ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
·
2024
·
IF 8.3
Xiaojian Xu,Yuhe Shen,Ruizhe Xing,Jie Kong,Rongxin Su,Renliang Huang,Wei Qi
The development of high-performance biosensors is a key focus in the nanozyme field, but the current limitations in biocompatibility and recyclability hinder their broader applications. Herein, we address these challenges by constructing core–shell nanohybrids with biocompatible poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) modification using a galvanic replacement reaction between orthovanadate ions and liquid metal (LM) (VOx@EGaIn-PEG). By leveraging the excellent charge transfer properties and the low band gap of the LM surface oxide, the VOx@EGaIn-PEG heterojunction can effectively convert hydrogen peroxide into hydroxyl radicals, demonstrating excellent peroxidase-like activity and stability (Km = 490 μM, vmax = 1.206 μM/s). The unique self-healing characteristics of LM further enable the recovery and regeneration of VOx@EGaIn-PEG nanozymes, thereby significantly reducing the cost of biological detection. Building upon this, we developed a nanozyme colorimetric sensor suitable for biological systems and integrated it with a smartphone to create an efficient quantitative detection platform. This platform allows for the convenient and sensitive detection of glucose in serum samples, exhibiting a good linear relationship in the range of 10–500 μM and a detection limit of 2.35 μM. The remarkable catalytic potential of LM, combined with its biocompatibility and regenerative properties, offers valuable insights for applications in catalysis and biomedical fields.
研究领域:
纳米生物学
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生物医学工程
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催化科学
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
·
2025
·
IF 13.2
Zhiwen Wang,Yuxin Wang,Lei Wang,Zhiwei Pang,Zhaojin Lu,Xin Chen,Jin Sha,Zhishan Bai
Flexible tactile sensors capable of detecting three-dimensional forces are critical for advanced applications in robotics, prosthetics, and human–machine interfaces. However, existing multilayer or isotropic composite designs often suffer from increased stiffness, poor conformability, and crosstalk between sensing channels. Here, we present a monolithic flexible sensor features a composite sensing layer comprising 6-acrylamidohexanoic acid (6-AHA) surface-modified eutectic gallium–indium (EGaIn) microdroplets, uniformly dispersed within a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) matrix. Surface modification enhances the dispersion of microdroplets and interfacial compatibility, thereby improving both the mechanical flexibility and dielectric performance of EGaIn/PDMS. Designed with four orthogonal arranged interdigital electrodes, the capacitive structure enables independent measurement of normal and tangential forces. Finite element simulations and experimental characterization reveal that deformation and reorientation of EGaIn microdroplets under external loading induce anisotropic dielectric responses and localized electric field redistribution, enabling effective decoupling of normal and tangential forces within a compact architecture. The sensor exhibits high sensitivity to both normal and tangential forces (∼0.085 %/N), acceptable response (<310 ms), low hysteresis, and excellent repeatability under cyclic loading. Although response speed and long-term reliability remain limited by matrix viscoelasticity, this work provides a scalable route for fabricating monolithic three-dimensional tactile sensors with high sensitivity and directional resolution, providing opportunities for applications in wearable electronics, robotic manipulation, and electronic skins.
研究领域:
柔性电子学
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传感器与执行器
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材料科学
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机器人学
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可穿戴技术
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人机交互
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DOI
高影响因子
Soft Science
·
2025
·Vol. 5
·期 4
·N
·
IF 9
Jingxuan Ma,Jiayun Feng,Zicheng Sa,Fanzhou Meng,Zhao Feng,Qing Sun,Yuxin Sun,Jiayue Wen,Shang Wang,Yanhong Tian
Low-melting-point liquid metals (LMs), characterized by exceptional electrical conductivity, mechanical compliance, and eco-friendly, cost-effective processability, hold great promise as flexible conductors in human-machine interfaces, wearable bioelectronics, and emerging technologies. However, their intrinsic fluidity compromises device stability, while high surface tension and low viscosity present significant challenges for high-resolution patterning and scalable manufacturability. In this study, we develop a eutectic gallium indium-silver nanoparticles (EGaIn-AgNPs) biphasic conductive ink and employ electrohydrodynamic printing to achieve precise, high-resolution patterning of the EGaIn-AgNPs biphasic structure (~5 μm). This approach strategically embeds a solid phase within the LM matrix, effectively suppressing its inherent fluidity and substantially augmenting its mechanical stability and structural robustness. By leveraging the versatility and precision of electrohydrodynamic printing, we successfully fabricate lightweight, highly resolved conductive patterns that can conform seamlessly to complex and dynamic surfaces, such as human skin and plant leaves. This advancement addresses key challenges in LM-based flexible electronics, unlocking transformative opportunities in wearable electronics, implantable devices, next-generation consumer electronics, and smart agricultural systems.
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DOI
高影响因子
APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE
·
2022
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IF 7.392
Tianyou Chen,Jin Hu,Kaizhao Wang,Kaijun Wang,Weijun Zhang,Haijiao Xie,Guoyou Gan,Jin Shi
Electron transfer to CO 2 is commonly regarded as a critical step for activating CO 2 . Herein, we describe the development of a simple and effective strategy to facilitate electron transfer to CO 2 by introducing oxygen vacancies (O V ) in electrocatalysts. We discovered that stirring oxidized eutectic gallium indium is an important pretreatment step for introducing O V . In the subsequent CO 2 reduction process, the oxidized eutectic gallium indium (O-EGaIn) was reduced to the oxide-derived EGaIn (OD-EGaIn), which achieved 4 times higher Faradic efficiency for CO production than the eutectic gallium indium (EGaIn) in a tetrabutylammonium chloride/acetonitrile (Bu 4 NCl/AN) electrolytes. The XPS results showed that the O V concentration in the OD-EGaIn is much larger than that in the O-EGaIn and EGaIn samples. Electrokinetic studies indicated that the introduction of O V facilitates electron transfer to CO 2 . Density functional theory (DFT) calculations further revealed that the electrons tend to accumulate around the O V . These localized electrons then flow to the antibonding orbitals of CO 2 molecules, resulting in activating CO 2 and forming the key CO 2 •− radical.
研究领域:
材料科学
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电化学
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催化
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环境科学
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DOI
高影响因子
ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
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2022
·
IF 10.383
Ziyang Huang,Siyi Zou,Guozhen Liu
It is a long-lasting research topic to avoid the formation of oxidation layers on gallium-based liquid metals. This study has developed a simple general method for modification of the eutectic gallium–indium (EGaIn) surface with p-aniline derivatives to introduce a monolayer of organic molecules with versatile functional groups. The binding affinity of carboxylic acid groups, amine groups, or thiol groups with EGaIn is in the order SH > NH2 > COOH. For the first time, it is evidenced that both NH2 and SH groups can coexist on the EGaIn nanoparticle surface with the binding affinities of 30 and 70%, respectively. The formation of these organic molecules on the EGaIn surface antioxidizes and thus stabilizes the EGaIn nanoparticles, while increasing the conductivity of EGaIn significantly. The resulting EGaIn nanoparticles have very good distribution in both ethanol and aqueous solutions and rich surface chemistry, making them suitable for the following attachment of biomolecules such as aptamers, antibodies, or enzymes for biomedical applications. As an example, the EGaIn surface is successfully modified with p-aminobenzoic acid followed by the attachment of an insulin aptamer, which can be used for the electrochemical detection of insulin with the lowest detectable concentration limit of 1 pM. This study reveals the modification of EGaIn nanoparticles with p-aniline derivatives with versatile functional groups to antioxidize EGaIn in a biological environment, opening a door for gallium-based liquid metals toward biomedical applications.
研究领域:
材料科学
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生物医学工程
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分析化学
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Nanomaterials
·
2024
·Vol. 14
·期 6
·542
·
IF 4.4
Rui Guo,Weipeng Shi,Rui Guo,Chenyu Yang,Yi Chen,Yonghua Wang,Danfeng Cui,Dan Liu,Chenyang Xue
Flexible thermoelectric generators (FTEGs), which can overcome the energy supply limitations of wearable devices, have received considerable attention. However, the use of toxic Te-based materials and fracture-prone electrodes constrains the application of FTEGs. In this study, a novel Ag2Se and Poly (3,4-ethylene dioxythiophene): poly (styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS)/multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) FTEG with a high output performance and good flexibility is developed. The thermoelectric columns formulated in the work are environmentally friendly and reliable. The key enabler of this work is the use of embedded EGaIn electrodes, which increase the temperature difference collected by the thermoelectric column, thereby improving the FTEG output performance. Additionally, the embedded EGaIn electrodes could be directly printed on polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) molds without wax paper, which simplifies the preparation process of FTEGs and enhances the fabrication efficiency. The FTEG with embedded electrodes exhibits the highest output power density of 25.83 μW/cm2and the highest output power of 10.95 μW at ΔT= 15 K. The latter is 31.6% higher than that of silver-based FTEGs and 2.5% higher than that of covered EGaIn-based FTEGs. Moreover, the prepared FTEG has an excellent flexibility (>1500 bends) and output power stability (>30 days). At high humidity and high temperature, the prepared FTEG maintains good performance. These results demonstrate that the prepared FTEGs can be used as a stable and environmentally friendly energy supply for wearable devices.
研究领域:
材料科学
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能源技术
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柔性电子
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Advanced Science
·
2026
·
IF 14.1
Haiwei Yang,Dongdong Ye,Yezi You,Ming Fu,Zongqian Wang
Eutectogels combining high mechanical and electrical performance hold great promise for next-generation wearable electronics. However, conventional polymerizable deep eutectic solvent (PDES)–based eutectogels suffer from an inherent strength–conductivity trade-off. Here, inspired by the multiscale architecture of the extracellular matrix, a bioinspired strategy is developed by integrating silk micro/nanofibrils (SMNF) as a reinforcing scaffold within a choline chloride/acrylic acid PDES. SMNF are generated in situ via deconstruction of silk fibers, while eutectic gallium–indium (EGaIn) microdroplets initiate polymerization without toxic initiators or high-energy UV irradiation, enabling one-step fabrication of SMNF-reinforced eutectogels (SMNF-Egel). The resulting SMNF-Egel combines dynamic hydrogen and coordination bonding with a robust micro/nanofibrous network, achieving a tensile strength of 1.25 MPa, toughness of 23.09 MJ m −3 , fracture strain of 2289%, and conductivity of 1.51 S m −1 , alongside skin-like modulus, self-healing, and environmental stability. These properties enable ultrasensitive strain sensing, Morse code communication, and stable bioelectrical signal monitoring. This work establishes a sustainable route to high-performance silk-based eutectogels and provides a versatile platform for advanced wearable sensors and bioelectronic interfaces.
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
LANGMUIR
·
2024
·
IF 3.7
Acan Jiang,Feng Xu,Haohang Fang,Changrui Zhang,Songyue Chen,Daoheng Sun
Hydrogel-based flexible electronics have been widely investigated in electronic skin and wearable sensors. However, the challenge of matching the modulus between the hydrogel and the electrode underscores the critical importance of flexibility of the electrode. Gallium-based liquid metals (GaLMs) are ideal electrode materials for flexible substrates due to their high conductivity and stretchability. However, the ease of aggregation and lack of adhesion happen when patterning GaLMs on hydrogel surfaces. This work proposes a direct ink writing (DIW) of highly oxidized EGaIn (hoEGaIn) on an acrylamide (AAm) hydrogel. The interface is modulated by increasing the oxide content to improve the printability. Compared to EGaIn with an oxide layer, hoEGaIn displays a lower surface tension dropped by about 28.5%, higher adhesion (an increase of about 24.4%), and lower contact angles. These optimized interface properties significantly improve its wettability and DIW stability on AAm hydrogel substrates. A minimum line width of 65 μm is obtained by regulating DIW parameters. Meanwhile, hoEGaIn exhibits impressive multisubstrate printability and conductivity of up to 2.22 × 106 S·m–1. Furthermore, a cantilever beam strain sensor is manufactured by DIW hoEGaIn on an AAm hydrogel, which exhibits fast response and recovery, excellent dynamic response, and stability. This study demonstrates a potential method for the DIW of GaLMs on hydrogels.
研究领域:
材料科学
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柔性电子
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纳米技术
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生物医学工程
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH
·
2021
·
IF 3.764
Xiangrong Shi,Kuiyuan Zhang,Liwei Zhao,Bo Jiang,Yudong Huang
Self-healable siloxane elastomers have recently attracted much interest in research for applications in flexible electronic devices. However, it remains a challenge for self-healable siloxane elastomers to realize good mechanical and rapid high-efficiency self-healable properties at room temperature. Herein, a desirable siloxane polymer elastomer was designed by the synergy of multiple dynamic bonds. In this self-healable system, the disulfide bonds as sacrificial bonds and hydrogen bonds as weak bonds could endow elastomers with rapid self-healability and high stretchability. Whereas, the Fe-coordination bonds could tune the robustness of a siloxane elastomer. Due to the synergy of multiple dynamic bonds, the self-healable PDMS-SS-DOPA1-Fe2 elastomer achieved high stretchability of 1100%, tensile stress of 1.11 MPa, and high self-healable efficiency of 96% (within 3 h). Moreover, after healing for 3 min at room temperature, the damaged siloxane elastomers were able to obtain a breaking strain of 250% and tensile stress of 0.5 MPa. As a proof of concept, based on elastomer films integrated with liquid metal alloy EGaIn (eutectic gallium–indium), stretchable electrodes and strain sensors were subsequently developed, opening the avenue to potential applications in flexible electronics and microsystems.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
聚合物化学
·
柔性电子
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Small
·
2023
·
IF 13.3
Ziyang Huang,Mingyang Guan,Ziting Bao,Fengyi Dong,Xiaolin Cui,Guozhen Liu
Gallium-based liquid metal systems hold vast potential in materials science. However, maximizing their possibilities is hindered by gallium's native oxide and interfacial functionalization. In this study, small-molecule ligands are adopted as surfactants to modify the surface of eutectic gallium indium (EGaIn) nanoparticles and suppress oxidation. Different p -aniline derivatives are explored. Next, the reduction of chloroanric acid (HAuCl 4 ) onto these p -aniline ligand modified EGaIn nanoparticles is investigated to produce gold-decorated EGaIn nanosystems. It is found that by altering the concentrations of HAuCl 4 or the p -aniline ligand, the formation of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) on EGaIn can be manipulated. The reduction of interfacial oxidation and presence of AuNPs enhances electrical conductivity, plasmonic performance, wettability, stability, and photothermal performance of all the p -aniline derivative modified EGaIn. Of these, EGaIn nanoparticles covered with the ligand of p -aminobenzoic acid offer the most evenly distributed AuNPs decoration and perfect elimination of gallium oxides, resulting in the augmented electrical conductivity, and highest wettability suitable for patterning, enhanced aqueous stability, and favorable photothermal properties. The proof-of-concept application in photothermal therapy of cancer cells demonstrates significantly enhanced photothermal conversion performance along with good biocompatibility. Due to such unique characteristics, the developed gold-decorated EGaIn nanodroplets are expected to offer significant potential in precise medicine.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
纳米技术
·
生物医学工程
·
癌症研究
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）