ACS Omega
·
2019
·
IF 2.584
Xinru Mu,Ganyu Zhu,Xu Li,Shaopeng Li,Xiaokang Gong,Huiquan Li,Guoxin Sun
Wet-process phosphoric acid is a fundamental process in the fertilizer industry. The influence of impurities on crystallization kinetics of CaSO4 was investigated in the Ca(H2PO4)2–H2SO4–H3PO4–H2O system using a mixed suspension mixed product removal crystallizer. Effects of Si, Al, Fe, Mg, K, and Na on crystal morphology and structure were examined in the highly acidic system through scanning electron microscopy and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy. Results show that the increase of Mg, K, and Na content facilitates crystal growth. Si, Al, and Fe are beneficial to CaSO4 crystal growth at a certain concentration range. Impurities also affect the crystal morphology, and the addition of Si, Fe, and Na promotes the formation of needle-like crystals compared with other impurities. X-ray diffraction results show that the preferred crystal growth direction is (020), and the interplanar spacing of the crystals is affected by the element radius of the impurities.
研究领域:
化学工程
·
材料科学
✓ 已验证
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
·
2016
·
IF 4.917
Yuanyuan Sun,Hong Li,Guangci Li,Baoyu Gao,Qinyan Yue,Xuebing Li
As biomass wastes, Arundo donax Linn and pomelo peel were used as precursors for activated carbons (ALAC and PPAC) preparation by phosphoric acid activation. The pore structure and surface acidic functional groups of both carbons were characterized by nitrogen adsorption/desorption experiment, NH 3 -temperature-programmed desorption (NH 3 -TPD) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). A batch of experiments was carried out to investigate the adsorption performances of ciprofloxacin under different conditions. Results showed that PPAC exhibited larger surface area (1252 m 2 /g) and larger portion of mesoporous, while ALAC was typical of microporous materials. Results from NH 3 -TPD suggested that ALAC was characteristic of more acidic functional group than PPAC. The maximum monolayer adsorption capability was 244 mg/g for ALAC and 400 mg/L for PPAC. Kinetics studies showed intra-particle diffusion was not the unique rate-controlling step. Boundary layer resistance existed between adsorbent and adsorbate.
研究领域:
环境科学
·
材料科学
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS
·
2023
·
IF 5.9
Bo Wang,Kai Li,Cheng-bo Zhang,Ting Huang,Ti-peng Wang,Qiang Lu
A series of regenerated cellulose (RC) were prepared by a H 3 PO 4 -H 2 O system with different H 3 PO 4 concentrations. The effects of H 3 PO 4 concentrations on the physicochemical properties of RCs were studied, including crystallinity index (CrI), hydrogen bond energy (E H ), accessibility, and degree of polymerization (DP). The catalytic pyrolysis experiments of RCs were executed with a pyrolysis-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (Py-GC/MS) instrument and a lab-scale device, to investigate the regulatory function of cellulose structure on the LGO formation. The results indicated that the H 3 PO 4 -H 2 O system could transform the cellulose crystal form from Ⅰ to amorphous form, reduce its CrI and E H significantly, improve its accessibility, while had slight effects on the DP. These changes made RC more appropriate for the selective preparation of LGO, and the corresponding optimal catalyst loading and pyrolytic temperature were also decreased significantly. With phosphoric acid activated carbon as the catalyst, the highest yield of LGO from RC in Py-GC/MS experiments reached 21.50 wt% at catalyst/cellulose (Cat/Cel) ratio of 1/5 and 270 °C, which was much higher than the 18.16 wt% of LGO gained from untreated cellulose at Cat/Cel ratio of 1/3 and 300 °C. In the lab-scale device, the maximum LGO yield from RC was 17.09 wt% at 270 °C and Cat/Cel ratio of 1/6.
研究领域:
生物质能
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化学工程
·
材料科学
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DOI
高影响因子
APPLIED CATALYSIS A-GENERAL
·
2024
·
IF 4.7
Yue Li,Huan Ren,Daolai Sun,Xinqiang Zhao
Vapor-phase catalytic deoxydehydration of 1,2-propanediol (1,2-PDO) to form propylene was performed over various metal-loaded catalysts in an H 2 flow at an ambient pressure. Cu-based catalysts exhibited a relatively high activity for the formation of propylene, while other metal-based catalysts, such as Pt-, Ru-, Rh-, Ni-, and Co-loaded SiO 2 -Al 2 O 3 , primarily produced C-C bond cleavage products. Cu-loaded H 3 PO 4 /SiO 2 -Al 2 O 3 catalysts showed the best catalytic performance, and the catalyst with a Cu and H 3 PO 4 loading of 8 and 10 wt%, respectively, could provide a propylene selectivity of 95.0% with a complete conversion of 1,2-PDO at 280 °C. The Cu-loaded H 3 PO 4 /SiO 2 -Al 2 O 3 catalysts primarily contained Lewis acid sites, and the Cu particles were well dispersed on the catalyst surface with an averaged particle size of 3.1 nm. It is proposed that the vapor-phase deoxydehydration of 1,2-PDO to propylene undergoes multi-step reactions with propanal and 1-propanol as the reaction intermediates.
研究领域:
催化化学
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材料科学
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DOI
高影响因子
CHEMOSPHERE
·
2021
·
IF 7.086
Kexin Chen,Danni Ma,Haoyang Yu,Shan Zhang,Barnabas C. Seyler,Zimo Chai,Shuming Peng
Biochar has been widely recognized as an environmentally efficient adsorbent for removing heavy metals. However, considering the weak adsorption performance of the original biochar to the oxygen-containing anion, the adsorption of vanadium by biochar has rarely been investigated. This study proposes that H 3 PO 4 activated biochar made from an invasive plant species growing near mines is a novel material to be investigated for V(V) recovery and reuse. As a noxious, invasive plant, Lantana camara L. (LC) has become widely naturalized around the world. Biochar was prepared from LC by pyrolysis at different conditions (200 °C, 350 °C, 500 °C, and 650 °C). The adsorption effect of biochar with and without P pretreatment on V(V) in aqueous solution was compared. The results show that biochar prepared from LC impregnated with H 3 PO 4 (MLBC) had the highest adsorption capacity at 500 °C, and the maximal adsorption capacity fitted by Langmuir model was 77.38 mg g −1 , which was considerably higher than that of untreated biochar (LBC, 5.89 mg g −1 ). The adsorption procedure was substantially fitted by the Langmuir isotherm and the pseudo-second-order kinetic. Additionally, the interaction of V(V) on MLBC is pH-dependent, and slightly acidic conditions are more favorable for adsorption. The characterization results indicated that electrostatic interaction, complexation reaction, and redox reaction were the primary mechanisms. After three cycles of adsorption, the final maximal adsorption capacity of MLBC remained at 76.03% of that of the virgin sample, demonstrating that MLBC had a recyclable capability to eliminate and restore V(V) from aqueous solutions.
研究领域:
环境科学
·
材料科学
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
WASTE MANAGEMENT
·
2018
·
IF 4.723
Junqiang Zhang,Zhishuai Wang,Tong Li,Zhi Wang,Shu Zhang,Mei Zhong,Yue'e Liu,Xuzhong Gong
CaO-containing carbon pellets (CCCP) was prepared by mixing carbide slag (Ca(OH) 2 ) and powdered char to produce CaC 2 , achieving the recycling of carbide slag during CaC 2 production process. The thermal strength of CCCP was the focus of most attention when employing arc furnaces as reactors for CaC 2 production in industry. To improve the thermal strength of CCCP, H 3 PO 4 was used as a binder in this study. The results indicated that Ca 3 (PO 4 ) 2 reacted by H 3 PO 4 and Ca(OH) 2 could help refine the average particle sizes of CaO, resulted in a relatively uniform pore diameter distribution of CCCP with low porosity, therefore improving the thermal strength of CCCP. When H 3 PO 4 content was more than 8 wt%, some over-sintering and melting structure for CaO particles appear, and thus resulting in the decrease in thermal strength of CCCP. The experimental results show that CCCP with 3% H 3 PO 4 has the best thermal strength at 1100 °C. The non-isothermal shrinkage kinetics of CCCP indicated that the addition of 3% H 3 PO 4 reduced the apparent activation energy of sintering reactions and accelerated the sintering of CaO particles in CCCP. Furthermore, the addition of H 3 PO 4 has a positive effect on the formation of CaO sintered necks, enhancing the strength of CCCP.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
化学工程
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Particuology
·
2022
·
IF 3.251
Jinbo Ouyang,Jian Chen,Wenqian Chen,Limin Zhou,Di Cai,Cong Ren
Biochars were prepared by the pyrolysis of various H 3 PO 4 activated agricultural biomasses at 600 °C and subsequently used as adsorbents for the removal of ciprofloxacin (CIP) from aqueous solution. Peanut shell-based biochar (PSBC), corncob-based biochar (CCBC) and cotton-based biochar (CTBC) had high surface areas (571.0–1006.3 m 2 /g), well-developed pore structures (mesopores with large pore volumes) and available adsorption functional groups (C=C, C–N and C–O–C). The CIP adsorption onto the biochars was investigated by batch experiments (kinetics, isotherms, thermodynamics, pH, etc.). Thermodynamics calculations showed the spontaneous (Δ G θ <0) and endothermic (Δ H θ >0) nature of the mechanism. In particular, CCBC exhibited high adsorption capacity (120.6 mg/g) of CIP in real lake water and it also had significant removal efficiency of other common pharmaceutical contaminants from real lake environment, and even in a coexisting quintuple system. Finally, multiple interaction mechanisms of CIP adsorption onto aromatized biochar were explored combining characterization analysis and theoretical calculations. Elucidation of the mechanism of CIP adsorption onto biochar provides new insights into the assessment of the removal of pharmaceuticals from the aqueous environment.
研究领域:
环境科学
·
化学工程
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DOI
高影响因子
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
·
2023
·
IF 8.9
Jia Xie,Minghua Liu,Miao He,Yifan Liu,Jian Li,Fangxia Yu,Yuancai Lv,Chunxiang Lin,Xiaoxia Ye
Developing safe and efficient diclofenac sodium (DS) removal technology has become a critical issue. This study synthesized the fish-scale biochar by co-pyrolysis of fish scale and phosphoric acid (H 3 PO 4 ). In addition to increasing the specific surface area and pore volume of fish-scale biochar, H 3 PO 4 assisted in the formation of Graphitic N and sp 2 C, as well as reacting with C═O groups to form a significant number of phosphorus-containing groups. All these functional groups could act as major active sites for DS adsorption. Adsorption data could well fit pseudo-second-order and Langmuir models. The maximum adsorption capacity of FSB 600-15 for DS was 967.1 mg g −1 , which was much better than that reported in the literature. Under the synergistic effect of various mechanisms (pore-filling effect, electrostatic attraction, H-bonding, π-π, and n-π electron donor-acceptor interactions), the DS ultra-efficient adsorption on FSB 600-15 was realized. Meanwhile, the DS adsorption by FSB 600-15 was an endothermic, spontaneous, and entropy-increasing process. Furthermore, the DS adsorption capacity was more than 426.5 mg g −1 in the actual water, which was sufficient for practical applications.
研究领域:
环境科学
·
化学工程
·
材料科学
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
·
2021
·
IF 7.312
Jian Chen,Jinbo Ouyang,Xionghui Cai,Xiaohong Xing,Limin Zhou,Zhirong Liu,Di Cai
The removal of ciprofloxacin (CIP) from aqueous system is of great significance for water treatment. Here, millimeter-sized sodium alginate/H 3 PO 4 activated corncob-based biochar composite beads (SA-PB) were prepared by a facile phase inversion method. These beads were characterized with SEM, EDS, FTIR, XRD and Raman. Results showed that SA-PB beads were successfully prepared and endowed the merits from alginate and biochar. SA-PB containing 80 wt% PB (SA-PB80) exhibited excellent CIP sorption capacity, which is much higher than pure SA and those containing 20 wt% and 50 wt% PB. Kinetic results showed that the sorption process could be fitted to pseudo-second-order model. The isotherm data indicated that sorption behavior conformed to the Langmuir model. Furthermore, SA-PB exhibited high tolerance to ionic strength and favorable reusability, and SA-PB also has plentiful desirable advantages such as biodegradability, economy and easily separable for solid-liquid system as well as its efficient CIP capture performance.
研究领域:
环境科学
·
材料科学
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
ELECTROCHIMICA ACTA
·
2025
·
IF 5.6
Xiaoping Fan,Kui Liu,Chunfeng Sun,Jiasheng Wang,Hongqiang Wang,Youguo Huang,Qingyu Li,Fenghua Zheng,Peng Xi
Although hydrometallurgy is the primary method for recycling spent lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), handling the waste liquid produced during the leaching process remains a challenge due to the additional procedures and costs involved. This study presents an efficient, closed-loop recycling process for spent LiMn 2 O 4 (LMO) batteries. The waste LMO powders were initially leached with H 3 PO 4 and citric acid (CA) to obtain the leachate containing Li + , Mn 2+ , PO 4 3− and citrate ions. The metal ions leached into the solution are complexed by CA, achieving complete leaching of LMO. The H 3 PO 4 and CA provide both PO 4 3− and carbon sources for subsequent product preparation, minimizing resource waste and secondary pollution. The molar ratio of Li:Mn:Fe:PO 4 3− in the leachate was adjusted to 1:0.75:0.25:1, and LiMn 0.75 Fe 0.25 PO 4 (LMFP) with excellent performance was regenerated by spray drying and calcination. The regenerated LMFP-650 exhibited a capacity retention rate of 89.7% after 500 cycles, significantly improving the structural stability and cycling performance of LMO. This green, closed-loop recycling process prevents secondary pollution and promotes the sustainable development of the battery industry.
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高影响因子
CLAYS AND CLAY MINERALS
·
2022
·Vol. 70
·期 3
·460-479
·
IF 2.207
Yu Wei Hua,Zhu Bao,Tong Dong Shen,Deng Kai,Fu Chao Peng,Huang Tian Hao,Zhou Chun Hui
Montmorillonite (Mnt)-based solid acids have a wide range of applications in catalysis and adsorption of pollutants. For such solid acids, the acidic characteristic often plays a significant role in these applications. The objective of the current study was to examine the effects of H 3 PO 4 -activation and supporting WO 3 on the textural structure and surface acidic properties of Mnt. The Mnt-based solid acid materials were prepared by H 3 PO 4 treatment and an impregnation method with a solution of ammonium metatungstate (AMT) and were examined as catalysts in the dehydration of glycerol to acrolein. The catalysts were characterized by nitrogen adsorption-desorption, powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, scanning electronic microscopy (SEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), diffuse reflectance ultraviolet-visible (DR UV-Vis) spectroscopy, temperature programmed desorption of NH 3 (NH 3 -TPD), diffuse reflectance Fourier-transform infrared (DR FTIR) spectroscopy of adsorbed pyridine, and thermogravimetric (TG) analyses. The phosphoric acid treatment of Mnt created Brönsted and Lewis acid sites and led to increases in specific surface areas, porosity, and acidity. WO 3 species influenced total acidity, acid strength, the numbers of Brönsted and Lewis acid sites, and catalytic performances. A high turnover frequency (TOF) value (31.2 h −1 ) based on a maximal 60.7% yield of acrolein was reached. The correlation of acrolein yield with acidic properties indicated that the cooperative role of Brönsted and Lewis acid sites was beneficial to the formation of acrolein and a little coke deposition (<3.3 wt.%). This work provides a new idea for the design of solid acid catalysts with cooperative Brönsted and Lewis acidity for the dehydration of glycerol.
研究领域:
催化化学
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材料科学
·
环境工程
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
·
2020
·
IF 10.652
Zhuang Wang,Asad Mahmood,Xiaofeng Xie,Xiao Wang,Hanxun Qiu,Jing Sun
For the oxide-based photocatalysts, polyoxylic acid modification can affect their adsorption/desorption properties and further regulate photocatalytic reaction pathway, which is crucial for enhancing photocatalytic activity and selectivity. Herein, phosphoric acid modified TiO 2 was synthesized by a facile impregnation-calcination method for photocatalytic degradation of gaseous o-xylene. According to FTIR, XPS, and EDS analysis, phosphoric acid was anchored on the surface of TiO 2 successfully. The surface P atomic percentages for PT1 was 2.45%. The as-prepared phosphoric acid modified TiO 2 (PTx) had a photocatalytic performance superior to that of commercial TiO 2 and unmodified TiO 2 (PT0), with increasing by 2.2 times at most. Interestingly, the phosphoric acid molecules strongly adsorbed on anatase TiO 2 surface by forming H–O 2C and =O–Ti 5C chemical bonds according to the first principle calculations, which changed TiO 2 surface properties (specific surface area and surface negative electrostatic field) and further improved adsorption and charge carrier separation and transfer, thus improving the photocatalytic activity. Additionally, according to the intermediates results, the relative abundance of intermediates shows obvious difference. Acetone was detected as the most abundant intermediates during o-xylene degradation for PT0, whereas that was o-methyl benzaldehyde for PT1, which could be ascribed to the difference of surface adsorption configuration of o-xylene. According to the temperature-programmed desorption (TPD) results, the surface modified by phosphoric acid could change the o-xylene adsorption configuration to favor its methyl oxidation (standing configuration), whereas the unmodified surface could be more favorable to the benzene ring-open reaction (lying configuration). This work will deepen the understanding of the relevance of surface modification and surface photocatalytic reaction, which also provides a feasible strategy to improve photocatalytic selectivity.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
环境科学
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DOI
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）