NASICON-structured NaTi 2 (PO 4 ) 3 is regarded as the most suitable anode for aqueous sodium ion batteries, however, the low electronic conductivity intrinsically restricts its application. NaTi 2 (PO 4 ) 3 -carbon composite is prepared by a facile solid state sintering method and studied as the anode in aqueous sodium ion battery , coupling with activated carbon as the cathode. This neutral sodium ion battery shows a high output voltage of 1.17 V, with outstanding rate and cycling stability. The full cell delivers an energy density of 33.4 Wh∙kg −1 at a power density of 33.4 W∙kg −1 based on the total active mass of the anode and cathode materials.
NaTi 2 (PO 4 ) 3 (NTP) with NASICON structure has been regarded as a promising material for sodium-ion batteries (SIBs). However, NTP always exhibits poor cycling stability and rate performance due to slow electronic conductivity. In this work, a free-standing 3D nanocomposite constructed by reduced graphene oxide (rGO), thermally-treated protein (TP) and mesoporous NaTi 2 (PO 4 ) 3 nanocrystals (denoted as MNTP-TP@rGO) is reported. The fabrication includes an electrostatic self-assembly, freeze-drying, mechanical pressing and thermal treatment. In the MNTP-TP@rGO nanocomposite, 3D interconnected carbon network of rGO and TP acts as both a support for the anchored well-distributed MNTP nanocrystals and a current collector. When free-standing MNTP-TP@rGO is used directly as anode in coin-type half-cell, it delivers a high-rate capacity (52.8 mAhg −1 at 50C) and robust cycling stability with the capacity retention of 80% after 1000 cycles at 5C. Furthermore, a full Na-ion battery is constructed using Na 3 V 2 (PO 4 ) 3 /C (NVP/C) as a cathode and free-standing MNTP-TP@rGO as an anode and it exhibits a high specific capacity (58 mAhg −1 at 1C) and outstanding cycling stability (98% capacity retention over 100 cycles at 1C). Our results suggest great potential of the free-standing electrode of MNTP-TP@rGO composite in high-performance SIBs.
Xiaoyu Jiang,Ziqi Zeng,Lifen Xiao,Xinping Ai,Hanxi Yang,Yuliang Cao
Development of intrinsically safe and long lifespan sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) is urgently needed for large-scale energy storage applications. However, most of the currently developed SIBs suffer from insufficient cycle life and potential unsafety. Herein, we construct an all-phosphate sodium-ion battery (AP-SIB) using a Na3V2(PO4)3 cathode, NaTi2(PO4)3 anode, and nonflammable trimethyl phosphate (TMP) electrolyte. The AP-SIB exhibits not only high safety, high rate performance, and ultralong cycle life but also zero-strain characteristics due to the inverse volume change of the phosphate cathode and anode during charge and discharge cycles, offering a safer and cycle-stable Na-ion technology for electric storage applications.
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