RSC Advances
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2025
·Vol. 15
·期 51
·44049-44060
·
IF 4.6
Jiaqi Yang,Guihua Zhang,Yanghuan Xing,Bixing Gao,Hua Du,Guihua Jiang
Natural bioactive compounds derived from traditional Chinese medicine have garnered widespread research interest. In this study, a green and efficient method for extracting naringin from Citrus grandis ‘Tomentosa’ (CGT) was developed using ultrasonic-assisted extraction (UAE) with the natural deep eutectic solvent (NADES) composed of choline chloride and levulinic acid (ChCl–Le). The extraction was carried out under the conditions of 40% (w/w) water content in NADES, a solid-to-liquid ratio of 1 : 65 (w/v), a temperature of 60 °C, an extraction time of 40 minutes, and an ultrasonic power of 300 W. Despite optimized and practical conditions, a high naringin yield of 4.7% was attained. This yield remains significantly greater than those obtained with methanol (4.1%) or ethanol (4.0%). Furthermore, the CGT extracts were evaluated for lung cancer therapeutics activity, leading to the identification of several key bioactive compounds, including poncirin, isosinensetin, sinensetin, nobiletin, didymin, neohesperidin, and naringenin. These components are known to exert therapeutic effects against lung cancer by targeting CYP17A1, CYP19A1, and AR, as well as by modulating pathways such as EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor resistance and prostate cancer. This study successfully establishes an eco-efficient extraction method for naringin and clarifies the multi-target mechanism of action of CGT extracts against lung cancer.
研究领域:
植物化学
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绿色化学
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天然产物提取
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肿瘤学
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生药学
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中医药
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药物发现
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Food Frontiers
·
2026
·Vol. 7
·期 3
·e70274
·
IF 6.3
Shanshan Zhang,Jun Wu,Renjie Niu,Qian Zhou,Mingfu Wang
Stilbenes are bioactive phytochemicals with notable health benefits, yet their extraction is hindered by hydrophobicity and reliance on toxic solvents. This study introduces a green, sustainable approach for stilbene extraction using hydrophilic natural deep eutectic solvents (NADES), with cajaninstilbene acid (CSA) from pigeon pea ( Cajanus cajan ) as the model compound. After screening, the optimal NADES and ultrasound-assisted extraction conditions were identified, achieving a predicted CSA yield of 0.832 mg/g. The method demonstrated excellent reusability and sustainability. Spectroscopic analyses (ATR-FTIR, 1 H NMR, 1 3 C NMR, 2D NOESY), COSMO-RS, and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations revealed that NADES-4 forms a hydrogen-bonded supramolecular structure involving betaine, glycerol, and water. MD simulations further clarified the thermodynamics and synergistic non-covalent interactions driving CSA solubilization. These findings provide mechanistic insights into NADES-based stilbene extraction and support the development of eco-friendly technologies for plant resource utilization.
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DOI
高影响因子
FUEL
·
2025
·
IF 7.5
Kang Wang,Wenrong Che,Xiaoyu Zheng,Yirou Chen,Miao Zuo
The conversion of biomass feedstock to synthesize 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) is critical for advancing biorefinery. However, direct and efficient achieving HMF from industrial raw materials remains challenging. This study developed a natural deep eutectic solvent (NADES) system using high fructose corn syrup 42 # (HFCS-42) and choline chloride (ChCl) for HMF synthesis. The performance of aluminum-based homogeneous (AlCl 3 ·6H 2 O) and heterogeneous (γ-Al 2 O 3 ) catalysts was compared within this reaction system, with high HMF yields of 55.3% and 60.9% were obtained using AlCl 3 ·6H 2 O and γ-Al 2 O 3 as catalysts, respectively. Notably, recycled γ-Al 2 O 3 demonstrated enhanced catalytic performance, achieving a 63.9% HMF yield. Systematic characterizations and density functional theory (DFT) calculations revealed that the presence of extremely low concentrations of HCl promoted the exposure of Lewis acid sites on γ-Al 2 O 3 , leading to improved catalytic activity. This study proposes a sustainable and cost-effective method for enhancing HMF synthesis from industrially acceptable HFCS-42, offering significant potential for biorefinery applications.
研究领域:
生物化学
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催化化学
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可再生资源化学
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DOI
高影响因子
Food Analytical Methods
·
2026
·Vol. 19
·期 4
·150
·
IF 3
Shabir Maryam,Ahmed Dildar
In pursuit of a sustainable process for extracting bioactives from Holarrhena antidysenterica seeds, the current study explored three techniques, including advanced microwave-assisted extraction (MAE), ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE), and conventional heat-assisted extraction (HAE). A green natural deep eutectic solvent (NaDES), choline chloride–urea (CCU), was used as extractant. Each technique was systematically optimized according to response surface methodology (RSM) based on single-factor experiments. Response factors included total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), total condensed tannin content (TCT), DPPH radical scavenging activity (RSA), metal-chelating activity (MCA), and α-amylase inhibitory activity (AIA). Modeling was authenticated by statistical analysis and validation studies. For HAE, the optimal conditions (40 mL/g SSR (solvent-to-solid ratio), 70% DES concentration, and 200 rpm shaking speed) resulted in a TPC of 10.08 mg GAE/g DW, TFC of 30.38 mg RE/g DW, TCT of 5.06 mg CE/g DW, RSA of 2.48 mg AAE/g DW, MCA of 91.82 mg EDTAE/g DW, and AIA of 67.33%. For MAE, under optimal conditions (40 mL/g SSR, 70% DES concentration, and 770 W power), TPC was 15.15 mg GAE/g DW, TFC was 72.29 mg RE/g DW, TCT was 2.79 mg CE/g DW, RSA was 2.75 mg AAE/g DW, MCA was 85.21 mg EDTAE/g DW, and AIA was 60.29%. For UAE, TPC was 12.99 mg GAE/g DW, TFC was 39.41 mg RE/g DW, TCT was 6.16 mg CE/g DW, RSA was 2.58 mg AAE/g DW, MCA was 94.67 mg EDTAE/g DW, and AIA was 72.51% under optimized conditions (40 mL/g SSR, 70% DES concentration, and 70 \(^\circ{\rm C}\) extraction temperature). As per the results, MAE surpassed HAE and UAE in TPC and TFC, whereas UAE exhibited superior performance in TCT, MCA, and AIA, while MAE was also highly time-saving. Thus, MAE coupled with choline chloride–urea DES can be selected as a viable strategy for obtaining bioactive principles from Holarrhena antidysenterica seeds.
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高影响因子
ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY
·
2026
·
IF 10.2
Yangyang Zhang,Weifeng Jin,Tianxue Chen,Jin Han,Li Yu,Haitong Wan,Haofang Wan
This study developed an efficient and sustainable extraction process for extracting ferulic acid (FA) and ligustilide (LIG) from Angelica sinensis Radix (ASR) using green natural deep eutectic solvents (NADESs) by machine learning optimization. After screening, L-proline/methylurea was identified as the optimal NADES system, and the genetic algorithm optimized back-propagation neural network (GA-BPNN) model demonstrated superior predictive performance over traditional methods (MSE = 1.7 × 10 5 , R 2 = 0.9860). Under the optimized conditions (NADES volume fraction 67.44%, ultrasonic time 25.556 min, ultrasonic temperature 59.791 ℃, and solid–liquid ratio 7.610 mg/mL), the predicted extraction yield was 0.149, which closely matched the experimental yield of 0.151. Shapley Additive Explanations (SHAP) analysis further indicated that the NADES volume fraction was the most critical factor affecting extraction efficiency. Animals’ experiments demonstrated that both FA and LIG significantly ameliorated neurological deficits and reduced cerebral infarct volume in middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion (MCAO/R) mice. To further elucidate the underlying antioxidant mechanism, Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis was employed, revealing a significant causal relationship between FA and superoxide dismutase (SOD) expression (P = 0.0265), but no significant association with heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1); LIG showed no significant association with either. These findings were corroborated in MCAO/R mice, FA administration significantly increased SOD levels in plasma. Collectively, the GA-BPNN-guided NADES combined with ultrasound assisted extraction (UAE) strategy significantly enhanced the extraction of bioactive compounds from ASR. Moreover, the integrated approach combining MR analysis with in vivo experiments provided converging evidence supporting the underlying specific antioxidant mechanism mediated by FA. Download: Download high-res image (169KB) Download: Download full-size image This study developed an efficient extraction process for ASR using NADES combined with ultrasonic assistance, optimized via machine learning models, and evaluated the antioxidant activities of FA and LIG in relation to SOD and HO-1 expression.
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高影响因子
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
·
2023
·
IF 15.1
Xiaoping Liu,Yunbo Zhai,Zhixiang Xu,Yun Zhu,Yin Zhou,Zhexian Wang,Liming Liu,Fashen Liang,Wanying Ren,Yu Xie,Caiting Li,Min Xu
Natural deep eutectic solvents (NADES) coupled with hydrothermal treatment was innovatively proposed to process waste activated sludge for sustainable production of 5-methylfurfural (5-MF) and enhanced dewaterability. The yield of 5-MF up to 11.54 kg/t volatile solids (VS) with a NADES dosage of 2.0 mL, hydrothermal temperature of 180 °C and holding time of 30 min. The decreased capillary suction time (CST) and bound water content indicated that NADES with hydrothermal treatment substantially improved the dewaterability of sludge. The variations of sludge physicochemical properties and extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) compositions revealed that NADES disrupted the structure of sludge biopolymers. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations indicated that NADES weakened the hydrogen bond strength between EPS components, and thus promoted the solubilization of proteins and polysaccharides. Besides, transition state analysis showed that NADES also lowered the energy barrier of polypeptide hydrolysis and carbohydrates dehydration reactions for the production of 5-MF.
研究领域:
环境科学
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化学工程
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生物化学
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高影响因子
FOOD CHEMISTRY
·
2024
·
IF 8.5
Ziwen Wang,Dongdong Wang,Jiaxuan Fang,Zixin Song,Jiman Geng,Jianfei Zhao,Yifan Fang,Changtao Wang,Meng Li
In this study, an ultrasonic-assisted natural deep eutectic solvent (NaDES) was used to extract flavonoids from Perilla frutescens (L.) Britt. leaves. Of 10 tested NaDESs, that comprising D-(+)-glucose and glycerol exhibited the best total flavonoid extraction rate. Response surface methodology (RSM) was used for extraction modeling and optimization, and the total flavonoid content reached 87.48 ± 1.61 mg RE/g DW, which was a significant increase of 5.36% compared with that of 80% ethanol extraction. Morphological changes in P. frutescens leaves before and after extraction were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and the mechanism of NaDES formation was studied by Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy. Furthermore, 10 flavonoids were identified by UPLC-Q-TOF-MS. In addition, the NaDES extract had better biological activity according to several antioxidant, cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and hyaluronidase (Hyal) inhibition experiments. Moreover, the stability test revealed that the total flavonoid loss rate of the NaDES extract after four weeks was 37.75% lower than that of the ethanol extract. These results indicate that the NaDES can effectively extract flavonoids from P. frutescens leaves and provide a reference for further applications in the food, medicine, health product and cosmetic industries.
研究领域:
药理学
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分析化学
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食品科学
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医学
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化妆品科学
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
FOOD RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL
·
2023
·
IF 8.1
Hongjuan Xia,Chenghao Lv,Yuting Lu,Chaoxi Zeng,Si Qin,Meng Shi
Astilbin, a natural flavonoid, possesses multiple functionalities, while the poor bioavailability seriously restricts its application in functional food and medicine. Therefore, in this study, a natural deep eutectic solvent (NaDES) with choline chloride: lactic acid (CHCL-LAC) is selected to deliver astilbin by evaluating the bioaccessibility and antioxidant capacity during in vitro gastrointestinal digestion, and the inhibitory effect with underlying mechanism of astilbin-CHCL-LAC against α-amylase/α-glucosidase were investigated. The CHCL-LAC showed significant high astilbin bioaccessibility (84.1% bioaccessible) and DPPH and ORAC antioxidant capacity with 75.7% and 57.7% respectively after 3 h in vitro digestion, which may be attributed by hydrogen bond based supramolecule formed between astilbin and CHCL-LAC. Moreover, significant inhibitions of astilbin-CHCL-LAC on α-amylase (IC 50 of 0.67 g/L) and α-glucosidase (IC 50 of 0.64 g/L) were observed in mixed competitive and non-competitive manners. The dominant binding force between enzymes and astilbin were the hydrogen and hydrophobic interaction. This is the first time that the underlying mechanisms for astilbin delivered by NaDESs were revealed, suggesting that CHCL-LAC-based NaDESs are promising ready-to-use vehicles of natural inhibitors for carbohydrate-hydrolyzing enzymes.
研究领域:
药理学
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食品科学
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生物化学
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Journal of Food Measurement and Characterization
·
2025
·
IF 3.3
Wang Hongji,Li Xiaoyu,Cui Liying,Guo LuLu,Wang Aijiao,Chu Guangru,He Siqi,Liu Shengkai,Fu Yujie,Liu Zhiguo
Vaccinium vitis-idaea L. leaves (VVLL), a renewable forest resource abundant in active compounds, have not been well utilized. This study employed microwave-assisted natural deep eutectic solvents (NADES) to efficiently extract the total flavonoids from VVLL. Among various combinations, the choline chloride-lactic acid solvent exhibited great selectivity for flavonoids, with the highest extraction rate of 269.99 ± 1.42 mg/g, ( n = 3). Six flavonoids in the VVLL extract were further analyzed by UPLC-MS/MS and HPLC. They included two isomers, a triterpenic acid, and Asiatic acid which is firstly reported in VVLL. The total flavonoid content extracted by our method is 3.4 times higher than that of Vaccinium vitis-idaea L. fruit. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy results revealed NADES-flavonoid hydrogen bonding as the driving mechanism for enhanced extractability. The extracted flavonoids exhibited superior antioxidant capacity against DPPH and ABTS radicals in comparison to the traditional alcohol extraction methods. Specifically, the scavenging activities were also significantly improved. In conclusion, as a high-quality source of flavonoids, VVLL has substantial promise for the development of novel flavonoid products.
研究领域:
植物化学
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分析化学
·
食品科学
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药物化学
·
天然产物提取
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Journal of Food Measurement and Characterization
·
2025
·
IF 3.3
Wu Yi,Hu Hui,Yang Guangzhen,Chen Yifan,Zhong Xiaoyu,Li Shanshan,Pan Ming,Li Yuanbin,Zhang Jiaheng
Natural deep eutectic solvents (NaDESs) with ultrasound-assisted (UAE) method was used to improve the extraction efficiency of polysaccharide from black truffles, which can overcome the limitations of conventional methods. It demonstrated that the extraction efficiency of polysaccharide by six NaDESs with UAE were better than those of conventional solvents. Among the NaDESs, betaine-citric acid (BetCi) NaDES showed the best performance, achieving a remarkable extraction yield of 9.38%, outperforming water, ethanol, and 1,3-butanediol by 0.4, 11.5 and 11.0 times, respectively. Moreover, the polysaccharide yield was further optimized by response surface method, based on three influence factors (NaDES concentration, liquid-to-solid, and ultrasonic time). Scanning electron microscopy images showed that compared to the traditional extraction methods, the plate-like structure fractured into smaller pieces of black truffles treated by BetCi NaDES with UAE, indicating deeper interactions between NaDES and black truffles. Furthermore, the skin penetration as well as antioxidant and anti-wrinkle properties of the black truffle polysaccharide extract were evaluated, revealing promising bioactivity. Overall, this study represents a comprehensive exploration of novel extraction methods, highlighting efficient polysaccharide extraction and its potential applications.
研究领域:
食品科学
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化学工程
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药学
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生物技术
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DOI
高影响因子
Biomass Conversion and Biorefinery
·
2020
·Vol. 12
·期 6
·2267-2275
·
IF 2.602
Zhang Dongqiang,Chen Xiangyun,Yuan Bing,Yu Fengli,Xie Congxia,Yu Shitao
Hydration of α-pinene catalyzed by a natural deep eutectic solvent (NADES) prepared by oxalic acid dihydrate (OA·2H 2 O) and betaine (Bet), 2.7OA·2H 2 O/Bet, has been studied to develop a more economical and green process for one-step hydration method. It has been found that a homogeneous ternary DES system could be established with OA·2H 2 O and Bet in a simple, convenient, and atomic economy way. Fourier transform infrared spectrum (FT-IR), proton nuclear magnetic resonance ( 1 H NMR), thermogravimetry (TG), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) have been applied to confirm the formation of hydrogen bonding between OA, H 2 O, and Bet. With the consideration of catalytic activity, selectivity, and ability to recycle, 2.7OA·2H 2 O/Bet has been screened out to be a promising catalyst for hydration of α-pinene due to its appropriate acidic properties and solubility. In this catalytic system of hydration, water, as one of the reactants, both assisted in the formation of DES and acted as the dispersing agent. Correspondingly, an “emulsifying reaction at the reaction temperature and solid-liquid separation below room temperature” characteristic of this specific catalytic hydration of α-pinene has been achieved.
研究领域:
化学工程
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催化
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绿色化学
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有机合成
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DOI
高影响因子
LWT-FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
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2023
·
IF 6
Qianqian Chen,Li Yu,Huifen Zhou,Haofang Wan,Yangyang Zhang,Haitong Wan,Jiehong Yang
The Box-Behnken design-response surface methodology (BBD-RSM) and Back-propagation neural network prediction model optimized by Simulated annealing (SA-BPNN) were used to optimize the extraction process of Astragali radix - Paeoniae radix alba by the green natural deep eutectic solvent (NADES), and the antioxidant activity of them was discussed. The best NADES for extracting Astragali radix - Paeoniae radix alba need to be screened out. The comprehensive evaluation value of the extraction yield was used as the index. The BBD-RSM and SA-BPNN were established for prediction and optimization. The antioxidant activity of Astragali radix - Paeoniae radix alba in vitro and in vivo was studied by detecting 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging rate and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) and the expression levels of SOD, MDA and GSH-Px in rat plasma. The results showed that the best NADES formula screened was Betaine-Urea (Bet-Ur). Compared with the BBD-RSM, the SA-BPNN had a higher degree of fitting, the comprehensive evaluation value was higher, and the error between tested and predicted value was smaller, which was more suitable as a prediction model for the extraction yield of Astragali radix - Paeoniae radix alba . Through the determination of antioxidant kits and oxidative factors, the results showed that Astragali radix - Paeoniae radix alba had antioxidant activity in vitro and in vivo . The study on the extraction process optimization and antioxidant activity of Astragali radix - Paeoniae radix alba were expected to provide a theoretical basis for its effective utilization.
研究领域:
药学
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分析化学
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生物技术
·
药理学
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高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）