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Advanced Healthcare Materials · 2025 · IF 9.6

Exogenous M2 Macrophage-Loaded Scaffolds Promote Early Periodontal Regeneration by Improving Osteogenic Differentiation, Cell Homing, and Angiogenesis

Zhenhui Liao,Lu Liang,Hao Fang,Yumei Cui,Cun Liang,Guobin Huang,Zichao Dai,Zijun Song,Hefeng Yang,Jinhui Huang

Manipulating the immune microenvironment (including the macrophage phenotype) by tissue implants is an important direction in the field of tissue regeneration. This study reports a macrophage-loaded hybrid scaffold construction to improve the response efficiency of implant–macrophage–tissue regeneration axis and precisely polarize macrophages toward the pro-regenerative M2 phenotype in vitro, and constructed an M2 macrophage-loaded hybrid scaffold. The feasibility of using a macrophage-loaded hybrid scaffold for immune-mediated periodontal regeneration is studied in vivo and in vitro. The results illustrate that the M2 macrophage-loaded hybrid scaffolds promoted the osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) in vitro and promoted cell recruitment and angiogenesis in vivo to perform well in early in vivo osteogenesis. The macrophage-loaded hybrid scaffold proposed in this study plays an important role in promoting periodontal regeneration, which enriches the theory and strategy of macrophage phenotype regulation-mediated periodontal regeneration, and provides inspiration and reference for using macrophage-loaded hybrid scaffolds in regenerating other tissues.

CAS / MDL: 24980-41-4 9001-62-1
研究领域: 组织工程 · 免疫学 · 牙科医学 · 再生医学 · 细胞生物学
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ACS Applied Bio Materials · 2020 · IF 0

Intramembranous Ossification Imitation Scaffold with the Function of Macrophage Polarization for Promoting Critical Bone Defect Repair

Ying Tang,Yang Chen,Liyuan Huang,Fan Gao,Hualing Sun,Cui Huang

The regeneration of craniofacial bone defects remains a crucial clinical challenge. To date, numerous biomaterials are applied in this field. However, current strategies have ignored the importance of intramembranous ossification and the vital role of macrophages in regulating osteogenesis. Here, an osteoblast (OB)-targeting peptide (SDSSD)-modified chitosan scaffold (CS-SDSSD) is developed for imitating the physiological process of bone development from the fibrous membrane. The addition of free peptide (fSDSSD) can recruit host OBs, and the peptide grafted on the scaffold (CS-SDSSD) can well organize the migrated OBs by binding with their surface periostin. Besides, macrophage polarization is found in the bone defects. CS-SDSSD + fSDSSD displays advantages in prioritizing M2 macrophage polarization and promoting the intramembranous ossification bone repair process. In summary, our strategy provides an economical and effective path for craniofacial bone repair and holds great potential for biomedical applications.

研究领域: 生物材料 · 组织工程 · 再生医学 · 生物医学工程 · 骨科
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MOLECULAR NEUROBIOLOGY · 2024 · IF 4.6

SLC15A3 is transcriptionally regulated by HIF1α and p65 to worsen neuroinflammation in experimental ischemic stroke

Yu Shan,Yang Jinghui,Zhang Rui,Guo Qian,Wang Lu

Systemic inflammatory stimulus is a risk factor for the incidence of ischemic stroke and contributes to poorer clinical outcomes. Solute carrier 15A3 (SLC15A3) is a peptide/histidine transporter that is implicated in regulating inflammatory responses. However, whether SLC15A3 affects the progression of ischemic stroke associated with systemic inflammation is unclear. The transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO) mice with LPS administration (LPS/tMCAO) were prepared as an in vivo model, and LPS-induced BV2 cells under oxygen–glucose deprivation (OGD) exposure were utilized as an in vitro model. We found that SLC15A3 was highly expressed in the ischemic penumbra of LPS/tMCAO mice, and its inhibition reduced infarct area, attenuated neurological deficit, recovered motor function, and mitigated apoptotic neurons. Knockdown of SLC15A3 suppressed the proinflammatory M1-type markers and promoted the levels of M2-associated genes. The in vitro results confirmed that SLC15A3 overexpression promoted microglia polarizing towards M1 subtypes, while SLC15A3 inhibition exerted an opposite effect. In addition, we demonstrated that the p65 signaling pathway and HIF1α were activated by LPS/OGD. Luciferase reporter assay showed that inhibiting p65 using its specific inhibitor BAY 11–7082 or silencing HIF1α using siRNAs reduced the transcriptional activity of SLC15A3  in LPS/OGD-induced BV2 cells. Results in NIH 3T3 cells also confirmed that p65 and HIF1α directly bound to the SLC15A3 promoter to activate SLC15A3 transcription. In conclusion, this work shows that SLC15A3 , transcriptionally activated by p65 and HIF1α, contributes to poor outcomes in ischemic stroke associated with systemic inflammation by promoting microglial cells polarizing towards M1 types.

研究领域: 神经科学 · 免疫学 · 分子生物学 · 病理生理学
✓ 已验证 产品关联 DOI PubMed 高影响因子
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Theranostics · 2020 · IF 8.579

Amelioration of ulcerative colitis via inflammatory regulation by macrophage-biomimetic nanomedicine

Tianlei Sun,Cheryl H. T. Kwong,Cheng Gao,Jianwen Wei,Ludan Yue,Jianxiang Zhang,Richard Dequan Ye,Ruibing Wang

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is featured with relapsing inflammation in the colon, where macrophages are recruited and polarized locally into M1 type to drive further inflammation. Pharmacotherapy of UC has exhibited limited efficacy, mostly due to the poor specificity. Methods: A macrophage-biomimetic nanomedicine was developed for targeted treatment of UC, which was derived from reactive oxygen species (ROS)-sensitive β-cyclodextrin, loaded with rosiglitazone, and coated with macrophage membrane. The ability of the nanomedicine in regulating macrophage polarization was examined at cellular level, and the macrophage-tropism driven targeted delivery into the inflammatory colon was investigated by ex vivo bio-imaging distribution assay. Furthermore, the nanomedicine's therapeutic efficacy was systemically examined in dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis model in mice. Results: The nanomedicine effectively polarized macrophages to M2 and protected epithelial cells from oxidative stress in vitro . In addition, macrophage-membrane led the nanomedicine to the inflammatory colon with a high targeting efficiency. In response to the elevated ROS in the inflammatory tissue, the nanomedicine released rosiglitazone specifically and regulated macrophage polarization in vivo . Macrophage membrane also assisted inflammation suppression by sequestering proinflammatory cytokines. Working in such a synergy, the nanomedicine exhibited significant therapeutic effects against UC in mice. Conclusions: This macrophage-biomimetic nanomedicine leverages the inflammatory tropism and inflammatory cytokine sequestration effects of macrophage membrane for targeted delivery and local inflammation suppression, the ROS-responsiveness of β-cyclodextrin-based matrix for specific payload release, and the macrophage-polarizing effect of rosiglitazone for inflammatory regulation, thereby exhibiting considerable therapeutic efficacy against UC in mice. This study offers important new insights on the design and development of biomimetic nanomaterials for inflammation regulations.

研究领域: 药理学 · 纳米技术 · 免疫学 · 胃肠病学
✓ 已验证 产品关联 DOI PubMed 高影响因子
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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES · 2023 · IF 8.2

Repairing gastric ulcer with hyaluronic acid/extracellular matrix composite through promoting M2-type polarization of macrophages

Renhao Ni,Yang Luo,Lingjing Jiang,Xufeng Mao,Yuyao Feng,Subinuer Tuersun,Zeming Hu,Yabin Zhu

The treatment of gastric ulcer and perforation using synthetic and biomaterials has been a clinical challenge. In this work, a drug-carrying layer of hyaluronic acid was combined with a gastric submucosal decellularized extracellular matrix called gHECM. The regulation of macrophage polarization by the extracellular matrix's components was then investigated. This work proclaims how gHECM responds to inflammation and aids in the regeneration of the gastric lining by altering the phenotype of surrounding macrophages and stimulating the body's whole immune response. In a nutshell, gHECM promotes tissue regeneration by changing the phenotype of macrophages around the site of injury. In particular, gHECM reduces the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, decreases the percentage of M1 macrophages, and further encourages differentiation of macrophage subpopulation to the M2 phenotype and the release of anti-inflammatory cytokines, which could block the NF-κB pathway. Activated macrophages are capable of immediately delivering through spatial barriers, modulating the peripheral immune system, influencing the inflammatory microenvironment, and ultimately promoting the recovery of inflammation and healing of ulcers. They contribute to the secreted cytokines that act on local tissues or enhance the chemotactic ability of macrophages through paracrine secretion. In this study, we focused on the immunological regulatory network of macrophage polarization to further develop the mechanisms behind this process. Nevertheless, the signaling pathways involved in this process need to be further explored and identified. We think that our research will encourage more investigation into how the decellularized matrix affects immune modulation and will help the decellularized matrix perform better as a new class of natural biomaterials for tissue engineering.

CAS / MDL: 9004-61-9 73590-58-6
研究领域: 组织工程 · 免疫学 · 胃肠病学 · 生物材料
✓ 已验证 产品关联 DOI PubMed 高影响因子
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CELLULAR SIGNALLING · 2023 · IF 4.8

Tumor-secreted GRP78 induces M2 polarization of macrophages by promoting lipid catabolism

Jinmiao Tian,Lichao Zhang,Xiaoqin La,Xiaxia Fan,Aiping Li,Changxin Wu,Yuxuan An,Shuning Yan,Xiushan Dong,Haitao Wu,Zhuoyu Li

Macrophages in hypoxic regions of advanced colorectal tumors often exhibit M2-type features, but prefer oxygen-consuming lipid catabolism , which is contradictory in oxygen demand and supply. In this study, the results from bioinformatics analysis and intestinal lesions immunohistochemistry of 40 colorectal cancer patients illustrated that glucose-regulatory protein 78 (GRP78) was positively correlated with M2 macrophages. Furthermore, tumor-secreted GRP78 could enter macrophages and polarize them to M2-type. Mechanistically, entered GRP78 located in lipid droplets of macrophages, and elevated protein stabilization of adipose triglyceride lipase ATGL by interacting with it to inhibit its ubiquitination . Increased ATGL promoted the hydrolysis of triglycerides and the production of arachidonic acid (ARA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). Excessive ARA and DHA interacted with PPARγ to encourage its activation, which mediated the M2 polarization of macrophages. In summary, our study showed that secreted GRP78 in the tumor hypoxic microenvironment mediated the domestication of tumor cells to macrophages and maintained tumor immunosuppressive microenvironment by promoting lipolysis, and the lipid catabolism not only provides energy for macrophages but also plays an important role in maintenance of immunosuppressive properties.

CAS / MDL: 506-32-1 313516-66-4
研究领域: 肿瘤学 · 免疫学 · 细胞生物学 · 生物化学
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CANCER IMMUNOLOGY IMMUNOTHERAPY · 2025 ·Vol. 74 ·期 3 ·1-17 · IF 5.1

SUMO modified ETV1 promotes M2-polarized tumor-associated macrophage infiltration and cancer progression by facilitating CCL2 transcription in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma cells

Han Tianci,Guo Xiaoqi,Xie Junwei,Tong Wei,Zhang Liang

Objective Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is one of the most common malignant tumors with a high metastasis rate and a poor prognosis. ETS variant transcription factor 1 (ETV1) plays an important role in multiple malignancies. However, its function in ESCC progression and tumor microenvironment (TME) remains to be explored. In this study, we characterized the role of ETV1 in ESCC process and TME. Methods Gene expression and immune infiltration in ESCC samples from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) were analyzed. The expression of ETV1 in clinical samples was detected by real-time PCR, western blot and immunohistochemistry staining. Cell growth was detected by CCK-8 and colony formation assays. Macrophage phenotypes were determined using flow cytometry. Immunofluorescence double staining was used to detect the tumor-associated macrophage (TAM) infiltration. The tumor volume was recorded and weighed. Transcriptional activity was measured using dual-luciferase assay, chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assay and DNA pull-down assay. Results In this study, through analysis of ESCC samples from TCGA database and the clinic, we noticed that ETV1 was highly expressed in ESCC tumor tissues and was associated with TAM infiltration. Overexpression of ETV1 promoted ESCC cell proliferation in vitro and xenograft tumor growth in nude mice, while ETV1 knockdown elicited the opposite effects. Furthermore, ETV1 upregulation in tumor tissues was found to drive M2 macrophage infiltration both in vitro (transwell assays) and in vivo (xenograft tumor models). C–C motif chemokine ligand 2 (CCL2), a key factor inducing M2 macrophage polarization, was also found to be elevated in ESCC tumor tissues. Mechanism study demonstrated that ETV1 facilitated M2 macrophage infiltration via the transcriptional modulation of CCL2. In addition, the cause of the changes in ETV1 activity and expression was investigated. The E2 small ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMO) binding enzyme UBC9 increased ETV1 activity and expression, indicating the presence of SUMO modification in ETV1. Conclusions Our data deciphered the mechanism of ETV1-mediated M2 macrophage infiltration in the TME of ESCC, which has important implications for the development of novel prognostic and therapeutic targets to optimize current therapies against ESCC.

CAS / MDL: 47165-04-8
研究领域: 肿瘤学 · 免疫学 · 转录调控 · 癌症生物学
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ACS Biomaterials Science & Engineering · 2024 · IF 5.4

Interleukin-4-Loaded Heparin Hydrogel Regulates Macrophage Polarization to Promote Osteogenic Differentiation

Yuhao Zhao,Xiaofei Feng,Zhenrui Zhao,Zhengdong Song,Wenji Wang,Haiyan Zhao

In bone tissue engineering, biological scaffolds are designed with structural and functional properties that closely resemble the extracellular environment, aiming to establish a microenvironment conducive to osteogenesis. Macrophages hold significant potential for promoting osteogenesis and modulating the biological behavior of tumor cells. Multiple coculture experiments of macrophages and osteoblasts have demonstrated that macrophage polarization significantly impacts osteogenesis. Therefore, exploring bone biomaterials that can modulate macrophage polarization holds great clinical significance. In this study, heparin was modified with maleimide and was used as a raw material to form a hydrogel with 4-am-PEG-SH. The compound was used to polarize macrophages and promote osteogenesis after combining with interleukin 4 (IL-4) by taking advantage of the electronegativity of heparin. The results revealed overexpressed M2 macrophage-related phenotypic genes and cocultivation with MC3T3-E1 cells demonstrated the osteogenesis-promoting effect of the loaded IL-4 heparin hydrogel. Previous research reported that hydrogel loaded with IL-4 can be used as a biomaterial for osteogenesis promotion. Heparin materials used in this paper are derived from clinically anticoagulant drugs and feature a simple operation. The synthesized hydrogel effectively binds cytokines, regulates macrophages to induce osteogenesis and has many potential clinical applications.

研究领域: 生物医学工程 · 组织工程 · 免疫学 · 生物材料科学
✓ 已验证 DOI PubMed 高影响因子
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Bioactive Materials · 2025 · IF 20.3

Fused exosomal targeted therapy in periprosthetic osteolysis through regulation of bone metabolic homeostasis

Tianliang Ma,Qimeng Liu,Zheyu Zhang,Jiangyu Nan,Guanzhi Liu,Yute Yang,Yihe Hu,Jie Xie

The onset of periprosthetic osteolysis is mediated by wear particles following artificial arthroplasty. This manifests as a disturbed bone metabolism microenvironment, characterized by insufficient osteogenesis and angiogenesis, and enhanced osteoclastic activity. To target and remodel the homeostatic environment of bone metabolism in the sterile region around the prosthesis, we successfully pioneered the proposal and construction of a fused exosome (f-exo) system with M2 macrophage-derived exosomes (M2-exo) and urine-derived stem cell exosomes (USC-exo). The results demonstrate that f-exo effectively combines the osteolysis region-targeting capabilities of M2-exo with the bone metabolic homeostasis modulation effects of two exosomes (M2-exo and USC-exo), thereby achieving a significantly enhanced bone metabolic homeostasis targeting effect in the periprosthetic osteolysis region. The proteomic analysis of M2-exo, USC-exo, and f-exo revealed the potential mechanism of f-exo in targeting-regulation of bone metabolic homeostasis. Our study employs an innovative approach utilizing the fused exosome system for exosome targeted delivery, which offers a novel intervention strategy for the clinical management of periprosthetic osteolysis. Furthermore, it provides a novel conceptual framework for the development of exosome-based drug-targeting delivery systems.

CAS / MDL: 7440-32-6
研究领域: 骨科 · 再生医学 · 组织工程 · 外泌体治疗
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Food Science and Human Wellness · 2024 · IF 5.6

Sulforaphane ameliorates non-alcoholic steatohepatitis by KLF4-mediated macrophage M2 polarization

Xianghui Huang,Jia Xu,Ye Xu,Bingxin Huangfu,Feng Zhang,Yanzhou Hu,Ruxin Gao,Xinxin Ren,Boyang Zhang,Kunlun Huang,Xiaoyun He

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has become a global issue and a severe threat to public health. However, to date, no approved therapeutic drugs have been developed. Dietary interventions with natural products have shown promise in preventing and treating NAFLD. Sulforaphane (SFN) is a phytocompound with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, and previous research has demonstrated that SFN can ameliorate hepatic lipid accumulation and inflammation. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying these beneficial effects remain unclear. In this study, we confirmed the protective effects of SFN on excessive lipid accumulation and inflammatory injury in a high-fat, high-fructose diet-induced non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) mouse model. We found that SFN attenuates the inflammatory injury in a macrophage cell line and the liver of NASH mice, owing to the promotion of M1-type macrophage polarization toward the M2-type and the regulation of inflammatory mediators. Further analysis demonstrated that this SFN-induced macrophage M2-type polarization occurs in a Krüppel-like factor 4 (KLF4)-dependent manner. In summary, we uncovered a new mechanism of action underlying SFN activity and provide evidence that dietary intervention with SFN might be protective against NASH.

CAS / MDL: 4478-93-7
研究领域: 肝病学 · 免疫学 · 药理学 · 营养学
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Acta Biomaterialia · 2021 · IF 8.947

Hydrogel-coated needles prevent puncture site bleeding

Shunbo Wei,Yanhua Xu,Zhiwei Wang,Mingxing Li,Peng Sun,Boao Xie,Ying Xing,Hualong Bai,Quancheng Kan,Jiang'an Li,Alan Dardik

Introduction Incomplete hemostasis after vascular cannulation can cause a hematoma or pseudoaneurysm. We hypothesized that a hydrogel-coated needle would effectively and rapidly stop bleeding after vascular cannulation. Methods : A hydrogel composed of sodium alginate , hyaluronic acid , and calcium carbonate was coated onto the surface of suture needles. Needles were observed using scanning electronic microscopy (SEM) and immunofluorescence. Cannulation was performed in both mouse and rat models; the liver, kidney, jugular vein, inferior vena cava and aorta were punctured using uncoated and hydrogel-coated needles. Needles coated with a hydrogel with and without CD34 antibody were used to puncture the rat jugular vein and aorta. Tissues were examined by histology and immunofluorescence. Results : The hydrogel was successfully coated onto the surface of 22G and 30G needles and confirmed by SEM. Hydrogel-coated needles rapidly stopped bleeding after cannulation of the liver, kidney, jugular vein, inferior vena cava and aorta. Hydrogel-coated needles that contained CD34 antibody attracted vascular progenitor cells near the puncture site; there were fewer M1-type macrophages and more M2-type macrophages. Conclusion : Hydrogel-coated needles can effectively and rapidly stop puncture-site bleeding. The hydrogel that contains CD34 antibody attracted vascular progenitor cells, potentially promoting healing of the site after cannulation. Statement of significance Incomplete hemostasis after vascular cannulation can cause a hematoma or pseudoaneurysm and remains a significant clinical problem. We developed a hydrogel composed of sodium alginate, hyaluronic acid, and calcium carbonate; hydrogel-coated needles effectively and rapidly stopped bleeding after vascular cannulation. Interestingly, the hydrogel can also serve as a carrier for drugs that are delivered to the puncture site during the short time of cannulation that could additionally promote puncture site healing. Hydrogel-coated needles may be a new method for rapid hemostasis with application to patients especially at risk for bleeding.

CAS / MDL: 81-88-9
研究领域: 止血 · 血管外科 · 生物医学工程 · 组织工程
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Frontiers in Pharmacology · 2021 · IF 5.811

Anti-inflammatory Activity of a Polypeptide Fraction From Achyranthes bidentate in Amyloid β Oligomers Induced Model of Alzheimer’s Disease

Ge Xiangyu,Wang Yitong,Yu Shu,Cao Xuemin,Chen Yicong,Cheng Qiong,Ding Fei

Neuroinflammation plays a crucial role in neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and Parkinson’s disease (PD), and anti-inflammation has been considered as a potential therapeutic strategy. Achyranthes bidentate polypeptide fraction k (ABPPk) was shown to protect neurons from death and suppress microglia and astrocyte activation in PD model mice. However, how ABPPk regulates neuroinflammation to exert a neuroprotective role remains unclear. Toxic Aβ oligomers (AβOs) can trigger inflammatory response and play an important role in the pathogenesis of AD. In the present study, for the first time, we investigated the effects and underlying mechanisms of ABPPk on neuroinflammation in AβOs-induced models of AD. In vitro, ABPPk pretreatment dose-dependently inhibited AβOs-induced pro-inflammatory cytokines mRNA levels in BV2 and primary microglia. ABPPk pretreatment also reduced the neurotoxicity of BV2 microglia-conditioned media on primary hippocampal neurons. Furthermore, ABPPk down-regulated the AβOs-induced phosphorylation of IκBα and NF-κB p65 as well as the expression of NLRP3 in BV2 microglia. In vivo, ABPPk pre-administration significantly improved locomotor activity, alleviated memory deficits, and rescued neuronal degeneration and loss in the hippocampus of AβOs-injected mice. ABPPk inhibited the activation of microglia in hippocampal CA3 region and suppressed the activation of NF-κB as well as the expression of NLRP3, cleaved caspase-1, and ASC in the brain after AβOs injection. ABPPk hindered the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines and promoted the release of anti-inflammatory cytokines in the brain. Notably, the polarization experiment on BV2 microglia demonstrated that ABPPk inhibited M1-phenotype polarization and promoted M2-phenotype polarization by activating the LPS- or AβOs-impaired autophagy in microglia. Taken together, our observations indicate that ABPPk can restore the autophagy of microglia damaged by AβOs, thereby promoting M2-phenotype polarization and inhibiting M1-phenotype polarization, thus playing a role in regulating neuroinflammation and alleviating neurotoxicity.

CAS / MDL: 920-66-1
研究领域: 神经科学 · 药理学 · 炎症 · 神经退行性疾病
✓ 已验证 产品关联 DOI PubMed 高影响因子
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