npj Precision Oncology
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2025
·Vol. 9
·期 1
·1-15
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IF 8
Huo Ran,Xu Quan-guo,You Yi-qing,Chen Yan-lin,Su Guang-jian,Yang Kun-rong,Xiao Yan-ping,Xue Zhong,Li Yang-jin,Sun Pei,Cui Zhao-lei,Lin Ying-ying,Guo Jun-ying,Xu Hai-yan,Chen Zhao-shuo,Xie Wen-ting,Xu Shao-hua,Chen Min-yong,Wu Jing,He Shi-jie,Xiao Zhen-zhou,Chen Yan
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a prevalent and deadly cancer. Gut microbiota affect tumor immunity and immunotherapy efficacy, but the exact mechanisms are unclear. A study compared gut microbiota in HCC patients and healthy controls (HC) using 16S rDNA analysis and metabolomics. It found higher levels of Bifidobacterium and a positive correlation between Bifidobacterium and isobutyric acid in HC group. Animal models showed that the combination of HC fecal matter and αPD-1 treatment reduced tumor volume more effectively than the combination of HCC fecal matter and αPD-1. The combination of Bifidobacterium or isobutyrate with αPD-1 also decreased tumor size. In vitro, isobutyrate-stimulated CD8 + T cells increased IFN-γ secretion, suppressed liver cancer cells, and downregulated the JAK/STAT3 pathway. Combined treatments increased CD8 + T cells and IFN-γ levels and reduced JAK/STAT3 signaling in the tumor microenvironment. This suggests that Bifidobacterium and isobutyrate can inhibit tumor growth, offering insights into gut microbiota-host interactions and potential strategies to overcome HCC immunotherapy resistance.
研究领域:
癌症研究
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免疫学
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微生物学
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分子生物学
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胃肠病学
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生物信息学
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药理学
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细胞生物学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
PHYTOMEDICINE
·
2024
·
IF 6.7
Wang Haoyue,Sun Kexiang,Tan Wei Shan,Gao Jiamin,Yuan Luyun,Wen Junkai,Deng Wanli
Background A controlled type of cell death called ferroptosis is linked to increased reactive oxygen species (ROS), lipid peroxidation, and iron buildup. Furthermore, evidence indicates that ferroptosis may act as an immunogenic form of cell death with potential physiological functions in tumors and immunosuppression. Inducing ferroptosis in tumor cells may have the potential to complement cancer immunotherapy strategies. The development of colorectal cancer (CRC) and the poor efficacy of immunotherapy are associated with the crosstalk of cellular ferroptosis. Currently, Icariin (ICA), the main bioactive component extracted from Epimedium , has been shown to inhibit a variety of cancers. However, the specific role and potential mechanism of ICA in regulating ferroptosis in CRC remains unclear. Purpose The aim of this investigation was to clarify the mechanism underlying the anti-CRC cancer properties of ICA and how it induces ferroptosis to enhance immunotherapy. Methods To evaluate cell viability, the Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) test was utilized. The transwell test and the wound healing assay were used to assess cell migration. A subcutaneous graft tumor model was constructed with C57BL/6 mice using MC38 colorectal cancer cell lines. The inhibitory effect of ICA on CRC, ferroptosis level and immunomodulatory effects were detected by serum biochemical assay, cytokine assay, hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) staining, immunofluorescence staining, CyTOF mass spectrometry flow screening and Western blotting. Western blotting, proteomics, molecular docking and microscale thermophoresis (MST) were used to forecast and confirm ICA's binding and interaction with HMGA2, STAT3, and HIF-1α. Moreover, the levels of lipid peroxidation and ferroptosis were assessed through the use of the C11-BODIPY fluorescent probe, the FerroOrange fluorescent probe, the iron level, the malondialdehyde (MDA) and reduced glutathione (GSH) assay kit, and Western blotting analysis. To assess alterations in mitochondrial structure and membrane potential, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and JC-1 immunofluorescence were employed. Results It was demonstrated in the current study that ICA treatment inhibits CRC and enhances anti-PD-1 therapy efficacy by inciting ferroptosis. As shown in vitro, ICA inhibits CRC cell proliferation, migration, and apoptosis. As demonstrated in vivo, ICA has a dose-dependent tumor suppressor effect when combined with anti-PD-1, it can significantly inhibit tumor growth, increase the expression of serum TNF-α, IFN-γ, and granzyme B, and promote CD69 + CD8 + T, CD69 + CD8 + Tem, CD69 + CD8 + Teff, TCRβ + CD8 + T, TCRβ + CD8 + T, TCRβ + CD8 + Tem, TCRβ + CD8 + Teff. The inhibitory effect of ICA on CRC was associated with the binding of HMGA2, STAT3, and HIF-1α proteins, which inhibited CRC by increasing the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde (MDA), promoting the accumulation of iron (Fe 2+ ), depletion of reduced glutathione (GSH), inhibiting SLC7A11 and GPX4 expressions, thereby inducing ferroptosis in CRC. As a consequence of ICA-induced ferroptosis, mitochondria are dysfunctional, with increased ROS production, membrane potential depolarization (MMP), and ATP production reduced. This process can be efficiently reversed by the mitochondria-targeted antioxidant Mito-Q. It is noteworthy that the ferroptosis inhibitor liproxstatin-1 (lip-1), anti-CD8, and anti-IFN-γ exhibited a significant inhibitory effect on the level of ferroptosis and antitumor capacity of ICA combined with anti-PD-1. This finding suggests that the antitumor immunopotentiating effect of ICA on anti-PD-1 is dependent on the secretion of IFN-γ-induced ferroptosis of CRC cells by the CD8 + T cell. Conclusion Our study represents the inaugural demonstration of the mechanism whereby ICA exerts anti-CRC effects and synergistically enhances the efficacy of anti-PD-1, inducing mitochondrial damage and leading to ferroptosis. ICA promotes ferroptosis of CRC cells by inducing mitochondrial dysfunction, and ICA combined with anti-PD-1 significantly promotes CD69, TCRβ signalling, activates effector CD8 + T cells to secrete IFN-γ, and achieves immunopotentiation by promoting ferroptosis of CRC cells, thus inhibiting CRC development. This study is built upon existing research into the pharmacodynamic mechanisms of ICA in the context of CRC, and offers a novel therapeutic approach in addressing the issue of CRC immunotherapy potentiation.
研究领域:
肿瘤学
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药理学
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免疫学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF CONTROLLED RELEASE
·
2023
·
IF 10.8
Tiantian Liu,Zehang Zhou,Mengxing Zhang,Puxin Lang,Jing Li,Zhenmi Liu,Zhirong Zhang,Lin Li,Ling Zhang
The cuproptosis cell death pathway brings fresh opportunities for tumor therapy. However, efficient and targeted cuproptosis induction in tumors is still a challenge. Unfortunately, the well-known cuproptosis initiator, disulfiram and copper complex (DSF/Cu 2+ ), also increases PD-L1 level in tumors, which may diminish the final therapeutic outcome. In this study, DSF/Cu 2+ -loading MXene nanosheets are coated with PD-1 overexpressing T cell membrane to generate CuX-P system. CuX-P could recognize and stick to PD-L1 on tumor cells like a patch, which promotes the endocytosis of both CuX-P and PD-L1 by tumor cells. Following internalization and release of DSF/Cu 2+ in the cytoplasm, PD-L1 expression is upregulated. However, due to the presence of CuX-P in the tumor microenvironment , the then supplemented PD-L1 on tumor surface again binds CuX-P for internalization. This feedback loop keeps blocking and consuming the PD-L1 on tumor surface and promotes the enrichment of CuX-P in tumors to induce cuproptosis. After CuX-P treatment with laser irradiation, strong anti-tumor immune responses are stimulated in a mouse model with triple-negative breast cancer. Thus, this study develops a tumor-targeted biomimetic system that offers simultaneous cuproptosis killing, photothermal therapy (PTT) and immunotherapy in mice.
研究领域:
肿瘤学
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免疫治疗
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纳米技术
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癌症生物学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
·
2025
·
IF 8.2
Jia Yao,Pengtao Chen,Dingqi Xie,Jianqingchen Chen,Xiao Lin,Yujin Xu
Radiotherapy (RT) is a widely used clinical treatment for cancer, leveraging ionizing radiation; however, some patients exhibit resistance to radiation due to insufficient reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. Copper-based nanomaterials represent a promising class of antitumor agents capable of generating abundant ROS. In this study, R837 and Cu2–xSe were incorporated into PLGA (50:50)20k-PEG2k-iRGD to develop a targeted nanomaterial for tumor therapy. These nanoparticles effectively induced cuproptosis, inhibited tumor cell proliferation, remodeled the tumor immune microenvironment (TME), and promoted immunogenic cell death (ICD), thereby enhancing the efficacy of PD-1 checkpoint blockade therapy (αPD-1). Furthermore, our results demonstrated that the Cu2–xSe(R837)-iRGD nanoformulations, in combination with radiotherapy, promoted the infiltration of CD8+ T cells and activated antitumor immune responses in vivo. In conclusion, our study confirmed that Cu2–xSe(R837)-iRGD nanoformulations combined with radiotherapy yielded promising therapeutic outcomes and held potential for clinical application in osteosarcoma (OS) treatment.
研究领域:
肿瘤学
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纳米医学
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免疫治疗
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辐射生物学
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生物无机化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Materials Today Bio
·
2025
·
IF 10.2
Liangyin Wei,Hong Wang,Xietao Ye,Junfan Yue,Hong Guo,Dengxuan Mao,Xia Li,Yeyang Sun,Congyan Liu,Yuping Liu,Yan Chen
The response rate of programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1) inhibitors in breast cancer remains unsatisfactory, primarily due to the limited infiltration and activity of tumor-infiltrating T lymphocytes (TILs). Previous studies demonstrated that oxymatrine (Om) and astragaloside IV (As) could enhance TIL infiltration and function by inhibiting cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) and promoting mitochondrial activity in TILs, respectively. Thus, combining Om and As may be a promising strategy to improve the antitumor effects of PD-1 inhibitors in breast cancer. However, co-delivery above drugs into breast cancer tissue is challenging due to their low bioavailability and distinct physicochemical properties. This study addresses this challenge by formulating Om and As co-loaded liposomes (Om-As-Lip) and comparing the scale-up production methods: high-pressure homogenization (EP-HPH) and microfluidics. Om-As-Lip prepared via microfluidics demonstrated superior entrapment efficiency (As: 99.03 ± 0.04%, Om: 67.01 ± 0.02%) and a significantly higher production rate (22.12 mL/min) compared to EP-HPH (1.19 mL/min). Additionally, Om-As-Lip produced by microfluidics increased the area under the curve (AUC) (Om: 6.17-fold, As: 2.07-fold) and maximum concentration (Cmax) (Om: 1.58-fold, As: 3.49-fold) compared to the free drugs. Importantly, Om-As-Lip enhanced the antitumor efficacy of α-PD-1 by inhibiting CAF activation and boosting TIL activity, resulting in a tumor inhibition rate of 61.2% and extended survival in mice. This work presents a novel perspective for scaling up co-delivered formulations of drugs with differing polarities to improve breast cancer immunotherapy.
研究领域:
药学
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肿瘤免疫学
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生物医学工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Biomaterials Science
·
2020
·Vol. 8
·期 17
·4757-4766
·
IF 6.183
Jing Zhang,Dan Liu,Jiale Liu,Yanfeng Han,Haiyan Xu,Xigang Leng,Deling Kong,Lanxia Liu
Combined blockades of CTLA-4 and PD-1 can yield better overall complementary clinical outcomes than individual blockades, but the response rates are still relatively low. To investigate the anti-tumor effects of various combined strategies, we designed various spherical nucleotide nanoparticles (SNPs) loaded with CTLA-4 aptamer (cSNPs), PD-1 siRNA (pSNPs) or both (hybrid SNPs, or hSNPs). The results demonstrated that hSNPs could promote significantly stronger anti-tumor immune responses in a nonredundant fashion than the mixture of pSNPs and cSNPs (pSNPs & cSNPs). We reasoned that this is because all individual immune cells could receive both CTLA-4 and PD-1 blockades when they engulfed hSNPs, but it is much less likely that individual immune cells could receive both CTLA-4 and PD-1 blockades as many of them may not take both pSNPs and cSNPS from pSNPs & cSNPs. Further results revealed that the synergistic immune stimulatory effects of CTLA-4 and PD-1 blockades in the form of hSNPs were at least partly through regulating the immune suppressive function of both Tregs and TIM3+ exhausted-like CD8 T cells and allowing effector T cells to expand. This mechanism is not identical to earlier reported mechanisms of CTLA-4 and PD-1 blockades.
研究领域:
癌症免疫治疗
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纳米技术
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分子生物学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
CANCER LETTERS
·
2020
·
IF 7.36
Huimin Tao,Lu Cheng,Lihua Liu,Hong Wang,Zhijie Jiang,Xu Qiang,Lijun Xing,Yifeng Xu,Xinying Cai,Jing Yao,Min Wang,Zheng Qiu
Antibodies blocking the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway have achieved great success. However, some disadvantages of antibodies have been found, which limit their clinical applications. Peptide antagonists are alternatives to antibodies in PD-1/PD-L1 blockage, but successful studies in this area are limited. A PD-1 targeting peptide, P–F4, was identified using phage display. P–F4 bound PD-1 with an affinity of 0.119 μM, inhibited PD-1/PD-L1 interaction at the cellular level and modulated T cell activity in vitro . We have overcome the poor solubility and rapid degradation problems of this peptide by packaging P–F4 in nanoparticles. In vivo experiments demonstrated that P–F4 nanoparticles could strongly inhibit tumor growth in a CT26 mouse model. Further research revealed that treatment of P–F4 nanoparticles increased CD8+T cells and reduced Tregs in the tumor microenvironment and tumor-draining lymph nodes. It was shown that treatment of P–F4 nanoparticles also increased lymphocytic activities, including proliferation, cytokine secretion and cytolytic activity. Moreover, computer modeling suggested that the P–F4 binding site to PD-1 overlaps with the PD-L1 binding surface. In this study, a peptide candidate for cancer immunotherapy was provided, and its working mechanisms were studied.
研究领域:
癌症免疫疗法
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药学
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免疫学
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生物技术
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分子生物学
✓ 已验证
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
COLLOIDS AND SURFACES B-BIOINTERFACES
·
2025
·
IF 5.6
Feng Lin,Hong Huang,Jie Long,Renchuan Liang,Yunxi Huang,Xiaoling Luo
Cancer remains a major global health burden due to its high rates of recurrence and resistance to conventional therapies. Although PD-L1/PD-1 immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have emerged as promising treatments by restoring T cell function and enhancing anti-tumor immunity, their efficacy is often limited by immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (ITM) and metabolic adaptations that impair T cell activity. To address these challenges, we developed a novel intelligent drug delivery platform that integrates PANoptosis induction, metabolic modulation and targeted nanotherapy. Specifically, hollow mesoporous manganese dioxide (H-MnO 2 ) nanoshells were synthesized and co-loaded with SOAT1 inhibitor avasimibe (Ava). Trop2-specific targeting ligands were further conjugated to enable precise tumor localization, resulting in the multifunctional nanoplatform Ava@HM/Trop2. Upon tumor accumulation via Trop2-mediated targeting, acidic pH conditions and TME stimuli trigger rapid degradation of the H-MnO 2 nanoshells, releasing Ava and inducing PANoptosis. This process activates the cGAS-STING pathway, remodels immunosuppressive TME, mitigates lipid-induced T cell senescence, and synergizes with PD-1 blockade to potentiate anti-tumor immunity. Both in vitro and in vivo experiments demonstrate that Ava@HM/Trop2 achieves efficient tumor targeting, robust tumor cell apoptosis, and improved therapeutic outcomes. This innovative multi-modal strategy highlights a promising avenue for overcoming immunotherapy resistance and advancing the clinical management of solid tumors.
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Frontiers in Immunology
·
2025
·
IF 5.9
Dong-Ni Pei,Yang Song,Ying-Xia Zhou,Bo Shu,Shao-wei Huang,Fa-Zhao Li,Wei-Dong Dai,Bao-Ye Sun
Purpose Conventional type 1 dendritic cells (cDC1s) mastermind anti-cancer immunity and play a pivotal role in determining the efficacy of cancer immunotherapies. In this study, we sought to decipher the dynamic changes in the tumor immune landscape during intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (iCCA) development and harness the therapeutic potential of targeting cDC1s for cancer therapy. Methods We constructed spontaneous murine iCCAs via hydrodynamic tail vein injection (HDTVi) of plasmids encoding AKT/YAP. To characterize tumor-infiltrating immune cell populations throughout iCCA carcinogenesis and progression, we performed time-of-flight mass cytometry (CyTOF). To expand and activate cDC1s, we combined Flt3L with poly I:C (FL-pIC) therapy and assessed its therapeutic efficacy in both AKT/YAP-induced iCCAs and a subcutaneous tumor injection model. Flow cytometric analyses were used to evaluate intra-tumoral infiltration levels of cDCs and CD8 + T cells. Results CyTOF analysis revealed the progressive formation of an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment as iCCA advances. Crucially, infiltration of cDC1s dramatically decreases in advanced iCCAs compared to early-stage tumors. Combined FL-pIC therapy preferentially expanded CD103 + cDC1s, powerfully inhibiting tumorigenesis in AKT/YAP-driven murine iCCAs and sensitizing these tumors to anti-PD-1 therapy. Moreover, FL-pIC therapy markedly suppressed the growth of established mIC-23 subcutaneous tumors. Conclusions Our findings demonstrate that recruiting and activating intra-tumoral cDC1s is feasible and essential for driving anti-tumor CD8 + T cell immune responses and enhancing anti-PD-1 therapeutic effectiveness in iCCA.
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Nature Biomedical Engineering
·
2021
·Vol. 6
·期 1
·32-43
·
IF 25.671
Zheng Di-Wei,Deng Wei-Wei,Song Wen-Fang,Wu Cong-Cong,Liu Jie,Hong Sheng,Zhuang Ze-Nan,Cheng Han,Sun Zhi-Jun,Zhang Xian-Zheng
Because a host’s immune system is affected by host–microbiota interactions, means of modulating the microbiota could be leveraged to augment the effectiveness of cancer therapies. Here we report that patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) whose tumours contained higher levels of bacteria of the genus Peptostreptococcus had higher probability of long-term survival. We then show that in mice with murine OSCC tumours injected with oral microbiota from patients with OSCCs, antitumour responses were enhanced by the subcutaneous delivery of an adhesive hydrogel incorporating silver nanoparticles (which inhibited the growth of bacteria competing with Peptostreptococcus ) alongside the intratumoural delivery of the bacterium P. anaerobius (which upregulated the levels of Peptostreptococcus ). We also show that in mice with subcutaneous or orthotopic murine OSCC tumours, combination therapy with the two components (nanoparticle-incorporating hydrogel and exogenous P. anaerobius ) synergized with checkpoint inhibition with programmed death-1. Our findings suggest that biomaterials can be designed to modulate human microbiota to augment antitumour immune responses.
研究领域:
肿瘤学
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免疫学
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微生物学
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生物材料
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF CONTROLLED RELEASE
·
2021
·
IF 9.776
Mengshi Jiang,Bing Qin,Lihua Luo,Xiang Li,Yingying Shi,Junlei Zhang,Zhenyu Luo,Chunqi Zhu,Guannan Guan,Yongzhong Du,Jian You
The hypoxic tumor microenvironment (TME) hinders the effectiveness of immunotherapy . Alleviating tumor hypoxia to improve the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) represented by programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) antibody has become a meaningful strategy. In this study, we adopted three methods to alleviate hypoxia, including direct oxygen delivery using two different carriers and an indirect way involving HIF-1α inhibition. Both in vivo and in vitro experiments showed that liposomes modified with perfluorocarbon or hemoglobin ( [email protected] or [email protected] ) were able to efficiently load and release oxygen, relieving tumor hypoxia. However, the gas release behavior of [email protected] was uncontrollable, which might induce acute hyperoxia side effects during intravenous injection and reduce its biosafety. In contrast, whether administered locally or systemically, [email protected] revealed high animal tolerance, and was much safer than commercial HIF-1α inhibitor (PX-478), displaying prospects as a promising oxygen carrier for clinical practice. Pharmacodynamic experiments suggested that [email protected] helped PD-1 antibody break the therapeutic bottleneck and significantly inhibited the progression of 4 T1 breast cancer. But in CT26 colon cancer , the combination therapy failed to suppress tumor growth. After in-depth analysis and comparison, we found that the ratio of M1/M2 tumor associated macrophages (TAMs) between these two tumor models were dramatically different. And the lower M1/M2 ratio in CT26 tumors limited the anti-tumor effect of combination therapy. In this study, three methods for alleviating tumor hypoxia were compared from the perspectives of biosafety, efficacy and clinical applicability. Among them, [email protected] stood out, and its combined use with PD-1 antibody exhibit a distinct synergistic suppression effect on tumors with more M1 macrophages presented in the microenvironment. Our work provided a good reference for improving the efficacy of PD-1 antibody by alleviating tumor hypoxia.
研究领域:
肿瘤学
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免疫疗法
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药理学
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生物医学工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Acta Biomaterialia
·
2025
·
IF 9.6
Yue Hu,Xi He,Ping Chen,Xiao-Li Tian,Rong Wang,Xiangrong Song,Xiao-Qi Yu,Ji Zhang
mRNA-based protein replacement therapy has become one of the most widely applied forms of mRNA therapy, with lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) being extensively studied as efficient delivery platforms for mRNA. However, existing LNPs tend to accumulate in the liver or kidneys after intravenous injection, highlighting the need to develop vectors capable of targeting specific organs. In this study, we synthesized a small library of ionizable lipids and identified PPz-2R 1 as a promising candidate, exhibiting lung-targeting capabilities, high mRNA transfection efficiency, and good stability through structure-activity relationship studies. In an in situ lung cancer model with PTEN deletion, precise delivery of PTEN mRNA to the lungs restored the cancer-suppressing function of the PTEN protein and successfully alleviated the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment in the lungs by modulating immune cell activity and cytokine levels. Additionally, the upregulation of PD-L1 expression at the tumor site was triggered. Building on this, in vivo treatment with PTEN mRNA combined with anti-PD-1 therapy was tested in tumor-bearing mice. The results demonstrated that the combined treatment strategy effectively overcame immune escape, promoted T cell infiltration, improved survival rates over 60 days, and significantly inhibited tumor growth. Furthermore, the combination treatment was more effective than either therapy alone. This study presents an effective and practical strategy for the targeted treatment of lung diseases and relevant combination therapies. Statement of significance Lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) have been extensively studied as efficient delivery vectors for mRNA. However, it remains essential to develop vectors that can specifically target distinct organs. In this study, we designed and synthesized a series of piperazine-containing ionizable lipids and their analogues, which were initially explored as lung-targeting vectors for PTEN mRNA delivery. Through screening in both in vitro and in vivo experiments, we found that the leading LNPs-assisted PTEN mRNA-mediated protein supplementation therapy effectively downregulated Treg expression and activated immune cells, thereby reversing the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment in a mouse model of lung cancer. Furthermore, when combined with anti-PD-1-mediated immunotherapy, the combination therapy exhibited the strongest tumor growth inhibition. This approach offers a novel strategy for the targeted treatment of lung diseases and associated combination therapies.
研究领域:
肿瘤学
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分子生物学
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药学
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免疫疗法
✓ 已验证
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
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