Chinese Journal of Natural Medicines
·
2021
·
IF 3
Di ZHANG,Bing YANG,Shi-Quan CHANG,Sheng-Suo MA,Jian-Xin SUN,Lin YI,Xing LI,Hui-Mei SHI,Bei JING,Ya-Chun ZHENG,Chun-Lan ZHANG,Feng-Guo CHEN,Guo-Ping ZHAO
This study was to investigate the protective effect of paeoniflorin (PF) on hydrogen peroxide-induced injury. Firstly, “SMILES” of PF was searched in Pubchem and further was used for reverse molecular docking in Swiss Target Prediction database to obtain potential targets. Injury-related molecules were obtained from GeenCards database, and the predicted targets of PF for injury treatment were selected by Wayne diagram. For mechanism analysis, the protein-protein interactions were constructed by String, and the KEGG analysis was conducted in Webgestalt. Then, cell viability and cytotoxicity assay were established by CCK8 assay. Also, the experimental cells were allocated to control, model (200 μmol·L −1 H 2 O 2 ), SB203580 10 μmol·L −1 (200 μmol·L −1 H 2 O 2 + SB203580 10 μmol·L −1 ), PF 50 μmol·L −1 (200 μmol·L −1 H 2 O 2 + PF 50 μmol·L −1 ), and PF 100 μmol·L −1 (200 μmol·L −1 H 2 O 2 + PF 100 μmol·L −1 ) groups. We measured the intracellular ROS, Hoechst 33258 staining, cell apoptosis, the levels of Bcl-xl, Bcl-2, Caspase-3, Cleaved-caspase3, Cleaved-caspase7, TRPA1, TRPV1, and the phosphorylation expression of p38MAPK. There are 96 potential targets that may be associated with PF for injury treatment. Then, we chose the “Inflammatory mediator regulation of TRP channels” pathway for the experimental verification from the first 10 KEGG pathway. In experimental verification, H 2 O 2 decreased the cell viability moderately ( P < 0.05), and 100 μmol·L −1 PF increased the cell viability significantly ( P < 0.05). Depending on the difference of intracellular ROS fluorescence intensity, PF inhibited H 2 O 2 -induced reactive oxygen species production in Schwann cells. In Hoechst 33258 staining, PF reversed the condensed chromatin and apoptotic nuclei following H 2 O 2 treatment. Moreover, Flow cytometry results showed that PF could substantially inhibit H 2 O 2 induced apoptosis ( P < 0.05). Pretreatment with PF obviously reduced the levels of Caspase3, Cleaved-caspase3, Cleaved-caspase7, TRPA1, TRPV1, and the phosphorylation expression of p38MAPK after H 2 O 2 treatment ( P < 0.05), increased the levels of Bcl-2, and Bcl-xl ( P < 0.05). PF inhibited Schwann cell injury and apoptosis induced by hydrogen peroxide, which mechanism was linked to the inhibition of phosphorylation of p38MAPK.
研究领域:
神经生物学
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药理学
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分子生物学
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
GENETICS AND MOLECULAR RESEARCH
·
2015
·
IF 0.775
C-P Li,J-H Li,S-Y He,O Chen,L Shi
The aim of this study was to determine the therapeutic effect of curcumin on dextran sulfate sodium-induced ulcerative colitis (UC) and to explore the related mechanism. Sixty mice were randomly divided into 6 groups. A group was the normal control group; B group was the model group; C group was the 1.5 mg/kg dexamethasone group based on the B group; and D, E and F groups were 15, 30, and 60 mg/kg curcumin groups, respectively, based on the B group. The mice were killed 7 days after treatment; the expression of TNF-α and MPO in colon tissue was determined with ELISA, and colon p-p38MAPK and p38MAPK mRNA expression was evaluated by immunohistochemistry and RT-PCR, respectively. In the C, D, E, and F groups, TNF-α and MPO levels significantly decreased (P < 0.05), and the expression of p-p38MAPK also significantly decreased (P < 0.01). The expression of p38MAPK mRNA in the C, D, E, and F groups decreased (P < 0.01), and there was a statistically significant difference between the E and F groups (P < 0.01). Curcumin had a therapeutic effect, which probably played a role in UC treatment by inhibiting the p38MAPK signaling pathway, thereby reducing the release of TNF-α.
研究领域:
药理学
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免疫学
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胃肠病学
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分子生物学
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Analytical Cellular Pathology
·
2022
·
IF 4.133
Yingru Zhang,Yiyang Zhao,Jingwen Liu,Chunpu Li,Ying Feng,Shasha Jiang,Xiaoting Sun,Xueqing Hu,Yan Wang
Tanshinone IIA (TanIIA) is the main active ingredient in the fat-soluble components isolated from Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge. Our previous studies have convincingly proved that TanIIA is an effective drug against human colorectal carcinoma cells. In order to further demonstrate the effect of TanIIA on CRC, we carried out exploratory research about it in vivo and in vitro. The results demonstrated that TanIIA were observably more effective than control group in preventing tumor growth, and it has increased the survival time. Cancer cells viability and proliferation were accompanied by concentration and time dependent decline reached with TanIIA. We found that TanIIA altered the morphology of cytoskeleton and it could obviously induce apoptosis of colorectal cancer cells and block the cells in the G0/G1 phase. TanIIA also increased phosphorylation of p38MAPK, upregulated ATF-2 expression and downregulated Transgelin-2 expression, which could be reversed by SB203580, a p38MAPK-specific inhibitor. Our results suggested that TanIIA could induce apoptosis of colorectal cancer and block the cells in G0/G1 phase involved in downregulating the expression of Transgelin-2 through p38MAPK signal pathway.
研究领域:
肿瘤学
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药理学
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细胞生物学
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分子生物学
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
FASEB JOURNAL
·
2025
·Vol. 39
·期 9
·e70608
·
IF 4.2
Wentao Liu,Yuan Wang,Chen Liu,Bowei Shi,Xiaowei Xiong,Sheng Chen,Qianqian Huang,Li Wang,Guohua Zeng,Qiren Huang
Atherosclerosis (AS) is the primary pathological basis of many cardiovascular diseases, and the formation of foam cells plays a critical role in the progression of AS. Increasing evidence shows that a considerable proportion of foam cells derive from vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) in atherosclerotic plaques. Osteopontin (OPN), a glycosylated protein secreted by cells, is supposed to promote the development of AS. However, the underlying mechanisms of OPN contributing to the AS progression remain unclear. Therefore, the purpose of the study is to investigate the effects and mechanisms of OPN on VSMC-foaming and AS. Mouse AS model was established by feeding ApoE −/− mice with high fat diet (HFD), and the foam cell model of murine aortic vascular smooth muscle cells (MOVAS) was induced with Ox-LDL. During modeling, both ApoE −/− mice and MOVAS were infected with mouse recombinant adenoviruses expressing OPN (Ad-OPN). Our results show that OPN aggravates vascular smooth muscle dysfunction and AS in the ApoE −/− mice fed with HFD. Besides, OPN reduces cholesterol efflux and further promotes the formation of VSMC-derived foam cells by decreasing the expressions of ABCA1 and ABCG1. Furthermore, OPN inhibits the phosphorylation of p38MAPK through binding to its membrane receptor CD44, thereby reducing the expressions of LXRα, ABCA1, and ABCG1. Our results demonstrate that OPN reduces the expression of cholesterol transporters ABCA1 and ABCG1 and promotes the formation of VSMC-derived foam cells, exacerbating the development of AS. The findings would provide a more powerful theoretical support for preventing and treating AS with OPN as the target. Graphical OPN binding to CD44 inhibits the phosphorylation of p38MAPK, thereby reducing the expression of downstream LXRα, ABCA1, and ABCG1, resulting in decreased cholesterol efflux and increased foaming of VSMCs, ultimately exacerbating atherosclerosis.
研究领域:
心血管疾病
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分子生物学
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Journal of Traditional and Complementary Medicine
·
2025
·
IF 3
Huan Hou,Yaping Yang,Minyan Zhu,Meilin Xie,Yan Zhang,Rong Chen
Background and aim Trastuzumab (TRZ)-induced cardiotoxicity impairs breast cancer patients' quality of life, with no effective prevention currently. Osthole (OST) has been reported to exert cardioprotective effects in certain cardiovascular diseases. The purpose of this study was to investigate the probable mechanisms behind the protective effect of OST against TRZ-induced cardiotoxicity. Experimental procedure Mice were pretreated with OST (50 or 100 mg/kg) for 5 days, followed by TRZ (10 mg/kg, 10 days) to establish a cardiotoxicity model. The protective effects of OST on TRZ-induced cardiotoxicity was assessed via echocardiography, cardiac weight index (CWI), serum myocardial injury markers, H&E, and Masson staining. To explore the mechanisms, SOD/MDA levels, DHE staining (ROS), Nick-End-Labeling (TUNEL) staining (apoptosis), and Western blot were performed with/without 3-methyladenine (autophagy inhibitor) or SB203580 (p38MAPK inhibitor). Results and Conclusion OST pretreatment significantly improved cardiac function, alleviated myocardial damage and fibrosis, and enhanced autophagy (increased LC3II/I, Beclin-1 and decreased p62). Oxidative stress damage was ameliorated by OST, as demonstrated by higher activity of SOD, lower level of MDA and reactive oxygen species (ROS). In addition, OST decreased the ratio of Bax/Bcl-2 and Caspase-3 expression, and reduced apoptosis rate. OST activated p38MAPK (increased p-p38MAPK level) while inhibiting mTOR (decreased p-mTOR level). While these effects were blocked by the autophagy inhibitor 3-MA or p38MAPK inhibitor SB203580. These results indicated that OST has a protective effect on TRZ-induced cardiotoxicity, and its underlying mechanism may be related to enhancing autophagy via the p38MAPK/mTOR signaling pathway, thus reducing oxidative stress and apoptosis.
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高影响因子
ACTA BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA SINICA
·
2021
·Vol. 53
·期 7
·903-911
·
IF 3.848
Zhao Jing,Li Peifeng,Zhu Hua,Ge Fengqin,Liu Jie,Xia Jingjun,Hang Pengzhou
Recent studies suggest that 7,8-dihydroxyflavone (7,8-DHF) inhibits the development of several tumors. However, its role in osteosarcoma (OS) remains unknown. This study was designed to investigate the effects and underlying mechanisms of 7,8-DHF that may influence OS development. Human OS cell lines (U2OS and 143B) were treated with 7,8-DHF; cell viability and cell migration were assessed by methylthiazolyldiphenyl-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay and wound-healing assay, respectively; and cell death and apoptosis were evaluated by LIVE/DEAD staining and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT) dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL) assay, respectively. Reactive oxygen species production was measured using 2,7-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate probe. Akt, Bcl-xL/Bcl-2 asociated death promoter (Bad), p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), extracellular regulated protein kinase (ERK), and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) expression and their respective phosphorylation levels were detected by western blot analysis. We found that 7,8-DHF reduced cell viability in a dose-dependent manner and also promoted apoptosis, inhibited migration, and induced oxidative stress in OS cells. Moreover, 7,8-DHF inhibited Akt, Bad, and p38MAPK, but activated ERK and JNK signals. In summary, our results suggest that 7,8-DHF inhibits OS progression, possibly by regulating Akt/Bad and MAPK signaling. These findings provide new evidence for the pharmacological effects of 7,8-DHF that may improve drug therapy for OS patients.
研究领域:
肿瘤学
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细胞生物学
·
药理学
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine
·
2022
·
IF 2.65
Qianqian Wang,Xiaogang Li,Lijun Cao,Yan Li,Yonghui Liu,Lianqing Sun
Background. Salvianolic acid B (Sal B) is a bioactive component of Radix Salviae, which has antiinflammation and antiapoptotic activity in diabetic complications. However, the molecular mechanism of action of Sal B on diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) is unknown. This study was designed to identify a mechanism for Sal B in the treatment of DPN by using a pharmacology network, molecular docking, and in vitro experiments. Methods. Sal B and DPN-related targets from Gene Cards and OMIM platforms were retrieved and screened. Then, an analysis of possible targets with STRING and Cytoscape software was conducted. KEGG signaling pathways were determined using the R software. Subsequently, the binding capacity of Sal B to target proteins was analyzed by molecular docking and in vitro experiments. Results. A total of 501 targets related to Sal B and 4662 targets related to DPN were identified. Among these targets, 108 intersection targets were shared by Sal B and DPN. After topological and cluster analysis, 11 critical targets were identified, including p38MAPK. KEGG analysis revealed that the AGE-RAGE signaling pathway likely plays an important role in Sal B action on DPN. The p38MAPK protein is a key target in the AGE-RAGE signaling pathway. Molecular docking results suggested that Sal B and p38MAPK have excellent binding affinity (<−5 kcal/mol). The in vitro experiments revealed that Sal B downregulates the expressions of p-P38MAPK, inflammatory cytokines, and apoptosis targets, which are upregulated by hyperglycemia. Conclusion. Sal B may alter DPN by inhibiting inflammation and apoptosis activated by p38MAPK.
研究领域:
药理学
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分子生物学
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生物信息学
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糖尿病研究
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
TOXICOLOGY
·
2016
·
IF 3.817
Xu Wang,Yijie Bai,Guyue Cheng,Awais Ihsan,Feng Zhu,Yulian Wang,Yanfei Tao,Dongmei Chen,Menghong Dai,Zhengli Liu,Zonghui Yuan
Quinoxaline 1,4-dioxides (QdNOs) are widely used as a kind of antibacterial growth promoter in animal husbandry. The adrenal cortex was found to be one of the main toxic targets of QdNOs, accompanied by a decreased aldosterone level. However, the way in which QdNOs decrease production of the hormone aldosterone is far from clear. To illustrate the mechanism by which QdNOs damage the adrenal cortex and decrease aldosterone hormone levels, the QdNOs were screened to choose the drug with most toxic effects on aldosterone production, and then to reveal the mechanism between the gene and protein profiles in human adrenocortical cells (NCI-H295R cells). The results found that quinocetone (QCT) showed the highest adrenal toxic effect among QdNOs. After exposing H295R cells to 10 and 20 μM QCT for 24 h, compared with blank cells, the gene and protein expression profiles obtained were analyzed by microarray and MALDI TOF/TOF mass spectrometry, respectively. The results of microarray analysis suggested that ABCG1 and SREBF1, which were involved in the cholesterol biosynthetic and metabolic processes, and CYP17A1, NR4A2 and G6PD, which were related to aldosterone biosynthesis, were important molecular targets. It has been speculated that PKC and ERK pathways might be involved in the reduction of aldosterone production caused by QCT, through enhanced mRNA expression of CYP17A1. Additionally, JNK and p38MAPK signal transduction pathways might participate in apoptosis induced by QCT. Twenty-nine and 32 protein spots were successfully identified when cells were treated with 10 and 20 μM QCT, respectively. These identified proteins mainly included material synthesis and energy metabolism-related proteins, transcription/translation processing-related proteins, signal transduction proteins, cytoskeletal proteins, molecular chaperones, proteins related to response to stress, and transport proteins. Further investigations suggested that oxidative stress caused by QCT was exacerbated through disruption of the Keap1/Nrf2/ARE anti-oxidative stress pathway. Taken together, the data demonstrated for the first time that the Keap1/Nrf2/ARE pathway plays a crucial role in adrenal toxicity, and that CYP17A1 was the key switch to reduce the aldosterone production induced by QCT. Furthermore, large numbers of genes and proteins and entry points for research in the inhibition of aldosterone synthesis induced by QCT were offered, which will provide new insight into the adrenal toxicity of QdNOs and help to provide a theoretical foundation for the formulation of safety controls for products obtained from animals and to design new QdNOs with less harmful effects.
研究领域:
毒理学
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药理学
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内分泌学
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分子生物学
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细胞生物学
✓ 已验证
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF STEROID BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
·
2015
·
IF 3.628
Y.N. Lin,R. Jia,Y.H. Liu,Y. Gao,L.L. Wang,J.P. Kou,B.Y. Yu
Ruscogenin, a natural steroidal sapogenin, presents in both food and medicinal plants. It has been found to exert significant anti-inflammatory activities. Considering that activation of neutrophil is a key feature of inflammatory diseases, this study was performed to investigate the inhibitory effect of ruscogenin and its underlying mechanisms responsible for neutrophil activation. Ruscogenin displayed potent antioxidative effects against Formyl-Met-Leu-Phe (FMLP)-induced extra- and intracellular superoxide generation in mouse bone marrow neutrophils, with IC 50 values of 1.07 ± 0.32 μM and 1.77 ± 0.46 μM, respectively. Phorbol myristate acetate (PMA)-elicited extra- and intracellular superoxide generation were also suppressed by ruscogenin, with IC 50 values of 1.56 ± 0.46 μM and 1.29 ± 0.49 μM, respectively. However, ruscogenin showed weak inhibition in NaF-induced response. Inhibition of superoxide generation was mediated neither by a superoxide-scavenging ability nor by a cytotoxic effect. Furthermore, ruscogenin inhibited the membrane translocation of p47phox and p67phox. It reduced FMLP-induced phosphorylation of cytosolic phospholipase A 2 (cPLA 2 ) and p21-activated kinase (PAK). The cellular cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) levels and protein kinase A (PKA) expression were increased by ruscogenin. Moreover, ruscogenin inhibited phosphorylation of protein kinase B (Akt), p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38MAPK), extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1 and 2 (ERK1/2), and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK). In addition, the inhibitory effects of ruscogenin on superoxide production and the phosphorylation of Akt, p38MAPK, and ERK1/2 were reversed by PKA inhibitor (H89), suggesting a PKA-dependent mechanism. In summary, our data suggest that ruscogenin inhibits activation of neutrophil through cPLA 2 , PAK, Akt, MAPKs, cAMP, and PKA signaling pathways. Increased PKA activity is associated with suppression of the phosphorylation of Akt, p38MAPK, and ERK1/2 pathways.
研究领域:
药理学
·
免疫学
·
细胞生物学
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
TOXICOLOGY
·
2022
·
IF 4.571
Jielin Tang,Jiayi Li,Qinyu Zhou,Guzailinuer Kuerban,Jinyan Qin,Hongdan Zhang,Rongli Sun,Lihong Yin,Yuepu Pu,Juan Zhang
As a new type of flame retardant , Organic Phosphate Flame Retardant has been widely used worldwide. The purpose of our research is to determine the neurotoxicity of Tris (1,3-dichloroisopropyl) phosphate (TDCPP) to Caenorhabditis elegans and its mechanism. L1 larvae wild-type C. elegans were exposed to different concentrations of TDCPP, and the effects on motor behavior (head thrashes, body bends, pumping times, chemotaxis index), ROS levels, and p38MAPK signaling pathway-related gene expression levels were measured. Three transgenic nematode strains, BZ555, DA1240, and EG1285, were also used to study the effects of TDCPP on nematode dopamine neurons, glutamate neurons, and GABA neurons. The results showed that TDCPP can inhibit the head thrashes and body bends of the nematode, reduce dopamine production, increase the level of ROS in the body, and affect the expression of genes related to the p38MAPK signaling pathway. We next employed ROS production and motor behavior as toxicity assessment endpoints to determine the involvement of p38 MAPK signaling in the regulation of response to TDCPP. The results showed that the nematodes with low expression of pmk-1 were less sensitive to the TDCPP. It was suggested that TDCPP had neurotoxicity and regulated neurotoxicity to C. elegans by activating the p38-MAPK signaling pathway. The research in this article provides important information for revealing the environmental health risks of organophosphorus flame retardants and their toxic mechanism of action.
研究领域:
毒理学
·
环境健康
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分子生物学
·
神经科学
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
CELL TRANSPLANTATION
·
2022
·
IF 4.139
Wan Wei,Qiuhong Yang,Jing Hu,Yong Yao,Huayuan Yang
The physicochemical stimulation of acupoints is a widespread treatment strategy for different diseases, such as sciatica. Its efficacy is mainly based on the temporal and spatial modulation of the physicochemical properties of the acupoints. The existing therapies based on the stimulation of acupoints have certain disadvantages. Therefore, in this study, injectable dexamethasone (DXM)- and magnetic Fe3O4 nanoparticles-loaded chitosan/β-glycerophosphate (CS/GP) thermal crosslinking hydrogels were prepared, thereby improving the performance of embedding materials. The sciatica rat models were established to compare the therapeutic effects of hydrogels and catgut. The DXM or Fe3O4-loaded CS/GP hydrogels were compared in terms of their gelation kinetics, release kinetics, magnetic responsiveness in-vitro, and biocompatibility as well as their analgesic effects on the chronic constriction injury of the sciatic nerve (CCI) rats in-vivo. The CS/GP/Fe3O4/DXM hydrogel showed comparable gelation kinetics and good magnetic responsiveness in-vitro. This hydrogel could relieve sciatica by reducing the expression levels of inflammatory factors in serum, inhibiting the p38MAPK (p38, mitogen-activated protein kinase) phosphorylation, and decreasing the expression level of the P2X4 receptor (P2X4R) in the spinal dorsal horn. In conclusion, the DXM or Fe3O4-loaded CS/GP hydrogels can be considered as a treatment option for the physiochemical stimulation therapy of acupoints to improve sciatica.
研究领域:
药理学
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材料科学
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神经科学
·
生物医学工程
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中医
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
CNS Neuroscience & Therapeutics
·
2023
·Vol. 29
·期 4
·1000-1011
·
IF 5.5
Di Zhang,Bei Jing,Zhen-ni Chen,Xin Li,Hui-mei Shi,Ya-chun Zheng,Shi-quan Chang,Li Gao,Guo-ping Zhao
Introduction Sciatica causes intense pain. No satisfactory therapeutic drugs exist to treat sciatica. This study aimed to probe the potential mechanism of ferulic acid in sciatica treatment. Methods Thirty-two SD rats were randomly divided into 4 groups: sham operation, chronic constriction injury (CCI), mecobalamin, and ferulic acid. We conducted RNA sequencing, behavioral tests, ELISA, PCR, western blotting, and immunofluorescence analysis. TAK-242 and JSH23 were administered to RSC96 and GMI-R1 cells to explore whether ferulic acid can inhibit apoptosis and alleviate inflammation. Results RNA sequencing showed that TLR4/NF-κB pathway is involved in the mechanism of sciatica. CCI induced cold and mechanical hyperalgesia; destroyed the sciatic nerve structure; increased IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, IL-8, and TGF-β protein levels and IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, TGF-β, TLR4, and IBA-1 mRNA levels; and decreased IL-10 and INF-γ protein levels and IL-4 mRNA levels. Immunohistochemistry showed that IBA-1, CD32, IL-1β, iNOS, nNOS, COX2, and TLR4 expression was increased while S100β and Arg-1 decreased. CCI increased TLR4, IBA-1, IL-1β, iNOS, Myd88, p-NF-κB, and p-p38MAPK protein levels. Treatment with mecobalamin and ferulic acid reversed these trends. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induced RSC96 cell apoptosis by reducing Bcl-2 and Bcl-xl protein and mRNA levels and increasing Bax and Bad mRNA and IL-1β, TLR4, Myd88, p-NF-κB, and p-p38MAPK protein levels, while ferulic acid inhibited cell apoptosis by decreasing IL-1β, TLR4, Myd88, p-NF-κB, and p-p38MAPK levels and increasing Bcl-2 and Bcl-xl levels. In GMI-R1 cells, Ferulic acid attenuated LPS-induced M1 polarization by decreasing the M1 polarization markers IL-1β, IL-6, iNOS, and CD32 and increasing the M2 polarization markers CD206, IL-4, IL-10 and Arg-1. After LPS treatment, IL-1β, iNOS, TLR4, Myd88, p-p38MAPK, and p-NF-κB levels were obviously increased, and Arg-1 expression was reduced, while ferulic acid reversed these changes. Conclusion Ferulic acid can promote injured sciatic nerve repair by reducing neuronal cell apoptosis and inflammatory infiltration though the TLR4/NF-κB pathway.
研究领域:
神经科学
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药理学
·
分子生物学
·
细胞生物学
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炎症研究
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子