CELL AND TISSUE RESEARCH
·
2022
·Vol. 390
·期 2
·293-313
·
IF 4.051
Li Zhen-Fang,Hao Shuang-Li,Wang Lan-Min,Qi Hong-Yu,Wang Jia-Ming,Tan Fu-Qing,Yang Wan-Xi
Spermatogenesis is a finely regulated process of germ cell proliferation and differentiation that leads to the production of sperm in seminiferous tubules. Although the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway is crucial for spermatogenesis in mammals, its functions and molecular mechanisms in spermatogenesis remain largely unknown in nonmammalian species, particularly in Crustacea. In this study, we first identified es-Raptor (the core component of mTOR complex 1) and es-Rictor (the core component of mTOR complex 2) from the testis of Eriocheir sinensis . Dynamic localization of es-Raptor and es-Rictor implied that these proteins were indispensable for the spermatogenesis of E. sinensis. Furthermore, es-Raptor and es-Rictor knockdown results showed that the mature sperm failed to be released, causing almost empty lumens in the testis. We investigated the reasons for these effects and found that the actin-based cytoskeleton was disrupted in the knockdown groups. In addition, the integrity of the testis barrier (similar to the blood-testis barrier in mammals) was impaired and affected the expression of cell junction proteins. Further study revealed that es-Raptor and es-Rictor may regulate spermatogenesis via both mTORC1- and mTORC2-dependent mechanisms that involve es-rpS6 and es-Akt/es-PKC, respectively. Moreover, to explore the testis barrier in E. sinensis , we established a cadmium chloride (CdCl 2 )–induced testis barrier damage model as a positive control. Morphological and immunofluorescence results were similar to those of the es-Raptor and es-Rictor knockdown groups. Altogether, es-Raptor and es-Rictor were important for spermatogenesis through maintenance of the actin filament network and cell junctions in E. sinensis.
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FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY
·
2019
·
IF 3.298
Fenju Qin,Tao Shen,Huixing Yang,Junchao Qian,Dan Zou,Jinlin Li,Hui Liu,Yunyi Zhang,Xuehong Song
Oxidative stress plays a crucial role in ammonia nitrogen toxicity. In this study, the beneficial effects of dietary nano cerium oxide (nano CeO 2 ) as a potent antioxidant were examined in the Chinese mitten crab ( Eriocheir sinensis ). Crabs were fed a diet supplemented with 0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.8, 1.6, 3.2, 6.4, or 12.8 mg/kg nano CeO 2 for 60 d. The optimum supplementation level of nano CeO 2 that significantly increased weight gain rate and decreased feed coefficient was 0.8 mg/kg. This level also offered immune protection when crabs were kept under ammonia nitrogen stress and/or exposed to pathogen infection ( Aeromonas hydrophila ). Supplementation with 0.8 mg/kg of CeO 2 (i) relieved pathological damage to the hepatopancreas ; (ii) increased hemocyte counts, including total number of hemocytes, granulocytes , and hyalinocytes; (iii) decreased malondialdehyde content and increased antioxidant enzyme activities of superoxide dismutase and catalase in the hemolymph; (iv) increased the activities of lysozyme , acid phosphatase , and alkaline phosphatase in the hemolymph; and (v) increased gene and protein expression of cathepsin L in the hepatopancreas. Mortality increased when crabs were injected with bacteria under ammonia nitrogen stress, but dietary supplementation with 0.8 mg/kg nano CeO 2 decreased the mortality rate. Thus, the results of this study suggested that dietary supplementation with nano CeO 2 in crabs promoted growth and up-regulated immunity to bacterial infection under ammonia nitrogen stress.
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ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY
·
2024
·
IF 6.2
Shunli Che,Mengting Huang,Huiying Ma,Zhicheng Wan,Jianbin Feng,Shuquan Ding,Xilei Li
Nanopolystyrene (NP) and cadmium (Cd) are ubiquitous contaminants in aquatic systems. The present study aimed to investigate the toxic effects of exposure to ambient concentrations of NP and/or Cd on the intestinal tract of the Chinese mitten crab ( Eriocheir sinensis ). Exposure to NP and/or Cd induced oxidative stress, as evidenced by a significant increase in lipid peroxide content (LPO), total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), and peroxidase activity (POD), and significant decreases in superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX) activities in E. sinensis . In addition, exposure to NP and/or Cd imbalanced the homeostasis of the intestinal microbiota, as demonstrated by the significantly increased abundance of Spiroplasma . Transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses were performed to investigate the mechanisms underlying intestinal toxicity. Our results showed that ferroptosis, ABC transporters, phosphotransferase system, apoptosis, and leukocyte transendothelial migration were disturbed after exposure to NP and/or Cd. In particular, Cd exposure affected mucin type O-glycan biosynthesis, purine metabolism, and neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction. Intriguingly, co-exposure to NP and Cd might mitigate intestinal toxicity by decreasing oxidative stress and affecting these pathways. Taken together, our study clearly demonstrates that exposure to NP and/or Cd at environmentally relevant concentrations causes intestinal toxicity in E. sinensis .
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AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY
·
2024
·
IF 4.1
Qi Sun,Jun Dong,Zehui Su,Xuanyun Huang,Xiaoning Gao,Kun Hu,Xiaoling Gong
This study evaluates the impact of environmentally relevant, low-concentration deltamethrin exposure to Eriocheir sinensis ovaries. Our findings revealed that even at a concentration of 0.05 µg/L, deltamethrin exposure can induce significant ovarian toxicity through a 5-day exposure, with gradual amplification detected with time, demonstrating the toxicity amplification effect. Hematoxylin and Eosin staining revealed that low-concentration deltamethrin exposure produces pathological damage consistent with acute toxicity—yolk granules were dissolved and oocyte membranes were ruptured. High-throughput RNA-sequencing data indicated that the acute and low-concentration exposure groups involved completely different pathways and molecular functions, suggesting distinct mechanisms for their toxic effects. Following the identification of phospholipase D (PLD) as a potential core factor regulating the toxicity amplification effect of low concentration deltamethrin, we delved into subsequent mechanism studies using quantitative real-time PCR, immunofluorescence and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Through the GnRH signaling pathway, increased PLD indirectly stimulates augmented estradiol secretion, subsequently inducing apoptosis by upregulating Cathepsin D, which can activate the key executioners of apoptosis—caspases (CASP3 and CASP7). In conclusion, low-concentration deltamethrin exposures can induce significant ovarian damage through apoptosis mediated by the upregulation of PLD in the ovaries of Eriocheir sinensis at environmentally relevant concentrations, which lays the preliminary theoretical groundwork for further elucidating the mechanism of toxicity amplification effect of pesticide exposure at low concentrations.
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ENERGY
·
2023
·
IF 9
Yunchao Li,Yangkai Sun,Hanming Li,Mengwei Sun,Jie Shen,Shurong Wang
In this study, we report a unique, facile process for the preparation of a high-nitrogen-oxygen dual-doped three-dimensional (3D) hierarchical porous carbon network by one-step pyrolysis and in situ activation under a CO 2 atmosphere combined with acid treatment using Eriocheir sinensis as the precursor. The evolution of the physicochemical structure of carbon at different pyrolysis temperatures was investigated. Removing inorganics from the shell carbon of Eriocheir sinensis enabled the formation of a unique 3D network structure. In addition, a high doping concentration of nitrogen and oxygen can be formed in the porous carbon skeleton. The increase in the pyrolysis temperature was beneficial to the pore development and graphitisation of carbon. Because of the interconnected 3D hierarchical porous structure and high heteroatom doping content, which provides fast channels for electron and ion transport, the obtained carbon materials exhibit excellent capacitive performance as supercapacitor electrodes. Quantum chemical calculations further confirmed that the heteroatom-doped carbon plane has a larger negative charge and stronger interaction with K + than that of the pure carbon surface. This inexpensive green carbon material based on food waste is expected to be a candidate material for high-performance electrode precursors.
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ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY
·
2023
·
IF 6.8
Peng Huang,Jinliang Du,Liping Cao,Jiancao Gao,Quanjie Li,Yi Sun,Nailin Shao,Yuning Zhang,Gangchun Xu
Prometryn, a triazine pesticide product used to control weed growth, poses a high risk to aquatic organisms in the environment. Several toxicological evaluations have been performed on bony fish and shrimp exposed to prometryn. However, there have been no reports conducted on the toxic mechanism of prometryn with regard to Eriocheir sinensis . In this study, our research evaluated the toxic effects of prometryn via in vitro and in vivo toxicity tests on E. sinensis. Firstly, we estimated the exposure toxicity of prometryn to E. sinensis , and then we constructed a 6 h transcriptional profile and conducted an enrichment analysis. To further reveal the toxicity of prometryn, the hepatopancreas (hepatopancreatic cells) was analyzed for antioxidant, immune and lipid-metabolism-related enzymes, antioxidant- and apoptosis-related gene expression, histopathology and TUNEL. From the results, we determined that the 96 h-LD50 was 70.059 mg/kg, and using RNA-seq, we identified 933 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), which were mainly enriched in the amino and fatty acid metabolism and the cell-fate-determination-related signaling pathway. The results of the biochemical assays showed that prometryn could significantly decrease the activities/levels of CAT, SOD, GSH, AKP and ACP, reduce the levels of T-AOC, TG, TCH, C3 and C4, and increase the MDA content. In addition, the expression levels of Nrf2 , GSTs and HO-1 were first upregulated and then downregulated with increasing time. Histopathology showed that prometryn damaged the structure of the hepatopancreas cells and induced apoptosis, suggesting that the PI3K–Akt signaling pathway may be involved in the damage process of hepatopancreas cells ( PI3K , PDK and Akt were downregulated whereas Bax was upregulated), leading to their apoptosis. The above results indicated that prometryn could cause injury of the hepatopancreas through oxidative stress, induce cell apoptosis, disrupt the lipid metabolism and cause immune damage. This study provided useful data for understanding and evaluating the toxicity of prometryn to aquatic crustacea.
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SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
·
2024
·
IF 8.2
Zhiruo Fang,Yu Yao,Liping Cao,Jiancao Gao,Quanjie Li,Zhijuan Nie,Yi Sun,Gangchun Xu,Jinliang Du
This study investigated the toxicological mechanism of deltamethrin on Chinese mitten crab Eriocheir sinensis juveniles in fresh water. We first conducted an acute toxicity test, followed by laboratory methods to detect changes in immune-related indices in terms of antioxidant enzyme markers, lipid metabolism-related genes, and autophagy-related and apoptosis genes. The acute toxicity (96-h LC50) of deltamethrin to E. sinensis was 7.195 μg/L. After 48 h of exposure, serum showed elevated immune-related indices ( P < 0.05) for alkaline phosphatase (AKP), acid phosphatase (ACP), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), complement components C3 and C4, and the key pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin-6, interleukin-1β, and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α). In hepatopancreas at 48 h, indicators related to the antioxidant system, namely superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione (GSH), were significantly elevated, whereas nitric oxide and total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) were decreased ( P < 0.05). In contrast, lipid metabolism indices for triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), and malondialdehyde (MDA) were increased ( P < 0.05). Transcriptomics and metabolomics revealed that exposure to deltamethrin disrupted the lipid metabolic process in the hepatopancreas mainly by altering fatty acid synthesis, amino acid metabolism, immune signaling, and autophagy activation, while the exposure increased the content of phospholipids and cholesterol but decreased the levels of amino acids and palmitoleic acid. Quantitative genetics revealed significantly aberrantly expressed ( P < 0.05) lipid metabolism-related genes, including acc1 , fasn , scd1 , and pnpla2 , all key genes involved in lipid accumulation. Deltamethrin exposure also significantly altered ( P < 0.05) gene expression levels for Toll-like receptor ( tlr ), myeloid differentiation factor 88 ( myd88 ), crustin1 , anti-lipopolysaccharide factor isoform 3 ( alf3 ), tumor necrosis factor alpha ( tnf-α ), and NF-κB transcription factor relish . Furthermore, deltamethrin activated the toll-like receptor/major myeloid differentiation response gene 88/nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (TLR/MyD88/NF-kB) signaling pathway, which activates a nonspecific immune response in E. sinensis . Additionally, carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1 A ( cpt1a ), cytochrome c ( cyt-c ), adenosine 5′-monophosphate (amp)-activated protein kinase ( ampk ), the autophagosomal protein microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3c ( lc3c ), and the autophagy-related proteins beclin1 , atg5 , atg12 were significantly induced ( P < 0.05) in the adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase/rapamycin (AMPK/mTOR) signaling pathway. These changes resulted in excess free radicals, causing oxidative stress in the mitochondrial membrane, promoting mitochondrial autophagy. The results confirm that deltamethrin exposure can induce hepatopancreatic injury by promoting mitochondrial autophagy, activating an immune response, and inhibiting lipid metabolism. Overall, this study provides multi-level information to reveal the toxic effects of deltamethrin on E. sinensis .
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Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology
·
2025
·
IF 8.2
Zhigang Yang,Jiani Liu,Chunyu Chen,Khor Waiho,Chenchen Zhang,Aqin Chen,Youji Wang
Microplastics (MPs) pollution and freshwater acidification represent emerging threats to aquatic ecosystems. The combined toxic effects of these stressors on crustaceans and their underlying immune-metabolic mechanisms remain poorly understood. This study investigated the individual and combined toxic effects of low pH and polystyrene MPs on the Chinese mitten crab ( Eriocheir sinensis ). Through a 21-day exposure experiment combined with enzyme activity analysis, gut microbiota profiling, and hepatopancreas metabolomics, the findings revealed: (1) Combined exposure to low pH (pH 6.5) and MPs exacerbated oxidative damage and immune suppression, demonstrating synergistic toxicity; (2) MPs alone primarily affected pyrimidine metabolism, whereas combined exposure significantly disrupted the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle and arginine biosynthesis while activating serotonin metabolism; (3) Although the α-diversity of gut microbiota remained stable, its COG functional profile underwent significant alterations. The results indicate that freshwater acidification amplifies the toxic effects of MPs on crustaceans through immune-metabolic interactions, highlighting the urgency of assessing multiple environmental stressors in the context of climate change. The study provides novel mechanistic insights for aquatic ecological risk assessment.
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Foods
·
2025
·Vol. 14
·期 8
·1287
·
IF 5.1
Siqi Zhou,Renyue Zhang,Zehui Qiu,Yuyao Shi,Shaicheng Zhu,Xugan Wu,Xichang Wang,Long Zhang
This study investigated the effects of dietary Antarctic krill meal (AKM) on the physiological metabolism and flavor quality of adultEriocheir sinensisovaries during the postharvest temporary rearing. The AKM concentrations tested were 0% (including negative control group and positive control group), 2%, 4%, 6%, and 8%. The results indicate that theE. sinensisovaries in 8% AKM group produced the highest levels of aroma compounds after thermal processing, including hexanal, heptanal, phenylacetaldehyde, 3-octanone, and 2-methylbutanoic acid ethyl ester. The 8% AKM and negative control group were analyzed by UPLC-MS/MS combined with the nontargeted and widely targeted metabolomics technique. The AKM altered the composition of aroma precursors by adjusting the metabolism of glycerophospholipid, linoleic acid, α-linolenic acid, and amino acid in ovaries. Moreover, lipids composed of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) were significantly upregulated (p< 0.05). Dietary supplementation with 8% AKM had the best effect on improving the ovarian flavor quality ofE. sinensis. During the postharvest temporary rearing, more aromatic precursors were produced by regulating physiological metabolism. The ovarian flavor was enhanced by lipid oxidation, Maillard reaction, and Strecker degradation during thermal processing.
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Foods
·
2026
·Vol. 15
·期 19
·3540
·
IF 6
Xihao Li,Changhu Xue,Zihao Wei
To reduce the difficulty of shell–meat separation while minimizing quality deterioration, this study compared the effects of two thermal treatments, traditional steaming (TS) and a part-specific mild steaming (MS) strategy, on the quality and myofibrillar protein (MP) properties of Chinese mitten crab meat, using raw crab meat (RM) as the reference. Results showed that the MS group exhibited pH and moisture content closer to those of RM, while no significant difference was observed in total volatile basic nitrogen and centrifugal loss compared with RM, suggesting that MS treatment caused less pronounced changes in physicochemical quality and water-holding properties. Meanwhile, electronic nose and electronic tongue analyses revealed that MS closely resembled RM, whereas TS deviated markedly, suggesting that MS treatment effectively preserved the natural sensory quality of crab meat. MS induced only moderate decreases in MP content, total and active sulfhydryl contents, and surface hydrophobicity. Its turbidity, particle size, and ultraviolet absorption spectra remained largely consistent with RM, while endogenous fluorescence and circular dichroism spectra exhibited substantially smaller changes than those in TS. These findings indicate that MS causes only mild conformational adjustments of MPs and less pronounced protein aggregation than TS. Overall, MS effectively reduces shell–meat separation difficulty while maximally preserving the inherent quality of crab meat.
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Aquaculture Reports
·
2023
·
IF 3.7
Wenlong Wan,Jie Xu,Jiayuan Shi,Xin Zhang,Anran Wang,Xiaojing Dong,Shuyan Miao
A 60-day feeding trial was conducted to determine the effects of the interaction of dietary niacin and lipid on the growth, antioxidant capacity and lipid metabolism in male Eriocheir sinensis . A total 162 crabs (initial weight, 33.27 ± 0.84 g) were fed with six semi-purified diets containing L 6 N 0 (6% lipid and 0 mg/kg niacin), L 6 N 400 (6% lipid and 400 mg/kg niacin), L 6 N 800 (6% lipid and 800 mg/kg niacin), L 12 N 0 (12% lipid and 0 mg/kg niacin), L 12 N 400 (12% lipid and 400 mg/kg niacin), L 12 N 800 (12% lipid and 800 mg/kg niacin), respectively. Elevated levels of niacin and lipid improved growth performance of crabs, but there were no significant differences. Crabs fed with 400 mg/kg niacin diets had higher hepatopancreas index (HSI) and lipase (LPS) than that of the other groups. Niacin promoted the accumulation of lipid in the hepatopancreas, but excessive accumulation led to more oxidative stress in crabs. In conclusion, excess lipid and niacin enhanced the growth performance of male Chinese mitten crabs by promoting the accumulation of lipid in the body at the expense of impairing their immune capacity. Crabs fed with 6% lipid and 400 mg/kg niacin diet had an advantage in lipid metabolism, without a significant decrease in antioxidant capacity, achieving a balance in growth performance and immunity.
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Aquaculture Reports
·
2023
·
IF 3.7
Hao-kun Hua,Hui-xing Guo,Wen-bin Liu,Zi-shang Liu,Chao-fan He,Wan-ting Du,Yang-yang Huang,Wei Xiong,Li-ren Ding,Guang-zhen Jiang
This paper did research on the effect of dietary nicotinic acid (NA) on lipid metabolism and tryptophan metabolome of Chinese mitten crab ( Eriocheir sinensis ) to promote its growth. Three diets to administer to E. sinensis (37.25 ± 0.5 g), respectively, for 10 weeks were designed to contain 0% NA (control), 0.02% NA, and 0.10% NA. According to the results, when feeding crabs with 0.02% NA diet, the specific growth rate (SGR) increased markedly while the feed conversion ratio (FCR) was the opposite compared with 0% NA group. The content of total cholesterol (T-CHO) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL) in hemolymph decreased significantly when feeding crabs with 0.02% NA diet while the content of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL) was the opposite. In addition, the relative expression level of microsomal triglyceride transfer protein ( mttp ) and kynureninase ( KFase ) decreased significantly in 0.10% NA group while the relative expression level of sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1 ( srebp-1 ) and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide synthetase ( NADs ) increased significantly in 0.02% NA group. Meanwhile, the protein expression of 2-amino-3-carboxymuconic semialdehyde decarboxylase (ACMSD) in 0.02% NA group had a very significant increase compared with the other two groups. The result of tryptophan metabolome in hepatopancreas indicates that 0.02% NA in the diet could inhibit the downstream metabolic pathway of tryptophan. According to the results of this research, 0.02% NA in the diet can improve the growth and tryptophan metabolome through ACMSD and NADs , and lipid metabolism is also improved in this group, while 0.10% NA in the diet has no effect on crabs in growth performance.
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