BMC PLANT BIOLOGY
·
2024
·
IF 4.3
Minmin Chen,Xiaoqun Wang,Xiawen Zhou,Baiyu Huang,Yujie Zhao,Haiying Liu,Qiuling He
Tetrastigma hemsleyanum , a traditional Chinese medicinal plant with anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, and anti-tumor properties, faces increasing abiotic stress due to climate change, agricultural chemicals, and industrialization. This study investigated how three abiotic stress factors influence antioxidant enzyme activity, MDA levels, DPPH free radical scavenging capacity, chlorophyll, carotenoids, active compounds, and gene expression in different T. hemsleyanum strains. The comprehensive evaluation indicates that the ZJWZ strain holds potential as a preferred parental material for future resistance breeding. Furthermore, PAL gene expression was strongly positively correlated with flavonoid and phenol contents, highlighting its role in the stress response through the phenylpropanoid-flavonoid pathway. This study contributes to the standardization of the production and breeding of superior strains of T. hemsleyanum . It also lays the foundation for investigating how plants react to environmental stressors.
研究领域:
植物学
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药用植物学
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环境生物学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Plant Stress
·
2024
·
IF 6.8
Mengru Sang,Qinan Liu,Dishuai Li,Jingjie Dang,Shilin Dai,Chanchan Liu,Qinan Wu
Sparganium stoloniferum is a widely distributed aquatic medicinal plant that exhibits exceptional tolerance to environmental stress. Interestingly, the phenols in S. stoloniferum which have medicinal properties, are defensive compounds. Studies integrating transcriptome, proteome, and metabolome analyses have highlighted the phenylpropanoid and flavonoid biosynthesis pathways, which are related to the defense mechanisms of S. stoloniferum . During the growth process, S. stoloniferum rhizoma (SL) accumulates lignin, forming a physical defense, and phenylpropanoids and flavonoids derived during the lignin biosynthesis process provide chemical defense. In this study, a map of the molecular processes involved in the coordinated defense of S. stoloniferum was generated. The expression patterns of genes involved in the coordinated defense of SL were consistent with the omics results. The cDNA of the phenylalanine ammonia-lyase ( PAL ) gene from S. stoloniferum ( Ss PAL) was cloned. The recombinant protein Ss PAL showed good affinity and catalytic activity for L-phenylalanine. Heat stress experiments indicated that genes related to phenol biosynthesis were upregulated when S. stoloniferum responded to stress. Therefore, phenols played a crucial defense role when S. stoloniferum was at an early developmental stage or responded to stress in a short time. In contrast, the physical defense mainly relied on lignin formation, which was the main defense mechanism of SL in the late growth stage. Based on these results, we discuss the causes of phenolic pharmacological substance formation in medicinal aquatic plants. These results provide new insights into the defense strategies of aquatic plants.
研究领域:
植物学
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植物生理学
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分子生物学
·
药理学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
·
2017
·
IF 3.154
Jiandong Cui,Zhilei Tan,Peipei Han,Cheng Zhong,Shiru Jia
We report a novel “anchor–shield” approach for synthesizing a yolk–shell-structured biocatalytic system that consists of a phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) protein particle core and a hollow silica shell with large mesopores by a combination of CaCO3 microtemplates and biomimetic silicification. The method is established upon filling porous CaCO3 cores with PAL via co-precipitation, controlled self-assembly and polycondensation of silanes, cross-link of the PAL molecules, and subsequent CaCO3 dissolution. During this process, the self-assembled layer of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide served as a structure-directing agent of the mesostructure and directed the overgrowth of the mesostructured silica on the external surface of PAL/CaCO3 hybrid microspheres; after CaCO3 dissolution, the cross-linked PAL particles were encapsulated in the hollow silica shell. The hollow silica shell around the enzyme particles provided a “shield” to protect from biological, thermal, and chemical degradation for the enzyme. As a result, the recycling of the PAL enzyme was improved remarkably in comparison to adsorbed PAL on CaCO3. PAL particles with a hollow silica shell still retained 60% of their original activity after 13 cycles, whereas adsorbed PAL on CaCO3 microparticles lost activity after 7 cycles. Moreover, immobilized PAL exhibited higher stability against a proteolytic agent, denaturants, heat, and extreme pH than adsorbed PAL on CaCO3 microparticles. These results demonstrated that the “anchor–shield” approach is an efficient method to obtain a stable and recycled biocatalyst with a yolk–shell structure.
研究领域:
生物催化
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材料科学
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纳米技术
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酶工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
NATURE
·
2025
·
IF 48.5
Zhu Bao,Zhang Yanjun,Gao Rong,Wu Zhihua,Zhang Wei,Zhang Chao,Zhang Penghong,Ye Can,Yao Linbo,Jin Ying,Mao Hui,Tou Peiyao,Huang Peng,Zhao Jiangzhe,Zhao Qiao,Liu Chang-Jun,Zhang Kewei
Salicylic acid (SA) is a pivotal phytohormone for plant responses to biotic and abiotic stresses. Plants have evolved two pathways to produce SA: the isochorismate synthase and phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) pathways 1 . Whereas the isochorismate synthase pathway has been fully identified 2 , 3 , 4 , the PAL pathway remains incomplete. Here we report the full characterization of the PAL pathway for SA biosynthesis via functional analysis of rice ( Oryza sativa ) SA-DEFICIENT GENE 1 ( OSD1 ) to OSD4 . The cinnamoyl-coenzyme A (CoA) ligase OSD1 catalyses the conversion of trans -cinnamic acid to cinnamoyl-CoA, which is subsequently transformed to benzoyl-CoA via the β-oxidative pathway in peroxisomes. The resulting benzoyl-CoA is further converted to benzyl benzoate by the peroxisomal benzoyltransferase OSD2. Benzyl benzoate is subsequently hydroxylated to benzyl salicylate by the endoplasmic reticulum membrane-resident cytochrome P450 OSD3, which is ultimately hydrolysed to salicylic acid by the cytoplasmic carboxylesterase OSD4. Evolutionary analyses reveal that the PAL pathway was first assembled before the divergence of gymnosperms and has been conserved in most seed plants. Activation of the PAL pathway in rice significantly enhances salicylic acid levels and plant immunity. Completion of the PAL pathway provides critical insights into the primary salicylic acid biosynthetic pathway across plant species and offers a precise target for modulating crop immunity.
研究领域:
植物学
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生物化学
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分子生物学
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遗传学
·
农学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
SCIENTIA HORTICULTURAE
·
2025
·
IF 4.2
Xia Yang,Yun Wang,Yan Sun,Jiali Guo,Zhaojun Geng,Bingyao Wei,Peiqin Li,Guanghui Tang
Leaf rust caused by Coleosporium zanthoxyli is a destructive disease that threatens Zanthoxylum bungeanum plantations. To address this, screening for resistant cultivars and exploring their resistance mechanisms are crucial for effective disease management. However, the mechanisms underlying Z. bungeanum 's resistance remain unclear. In this study, we conducted in vivo and in vitro experiments to screen for the resistant cultivar Qiujiao (QJ) and the susceptible cultivar Fengxian Dahongpao (FD). Subsequently, the resistance mechanisms of Z. bungeanum were analyzed by integrating transcriptome and metabolome, the result showed the flavonoid pathway served as the primary metabolic pathway for QJ to confer resistance against C. zanthoxyli . Upon infection with C. zanthoxyli , the key genes ( PAL, CHI , and HCT ) and enzymes (PAL, C4H, and 4CL) involved in the flavonoid pathway were upregulated in QJ, and the total flavonoid content was increased in QJ. Additionally, eight flavonoids from this pathway demonstrated inhibitory effects on C. zanthoxyli spore germination, with naringenin and phloretin exhibiting the stronger activity. Collectively, the flavonoid pathway plays a dominant role in the resistance of Z. bungeanum leaves against C. zanthoxyli .
研究领域:
植物病理学
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分子生物学
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转录组学
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代谢组学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Journal of Future Foods
·
2022
·
IF 0
Yue Chen,Yong Zhu,Likang Qin
ABSTRACT In order to study the changes and mechanism of phenolic compounds during Tartary buckwheat germination, the dynamic changes of phenolic compounds were analyzed, and the activities of enzymes that regulate phenolic compound biosynthesis and degradation were monitored. Total phenolics and total flavonoids presented an interesting dynamic trend with the extension of the germination time, and rutin, gallic acid, chlorogenic acid as well as 2,3,4-trihydroxybenzoic acid contents showed an increasing trend during germination period, the contents were up to (2 663.4 ± 61.1), (449.12 ± 5.26), (99.953 ± 7.800) and (50.442 ± 1.477) mg/100 g DW, respectively. Phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) and chalcone isomerase (CHI) are dominant enzymes in regulating phenolic compound biosynthesis, which showed an increasing trend. Rutin degrading enzyme (RDEs) is the key enzyme in regulating phenolic compound degradation, which showed a decreasing trend. These results suggested that germination processing increases the phenolic compound contents of Tartary buckwheat, which may be regulated by the activation of PAL, CHI and the inhibition of RDEs.
研究领域:
植物科学
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生物化学
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食品科学
✓ 已验证
DOI
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
·
2020
·
IF 5.162
Baoting Sun,Zichen Wang,Xiaoyi Wang,Mengxia Qiu,Zhijin Zhang,Ziyuan Wang,Jiandong Cui,Shiru Jia
The Phenylketonuria (PKU) is an inborn defect of phenylalanine (Phe) metabolism, in which Phe accumulated in the blood causing alterations at the central nervous system. Therefore, the detection of PKU is very important for the early diagnosis of PKU patients. However, existing tests for PKU are time-consuming and require high-resource laboratories. In this study, a novel paper-based biosensor based on phenylalnine ammonia lyase (PAL) hybrid nanoflowers was constructed that provides a semi-quantitative output of the concentration of Phe from urine samples. [email protected] 3 (PO 4 ) 2 hybrid nanoflowers ( [email protected] ) were first prepared using PAL and Ca 2+ . Synthesis conditions of the [email protected] on the formation of the [email protected] were optimized. The [email protected] exhibited 90% activity recovery under optimal condition. Compared with free PAL, the [email protected] displayed good storage stability and increased tolerance to proteolysis. After five consecutive operating cycles, the [email protected] still retained 73% of its initial activity, indicating excellent reusability. Furthermore, the paper-based biosensor was able to detect Phe concentration in urine samples, and exhibited good linearity to the Phe concentrations in the range from 60 to 2400 μM and the response time was only about 10 min. Therefore, the paper-based biosensor can be a promising candidate as a biosensor for the detection of PKU.
研究领域:
生物技术
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医学诊断
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纳米技术
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生物化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Journal of Water Process Engineering
·
2022
·
IF 7.34
Zongying Zhang,Qinze Liu,Tingting Gao,Congde Qiao,Jinshui Yao,Changbin Zhang
Alkaline lignin, a by-product of the paper-pulping process, can undergo phenolation by pyrogallol in the presence of acetone and sulfuric acid to prepare phenolated-alkaline-lignin (PAL). PAL can be further reacted with tetraethylenepentamine (TEPA) to prepare lignin-based catecholamine (PAL-TEPA), which exhibits excellent ability to remove hazardous Cr (VI) from simulated wastewater. In this study, PAL and PAL-TEPA were systematically investigated by SEM, FT-IR, 1 H NMR, TGA, and XPS. The conditions for the preparation of PAL and the various variables affecting the adsorption behavior of PAL-TEPA were optimized sequentially. The adsorption process followed the pseudo-second-order model and fitted to the Langmuir isotherm equation. The maximum adsorption amount reached 600 mg g −1 ( R = 75 %) under optimized conditions (pH = 2.0, C 0 = 200 mg L −1 , V = 100 mL, T = 30 °C, dos. = 25 mg, t = 24 h). Toxic Cr (VI) ions were successfully converted to harmless Cr (III) ions and removed by PAL-TEPA adsorbent. This approach opens new avenues for the utilization of lignin and new kinds of adsorbent for Cr (VI) removal.
研究领域:
环境科学
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化学工程
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材料科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
·
2015
·Vol. 99
·期 11
·4629-4643
·
IF 3.337
Zhang Yan,Shi Junling,Gao Zhenhong,Yangwu Ruiming,Jiang Huanshi,Che Jinxin,Liu Yanlin
Phomopsis sp. XP-8 is an endophytic fungus that has the ability to produce pinoresinol diglucoside (PDG) in vitro and thus has potential application for the biosynthesis of PDG independent of plants. When cultivated in mung bean medium, PDG production was significantly improved and pinoresinol monoglucoside (PMG) and pinoresinol (Pin) were also found in the culture medium. In this experiment, starch, protein, and polysaccharides were isolated from mung beans and separately used as the sole substrate in order to explore the mechanism of fermentation and identify the major substrates that attributed to the biotransformation of PDG, PMG, and Pin. The production of PDG, PMG, and Pin was monitored using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and confirmed using HPLC-MS. Activities of related enzymes, including phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL), trans-cinnamate 4-hydroxylase (C4H), and 4-coumarate-CoA ligase (4CL) were analyzed and tracked during the cultivation. The reaction system contained the compounds isolated from mung bean in the designed amount. Accumulation of phenylalanine, cinnamic acid, p-coumaric acid, PDG, PMG, and Pin and the activities of PAL, C4H, and 4CL were measured during the bioconversion. PMG was found only when mung bean polysaccharide was analyzed, while production of PDG and Pin were found when both polysaccharide and starch were analyzed. After examining the monosaccharide composition of the mung bean polysaccharide and the effect of the different monosaccharides had on the production of PMG, PDG, and Pin, galactose in mung bean polysaccharide proved to be the major factor that stimulates the production of PMG.
研究领域:
微生物学
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生物化学
·
天然产物化学
✓ 已验证
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY
·
2023
·
IF 4.7
Yueyang Zhang,Yue Jiang,Yina Jia,Xiaoyu Pan,Tianrun Zhao,Kaiyue Wang,He Yan,Zhiqing Ma
Background Omphalia lapidescens is a saprophytic and parasitic fungus belonging to the Polypora genus of Tricholomataceae . It has repellent, insecticidal, anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects. Result This study found that the extract of O. lapidescens had significant anti-TMV activity, and the main active component was homopolysaccharide LW-1 by Bioassay-guided fractionation. LW-1 is a glucan with β-(1,3) glucoside bond as the main chain and β-(1,6) glucoside bond as the branch chain, with molecular weight in the range of 172,916–338,827 Da. The protective and inactive efficacies of LW-1(100 mg/L) against TMV were 78.10% and 48.20%, but had no direct effect on the morphology of TMV particles. The results of mechanism of action showed that LW-1 induced the increase of the activity of defense enzymes such as POD, SOD and PAL in Nicotiana glutinosa . The overexpression of resistance genes such as NPR1, PR1 and PR5 , and the increase of SA content. Further transcriptome sequencing showed that LW-1 activated MAPK signaling pathway, plant-pathogen interaction pathway and glucosinolide metabolic pathway in Arabidopsis thaliana . Besides, LW-1 induced crops resistance against plant pathogenic fungi. Conclusion Taken together, the anti-TMV mechanism of LW-1 was to activate MAPK signaling pathway, inducing overexpression of resistance genes, activating plant immune system, and improving the synthesis and accumulation of plant defencins such as glucosinolide. LW-1-induced plant disease resistance has the advantages of broad spectrum and long duration, which has the potential to be developed as a new antiviral agent or plant immune resistance inducer.
研究领域:
植物病理学
·
分子生物学
·
植物化学
·
免疫学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL TECHNOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
·
2015
·Vol. 91
·期 6
·1905-1913
·
IF 2.349
Jiandong Cui,Yuxiao Feng,Shu Yue,Yamin Zhao,Linbo Li,Ronglin Liu,Tao Lin
BACKGROUND Encapsulation of enzymes in biomimetic silica seems to be a promising immobilization method due to mild processing conditions and short preparation time. However, biomimetic silica particles may be considered too small for industrial applications because they result in difficult recovery. Furthermore, the use of R5 peptide or polymers as catalyst usually causes protein denaturation. To overcome these drawbacks, a new stable and recyclable biocatalyst based on co-encapsulation of magnetic nanoparticles and phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) in biomimetic silica has been prepared using enzyme-assisted direct condensation reactions of silicon oxide with tetramethoxysilane (TMOS). RESULTS Under optimal conditions (10 mg mL −1 nanoparticles, 4.5 U mL −1 PAL, 0.8 mol L −1 TMOS), the highest activity recovery (52%) of encapsulated PAL was obtained. Compared with conventional PAL encapsulated in biomimetic silica (28%), the activity recovery was increased 1.86-fold. TEM, CLSM, magnetisation measurements, and FTIR confirmed that the magnetic nanopaticles and PAL had been co-encapsulated into the biomimetic silica. The resulting immobilized PAL exhibited higher activity and stability than native PAL, and the immobilized PAL can be easily separated by applying a magnetic field. CONCLUSIONS This work provides a convenient strategy to prepare stable and easy recycled biocatalyst with excellent catalytic performance. © 2015 Society of Chemical Industry
研究领域:
生物技术
·
材料科学
·
酶学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
POLYMER
·
2022
·
IF 4.432
Bo Zhang,Songyue Liu,Lijie Yin,Ming Tian,Nanying Ning,Liqun Zhang,Wencai Wang
The reaction mechanism and the interfacial modulus gradient of the interfacial transition layer between the environmentally friendly dipping system (PAL) and the rubber have not been fully studied. In order to better understand the chemical structures and nano-mechanical properties of the interface between the dip layer and the rubber, we used advanced atomic force microscope (AFM) and nanoscale Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (nano-FTIR) to perform detailed analysis in this article. The characterization of interfacial nano-mechanical properties and chemical structures is very significant for the illustration of interfacial adhesion mechanism. AFM can effectively characterize the detailed interfacial modulus gradient and the thickness of interface, while nano-FTIR can comprehensively measure the interfacial chemical structures and the distribution of chemical bonds. The results suggest that the thickness of the interface between the PAL dip layer and the rubber matrix is 175 nm, and the crosslinking density of the interfacial layer is high, which explains that the failure location of fiber/rubber composites after pull-out tests occurs on the side of the rubber matrix. Similarly, the microstructure of resorcinol-formaldehyde-latex (RFL) system was also characterized, and the preparation of RFL usually requires carcinogenic and toxic substances such as formaldehyde and resorcinol .
研究领域:
材料科学
·
复合材料
·
纳米技术
·
高分子科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）