Hong Meng,Tianwei Zhang,Zehua Wang,Lingrui Kong,Zhenwei Wei,Wenyang Dong,Dong Li,Hao Liang,Cunwei Zhang
Thermal runaway (TR) in lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) has emerged as a critical factor limiting the safe advancement of energy storage technologies. Perfluorohexanone, an effective extinguishing agent for battery fires, can rapidly reduce temperature and mitigate fire behavior. However, its high volatility and deployment method limit its application in TR scenarios within confined and narrow spaces. This study introduces a novel Fire-extinguishing Polymer Composite (FEPC) containing perfluorohexanone, synthesized through the in-situ polymerization of microcapsules and epoxy resin materials, aimed at suppressing TR in LIBs. Laboratory-scale fire extinguishing performance tests demonstrated that the material can rapidly respond to release the extinguishing agent and effectively suppress flames. The inhibitory effects of FEPC on LIB TR were evaluated under both passive and proactive release conditions in confined spaces. The findings revealed that FEPC significantly inhibits TR propagation, mitigates fire behavior, and reduces mass loss. Notably, proactive release conditions exhibited a more pronounced inhibitory effect on TR, evidenced by higher critical runaway temperatures, extended propagation times, and reduced mass losses compared to those in passive release conditions. These conclusions offer innovative approaches and insights for developing fire-extinguishing agents in confined spaces and provide valuable references for the practical engineering design of thermal management (TM) modules in LIBs, with substantial potential for application.
Gallic acid is widely used as an antioxidant in food because of its good antioxidant function, but excessive intake induces side effects in humans, so it is essential to devise a highly responsive technique for detecting gallic acid. In this work, we synthesized ZIF-67@FePc by the one-pot method. The synthesized material is more stable at high temperatures compared to ZIF-67 and maintains its original morphology during pyrolysis, when iron was introduced as a second metal active site during the synthesis process. Subsequently, Co/FeO X @NC-800 was employed to fabricate a GA sensor on a GCE. The developed sensor exhibited remarkable sensitivity towards GA, featuring a low LOD of 1.30 nM and a linear range spanning from 5 to 4500 nM. The electrochemical sensors we have prepared also showed good selectivity, stability, and reproducibility. It has been successfully employed for detecting GA in actual samples such as apples, grapes, tomatoes, and red wine.
Rui-Min Sun,Run-Ze Wu,Xin-Sheng Li,Jiu-Ju Feng,Lu Zhang,Ai-Jun Wang
The high-performance and durable oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) catalyst on air cathode is a key component in assembly of Zn-air batteries. Herein, three-dimensional N-doped ordered mesoporous carbon (3D N-OMC) was first prepared with silica as a template via pyrolysis with assistance of dicyandiamide as a N-doping agent, combined by full adsorption of platinum (II) acetylacetonate (Pt(acac) 2 ) and iron (II) phthalocyanine (FePc) via π-π interactions. After further pyrolysis of the resulting mixture, many PtFe nanoparticles were efficiently incorporated in 3D N-OMC (termed as PtFe@3D N-OMC for simplicity). Control experiments were certificated the important role of the pyrolysis temperature played in this synthesis. The resultant composite synergistically combines advantages of hierarchically accessible surfaces, highly open structure, and well-dispersed PtFe particles, which endow the PtFe@3D N-OMC with onset and half-wave potentials of 0.98 and 0.86 V in alkaline media, respectively, showing appealing catalytic activity for the ORR. Most significantly, the PtFe@3D N-OMC based Zn-air battery has a high power density of 80.57 mW cm −2 and long-term durability (220 h, 660 cycles). This work opens a new avenue for design of high-efficiency and durable ORR electrocatalysts in energy conversion and storage systems.
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