查找使用阿拉丁产品的科研文献

Thermodynamic Experiments and Modelling of Cyclopentane Hydrates in the Presence of NaBr, KBr, K2SO4, NaBr–KBr, NaCl–NaBr, KCl–KBr, Na2SO4–K2SO4, and CaCl2–MgCl2

Trung-Kien Pham,Quynh-Trang Thi Hoang,Cham-Anh Thi Le,Thi-Huyen Tran,Koemhong Bun,Ngoc-Tuyet Thi Le,Van-Son Ho,Van-Hieu Ngo,Quang-Duyen Le,Madina Naukanova

Water shortage has been a serious issue for many years. Hydrate-based desalination (HBD) technology is a potential candidate for this solution. The present study investigates the use of Cyclopentane (CP) as a hydrate former for desalination through crystallization at low temperatures and atmospheric pressure. The primary objective of this work is to provide phase equilibrium data for CP hydrates (CPH) in the presence of novel salt systems, including NaBr, KBr, K2SO4, NaBr–KBr, NaCl–NaBr, KCl–KBr, Na2SO4–K2SO4, and CaCl2–MgCl2. Phase equilibrium temperatures were determined using both rapid and slow dissociation procedures. The van der Waals and Platteeuw-based Kihara (Kihara) approach, Hu-Lee-Sum (HLS) correlation, Standard Freezing Point Depression (SFPD) approach, and Activity-Based Occupancy Correlation (ABOC) were applied to model these new experimental data. The experimental results demonstrate that the differences between the quick and slow procedure data range from 0 °C to 1.2 °C. In addition, the increasing salt concentration enhances the inhibitory effect on hydrate formation. Furthermore, the influence of cations on the equilibrium temperature follows the decreasing order of Mg2+> Ca2+> Na+> K+. In terms of halide anions, Br−exhibits a stronger impact on equilibrium temperature compared to Cl−. The thermodynamic modeling results (for all four models) show good agreement with the experimental data with the average absolute deviation (AAD) of less than or equal to 0.79 °C. The ABOC approach proves to be the most effective among the four methods evaluated for accurately reproducing the equilibrium temperature of CPH, with AAD less than or equal to 0.38 °C.

Scalable and efficient electrochemical bromination of arenes with Faradaic efficiencies surpassing 90%

Zhang Bing,Liu Wei,Liu Zhu,Pei Yuhou,Li Di,Yang Hongbin,Qiu Chuntian,Fan Yang,Xu Yinghua,Ding Jie,Yu Lei,Liu Bin,Su Chenliang

Developing cost-effective and environmentally friendly approaches to synthesize brominated chemicals, which are important intermediates for the synthesis of various useful molecules such as pharmaceuticals, surfactants, pesticides, and biologically active heterocyclic compounds, is of great significance. Herein, we present a highly efficient electrochemical bromine evolution reaction over vacancy rich Co 3 O 4 using cheap NaBr as the bromine source for the synthesis of valuable brominated fine chemicals and pharmaceuticals under ambient conditions. The introduction of oxygen vacancy onto Co 3 O 4 can greatly enhance the activity and selectivity of bromine evolution reaction by optimizing Br* intermediate adsorption and desorption, enabling bromination of a series of bioactive molecules and pharmaceuticals at high yields.

Phase Equilibria of the Quinary System NaBr–KBr–CaBr2–SrBr2–H2O and Its Quaternary Subsystem NaBr–CaBr2–SrBr2–H2O at 298.15 K

Nie Guoliang,Cui Ruizhi,Ren Hongbao,Sang Shihua,Yang Qiuye,Li Wu

The underground brines in Sichuan Basin contain abundant major elements (e.g., Na, K, Mg, Ca, Cl) and high-value trace elements such as Li, Sr and Br, representing significant exploitable resources. Comprehensive investigation of their physicochemical properties is crucial for integrated resource development. This study systematically examined the phase equilibrium behavior of the quinary system NaBr–KBr–CaBr 2 –SrBr 2 –H 2 O and its quaternary subsystem NaBr–CaBr 2 –SrBr 2 –H 2 O at 298.15 K using the isothermal dissolution equilibrium method. The ionic compositions of saturated solutions and corresponding equilibrium solid phases were experimentally determined, enabling construction of complete solid–liquid equilibrium phase diagrams at 298.15 K. Thermodynamic modeling was performed using the Pitzer model with ion-interaction parameters obtained from the literature. Results demonstrate agreement between predicted and experimental solubility values, with close correspondence between calculated and experimental phase boundaries, confirming the model’s applicability. This work provides the first fundamental phase equilibrium dataset for K/Ca/Sr/Br-containing poly-component systems of Sichuan Basin brines.

A method for extracting soil microplastics through circulation of sodium bromide solutions

Mengting Liu,Yang Song,Shibo Lu,Rong Qiu,Jiani Hu,Xinyu Li,Moritz Bigalke,Huahong Shi,Defu He

Microplastics (MP) have been recently found in soil environments. These MP might have adverse effects at high concentrations and thus efficient extraction and analysis of MP from soil is needed. Here we propose a new method of NaBr solution circulation for extracting soil MP. A device for the circular extraction of soil MP was developed. This device included a separation, vacuum filtration, and solution recovery system. It was then utilized to test separation efficiency of soil MP with three economic and environmentally friendly extraction reagents: NaCl, CaCl 2 and NaBr solutions. The separation was tested with ten different types of polymers, three different size classes and three different shapes of MP. Extraction with NaBr showed the highest recovery rates ranging from 85% to 100%. After extraction the samples were treated with H 2 O 2 and analyzed by micro-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The developed method was assessed for its potential influence on MP and no significant changes in the integrity of multiple MP were found. Finally, the established method was used to analyze MP in four types of soil: farmland, yellow-brown, paddy and floodplain soil from the suburb of Shanghai. Results showed that the mean abundance of MP was 136.6–256.7 item kg −1 . Various MP including PP (40%), PE (35.5%), Acrylic (15.6%), PET (6.7%) and PA (2.2%) were found. With this paper, we provide an alternative method through NaBr solution circulation for the extraction of soil MP.

A functional NaₓSn/NaBr interlayer for solid-state sodium metal batteries

Wenjie Chang,Xinzhu Su,Haotian Wang,Zeqi Tao,Huachao Tao,Hui Ma,Xuelin Yang

Solid-state sodium metal batteries are hindered by critical challenges at the interface between sodium metal anode and solid-state electrolyte, including poor interfacial contact, dendrite growth and sluggish ion transport. Herein, a solution of SnBr 2 was drop-cast onto the sodium metal surface, inducing an in-situ alloying reaction to construct a functional interlayer composed of Na x Sn alloy and NaBr. The Na x Sn provides abundant sodiophilic sites, which enhance interfacial contact with solid-state electrolyte Na 3 Zr 2 Si 2 PO 12 (NZSP), facilitate rapid Na + transport across the interface, and improve interfacial diffusion kinetics. Moreover, the electron-insulating nature of NaBr promotes uniform sodium deposition and suppresses dendrite growth. Consequently, the critical current density is significantly improved to 3.1 mA cm −2 from 0.6 mA cm −2 and the area-specific resistance is decreased from 1759.1 Ω·cm −2 to 42.4 Ω·cm −2 . The solid-state symmetric cell (SnBr 2 @Na/NZSP/SnBr 2 @Na) demonstrates stable cycling for 1500 h at 0.5 mA cm −2 /0.5 mAh cm −2 . When paired with a Na 3 V 2 (PO 4 ) 3 cathode, the solid-state full cell exhibits exceptional cycling stability, retaining a capacity of 104.7 mAh g −1 after 700 cycles at 0.5C with a capacity retention of 95.5%. This strategy of constructing a functional interphase significantly enhances the performance of solid-state sodium metal batteries, presenting a promising path toward practical application.

Preparation of Nano-Carbon Gravel: Synergistic Effect of SDBS and NaBr

Chu Zifeng,Huang Jinyan,Meng Bo,Li Haichao

Carbon nanoparticles resembling gravel were successfully prepared by self-aggregation of sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate (SDBS) based on the concentrated salt NaBr system, which could be named as nano-carbon gravel (NCG). Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Raman spectroscopy (Raman), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and photoluminescence (PL) were used to perform a series of characterizations of NCG. The results showed that the prepared NCG had the intrinsic properties of carbon materials, which were mainly characterized by amorphous carbon with some graphite features. It is worth noting that the NCG widely contained a large number of particles with sizes less than 100 nm and a high degree of particle dispersion. More interestingly, it was initially found that the NCG had blue and cyan-green luminescent behaviors under different wavelength excitations in the range of 360–420 nm, suggesting that it might have some potential applications in the optical field. This method was operable, environmentally friendly and low-cost, and NaBr only played an important role in separation and protection in the construction stage of carbon nanomaterial morphology in the experimental process, and could be effectively recycled after being dissolved by water washing.

NaBr-Modified CsPbI2Br Improves the Comprehensive Performance of the Solar Cells

Caidong Xie,Junshuai Li,Yanzhou Wang,Qiulu Chen,Weining Liu,Xincheng Yao,Yujun Fu,Qiming Liu,Qiang Chen,Deyan He,Yali Li

Specific oxidation pattern of soluble starch with TEMPO-NaBr-NaClO system

Jie Hao,Jiaojiao Lu,Naiyu Xu,Robert J. Linhardt,Zhenqing Zhang

Oxidized starch, one of the most important starch derivatives, has many different properties and applications. Currently, there are two ways to produce oxidized starch, through specific and nonspecific oxidation. Specific oxidation using the stable nitroxyl radical, 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl preparidinloxy (TEMPO), with NaBr and NaClO can produce oxidized starches with different properties under good quality control. In the current study, we examine the products of specifically oxidized starch. As the amount of oxidant and the temperature, two critical factors impacting the oxidation of starch were thoroughly investigated. Analysis of the molecular weight (MW), degree of oxidization (DO) and the detailed structures of corresponding products was accomplished using gel permeation chromatography with multi-angle laser light scattering (GPC-MALLS), infrared (IR) spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, and quadrapole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (Q/TOF-MS). According to the analytical results, the oxidation patterns of starch treated with specific oxidant TEMPO-NaBr-NaClO were established. When high amounts of oxidant was applied, more glucose residues within starch were oxidized to glucuronic acids (higher DO) and substantial degradation to starch oligosaccharides was observed. By selecting a reaction temperature of 25   °C a high DO could be obtained for a given amount of oxidant. The reducing end sugar residue within oxidized starch was itself oxidized and ring opened in all TEMPO-NaBr-NaClO reactions. Furthermore, extra oxidant generated additional novel structures in the reducing end residues of some products, particularly in low temperature reactions.

Experiments and Prediction of Solid–Liquid Phase Equilibria in the Quinary System NaBr–KBr–MgBr2–SrBr2–H2O and Its Quaternary Subsystem NaBr–MgBr2–SrBr2–H2O at 308.2 K

Chun-Tao Hu,Yun-Yun Gao,Shi-Hua Sang,Yu-Qiu Cen,Xiao-Feng Guo,Cheng Li

To efficiently exploit and utilize bromine-rich brine resources of China, solid–liquid phase equilibria of the quinary system NaBr–KBr–MgBr2–SrBr2–H2O (saturated with KBr) and the quaternary system NaBr–MgBr2–SrBr2–H2O at 308.2 K were studied in detail by the isothermal dissolution equilibrium method. The dry salt phase diagram of the quinary system NaBr–KBr–MgBr2–SrBr2–H2O (saturated with KBr) includes one invariant point, three isothermal dissolution curves, and three crystallization regions (NaBr·2H2O, KBr·MgBr2·6H2O, and SrBr2·6H2O) under the condition of KBr saturation. And the crystallization region of KBr·MgBr2·6H2O is the smallest, so KBr·MgBr2·6H2O is difficult to crystallize and precipitate. Similarly, The dry salt phase diagram of the quaternary system NaBr–MgBr2–SrBr2–H2O is composed of two invariant points, five isothermal solubility curves, and four crystallization fields, which are hydrate salts NaBr·2H2O, MgBr2·6H2O, and SrBr2·6H2O and anhydrous simple salt NaBr. The crystallization region of MgBr2·6H2O is the smallest, the solubility of magnesium bromide is the largest, and it is difficult to crystallize and precipitate in this saturated solution. Furthermore, the mixing ion-interaction parameter ΨNa, Sr, Br of Pitzer’s model is fitted, which can be used for the subsequent prediction of phase equilibria containing strontium system. In addition, the solubilities of salts in the quinary system and the quaternary subsystem were theoretically predicted, and the experimental value was compared with the calculated value. The calculated value was in good agreement with the experimental value.

Construction of carbon nanostructures using SC/DTAC mixed system in concentrated NaBr

Xiaofei Kang,Haichao Li,Jianxia Guo,Bo Meng,Hu Menglan

This study aims to explore a method for preparing carbon nanomaterials using a mixed system of sodium cocoyl glycinate and dodecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride in concentrated sodium bromide (NaBr). By formulating, mixing, and self-assembling surfactants at specific concentrations, an effective preparation of carbon nanomaterials is achieved. Through the synergistic effect of dual surfactants combined with a concentrated NaBr stabilization system, this method achieves green synthesis of uniform carbon nanospheres. Compared with conventional methods, it demonstrates superior energy efficiency and effectiveness, showing potential for applications in advanced functional materials such as supercapacitors and catalyst supports. This method provides a novel, simple, and efficient approach for the synthesis of carbon nanomaterials, which is expected to expand their applications in the field of nanomaterials and facilitate new scientific advancements.

One-pot conversion of biomass-derived carbohydrates into 5-[(formyloxy)methyl]furfural: A novel alternative platform chemical

Yetao Jiang,Wei Chen,Yong Sun,Zheng Li,Xing Tang,Xianhai Zeng,Lu Lin,Shijie Liu

5-(Hydroxymethyl)furfural (HMF) is an important platform chemical, but the large scale production is limited by its instability. In this research, 5-[(formyloxy)methyl]furfural (FMF), derived from HMF, was produced directly from cellulose in formic acid reaction system with a yield of 33.4   mol% at 150   °C for 2   h. Among numerous metal salt catalysts screened in this study, alkali metal bromides were found to be effective in catalyzing cellulose conversion to FMF. Bromide anions facilitation of the esterification of HMF to form FMF was confirmed. In addition, the effects of water, acid and other reaction parameters also were investigated when NaBr was used as the catalyst. Up to 2% of water or acid in this reaction system did not impact on the FMF yield. Increasing the temperature for every 20   °C from 130   °C to 170   °C halved the reaction time but did not change the maximum yield. FMF was more hydrophobic and thermostable than HMF, which made it easier to be recovered. In a two-step process, FMF with a recovery of 29.4   mol% and purity of 97   mol% was obtained.

Mean Activity Coefficients and Phase Diagram in NaBr–SrBr2–H2O Solutions at 308.2 K

Yan Feng,Shi-Hua Sang,Kuang-Yi Zhu,Chun-Tao Hu,Xiao-Feng Guo,Xiao-Tian Tan

The studies of mean activity coefficients of the NaBr–SrBr2–H2O solutions are of great significance for the development of underground brines in the Sichuan Basin of China. In this article, the mean activity coefficients of NaBr in the NaBr–SrBr2–H2O solutions have been studied by the cell potential method. The range of the determined ionic strength fraction yb of SrBr2 is 0.0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, and 0.8, and the total ionic strength I ranges from 0.0100 to 1.0000 mol·kg–1. First, the cell potentials of NaBr in NaBr–H2O solutions and NaBr–SrBr2–H2O solutions are measured by composite ion-selective electrodes. Then, the mean activity coefficients of NaBr in mixed solutions were calculated by using the measured cell potential data and the Nernst equation. Consequently, the mixed ion interaction parameters θNa+,Sr2+ and φNa+,Sr2+,Br– of the Pitzer model at 308.2 K were fitted by a multiple linear regression method. Finally, the above parameters and the Pitzer model were used to calculate the mean activity coefficients of SrBr2 and relevant thermodynamic properties (osmotic coefficient Φ, water activity aw, and excess Gibbs free energy GE) in NaBr–SrBr2–H2O solutions. In addition, the solubilities of NaBr and SrBr2 in mixed solutions were predicted using the Pitzer model. The predicted theoretical values are in good agreement with the experimental values. The fitted mixed ion interaction parameters have good applicability for solubility prediction.