Kongyu Dong,Xiaodong Li,Xu Han,Yumei Ji,Yike Yang,Feng Liu
The weaker interface interaction between fluoropolymer binder matrix (F2313) and 3,3ʹ-diamino-4,4ʹ-azoxyfurazan (DAAF) energetic solid particles tends to the formation of “de-wetting” during fabrication, transportation, and storage, causing solid grain collapse, further leading to unsatisfactory explosion effect on the polymer bonded explosive (PBX). Adding neutral polymer bonding agent (NPBA) modified with multiple polar groups is currently the most effective way for reinforcing the composite interface of PBX to inhibit de-wetting. In this contribution, a series of novel NPBA, named 3%FTDI-NPBA, 5%FTDI-NPBA, and 10%FTDI-NPBA, were designed for an F2313/DAAF system by grafting multifunctional FTDI pendants consisting of perfluorobutyl and urethane groups on the side chains of classical NPBA-1. The chemical structure, thermal stability, interfacial properties, and bonding performances of all FTDI-NPBA were systematically investigated. As expected, the introduction of multifunctional pendants could effectively bridge the interface gap between F2313 and DAAF. F2313/DAAF/5%FTDI-NPBA exhibited the best mechanical properties with the Brazilian Disk strength and modulus of 8.16 ± 0.02 MPa and 5.76 ± 0.02 GPa, respectively, 29.52% and 12.50% higher than the system with NPBA-1. Our multifunctional pendants grafting strategy will provide a viable guide for optimizing NPBA.
Three new metal–organic frameworks (MOFs), namely, [Pb7(TTPCA)4Cl2]·3H2O (1), [Pb7(TTPCA)4(DMA)2(HCOO)2]·H2O (2), and [Pb4(TTPCA)3]·3DMF·2H2O·H3O (3), were synthesized by the H3TTPCA ligand [H3TTPCA = 1,1′,1″-(1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-triyl)-tripiperidine-4-carboxylic acid], with lead(II) nitrate under solvothermal conditions. They were characterized by CHN analysis, IR spectroscopy, UV–vis spectroscopy, and single-crystal and powder X-ray diffraction. In addition, their thermogravimetric analysis and fluorescence properties were studied. Compounds 1–3 were 3D MOF structures with different Pbx(COO)y clusters: ([Pb7(COO)12Cl2]), ([Pb7(COO)12]), and [Pb8(COO)18]. Fluorescence detection of compounds 1–3 shows that they can act as excellent sensors of nitrophenols with a low limit of detection and a high quenching constant.
The thermal decomposition and metal-driving performance of four HMX/RDX-based PBXs with varying Al/TiH 2 ratios (0–8 mass% TiH 2 ) were investigated. While TiH 2 addition increased particle roughness, it altered the decomposition kinetics from a first-order model to a complex function described as (− ln(1 − α)) 2 . Although the onset decomposition temperature dropped notably, the critical Self-Accelerating Decomposition Temperature ( \({T}_\text{SADT}\) ) showed only a marginal reduction, suggesting that macroscopic thermal safety remains manageable. Cylinder tests revealed that within the investigated range, the 4 mass% TiH 2 formulation (RHTL-1) enhanced the wall velocity and Gurney coefficient by 5% and 3.6% during the early expansion phase (15–30 μs), whereas higher loadings (8 mass%) shifted energy release to later stages. Consequently, comparing the metallized formulations, 4 mass% TiH 2 offers the most favorable trade-off between early metal-drive capability and energy release characteristics.
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