WATER AIR AND SOIL POLLUTION
·
2023
·Vol. 234
·期 7
·1-13
·
IF 2.9
Zhou Danli,Zhang Dong,Zhang Ming,Lü Ting,Huang Jingang,Zhao Hongting,Lin Jun
To clarify the sorption mechanism and removal efficiency of PAHs by waste biomass-based magnetic sorbents, the sorption performance of magnetic Myriophyllum aquaticum biomass (MMaB) for PAHs was studied. The structural characteristics and magnetic properties of MMaB were measured by FTIR, SEM–EDS, XRD and VSM. Batch experiments were carried out to evaluate the effects of contact time, initial concentration and properties of PAHs, pH, ionic strength and temperature on PAH sorption. The results showed that the sorption of seven PAHs achieved equilibrium at approximately 4–6 h, which fit well to the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. The isotherms followed the Freundlich model and linear model well, indicating that the sorption process was controlled by chemisorption. The distribution parameter ( K d ) values were 91.3, 563.7, 1010.5, 2917.8, 2706.6, 9046.8 and 15969.0 L·kg −1 for naphthalene, acenaphthene, fluorene, phenanthrene, anthracene, pyrene, and fluoranthene on MMaB, respectively, following the order of their hydrophobicity (e.g., K ow ). A positive correlation was obtained: log K d = 0.8091log K ow + 1.7034. Water chemical properties such as pH and ionic strength had no obvious effect on PAH removal. The spontaneity, feasibility and exothermic properties of PAH removal by MMaB were explained from thermodynamic point of view. The as-prepared MMaB sorbent underwent four consecutive sorption cycles and had good cycling performance. These studies indicate that MMaB has great potential as an easily-prepared, easy-to-operate and efficient biosorbent to remove PAHs from wastewater.
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CHEMOSPHERE
·
2021
·
IF 7.086
Mingzhu Zhou,Qiuhua Li,Xia Wang,Qiao Huang,Long Cang
Because of the high hydrophobicity , low volatility, and high sorption capacity of PAHs, their remediation in contaminated soil is challenging. Electrokinetic (EK) enhanced chemical remediation is an emerging dual technology employed in this study, using a new oxidant peroxymonosulfate (PMS) to remediate PAHs contaminated soil. Here, PMS migration under electric field and the remediation efficiency for the PAHs polluted soil were assessed. We observed that the PMS removal efficiencies (59.7%–82.8%) were higher than those with persulfate (PS) (53.9%–78.5%), indicating PMS's superior oxidation capacity for PAHs. Although oxidant PMS can decontaminate PAHs in polluted soils, its removal of PAHs was only 11.0% without the enhanced methods. The enhancements increased the removal efficiency for PAHs from 0.33 to 2.10 times. At fixed catholyte pH of 4, the highest removal efficiency (34.1%) was achieved because it enhanced PMS migration from cathode to anode. These findings suggested that PMS was a potential oxidant for EK remediation, and some enhancements must be applied in EK combined PMS remediation PAHs polluted soil.
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JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A
·
2025
·
IF 2.8
Bingjie Chen,Peng Liu,Hong Wang,Vasilios Samaras,Huajie Lyu,Jiwen Guan,Linghong Chen,Chenghang Zheng,Zhandong Wang,Xingcai Lu,Xiang Gao,Heinz Pitsch,William L. Roberts
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are ubiquitous organic molecules and fundamental building blocks of carbonaceous nanoparticles in material synthesis, flames, and extraterrestrial environments, yet their formation reactions remain elusive. Here, we propose a unique PAH growth reaction of ethynyl-substituted aryl radical addition to ethynyl-substituted peri-condensed aromatic hydrocarbons (AEPAH mechanism) by exploring the exemplary reactions of the 2-ethynyl-phenyl radical with phenylacetylene, 1-ethynylnaphthalene, and 9-ethynylphenanthrene. Instead of stable molecules and small radicals as reaction intermediates in conventional mechanisms, the AEPAH mechanism synthesizes PAH radicals, which further grow to large PAHs and incipient carbonaceous nanoparticles. High-level quantum chemistry calculation, particle composition analysis by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry, and product analysis of the elementary reaction by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and synchrotron radiation photoionization mass spectrometry evidenced the AEPAH mechanism as a direct and efficient PAH growth reaction class under the temperature range of 800–1500 K. The unraveled AEPAH mechanism may help understand the evolution of organic and prebiotic molecules on Earth and in deep space.
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Energies
·
2025
·Vol. 18
·期 14
·3767
·
IF 3.2
Wenbo Zhu,Kaulya Pathiraja,Xu Guo,Baojun Hui,Mingli Fu,Linjie Zhao,Yuhuai Wang,Jin Li
A novel interfacial coating agent was developed by modifying silicone oil with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) to enhance the insulation performance of HVDC cable accessories. This study investigates the effects of corona and hot–cold cycle aging on the DC breakdown characteristics of the Cross-Linked Poly Ethylene and Ethylene Propylene Diene Monomer (XLPE/EPDM) interface. Interfacial breakdown tests, infrared spectroscopy, and a microstructural analysis were employed to investigate aging mechanisms. The results show that PAH-modified silicone oil significantly increases the breakdown voltage, with 2,4-dihydroxybenzophenone (C13H10O3) identified as the optimal additive via quantum chemical calculations (QCCs). Even after aging, the modified interface maintains its superior performance, confirming the long-term reliability of the coating.
研究领域:
高电压工程
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材料科学
·
电力系统绝缘技术
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JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL AND APPLIED PYROLYSIS
·
2016
·
IF 3.652
Shiliang Wu,Hongwei Yang,Jun Hu,Dekui Shen,Huiyan Zhang,Rui Xiao
In this work, the pyrolysis of furans (furan, 2-methylfuran, furfuryl alcohol , and furfural) have been checked by Py-GC–MS at 1100 °C to detect the decomposition of furans and the formation of benzene derivatives and PAH. From the Py-GC–MS results, different side chain functional groups on furan-ring lead to different kinds of products and product distributions, such as hydroxyl group leading to dimers, and aldehyde group leading to pyrans, but the mechanism for furan-ring opening and decomposition is universal for furans pyrolyzed in this study. In order to explain the experimental results and the formation of benzene derivatives and PAH, the formation of benzene from furan has also been calculated by B3LYP/6-31G + +(d,p). Two possible benzene formation mechanisms, Diels-Alder and acetylene reaction mechanism, have been proposed and calculated. By comparison, it has been regarded that Diels-Alder reaction was more possible for PAH formation as this mechanism has a lower activation energy for initiation step, but acetylene reaction mechanism was more possible for benzene formation as this mechanism has a lower global activation energy.
研究领域:
化学
·
能源科学
·
环境科学
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Water
·
2024
·Vol. 16
·期 17
·2537
·
IF 3
Bo Li,Hulong Liu,Xiaona Liu,Li Han,Jing Yang,Lingke Kang,Liuyuan Tang,Tianwei Qian
Bioremediation is a promising technique owing to its effectiveness, low cost, and environmental friendliness. Previous studies have focused on the degradation efficiency of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in soil and water. However, the expression of PAH-catabolic genes in organisms involved in the degradation process has been rarely and unsystematically reported. In this study, a PAH-degrading strain—Pseudomonas aeruginosa(PQ249631)—was successfully isolated from coking-contaminated soil and used for PAH degradation in soil and water. Furthermore, the degradation of PAHs (naphthalene, fluorene, phenanthrene, anthracene, and pyrene) was investigated in single, binary, and mixture systems to explore the interaction of substrates. The results showed that when naphthalene was used as a cometabolite carbon source, the removal rates of fluorene, phenanthrene, anthracene, and pyrene increased from 14.33%, 17.25%, 6.61%, and 4.47% to 72.08%, 100.00%, 15.63%, and 6.63%, respectively. In a PAH mixture, the degradation rate of each PAH was higher when naphthalene, rather than glucose, was used as the cometabolite carbon source. Transcriptome analysis revealed significant differential expression of PAH-catabolic genes and ATP-binding cassette transporter-related genes under naphthalene stress. The enhanced degradation of PAHs could be attributed to the augmentation of the PAH metabolic pathway and membrane transportation, facilitating the transfer of PAHs to bacteria. These findings underscore the effectiveness ofP. aeruginosaas a PAH degrader and provide molecular insights into enhancing PAH degradation.
研究领域:
环境科学
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微生物学
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生物修复
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基因组学
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SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA PART A-MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY
·
2024
·
IF 4.3
Yuanyuan Liu,Lili Yu,Zhuxin She,Ling Li,Tailong Ji,Yi Li,Yuqiao Wang
Four rhodamine 6G-PAH probes with pyrene ( R6G-Pyr ), anthracene ( R6G-Ant ), acenaphthene ( R6G-Acp ) or phenanthrene ( R6G-PA ) as fluorophore were designed and synthesized for Hg(II) detection. Probe R6G-PA , which had the lowest detection limit of 0.84 nmol/L, displayed the best fluorescence performance as compared to the other three probes. This type of probe had good anti-interference properties against most common metal ions except Cu(II). Metal Cu(II) had a certain quenching effect on the fluorescence generated by Hg(II), with a minimum detection limit of 0.31 nmol/L (for R6G-Acp ), indicating its potential practicability for Cu(II) detection. The structure-fluorescence relationship was discussed based on density functional theory (DFT) calculations, and R6G-PA + Hg(II), which had the minimum dihedral angle between polycyclic aromatic rings and rhodamine spiro ring, produced the strongest π-π accumulation and provided the brightest fluorescence. Probe R6G-PA was successfully employed for fluorescence detection of Hg(II) in biological samples. Its solid-phase sensor PS@R6G-PA was developed by immobilizing R6G-PA on PS microspheres for the determination of Hg(II) in water and food samples, with excellent reproducibility and fluorescence “on/off” response. The relative error of the spiked recovery rate was less than 10 %.
研究领域:
分析化学
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环境科学
·
生物医学
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TALANTA
·
2021
·
IF 6.057
Beenish Noureen,Najeeb Ullah,Yulan Tian,Liping Du,Wei Chen,Chunsheng Wu,Ping Wang
Saxitoxin (STX), is one of the most dangerous and widespread paralytic shellfish toxins , causing a severe threat to the ecosystem and human health. So, it is important and highly essential to develop novel techniques for STX detection in a convenient, desirable, and low-cost manner. Herein, this study developed an electrolyte-insulator-semiconductor (EIS) sensor covered with a layer-by-layer prepared, positively-charged weak polyelectrolyte layer of poly (allylamine hydrochloride) (PAH) for the label-free detection of STX. The specific aptamer (Apt) sensitive to STX was electrostatically adsorbed onto the PAH layer. This leads to a preferentially flat orientation of the Apt within the Debye length, thus yielding a reduced charge-screening influence and a higher sensor signal. Each step of sensor surface modification, i.e. PAH adsorption, immobilization of Apt, and attachment of STX, was monitored by capacitance-voltage ( C - V ) and constant-capacitance (ConCap) measurements. Furthermore, atomic force microscopy (AFM) was employed to characterize the surface morphology and roughness of the PAH layer. Fluorescence microscopy was used to confirm the effective immobilization of Apt onto the PAH-modified EIS sensor. The results showed that the detection range of this aptasensor for STX detection was 0.5–100 nM and the detection limit was as low as 0.05 nM. Furthermore, this aptasensor showed good selectivity and 9 days’ stability. The mussel tissue extraction test suggested that this aptasensor can be used to detect STX in real samples. This aptasensor provides a convenient approach for moderate, rapid, and label-free detection of marine biological toxins .
研究领域:
分析化学
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环境科学
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毒理学
·
生物传感器
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WATER RESEARCH
·
2026
·
IF 12.8
Tianyi Dong,Cheng Ye,Feiyang Ao,Yao Qu,Feifei Wang,Jan Hofman,Zuxin Xu,Wenhai Chu
Storm-induced overflows make stormwater drainage systems critical pathways for transporting emerging contaminants, such as heterocyclic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (HPAHs), to surface waters, particularly during storms. HPAHs exhibit greater mobility, bioavailability, toxicity, and odor potential than conventional PAHs, however, uncertainties regarding their source apportionment and environmental fate hinder targeted mitigation. Utilizing a Chemical Mass Balance model, we quantified HPAH sources in stormwater overflows and determined that sewer sediments contributed 34%–62% of total HPAH concentrations and 46.7%–51.5% of risk quotient, thereby identifying sewer sediment as primary source. Further stormwater disturbance simulations revealed that low-molecular-weight HPAHs preferentially accumulate on particles, while high-molecular-weight dibenzofuran (DBF) and dibenzothiophene (DBT) readily desorb into water with resuspended sediments. Combined predictions from Ecological Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship models and desorption experiments revealed that DBF and DBT’s higher ecotoxicity and elevated release efficiencies synergistically challenge end-of-pipe removal, potentially posing long-term aquatic risks. Density Functional Theory analyses further clarified that large LUMO-HOMO energy gaps and neutral surface electrostatic potentials of DBF and DBT collectively diminish their adsorption affinity to sediment particles. By quantifying sewer sediment contributions and elucidating the specific transport mechanisms of HPAHs, this study provides a scientific foundation for the management of emerging contaminants in stormwater systems.
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ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
·
2022
·Vol. 30
·期 9
·24606-24616
·
IF 5.19
Li Dan,Li Kang,Liu Yanzehua,Wang Liping,Liu Na,Huang Shaomeng
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) contamination in the environment involves multiple PAHs and various intermediates produced during the microbial metabolic process. A multi-substrate enrichment approach was proposed to develop a mixed bacterial community (MBC) from the activated sludge of a coking wastewater plant. The degradation performance of MBC was evaluated under different initial concentrations of PAHs (25–200 mg/L), temperature (20–35 °C), pH (5.0–9.0), salinity (0–10 g/L NaCl), and coexisting substrates (catechol, salicylic acid, and phthalic acid). The results showed that the degradation rates of phenanthrene and pyrene in all treatments were up to (99 ± 0.71)% and (99 ± 0.90)% after incubation of 5 days, respectively, indicating excellent biodegradation ability of PAHs by MBC. Furthermore, 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing analysis revealed that Pseudomonas was dominant, while Burkholderia had the largest proportion in acidic (pH = 5.0) and saline (10 g/L NaCl) environments. However, the proportion of dominant bacteria in MBC was markedly affected by intermediate metabolites. It was shown that MBC had a higher degradation rate of PAHs in the coexisting matrix due to the timely clearance of intermediates reducing the metabolic burden. Overall, our study provided valuable information to help design an effective strategy for the bioremediation of PAHs in complex environments.
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INTERNATIONAL ARCHIVES OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH
·
2020
·Vol. 93
·期 6
·707-714
·
IF 1.935
Wang Fang,Yang Liuye,Zhang Bin,Liu Gaisheng,Wang Chongjian,Zhang Yawei,Wang Tong
Objective Coal miners are exposed to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), a group of neurotoxicants formed and released during incomplete combustion of coal. High levels of anxiety and depression have been reported in coal miners, but little is known about neurobehavioral functions in populations that are occupationally exposed to PAHs. We tested neurobehavioral performance in coal miners and correlated it with levels of urinary markers of PAH exposure. Methods Levels of urinary PAH metabolites were measured in 652 male coal miners as an indicator of exposure. Subjects were divided into a high-exposure group and a low-exposure group based on the median level of total PAH metabolites. A neurobehavioral core test battery and a questionnaire were used to assess neurobehavioral performance and collect demographic information, respectively. Results The median level of total PAH metabolites in urine was 4.88 μmol/mol creatinine. Highly exposed workers exhibited more fatigue-inertia than less-exposed workers ( p < 0.05), and had lower scores in forward digit span, digit symbol, and Benton visual retention tests ( p < 0.05). Multiple linear regression indicated that age, education, and shift work were significantly correlated with test scores. Conclusions PAH exposure may be associated with neurobehavioral alterations, which should be monitored in coal miners to prevent neurobehavioral disorders.
研究领域:
职业医学
·
环境健康
·
毒理学
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JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
·
2026
·
IF 10.6
Wenbo Guo,Hongyu Ren,Yeheng Wang,Zetang Chai,Xinzuo Yang,Shengqiang Fan,Zifeng Zhang,Guojun Xie,Jie Ding,Nanqi Ren,Bingfeng Liu
Biomimetic silicification enhanced PAH degradation by a microalgae–bacteria consortium. • Silica shells mitigated acid-induced oxidative stress and stabilized cellular metabolism. • Biodegradation remained the dominant PAH removal pathway under strong acidity. • Transcriptomics revealed preserved xenobiotic degradation and energy metabolism. • Silicification shifted microbial response from stress defence to metabolism-driven degradation. High-molecular-weight polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (HMW PAHs) are persistent pollutants whose biodegradation is strongly inhibited under acidic conditions. Here, a microalgae-bacteria consortium composed of Parachlorella kessleri and Paenibacillus illinoisensis was subjected to an integrated fabrication process comprising PDADMAC-assisted aggregation and nanosilicate deposition. Structural characterization confirmed sequential charge reversal, microbial aggregation, and formation of a silica-associated outer interface. Relative to the unmodified consortium, the fabricated group retained more chlorophyll, accumulated less reactive oxygen species, and maintained higher cytochrome P450 content under acid-PAH co-stress. PAH mass-balance analysis showed that biodegradation-associated transformation remained the dominant removal fraction, including an 84.44% biodegradation-associated fraction for benzo[ a ]pyrene at pH 3. Transcriptomic profiles further revealed reduced stress/repair investment together with preservation of energy and xenobiotic-degradation pathways. These multilevel results demonstrate that the complete PDADMAC-nanosilicate treatment stabilizes consortium function and sustains HMW-PAH transformation in a controlled acidic soil-extract system. Download: Download high-res image (220KB) Download: Download full-size image
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