JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE
·
2017
·Vol. 135
·期 14
·46132
·
IF 1.86
Jiarong He,Haoxiang Zhong,Lingzhi Zhang
Terpene resin (TS) emulsion has been adopted as a tackifier in lithium polyacrylate (PAALi) as water-soluble binder for LiFePO 4 (LFP) cathode in Li-ion batteries. TS–PAALi composite binder with optimal ratio of 1:1 (denoted as TS1–PAALi1), shows improved flexibility and enhanced adhesion capability of 0.170 N/cm in comparison with 0.120 N/cm of PAALi after introducing TS as adhesion enhancing agent, which is comparable with that of nonaqueous poly(vinylidene difluoride) (PVDF, 0.171 N/cm) and much better than aqueous sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC, 0.045 N/cm). The electrochemical characteristics of LFP with TS1–PAALi1 have been investigated and further compared with those of PAALi, CMC, and PVDF. LFP with TS1–PAALi1 exhibits superior cycling stability and rate capability, maintaining 65.57% capacity of 0.2 C at 5 C rate in comparison with 60.73%, 57.83%, and 34.79% for PAALi, CMC, and PVDF, respectively. In addition, LFP with TS1–PAALi1 displays excellent cycling performance almost without any capacity fading at 60 °C after 45 cycles at 1 C, much better than that of PAALi, CMC, and PVDF. Cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy reveal that LFP with TS1–PAALi1 has a smaller redox potential difference, lower electrode polarization, and a more favorable electrochemical kinetics (fast lithium diffusion rate) than that of PAALi, CMC, and PVDF, thus more superior electrochemical performances. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2018 , 135 , 46132.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
电化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING SCIENCE
·
2024
·
IF 4.1
Huixiang Zhou,Qian Hu,Liqing Li,Xin Ma,Zhanfang Cao
LiFePO 4 batteries are becoming more widely used due to their low cost and high stability advantages, which means that many spent batteries are generated. Designing green and efficient recycling methods for used batteries is strategically significant for the sustainable development of the new energy industry. This study innovatively proposes a self-activated advanced oxidation process with peroxyacetic acid for recycling spent LiFePO 4 , selectively releasing Li + while converting LiFePO 4 to FePO 4 . Quenching tests show that the de-embedding of Li + is mainly caused by the rapid attack from HO• and R-O• radicals. Furthermore, the recycled products Li 2 CO 3 and FePO 4 are employed to regenerate LiFePO 4 cathode materials, forming a closed-loop recycling process. Compared with traditional hydrometallurgy and hydrogen peroxide oxidation methods, this technology has obvious advantages in terms of process complexity, energy consumption, reagent consumption, recovery profit, and environmental friendliness. This work opens up a new way for the recycling of spent lithium-ion batteries.
研究领域:
环境科学
·
材料科学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
IONICS
·
2013
·Vol. 20
·期 6
·789-794
·
IF 1.674
Cui Xiaoling,Zhang Hongming,Li Shiyou,Li Xiaotong,Feng Huixia
Lithium bis(oxalate)borate (LiBOB) is a promising salt for lithium-ion batteries. However, it is necessary to exert the electrochemical performance of LiBOB by the appropriate solvent. With dimethyl sulfite (DMS) as mixed solvents, the electrochemical behavior of γ -butyrolactone (GBL) with LiBOB is studied in this paper. It shows that LiBOB-GBL/DMS electrolyte has high oxidation potential (>5.3 V) and satisfactory conductivities. When used in lithium and mesophase carbon microbead cells, the novel electrolyte exhibits not only excellent film-forming characteristics but also low impedances of the interface films. Besides, when used in LiFeO 4 /Li cells, compared to the cell with the electrolyte system of 1 mol L −1 LiPF 6 –ethylene carbonate (EC)/dimethyl carbonate (DMC) (1:1, v/v), LiBOB-based electrolyte exhibits several advantages, such as more stable cycle performance at room temperature and higher mean voltage.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
电化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
ELECTROCHIMICA ACTA
·
2015
·
IF 4.504
Xing Xu,Yunlong Xu,Huang Zhang,Mandi Ji,Hui Dong
The NiO doped LiFePO 4 /C composite was synthesized by a simple solid state method. The structure and morphology of synthesized particles were characterized by XRD, Raman spectrum , SEM, TEM and EDS. Electrochemical performance of the pristine and nickel oxide modified samples was evaluated by galvanostatic charge-discharge test, CV , and EIS . The results indicate that NiO doped LiFePO 4 /Li type coin cell exhibits improved specific capacity and cycle stability, especially at high rates. Among all the modified samples, the 5.0%wt NiO doped sample shows the best electrochemical performance, which achieves a specific capacity of 129 mA h g −1 at 1 C current rate due to the modest graphitization of carbon layer on the surface of LiFePO 4 particles. The results indicate that nickel oxide modification is an effective way to improve the electrochemical performance of LiFePO 4 /C cathode materials for lithium ion batteries .
研究领域:
材料科学
·
电化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
·
2024
·
IF 11.2
Hao Xu,Shuai Liu,Zhiang Li,Fan Ding,Weimin Wang,Kaikai Song,Ting Liu,Lina Hu
All-solid-state lithium batteries (ASSLBs) are important for enhancing safety across various applications related to lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). Lithium iron phosphate (LiFePO 4 ) is a widely utilized commercial cathode in LIBs, prized for its stable cycling performance, thermal stability, and low cost. However, low electronic conductivity and slow ion diffusion kinetics limit its application at high rates and low temperatures. Herein, Ti 3 C 2 T x MXene nanosheets (NSs) are introduced into the LiFePO 4 cathode. The continuous electron-conducting networks are constructed due to the high electrical conductivity of Ti 3 C 2 T x NSs. Meanwhile, the coordination environment of lithium ions in the cathode is weakened by the oxygenated end groups of Ti 3 C 2 T x NSs, and thus efficient ion-percolating networks are constructed. Therefore, the ionic and electronic conductivities of the modified cathode are significantly improved. Assembled all-solid-state LiFePO 4 /Li full cells with poly(ethylene oxide) as electrolyte exhibits high initial discharged capacities of 91.5 mAh g −1 at 10 C, and capacities of 155.1 mAh g −1 after 1000 cycles at 1 C with a retention rate of 93.8%. Furthermore, the cells still deliver excellent performance at high loading, room temperature, and low temperature. This work offers a facile and scalable strategy for designing high-performance ASSLBs.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
能源存储与转换
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
CHINESE JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
·
2024
·
IF 3.7
Xiaoming Zhang,Wen Xie,Xiaolei Zhou,Wenjie Zhang,Jiawei Wen,Xin Wang,Guoyong Huang,Shengming Xu
A green environmental protection and enhanced leaching process was proposed to recover all elements from spent lithium iron phosphate (LiFePO 4 ) lithium batteries. In order to reduce the influence of Al impurity in the recovery process, NaOH was used to remove impurity. After impurity removal, the spent LiFePO 4 cathode material was used as raw material under the H 2 SO 4 system, and the pressure oxidation leaching process was adopted to achieve the preferential leaching of lithium. The E-pH diagram of the Fe-P-Al-H 2 O system can determine the stable region of each element in the recovery process of spent LiFePO 4 Li-batteries. Under the optimal conditions (500 r·min –1 , 15 h, 363.15 K, 0.4 MPa, the liquid-solid ratio was 4:1 ml·g –1 and the acid-material ratio was 0.29), the leaching rate of Li was 99.24%, Fe, Al and Ti were 0.10%, 2.07% and 0.03%, respectively. The Fe and P were precipitated and recovered as FePO 4 ∙2H 2 O. The kinetic analysis shows that the process of high-pressure acid leaching of spent LiFePO 4 materials depends on the surface chemical reaction. Through the life cycle assessment (LCA) of the spent LiFePO 4 whole recovery process, eight midpoint impact categories were selected to assess the impact of recovery process. The results can provide basic environmental information on production process for recycling industry.
研究领域:
环境科学
·
冶金工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF NANOSCIENCE AND NANOTECHNOLOGY
·
2016
·Vol. 16
·期 1
·588-594
·
IF 1.338
Xu Lihuan,Huang Qifei,Su Chang,Zhu Xiaogang,He Huihui,Zhang Cheng
In this paper, LiFePO4 samples were synthesized in the water/ethanol mixture solvent environment with different volume ratio of water/ethanol, and the effects of different solvent environment (different water/ethanol ratio) on the morphology, the crystal structure and the
cell performances were studied in detail. The prepared samples were investigated comparatively by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and various electrochemical testing techniques. The results showed that the water/ethanol ratio
seriously affected the crystal structure, the micro-morphologies and the electrochemical properties of the resulting LiFePO4-based electro-active material. And the growth of [010] direction of LiFePO4 crystal was limited with the increase of alcohol proportion in the
mixed solvent, while the size of obtained particles became small in the same process. In addition, LiFePO4 samples obtained at high alcohol content presented the improved specific capacity and rate performances. Specially, the LFP-D electrode displayed the discharge capacity of
153.2 mAh·g−1 at the rate of 0.1 C and the improved rate performance of 150.6, 143.6, 133.8, 121.4, 99.5 and 78.2 mAh·g−1 at 0.2 C, 0.5 C, 1 C, 2 C, 5 C and 10 C, respectively.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
电化学
·
能源存储
·
无机化学
·
纳米材料
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
ADVANCED MATERIALS
·
2022
·Vol. 35
·期 5
·2208034
·
IF 32.086
Kai Jia,Jun Ma,Junxiong Wang,Zheng Liang,Guanjun Ji,Zhihong Piao,Runhua Gao,Yanfei Zhu,Zhaofeng Zhuang,Guangmin Zhou,Hui-Ming Cheng
A large amount of spent LiFePO 4 (LFP) has been produced in recent years because it is one of the most widely used cathode materials for electric vehicles. The traditional hydrometallurgical and pyrometallurgical recycling methods are doubted because of the economic and environmental benefits; the direct regeneration method is considered a promising way to recycle spent LFP. However, the performance of regenerated LFP by direct recycling is not ideal due to the migration of Fe ions during cycling and irreversible phase transition caused by sluggish Li + diffusion. The key to addressing the challenge is to immobilize Fe atoms in the lattice and improve the Li + migration capability during cycling. In this work, spent LFP is regenerated by using environmentally friendly ethanol, and its cycling stability is promoted by elevating the d-band center of Fe atoms via construction of a heterogeneous interface between LFP and nitrogen-doped carbon. The Fe O bonding is strengthened and the migration of Fe ions during cycling is suppressed due to the elevated d-band center. The Li + diffusion kinetics in the regenerated LFP are improved, leading to an excellent reversibility of the phase transition. Therefore, the regenerated LFP exhibits an ultrastable cycling performance at a high rate of 10 C with ≈80% capacity retention after 1000 cycles.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
环境科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Journal of Cleaner Production
·
2025
·
IF 10
Hairu Cao,Qi Wang,Jianing Zhang,Juezhi Yu,Kaifeng Yu,Feifei Zhang
In recent years, the strong demand for electronic products and new energy vehicles has stimulated the large-scale production of lithium-ion batteries. As these batteries reach the end of their service life, the imperative for industrial-scale recycling has garnered global attention. At present, prevailing recycling methods, predominantly rooted in hydrometallurgy and pyrometallurgy, entail intricate procedures and substantial chemical consumption. Here, we present an innovative and economical approach for the recycling of spent LiFePO 4 materials. By virtue of a novel high-throughput electrochemical flow cell, spent LiFePO 4 battery materials are continuously decomposed into valuable chemicals. FeCl 3 and its complexes with glycine, malonic acid, malic acid, and xylitol (the ratio of FeCl 3 to ligand is 1:4) were selected as redox mediators. The redox mediators involved in the reaction are instantly regenerated on the anode for subsequent rounds of reactions, while Li + ions are extracted from the LiFePO 4 and concentrated in the cathode side, conjunction with H 2 generation. Through comprehensive analysis of chemical reactions within the reaction tank and the electrochemical reaction rates on the electrode, we demonstrate the superior extraction performance of malonic acid-Fe 3+ . Furthermore, the hydrogen evolution reaction kinetics is boosted by a platinum carbon electrocatalyst. This electrolyzer can operate at a high current density of 200 mA cm −2 , significantly reducing the reaction time for recycling 1 g of LiFePO 4 material to a mere 0.17 h. This substantial enhancement in recycling efficiency not only streamlines the process but also conserves valuable chemical resources.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
环境工程
·
电化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
ACS Applied Nano Materials
·
2025
·
IF 5.5
Haodong Zhang,Xin Ye,Shaoyang Wu,Fan Wu,Yiming Zhang,Zhengping Ding,Yurong Ren,Peng Wei
As a mainstream commercial cathode material for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), LiFePO4 (LFP) is still limited by its inherently low electronic conductivity and slow diffusion kinetics. Therefore, a unique and innovative synthesis strategy must be devised to overcome these deficiencies. Hereby, we successfully synthesized N,F co-doped carbon encapsulated hollow LFP nanoshuttles (LFP-NFC) using an iron-based metal–organic framework (Fe-MOF) as the precursor. Benefitting from the hollow and porous structure derived from Fe-MOF, as-synthesized LFP-NFC effectively shortens the lithium-ion diffusion path and accelerates the ion diffusion speed. Moreover, the carbon layer doped with N and F heteroatoms induces more active sites for lithium storage and improves the electronic conductivity. The optimized LFP-NFC exhibits excellent electrochemical performance with a specific discharge capacity of 162.74 mAh g–1 at 0.1 C and a superior rate capability (102 mAh g–1 even at 10 C).
研究领域:
材料科学
·
能源存储
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
CERAMICS INTERNATIONAL
·
2025
·
IF 5.6
Xianjie Liu,Mingyong Liu,Mengyao Yang,Jiahang Fan,Zijiao Guo,Fankai Lin,Qianchao Ma,Yifei Liu,Xin Min,Zhaohui Huang
In this work, the carbon composites were first produced using low-cost electrically calcined anthracite and resource-utilized waste graphite electrode fine powders as raw materials. The strength and toughness of the composite materials were enhanced by introducing carbon fibers as a reinforced phase. The influences of the addition of carbon fibers on the properties of the samples were investigated. The thermal shock stability of the samples was evaluated by the water rapid cooling method, and the LiFePO 4 (LFP) corrosion resistance of the samples was examined using the static crucible method. The results exhibited that the sample (CF-0.15) with 0.15 wt% carbon fiber addition performed favorable physical properties and optimum mechanical strength. Its apparent porosity was 12.10 %, cold modulus of rupture (CMOR) was 11.95 MPa, cold crushing strength (CCS) was 33.37 MPa, and fracture toughness was 697.67 kPa m 1/2 . The residual cold modulus of rupture of CF-0.15 sample was 10.08 MPa and the residual strength ratio was 84.42 % after three thermal shocks at 1000 °C. The presence of carbon fibers provided bridging and pull-out effects, which improved the strength and toughness of the samples. This promotes the dispersion and absorption of thermal stresses in the samples during cycle thermal shock, resulting in the deflection of internal cracks to prevent further damage. The samples presented excellent corrosion resistance in the LFP erosion experiments, demonstrating significant potential to facilitate the development of the lithium battery industry.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
能源材料
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
WASTE MANAGEMENT
·
2019
·
IF 5.431
Li Li,Yifan Bian,Xiaoxiao Zhang,Ying Yao,Qing Xue,Ersha Fan,Feng Wu,Renjie Chen
Nowadays LiFePO 4 cathode develops rapidly for its advantages of long life span, low cost and non-toxicity, especially in electrical vehicle markets. Because of its stable olivine structure, LiFePO 4 is difficult to be recycled by the conventional hydrometallurgical processes as for LiCoO 2 or LiNi x Co y Mn z O 2 . Pyrometallurgical processes consume much energy and release toxic gases. Herein, an effective room-temperature process based on the mechanochemical treatment is proposed to extract metals from LiFePO 4 . Spent LiFePO 4 is co-grinded with low-cost citric acid agent in a ball mill. After grinding, the mixture is dissolved in deionized water and filtrated. With addition of H 2 O 2 , the extraction efficiency of Li reaches as high as 99.35%. Conversely, Fe is hardly extracted with a low extraction efficiency of only 3.86%, indicating a selective recovery of valuable Li element. In addition, when H 2 O is used instead of H 2 O 2 , the mechanochemical reaction changes and the extraction efficiencies of Li and Fe at optimal conditions reach 97.82% and 95.62%, respectively. The Fe impurity is removed as Fe(OH) 3 precipitation by adding NaOH, and Li is recycled as Li 2 CO 3 after reaction with saturated Na 2 CO 3 at 95 °C. This simple and easily-operated process has little negative impact on the environment and has great potential in industrial applications.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
环境科学
·
能源技术
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）