradation of proteins, nucleotides and lipids in C. idellus fillets. CONCLUSION The present study demonstrates that, for C. idellus fillets, treatment with CG-MRPs prepared at 120 °C for 40 min could be a feasible approach for maintaining the freshness of C. idellus fillets and prolonging shelf-life during cold storage. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry
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JOURNAL OF FOOD PROCESSING AND PRESERVATION
·
2016
·Vol. 41
·期 4
·e13088
·
IF 0.894
Jin-Lin Li,Zong-Cai Tu,Xiao-Mei Sha,Lu Zhang,De-Rong Lin,Kai Zeng,Hui Wang,Juan-Juan Pang,Ping-Ping Tang
The effect of frying on fatty acid profile, free amino acids and volatile compounds of grass carp ( Ctenopharyngodon idellus ) fillets was investigated by comparing two frying time points (2 and 4 min). Although frying decreased overall fatty acid content with different degree of degradation between the two frying time points, the content of C18:2 n-6 and C18:3 n-3 was significantly increased ( P < 0.05). By contrast, the total free amino acids content increased from 53.36 nmol/kg in raw to 65.03 and 72.18 nmol/kg in samples fried for 2 and 4 min, respectively. It appeared that frying likely increased the content and number of volatiles since 13 and 4 novel volatiles were formed during 0–2 and 2–4 min of frying, respectively. It can be concluded that frying improves the taste and flavor of food, but decreases the nutritional value of grass carp fillets to some extent. Practical Applications Grass carp ( Ctenopharyngodon idellus ), one of the most important freshwater fish, is a valuable source of nutrition. It is usually treated by one or more various cooking processes before consumption, which gives rise to major changes in composition. Frying is one of the most common methods for processing fish to improve its nutrition, flavor and taste. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of frying on fatty acid composition, free amino acids and volatiles in grass carp meat. The results of this study provide a better understanding of how frying influences the nutrition and taste of grass carp fillets, and how the overall volatile profile changes during frying. This information could provide scientific guidance for processing delicious, nutritional and healthy fish products, and promote the application of grass carp even freshwater fish in food industry.
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JOURNAL OF FOOD PROCESSING AND PRESERVATION
·
2016
·Vol. 41
·期 4
·e12995
·
IF 0.894
Jin-Lin Li,Zong-Cai Tu,Lu Zhang,De-Rong Lin,Xiao-Mei Sha,Kai Zeng,Hui Wang,Juan-Juan Pang,Ping-Ping Tang
Fish has long been considered as an available source of high-quality protein in human diet. Grass carp ( Ctenopharyngodon idellus ) soup, produced with a traditional Chinese method, is one of the most favorite Chinese foods due to its pleasant smell and favorable test. Volatiles in grass carp soup produced with the method were investigated in this study. The volatiles were extracted with simultaneous distillation extraction (SDE) and solid phase micro-extraction (SPME) and analyzed by GC–MS. SDE was more efficient than SPME in extracting volatiles from grass carp soup. Combination the two methods, a total of 113 compounds, including 20 aldehydes, 8 ketones, 30 terpenes, 2 pyrazines, 6 sulfur compounds, 4 acids, 4 esters and 15 other compounds, were identified. Terpenes and aldehydes were the main volatile compounds in grass carp soup. Terpenes and aldehydes together with other kind of volatiles endow the grass carp soup with the favorite flavor. Practical Applications Grass carp ( Ctenopharyngodon idellus ), one of the “four major Chinese carps,” is one of the most important freshwater fish species in China and the world. Boiling with water, garlic and ginger after pan frying with oil is the most common traditional Chinese method to process grass carp. This study first revealed the volatile compounds in grass carp soup prepared by this method with GC–MS combined with AMDIS and LRT. The results are useful to help to understand the flavor smell of fish products, develop fish products and food additives with the traditional Chinese cooking method and promote the application of grass carp even freshwater fish in food industry.
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Frontiers in Immunology
·
2022
·
IF 8.786
Shi Fei,Huang Yao,Yang Mingxuan,Lu Zhijie,Li Yanan,Zhan Fanbin,Lin Li,Qin Zhendong
Gut microbiota play a vital role in fish health homeostasis. Antibiotics are known to alter microbial community composition and diversity; however, the substantial effects of antibiotics upon the gut microbiome with respect to immune-related pathways in healthy fish remain unclear. Accordingly, here we explored the impact of two antibiotics on the intestinal health, immune response, microbiome dynamics, and transcriptome profiles of grass carp. A two-week feeding trial was carried out in which the basal diet was complemented with enrofloxacin (10 mg/kg) or florfenicol (10 mg/kg). The results showed that: (1) Enrofloxacin and florfenicol both induced intestinal oxidative stress and reduced the digestive enzyme activity of grass carp. (2) High-throughput sequencing of 16S rDNA revealed that enrofloxacin but not the florfenicol treatment influenced gut microbiota diversity in grass carp by shifting α/β-diversity with more abundant pathogens detected. (3) Transcriptome profiling demonstrated that florfenicol down-regulated the immune-related pathways of grass carp, and the network analysis revealed that IgA was negatively correlated with certain pathogens, such as Shewanella and Aeromonas. (4) Antibiotic-induced alternations of gut core microbes were revealed via immune-related transcripts, as were lower mRNA expression levels of mucosal-related genes. (5) Apoptosis and histopathological changes were detected in the enrofloxacin- and florfenicol-treated groups compared with the control group. Overall, administering antibiotics will promote oxidative stress, cause intestinal flora dysbiosis, inhibit the mucosal immune system, and induce apoptosis in grass carp.
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Heliyon
·
2024
·
IF 3.4
Meilin Hao,Junhong Zhu,Yuxiao Xie,Wenjie Cheng,Lanlan Yi,Sumei Zhao
While tissue amino acid compositions reflect that of the dietary protein source, and the liver orchestrates amino acid metabolism. In this study, we investigated the muscle amino acid profiles in ordinary and crisp grass carp. The 22 amino acids were measured, and seventeen showed significant concentration differences. To understand the molecular mechanisms behind changes, we analyzed the liver transcriptome, and the 2519 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified, with 1156 up-regulated and 1363 down-regulated genes. DEGs were enriched in ribosome-related biological processes. KEGG pathway analysis showed enrichment in tryptophan metabolism, lysine degradation, valine, leucine and isoleucine degradation, galactose metabolism, and glutathione metabolism with up-regulated genes, arginine and proline metabolism, arginine biosynthesis and alanine, aspartate, amino sugar and nucleotide sugar metabolism, N-Glycan biosynthesis and glutamate metabolism with down-regulated genes. A protein-protein interaction network with 260 nodes and 249 edges was constructed, and 3 modules were extracted. The top 10 hub genes with close connections to other nodes were ITM1, STT3B, SEL1L, UGGT1, MLEC, IL1B, ALG5, KRTCAP2, NFKB2, and IRAK3. In summary, this study identified candidate genes and focused on amino acid and glycan metabolism pathways, providing a reference for further investigation into liver amino acid metabolism in grass carp fed with broad beans.
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FOOD RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL
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2026
·
IF 8.8
Hongying Du,Tianfang Duan
This study investigated the effects of different concentrations of chlorogenic acid-chitosan conjugate (CGA-CS) solutions on the quality of grass carp ( Ctenopharyngodon idellus ) fillets during refrigerated storage. Fresh fillets were immersed in CGA-CS solutions at concentrations of 0.5%, 1.0%, and 2.0% ( w / v ) and then stored at 4 °C for 16 days. During storage, physicochemical indicators such as weight loss, texture profile, flesh color, lipid and protein oxidation, and total volatile basic nitrogen (TVB-N) were measured periodically. High-throughput sequencing (HTS) was employed to analyze the dynamic changes in the microbial community, and dominant spoilage bacterium were isolated and identified to further explore the antibacterial mechanism of CGA-CS. The results showed that CGA-CS treatment significantly improved the storage quality of the fillets, with the 2% CGA-CS treatment being the most effective, extending the shelf life by approximately 4 days. At the end of storage, the TVB-N value of the 2% CGA-CS-treated group was 14.01 mg/100 g, significantly lower than that of the control group (26.54 mg/100 g), while also reducing the total bacterial count by 2.71 log CFU/g. Furthermore, CGA-CS effectively inhibited weight loss, delayed lipid and protein oxidation, and better maintained the texture and color stability of the muscle. Microbiological analysis revealed that CGA-CS significantly inhibited total bacterial growth and exhibited specific inhibitory effects against two major spoilage bacteria ( P < 0.05). Further mechanistic studies indicated that CGA-CS modulated the microbial community structure by significantly reducing the relative abundance of Pseudomonas and Aeromonas . Notably, the relative abundance of Pseudomonas decreased from 81.65% in the control group to 41.12% after CGA-CS treatment, leading to its selection as a representative model for subsequent cellular-level mechanistic analysis. Using the isolated and identified dominant spoilage bacterium strain Pseudomonas helmanticensis , mechanistic studies showed that CGA-CS damages bacterial membrane integrity and permeability, strongly inhibits biofilm formation and adhesion ability ( P < 0.05), ultimately disrupting key physiological processes and slowing fillet spoilage. In summary, CGA-CS treatment can significantly extend the refrigerated shelf life of grass carp fillets through multi-target regulation of the microbial community and inhibition of specific spoilage bacteria.
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Aquaculture Reports
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2024
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IF 3.2
Yu-Long Gong,Xiao-Hong Lai,Yao Xiao,Peng Jiang,Yu-Feng Song
To elevate the effects of creatine on muscle growth, flesh quality, lipid metabolism and antioxidant responses of aquatic animals, we set up three diets with dietary creatine levels at 0 % (Control), 1 % and 2 % for juvenile grass carp (4.33 ± 0.02 g). Experimental fish were stocked in nine 300-L tanks (30 fish/tank) and randomly assigned with one of the three diets for 8 weeks. We found that 2 % dietary creatine improved the growth performance (SGR) and feed utilization (FCR) of the experimental grass carp. Dietary creatine supplementation further increased the diameter of muscle fibers through elevating the expression levels of muscle growth-related genes ( pax3 , mrf4, myog , myf5 , mef2a , and mef2d ) and proteins (Pax3, Myog and Mef2a). Furthermore, both 1 % and 2 % creatine supplementation elevated the muscle flesh quality of grass carp, indicated by the enhanced water holding capacity, improved texture properties, increased flavor compounds (flavor nucleotides and amino acids) content and decreased odorants compounds (2-MIB and GSM) content in the muscle. Dietary creatine supplementation also reduced muscle lipid deposition main forced by suppressing lipogenesis and activating fatty acids β-oxidation. Moreover, the increased antioxidant capability and reduced oxidative stress were found in the muscle of creatine supplementation groups, as evaluated by Nrf2 nuclear-translocation, enzymatic activities, antioxidative genes and proteins expression. Therefore, our study suggested that 1 % or 2 % dietary creatine levels not only promoted the muscle growth, but also enhanced the flesh quality of juvenile grass carp.
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Metabolites
·
2022
·Vol. 12
·期 11
·1046
·
IF 5.581
Guoqing Liu,Meng Zhou,Xiaoyu Wang,Xiangjie Mao,Xianmei Long,Shouqi Xie,Dong Han,Qingsong Tan
The aim of this study was to evaluate the nutritional value of cottonseed protein concentrate (CPC) as a single dietary protein source and the optimal protein level for grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idellus). An 8-week feeding trial was conducted by feeding juvenile grass carp (initial body weight: 4.68 ± 0.01 g) with six experimental diets containing graded levels of protein provided by CPC. The results showed that the optimal CPC level (CPC4) improved the growth performance and health status of grass carp. The optimal dietary protein level was estimated to be 38.61 and 38.66% based on specific growth rate (SGR) and feed efficiency (FE), respectively. The CPC4 group significantly increased the total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) content and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity in the hepatopancreas (p< 0.05). In addition, the CPC4 group increased the muscle T-AOC and glutathione (GSH) content and improved muscle hardness, and the gene expression of MRFs,fgf6a,myhc-7,myhc-1,myhc-4,igf-II, andtorwas upregulated whilemstngene expression was downregulated (p< 0.05). Correlation analysis revealed that the optimal dietary CPC level promoted grass carp growth, health, and flesh quality by regulating the relative abundance of intestinal microbes. Furthermore, CPC6 upregulated the ko00480 (Glutathione metabolism) and ko00620 (Pyruvate metabolism) pathways compared to CPC1 (p< 0.05), possibly indicating that low dietary CPC levels adversely affected amino acid metabolism in the intestinal microbiota of grass carp, while a high level of CPC will meet the metabolic needs of the body by increasing the utilization of energy.Keywords:cottonseed protein concentrate;protein requirement;muscle texture;antioxidant capacity;metabolic function
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AQUACULTURE INTERNATIONAL
·
2023
·
IF 2.9
Liu Guoqing,Zhou Meng,Mao Xiangjie,Gu Dianchao,Chen Wangwang,Long Xianmei,Xie Shouqi,Tan Qingsong
The
objective of this study was to evaluate the nutritional value of Clostridium autoethanogenum protein (CAP) as a sole protein source at different dietary protein levels by growth performance, health status, and intestinal microbiota of grass carp. Grass carp (4.56 ± 0.01 g) were randomly divided into 6 treatments in triplicate (30 fish per replicate) and fed with gradient protein level (24.45%, 27.31%, 31.82%, 35.79%, 38.64%, and 42.82%, respectively; named CAP1, CAP2, CAP3, CAP4, CAP5, and CAP6) diets for 8 weeks. Final body weight (FBW) and specific growth rate (SGR) were the significantly highest in the CAP4 group ( P < 0.05). Based on SGR and feed efficiency (FE), the dietary protein requirement for juvenile grass carp was estimated to be 36.14–37.90%. CAP4 promoted hepatopancreatic health by reducing lipid deposition and structural lesions, and improved the anti-inflammatory ability by upregulating the relative expression level of il10 ( P < 0.05). At the same time, the CAP4 improved the length of mucosal fold and the thickness of muscular layer. In addition, CAP4 can maintain the composition and metabolic function of intestinal microbiota and enhance the endocrine system and bacterial chemotaxis. However, it is worth noting that increasing CAP inclusion depressed hepatopancreatic antioxidant capacity. In conclusion, CAP is a promising novel protein source for grass carp, while careful consideration of its side effect at high inclusion level is deserved.
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FOOD CHEMISTRY
·
2018
·
IF 4.946
Xinyu Sun,Xiaoban Guo,Mingyu Ji,Jiulin Wu,Wenjin Zhu,Jianhua Wang,Cui Cheng,Li Chen,Qiqing Zhang
This study investigated the effects of a novel edible coating combining fish gelatin with curcumin/β-cyclodextrin (CUR/βCD) emulsion on the quality of grass carp fillets (GCFs) during storage at 4 °C. For all samples, the quality parameters, including weight loss, pH, total volatile basic nitrogen (TVB-N), peroxide value (PV), thiobarbituric acid (TBA) value, SDS-PAGE, free amino acids (FAA), microbiological (total viable counts (TVC), Pseudomonas counts, yeasts and molds, and H 2 S-producing bacteria), color and sensorial characteristics, were tested periodically. The coatings containing CUR/βCD emulsions exhibited better preservative effects than gelatin/βCD coating. Therefore, fish gelatin coating enriched with CUR/βCD emulsion can be used as an effective way to maintain the quality of GCF and extend its shelf life during storage at 4 °C.
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ANIMAL FEED SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
·
2026
·
IF 3.2
Wei Zhang,Lin Ma,Yi-Geng Meng,Ke-Ming Liu,Hong-Qing Sun,Chao Cai,Ming-Ze Li,Yuan-Yuan Dai,Wen-Wen Li,Xin Luo,Nan Li
This study investigated the potential effects of dietary Astragalus polysaccharide (APS) and Lycium barbarum polysaccharide (LBP), administered individually and in combination, in juvenile grass carp ( Ctenopharyngodon idella ). The primary goal was to determine whether their combination could elicit more profound benefits on overall health and productivity than either polysaccharide alone. Four iso-nitrogenous and iso-lipidic diets were formulated: a control diet, and diets supplemented with 0.1% APS, 0.1% LBP, or a combination of 0.05% APS and 0.05% LBP (AL). Following a 56-day feeding trial, all polysaccharide-supplemented groups significantly enhanced growth performance, digestive enzyme activities, and nutrient utilization compared to the control. Among them, the AL group achieved the highest final body weight and the lowest feed conversion ratio. Similarly, serum biochemistry was markedly improved by all polysaccharides, with the AL group exhibiting the most favorable profile of lowered triglycerides, glucose, and LDL-cholesterol, and elevated HDL-cholesterol. The antioxidant defense system was also significantly boosted across all supplemented groups, with the AL group showing the highest activities of key antioxidant enzymes and the lowest MDA level. This enhancement was consistent with transcriptional results, where the AL group most potently activated the Nrf2-Keap1 pathway and upregulated downstream antioxidant genes. In innate immunity, all polysaccharides elevated serum lysozyme and complement 3 levels, with the highest values observed in the AL group. Furthermore, all treatments shifted hepatic cytokine balance toward an anti-inflammatory phenotype, and the AL group induced the most significant upregulation of tgf-β1 and il-10 . These physiological improvements were functionally corroborated by a 7-day Aeromonas hydrophila challenge, in which the AL group exhibited the highest survival rate, significantly surpassing both individual polysaccharide treatments. The results indicate that the combination of APS and LBP is more effective than either polysaccharide alone in improving growth, digestion, antioxidant status, immune function, and disease resistance in grass carp. The combination represents a promising functional feed additive for sustainable aquaculture.
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