RSC Advances
·
2021
·Vol. 11
·期 57
·35994-36006
·
IF 3.361
Jiale Cai,Xiaoting Zhong,Jiayin Liang,Can Xu,Huanzheng Yu,Minghua Xian,Chunyan Yan,Shumei Wang
Diabetes seriously endangers public health and brings a heavy economic burden to the country. Inflammation is one of the main inducing factors of type-2 diabetes (T2D) and may cause some complications of diabetes, such as diabetic encephalopathy and peripheral neuropathy. In-depth research and development of drugs to cure diabetes and complications are of great significance. Pueraria lobate is a medicinal herb used in several countries to treat many diseases. Here, two new polysaccharides (PLB-1-1 and PLB-1-2) were isolated and purified from the root of Pueraria lobata with molecular weights of 9.1 × 103 Da and 3.8 × 103 Da, respectively. The structure was evaluated by monosaccharide composition, GC-MS and NMR spectroscopy. It was determined that PLB-1-1 comprised →4)-α-D-Glcp-(1→, α-D-Glcp-(1→, →6)-β-D-Galp-(1→, →3)-α-L-Araf-(1→, →3,6)-β-D-Manp-(1→ and →4,6)-β-D-Manp-(1→, and PLB-1-2 consisted of →4)-α-D-Glcp-(1→, β-D-Glcp-(1→, →4,6)-β-D-Glcp-(1→, →3,6)-β-D-Manp-(1→ and α-L-Fucp-(1→. Furthermore, both PLB-1-1 and PLB-1-2 showed anti-inflammatory and inhibitory activities of α-glucosidase and α-amylase in vitro. Therefore, the new polysaccharides, i.e., PLB-1-1 and PLB-1-2, may be considered candidates for the treatment of diabetes and its related complications.
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Food Biophysics
·
2024
·
IF 2.8
Liu Junping,Liang Chaorui,Jiang Hongwei,Yu Ziqi,Zou Liqiang,Zhou Lei,Liu Wei
Enzymatic browning induced by polyphenol oxidase (PPO) plays a significant role to quality reduction in fruit and vegetables. PPO inhibitors derived from natural products are gaining attention for their strong inhibitory abilities and low toxicity. This study aims to identify the component of phenolic-rich extract from Pueraria lobata root and evaluate their inhibitory capacity on PPO. The results showed that nine phenolics were identified by UPLC-QE-Orbitrap-MS method as PPO effective inhibitors based on their IC 50 values, in which kaempferol showed the strongest inhibitory effect. Among the inhibitors, kaempferol, daidzein, phloretin and luteolin with different inhibitory abilities were selected as representative flavonols, isoflavones, chalcones and flavonoids compounds to investigate the kinetics analysis and molecular interaction. Kaempferol and daidzein exhibited competitive inhibition on PPO, while phloretin and luteolin showed mixed-type and non-competitive inhibition, respectively. According to the fluorescence spectra results, these inhibitors were bound to PPO and quenching fluorescence, among which kaempferol showed the highest K b value and accompanied by the blueshift. Molecular docking results indicated that the inhibitors interact with PPO primarily through hydrophobic interactions, van der Waals forces and hydrogen bonds, in which kaempferol showed the strongest binding ability with the lowest binding energy. This research provides a theoretical basis for the practical application of Pueraria lobata root extracts as natural PPO inhibitors in the food industry.
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JOURNAL OF SEPARATION SCIENCE
·
2023
·Vol. 47
·期 1
·2300672
·
IF 3.1
Bing Li,Pan Jiao,Cheng Tang
In this study, a deep eutectic solvent (DES) extraction combined with a magnetic bead ligand affinity analytical method was developed and used for α-glucosidase inhibitor identification from Pueraria lobata . Several critical parameters affecting the analysis performance, including the type of DES, molar ratio, water amount, pH, salt concentration, and volume of DES, were investigated. The selected analytical sample preparation conditions were as follows. The composition of DES is choline chloride-1,4-butanediol (1:3), the water content is 40%, pH is 7.0 and the volume of extraction solution is 2 mL. The obtained sample extraction solution was analyzed directly using α-glucosidase immobilized magnetic beads (GMBs). Three α-glucosidase inhibitors in Pueraria lobata , including puerarin, daidzin, and daidzein, were identified. Luteolin was used as a positive control to evaluate the method's selectivity. Results showed it could selectively bond to the GMBs in the DES. As the affinity analysis was performed directly in a DES, the solution-removing process could be avoided. The intra-day and inter-day precisions of the method are 5.21% and 6.38%, respectively. The solvent amount was 1/50–1/2000 of that used in traditional methods.
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RSC Advances
·
2018
·Vol. 8
·期 43
·24392-24398
·
IF 2.936
Wen-Chao Lu,Zi-Chun Zhu,Bei-Hua Hou,Hai-Xia Zhang,Min-Ji Liao,Zhen-Yu Wu,Ping Chen
Many efficient and non-precious metal catalysts for oxygen reduction or hydrogen evolution reactions have been developed, but bifunctional catalysts for both oxygen reduction reaction and hydrogen evolution reactions are seldom reported despite their advantages. Herein, we designed the bulk preparation of heteroatom-doped nanoporous carbon catalysts using widely available and recyclable Pueraria lobata powder as the carbon source. The typical product was N, P and Fe Tri-doped nano-porous carbon (N,P,Fe-NPC) with high surface area (BET surface area of 776.68 m2 g−1 and electrochemical surface area of 55.0 mF cm−2). The typical N,P,Fe-NPC sample simultaneously exhibited high activities for oxygen reduction and hydrogen evolution reactions. Because of the high surface area and the tri-doping of N, P and Fe elements, the prepared material may have applications in other fields such as gas uptake, sensors, sewage treatment, and supercapacitors. The suggested approach is low-cost, simple and readily scalable.
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MOLECULAR NUTRITION & FOOD RESEARCH
·
2026
·Vol. 70
·期 18
·e70603
·
IF 4.5
Xiang Zhou,Hao Chen,Changjian Xue,Jiayao Sun,Yukun Ma,Xiang Ma,Chenxi Wu,Jing Shi,Wei Chen,Hongliang Qian,Dechun Huang
Medicinal and edible plants are promising antidiabetic candidates due to their combined nutritional and pharmacological properties. However, the disconnection between bioactive substance extraction and efficacy validation hampers the development of integrated functional interventions. Here, a green and efficient subcritical ethanol-water extraction (SEWE) system was developed to obtain puerarin-enriched extracts (PEE) from Pueraria lobata . By introducing ethanol as a green polarity-modifying co-solvent, the SEWE system enabled polarity-tunable extraction under relatively mild subcritical conditions, thereby balancing extraction efficiency and compound stability. Compared with conventional extraction methods, SEWE significantly enhanced puerarin enrichment and overall extract quality, and the resulting extracts (SEWE-P) further exhibited enhanced bioactivities, including antioxidant, enzyme inhibitory, and anti-inflammatory effects, together with intracellular ROS-scavenging capacity, while maintaining good biocompatibility in vitro. In streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice, oral administration of SEWE-P significantly improved glycemic control, enhanced insulin sensitivity, and promoted pancreatic β-cell recovery. Mechanistically, SEWE-P activated the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway to improve glucose metabolism and suppressed NF-κB-mediated inflammation and oxidative stress. Overall, this study establishes an integrated green extraction–function evaluation strategy, providing a scalable approach for the development of multifunctional plant-based antidiabetic interventions.
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Analytical Methods
·
2017
·Vol. 9
·期 33
·4858-4862
·
IF 1.9
Ge Zhang,Xiu-Han Guo,Shi-Sheng Wang,Yue-Qing Li,Guang-Zhe Li,Wei-Jie Zhao
Ultrafiltration combined with liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (UF-LC-MS) is an efficient affinity-based method to screen potential ligands of biomacromolecules from natural sources. In order to investigate the effects of constituents from Pueraria labta Ohwi on tyrosinase, a UF-LC-MS method for screening tyrosinase ligands was established. Seven constituents were screened as tyrosinase ligands with high affinity and their structures were elucidated as isoflavones and isoflavone glycosides by mass spectrum analysis, among which puerarin exhibited much stronger inhibitory activity in vitro than arbutin against tyrosinase. An in silico docking study indicates that the interaction between puerarin and tyrosinase mainly derived from hydrogen bonds and π–cation interaction.
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SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
·
2022
·
IF 9.136
Tong Wang,Qing Guo,Hua Yang,Wen Gao,Ping Li
In this study, we developed an efficient and green pH-controlled reversible deep-eutectic solvents (DESs) based enzyme system for efficient extraction, transformation and in-situ separation of natural products from herbs. As a case study, seven isoflavones in the root of Pueraria lobata were selected as target compounds. A series of DESs were firstly prepared and the extraction efficiency for target compounds with or without cellulase catalysis was investigated. We found that [N 4444 ][Cl]:ethylene glycol (1:2) with cellulase addition show the highest extraction efficiency for isoflavones. More importantly, the phase behavior of [N 4444 ][Cl]:ethylene glycol (1:2) based cellulase system was found to be pH-controlled. When pH is 5.0, the system is a homogeneous single-phase system, which is conducive to the extraction of natural products. When pH is 6.4, the system changes from the single-phase to the heterogeneous two-phase, to realize the in-situ separation of the compounds. Therefore, by adjusting the pH of the system, the in-situ separation of isoflavones was successfully realized with high recovery yields. The pH-controlled DESs based enzyme-assisted extraction system overcomes the incompatibility between enzyme catalysis and conventional organic solvent in extraction, which could efficiently extract seven isoflavones from Pueraria lobata root.
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JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY A
·
2026
·
IF 4
Min Zhou,Rusen Miao,Xiaoxu Chen,Anqi Wang,Xueman Wei,Initizar Anwar,Yuefei Wang,Hongyan Wang,Fei Tian
A hydrophilic SUPRADES was constructed for selective extraction of isoflavone from P. lobata root. • The SUPRADES achieved 70.4 mg/g puerarin, 1.33–5.33-fold higher than conventional methods. • Selective extraction mechanism was elucidated by FT-IR, ¹H NMR, and DFT theoretical calculations. • The SUPRADES retains >97% extraction capacity over 7 cycles with superior batch reproducibility. • GAPI evaluation verifies the eco-sustainability of the entire isoflavone extraction process. Supramolecular deep eutectic solvents (SUPRADES) have are promising green extraction media for the sustainable extraction of bioactive compounds from plant materials. In this study, a combined strategy of SUPRADES with ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) was developed for the efficient extraction and enrichment of isoflavones from the root of Pueraria lobata. The extraction process was systematically optimized using single-factor experiments followed by Box–Behnken design (BBD) response surface methodology. The optimal SUPRADES system consisted of L‑proline and urea at a 1:2 molar ratio, supplemented with 5 wt% β‑cyclodextrin and 30 wt% water. Under these conditions, the yield of puerarin reached 70.4 ± 0.6 mg/g, which is 1.33‑ to 5.33‑fold higher than those obtained with conventional methods. The self‑assembled structure of the SUPRADES and its molecular‑level interaction mechanism with isoflavones were further elucidated by FT‑IR spectroscopy, ¹H NMR spectroscopy, and density functional theory (DFT) calculations. These results confirmed that the extraction process is synergistically driven by hydrogen bonding and β‑cyclodextrin‑mediated host–guest complexation. GAPI evaluation demonstrated the excellent environmental friendliness and sustainability of the established method. Collectively, this study provides a novel and efficient extraction strategy for isoflavones from Pueraria lobata root and offers a theoretical basis for green the extraction of natural products in traditional Chinese medicine. Download: Download high-res image (408KB) Download: Download full-size image
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Foods
·
2024
·Vol. 13
·期 15
·2431
·
IF 4.7
Ruixi Gao,Qi Huang,Yanfeng Zeng,Dandan Chen,Ziming Jia,Bingchen Han,Xianju Huang,Qiang Wang,Xin Hu,Maochuan Liao,Jun Li
Background: Lipid metabolism disorder appears to be one of the early features of alcoholic liver disease (ALD), which can be speculated via omics analysis including liver transcriptomics and gut microbiota. A complex consisting of the roots ofPueraria lobataand dried fruits ofPrunus mume(PPC), which possesses hepatoprotective effects, could serve as a drug or functional food. The lack of non-polysaccharide compounds in PPC with their moderation effects on gut microbiota suggests the necessity for a relevant study. Methods: Six groups of Kunming mice (control, Baijiu injury, silybin, low, medium, and high) were modelled by gavage with Baijiu (for 14 days) and PPC (equivalent to a maximum dose of 9 g/kg in humans). The liver transcriptome data were analyzed to predict gene annotation, followed by the verification of gut microbiota, serum, tissue staining, immunohistochemistry, and Western blotting. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry was used to detect the components. Results: PPC normalized serum ALT (40 U/L), down-regulated TLR4-NF-κB signaling pathway to inhibit the release of TNF-α (90 pg/mL), improved the expression of occludin, claudin-4, and ZO-1, and restored the abundance ofMuribaculaceae,BacteroidesandStreptococcus. Conclusion: PPC can alleviate ALD by regulating the gut microbiota with an anti-inflammatory and intestinal barrier, and has an application value in developing functional foods.
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JOURNAL OF SEPARATION SCIENCE
·
2025
·Vol. 48
·期 5
·e70169
·
IF 2.8
Bing Li,Yidan Lun,Kun Yao,Cheng Tang
In this work, for the first time, a deep eutectic solvent assisted ligand affinity assay was proposed. Several critical parameters affecting the analysis performance were investigated and the optimized DES extract conditions were as follows: the solution of tetrabutylammonium chloride–ethylene glycol (1:2) was prepared as an extract solution. A total of 1.4 mol/L sodium citrate (pH = 6.6) was used for phase separation, and the vortex extraction time was 5 min. Analytes could be enriched in the phase of deep eutectic solvent after phase separation. Then, they could be analyzed by α-glucosidase immobilized magnetic beads affinity assay directly. Results showed the proposed method could detect luteolin (a positive control) from plasma selectively. The LOD was 2 µg/mL. The intraday precision and the interday precision were 7.86% and 6.66%, respectively. By using the proposed method as a tool, plasma of the rats that administrated the extract of Pueraria lobata was analyzed. The bio-active flavonoids absorbed in the body such as puerarin, daidzin, daidzein, and a metabolite of puerarin (puerarin glucuronide) were found. The method has the benefits of a simplified analytic process, high resolution, and is a reliable method.
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Pharmaceuticals
·
2024
·Vol. 17
·期 12
·1675
·
IF 4.3
Yaping Chen,Qiuqi Wen,Meng Lin,Bing Yang,Liang Feng,Xiaobin Jia
Objectives:Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) is recognized for its complex composition and multiple therapeutic targets. However, current pharmacological research often concentrates on extracts or individual components. The former approach faces numerous challenges, whereas the latter oversimplifies and disregards the synergistic effects among TCM components. This study aims to investigate the scientific validity of focusing on the active constituent in TCM efficacy research, usingPueraria lobata(P. lobata) as a case study.Methods:Through spectrum-effect correlation analysis, network pharmacology, and molecular docking, five active ingredients ofP. lobatawere identified: puerarin, formononetin, tuberosin, 4′,7-dihdroxy-3′-methoxyisoflavone, and Daidzein-4,7-diglucoside. These ingredients were combined to form an active constituent, which was subsequently tested in vitro and in vivo.Results:In in vitro, the active constituent exhibited superior effects in enhancing glucose consumption and glycogen synthesis compared to both theP. lobataextract and individual components. In vivo experiments demonstrated that medium and high doses of the active constituent were significantly more effective thanP. lobataextract, with effects comparable to those of metformin in reducing blood sugar levels.Conclusions:The active constituent effectively improves T2DM by lowering blood glucose levels, promoting glycogen synthesis, and modulating glycolipid metabolism. Both in vitro and in vivo studies indicate that it outperformed theP. lobataextract and individual components. This study establishes the scientific validity and feasibility of utilizing the active constituent as the focus for investigating the efficacy of TCM, thereby offering novel insights and a new research paradigm for future TCM investigations.
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Antioxidants
·
2026
·Vol. 15
·期 7
·888
·
IF 8.2
Yin Liu,Yan Wang,Xinyu Shi,Ruomei Che,Xiaoli He
Background:Danshen–Gegen is a classic herb pair in traditional Chinese medicine, which has been used to treat cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Ischemic stroke (IS) is a prevalent cerebrovascular condition; ferroptosis is one of the contributing factors driving the progression of IS. This study aims to determine the underlying mechanism and examine if Danshen–Gegen (DG) extract may prevent cerebral ischemia–reperfusion injury by preventing ferroptosis.Methods:The comprehensive compositional characterization of DG was analyzed by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with hybrid quadrupole-orbitrap high-resolution mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-orbitrap MS). The experiments were conducted in middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion (MCAO/R) rats and oxygen-glucose deprivation/re-oxygenation (OGD/R) cells. The neuroprotective effects of DG on IS were assessed by examining rat survival rates, infarct volume, behavioral scores, and cerebral water content. Then, we tested the accumulation of Fe2+and lipid peroxidation products such as reactive oxygen species (ROS), glutathione (GSH), malondialdehyde (MDA), myeloperoxidase (MPO), and 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE) in rats and cells. The expression of nuclear factor erythroid-derived 2-like 2 (Nrf2), Solute Carrier Family 7 Member 11 (-xCT), Glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4), Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), Transferrin Receptor 1 (TFR1), and Long-chain-fatty-acid–CoA ligase 4 (ACSL4) was also assessed in vivo and in vitro.Results:UPLC-Q-orbitrap MS analysis was performed to characterize the chemical profile of DG, and a total of 33 chemical constituents were successfully identified. DG significantly alleviated the ischemic damage to brain tissue, reduced infarct volume, and improved neurological dysfunction. The content of Fe2+and lipid peroxidation products was markedly decreased. Furthermore, DG could restore the expression of Nrf2, -xCT, and GPX4 with the inhibition of COX-2, TFR1, and ACSL4, thus achieving a suppressive effect on ferroptosis.Conclusions:The regulatory influence of DG via the Nrf2/System xc-/GPX4 axis may play a crucial role in alleviating ferroptosis and enhancing recovery from cerebral ischemia injury.
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