Current Analytical Chemistry
·
2024
·Vol. 21
·期 2
·124-133
·
IF 1.7
Zhengming Qian,Zhuobin He,Dongyin Lian,Qi Huang,Guoying Tan,Juying Xie
BackgroundFlavonoid is a type of active constituent in herbs and always used as the quality control markers of herbal medicines. Owing to the extensive diversity of flavonoids, numerous reference compounds are necessitated for the analysis of flavonoids, and some are usually very expensive, which engenders challenges in the analysis of flavonoids in herbal medicines. Consequently, the development of a simple, rapid, and reference compounds saving method is important for the determination of flavonoids in herbal medicines.ObjectiveIn order to develop a high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method for the determination of 5 flavonoids (mangiferin, hesperidin, baicalin, buddleoside, and rutin) in five herbal medicines (Anemarrhenae rhizome, Sophorae flos, Citri reticulatae pericarpium, Scutellariae radix, and Chrysanthemi indici flos) with rutin.MethodsFive herbal medicine samples were prepared according to the Chinese Pharmacopoeia which includes ultrasound and reflux methods. The separation of the sample was performed on a PoroShell 120 EC-C18 (4.6 mm×100 mm, 2.7 μm) by gradient elution with 0.1% formic acid and acetonitrile at a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min. The wavelengths were set as follows: Anemarrhenae rhizome (363 nm), Sophorae flos (256 nm), Citri reticulatae pericarpium (236 nm), Scutellariae radix (263 nm), Chrysanthemi indici flos (354 nm).ResultsThe method validation showed that the established HPLC method was accurate and stable for quantitative analysis of flavonoids in five herbal medicines. The comparative analysis revealed that the determination results of the current HPLC method and Chinese Pharmacopoeia method are consistent, exhibiting less than 1% relative error. Remarkably, the developed HPLC method needs one cheapest reference compound (rutin) and costs 8 min for sample HPLC analysis.ConclusionThe developed HPLC method for quantitative analysis of five flavonoids in five herbal medicines is simple, rapid, and reference compound saving, which provides a good alternative method for quality control of flavonoids in herbal medicines.
研究领域:
药学
·
分析化学
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DOI
高影响因子
Nutrients
·
2025
·Vol. 17
·期 10
·1734
·
IF 5
Yijing Ren,Lianyan Wang,Danyang Wang,Jian Huang,Ou Wang,Gangqiang Ding
Background: Rutin (R) is a bioactive compound with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, but its low bioavailability limits its application. To address this problem, R was encapsulated with whey protein (W) as nanoparticles, and the potential effect and mechanism of rutin–whey protein nanoparticles (RW) on skeletal muscle dysfunction was investigated in D-galactose induced mice.Methods: R was encapsulated with W to form RW, and its characteristics like particle size, encapsulation efficiency, and bioaccessibility were evaluated. In the in vivo study, male C57BL/6J mice were treated with R, W or RW, respectively. The muscle function, hepatic antioxidant capacity, serum inflammatory levels, gut microbiota, and metabolomic profiles of mice were evaluated.Results: RW showed a uniform particle size, with an encapsulation efficiency of 68.7%. In the RW, the bioaccessibility of rutin was approximately 3.3 times that of free rutin. This in vivo study indicated that in comparison with D-galactose induced mice (model group), R, W and RW treatments could enhance hepatic antioxidative capacity and regulate inflammation levels, while W and RW could also increase muscle strength. Among these, RW treatment significantly elevated the hepatic GSH-PX activity and decreased the serum MSTN, TNF-α, and IL-6 levels, which were all markedly better than those of the individual effect of R or W. Such effects of R, W, and RW may be achieved through the modulation of gut microbiota that produced short-chain fatty acids or involved in anti-inflammatory function and the regulation of metabolic profiles associated with amino acid metabolism, aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis, etc.Conclusions: RW was found to enhance the bioaccessibility of rutin, and exhibited positive effects on skeletal muscle dysfunction via the modulation of gut microbiota and metabolic pathways. The results of this study may provide new scientific strategy for the utilization of rutin to achieve its health benefits.
研究领域:
生物化学
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纳米技术
·
药理学
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微生物学
·
代谢组学
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PubMed
高影响因子
FOOD HYDROCOLLOIDS
·
2025
·
IF 12.4
Wen Lv,Mengyuan Zhang,Yange Chen,Yilin Wang,Xuanbo Liu,Yibin Zhou,Yongquan Wang
This study investigated how the interaction between wheat glutenin (WG) and either hydroxypropyltrimethyl ammonium chloride chitosan (HACC) or carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) regulates the stabilization of HIPE. The potential of these HIPE was then evaluated as a base material for 3D-printed dysphagia foods and a vehicle for rutin delivery. The hydrogen bonds and electrostatic interactions between WG and HACC or CMC was verified using FTIR and intrinsic fluorescence, while molecular docking elucidated hydrogen bonds and hydrophobic interactions. These non-covalent interactions inhibit excessive aggregation, resulting in the formation of smaller complex particles. The interfacial layer thickness quadrupled compared to WG alone. The WG-CMC complexes (WC) were 62–142 nm thicker than the WG-HACC complexes (WH). This aligns with the wettability of WC, which had a three-phase contact angle of 91°. HIPE with an 80% internal oil phase was stabilized using WC and WH. The droplet sizes of the WC-stabilized HIPE (WCE) were 4–35 μm smaller than those of the WH-stabilized HIPE (WHE). All HIPE displayed elastic characteristics, showing higher G′ compared to G′′. The HIPE stabilized by WC at pH 7 (WCE7) exhibited the highest G′, G′′, and viscosity, consistent with its interconnected network microstructure. This structural configuration resulted in the superior stability and high-accuracy 3D printing of WCE7. All the product was classified as a level 4 dysphagia food under the International Dysphagia Diet Standardization Initiative (IDDSI). The HIPE encapsulated 96.7% of the rutin, providing a 32.2% increase in photostability and a bioaccessibility of over 62.7%.
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Journal of Materials Chemistry B
·
2020
·Vol. 8
·期 46
·10630-10636
·
IF 5.344
Xinyu Ma,Wenyan Liao,Huaxu Zhou,Yun Tong,Fei Yan,Hongliang Tang,Jiyang Liu
Herein we report a simple and rapid approach to fabricate a vertically-ordered mesoporous silica–electrochemically reduced graphene oxide nanocomposite film (VMSF/ErGO) on an indium tin oxide (ITO) electrode surface by the electrochemically-assisted self-assembly (EASA) method, which is capable of greatly promoting the electroanalytical performance of rutin compared to the previously reported VMSF modified ITO electrode and, meanwhile, displaying excellent anti-fouling and anti-interference ability in pharmaceutical formulations and human serum. Due to the excellent electrocatalytic activity of ErGO and the synergistic enrichment effects from the π–π interaction of ErGO and the hydrogen bond effect from the VMSF, the present VMSF/ErGO/ITO sensor is able to detect rutin with a wide linear range, a high sensitivity and a low limit of detection. Moreover, the VMSF/ErGO/ITO electrode could retain the high sensing performance with high transmittance upon tailoring the concentration of the modified graphene oxide (GO), which provides a simple approach for modifying transparent ITO electrodes and could be potentially used for optoelectronic devices.
研究领域:
分析化学
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生物医学工程
·
药物分析
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高影响因子
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
·
2025
·
IF 8.5
Ran Zhang,Lulu Xing,Xin Wang,Zuoyu Shan,Tianxin Wang,Ye Zhang,Wenjie Wang,Yuan Wang,Hao Wang
Inhibiting the activity of pancreatic lipase and reducing intestinal cholesterol absorption are potential strategies to combat obesity. This study investigated the mechanisms by which hawthorn ( Crataegus pinnatifida ) extract affects pancreatic lipase (PL) and disrupts cholesterol micelle formation. Enriched with bioactive compounds, hawthorn extract (HE) inhibited PL activity through reversible mixed inhibition, with a half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 2.92 mg/mL. Infrared spectroscopy, circular dichroism and fluorescence quenching experiments demonstrated that HE binding to PL induces conformational changes in both tertiary and secondary structures. This interaction facilitated the transformation of β-turns to random coils and quenched the fluorescence of the protein through a static quenching mechanism. HPLC, immobilized enzymes and molecular docking studies collectively revealed that rutin, chlorogenic acid, and isoquercitrin in HE exhibited strong binding affinity with PL, serving as key components in inhibiting PL activity. Furthermore, HE increased the particle size of cholesterol micelles while decreasing their solubility, which makes it more difficult for lipases to function in the intestine. Overall, our study suggests that HE may serve as an effective pancreatic lipase inhibitor, presenting potential applications in the development of functional foods for obesity reduction and lipid-lowering.
研究领域:
营养学
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生物化学
·
药理学
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology
·
2020
·
IF 3.644
Wu Haitao,Su Manlin,Jin Hui,Li Xinyu,Wang Puyu,Chen Jingxiao,Chen Jinghua
In this paper, we fabricated rutin-loaded silver nanoparticles (Rutin@AgNPs) as the nano-anticoagulant with antithrombotic function. The serum stability, anticoagulation activity, and bleeding risk of Rutin@AgNPs were evaluated. The results showed Rutin@AgNPs had good serum stability, hemocompatibility, and cytocompatibility. The anticoagulation activity of rutin was maintained, and its stability and aqueous solubility were improved. The Rutin@AgNPs could provide a sustained release to prolong the half-life of rutin. The results of the coagulation parameter assay and thrombus formation test in mice model showed that the activated partial thromboplastin time and prothrombin time were prolonged, and Rutin@AgNPs inhibited the thrombosis in the 48 h period. Moreover, the limited bleeding time indicated that the Rutin@AgNPs significantly minimized the hemorrhage risk of rutin. This Rutin@AgNPs is a potential anticoagulant for antithrombotic therapy.
研究领域:
纳米医学
·
药理学
·
生物材料科学
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PubMed
高影响因子
MOLECULAR BIOLOGY REPORTS
·
2026
·Vol. 53
·期 1
·1301
·
IF 3.2
Zhang Chunmei,Wang Shuai,Zhang Xiaoyun,Liu Yan,Chen Yixiang
Background Acrylamide (ACR) is an important chemical raw material, and its toxic effects have been confirmed in vitro and in vivo. However, only a few studies have investigated ACR-induced liver injury. As a naturally occurring flavonoid widely distributed across the plant kingdom, rutin (Rut) possesses notable pharmacological properties. This study aimed to demonstrate its therapeutic potential in mitigating ACR-induced hepatic injury in rats. Accordingly, an intervention model was established to explore the mechanistic basis of the protective effects of Rut against ACR-induced liver injury. Methods The experimental design comprised five cohorts ( n = 10), consisting of 50 male Sprague–Dawley rats randomly assigned to each group: (1) Control (0.5% CMC-Na + ddH 2 O), (2) ACR (20 mg/kg/day via gavage), (3) Rut-L (100 mg/kg) + ACR, (4) Rut-M (200 mg/kg) + ACR, and (5) Rut-H (400 mg/kg) + ACR. Interventions lasted for 21 days. The body weights of the animals were monitored daily. The liver coefficient (liver weight/body weight) was calculated after euthanasia. Commercial assay kits were used to determine serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) activities and hepatic Superoxide Dismutase (SOD), Glutathione (GSH), and Malondialdehyde (MDA) levels. Histopathological changes were assessed using Hematoxylin and eosin and Masson staining. Tumor Necrosis Factor-α (TNF-α) and cleaved caspase-3 expression levels were analyzed using immunohistochemistry. Results Compared with the Control group, ACR exposure attenuated the rate of body weight accrual ( P < 0.05) and the liver-to-body weight ratio ( P < 0.05), elevated serum ALT (↑34.8%, P < 0.05) and AST (↑47.7%, P < 0.05), decreased hepatic SOD (↓48.9%, P < 0.05) and GSH (↓17.7%, P < 0.05), and increased MDA (↑38.8%, P < 0.05). High-dose Rut reversed these effects by increasing body weight gain ( P < 0.01), liver coefficient (↑29.4%, P < 0.05), SOD (↑32.1%, P < 0.05), and GSH (↑12.1%, P < 0.05), while reducing ALT (↓22.9%, P < 0.01), AST (↓16.8%, P < 0.01), and MDA (↓9.0%, P < 0.05) levels. Histopathological analysis demonstrated reduced hepatocyte necrosis and collagen deposition in the Rut-treated group. Immunohistochemistry revealed that ACR increased TNF-α (↑121.4%, P < 0.001) and cleaved caspase-3 (↑97.8%, P < 0.001) expression, which was suppressed by Rut (TNF-α: ↓48.2%, P < 0.01; cleaved caspase-3: ↓39.5%, P < 0.01). The effect sizes (Cohen’s d) ranged from 1.2 to 3.6, indicating robust effects. Conclusion Rut exhibits a marked protective effect against ACR-induced hepatic injury. Therefore, Rut may be considered a potential agent for preventing ACR-induced liver injury in rats.
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高影响因子
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
·
2023
·
IF 8.2
Shuai Dong,Shu-Min Hu,Si-Jia Yu,Shaobo Zhou,Tao Zhou
Rutin is a flavonoid polyphenol with excellent biological activity, but due to its instability and poor water solubility, the utilization rate is reduced in vivo . Preparation of rutin microcapsules from soybean protein isolate (SPI) and chitosan hydrochloride (CHC) by composite coacervation can improve this restriction. The optimal preparation conditions were as follows: the volume ratio of CHC/SPI 1:8, pH 6, and total concentration of CHC and SPI 2 %. The rutin encapsulation rate and loading capacity of the microcapsules were 90.34 % and 0.51 % under optimal conditions. The SPI-CHC-rutin (SCR) microcapsules had a gel mesh structure and good thermal stability , and the system was stable and homogeneous after 12 d storage. During in vitro digestion, the release rates of SCR microcapsules in simulated gastric and intestinal fluids were 16.97 % and 76.53 %, respectively, achieving a targeted release of rutin in intestinal fluids; and the digested products were found to exhibit superior antioxidant activity to that of free rutin digests, indicating a good protection of microencapsulation on the bioactivity of rutin. Overall, SCR microcapsules developed in this study effectively enhanced the bioavailability of rutin. The present work provides a promising delivery system for natural compounds with low bioavailability and stability.
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CRYSTAL GROWTH & DESIGN
·
2024
·
IF 3.2
Bingrui Zhang,Lei Tang,Fanyu Tian,Qiaoce Ding,Ziyi Hu,Jian-Rong Wang,Xuefeng Mei
Rutin is a natural compound that is widely distributed in various plants. Increasing lines of evidence have proved that rutin has a beneficial effect on cardiovascular health, oxidative stress, and blood glucose control. However, the application of rutin is limited due to its poor solubility and low oral bioavailability. To improve the bioavailability of rutin, two cocrystals of rutin with l-proline and d-proline were prepared successfully, and multiple characterization methods were utilized to study the physicochemical properties of rutin and its cocrystals. The powder dissolution in vitro and the pharmacokinetic behavior in vivo were also evaluated. The results indicated that Rut-l-Pro exhibited a significantly improved solubility, and the oral bioavailability also had great improvement; the AUC0–10h of Rut-l-Pro was 5.6-fold that of rutin, and Cmax was 3.8 times. As a result of the improvement of rutin bioavailability, Rut-l-Pro performed better blood glucose control and cardioprotective activities.
研究领域:
药剂学
·
生物化学
·
药物代谢动力学
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DOI
高影响因子
LWT-FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
·
2022
·
IF 6.056
Alkassoumi Hassane Hamadou,Jiyao Zhang,Chen Chao,Bin Xu
This work evaluated the effect of pectin (P) and chitosan (CH) dual coating on rutin (R) loaded nanoliposomes (NLs). Besides R loaded NLs (RNLs), CH coated RNLs (CH-RNLs) and P coated CH-RNLs (P–CH-RNLs) were prepared. The results showed a size increase of NLs due to the polymer coatings, confirming a successful deposition of CH and P onto the surfaces of NLs. A surface charge reversal was observed after coating RNLs and CH-RNLs with CH and P, respectively. The coating resulted in a significant decrease in encapsulation efficiency (EE) from 88.19% in RNLs to 78.89% in CH-RNLs and 73.44% in P–CH-RNLs. Due to protection provided by the P–CH barrier, P–CH-RNLs displayed better thermal, pH, ionic and oxidative stability. NLs were more stable at 4 °C as compared to 25 °C over 8 weeks, and P–CH-RNLs exhibited the best performance overall. This study revealed P–CH coating as a potential route to produce stable NLs for the delivery of hydrophobic rutin.
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高影响因子
JOURNAL OF FOOD BIOCHEMISTRY
·
2019
·Vol. 44
·期 1
·e13086
·
IF 1.358
Hui Liu,Yang Jiang,Hui Guan,Feng Li,Dongxiao Sun-Waterhouse,Yilun Chen,Dapeng Li
Rutin is a bioflavonoid found in many plants and derived foods, accordingly, rutin likely interacts with α-amino acids such as Lys, Ile, His or Glu to give Maillard reaction products (MRPs). The heated rutin-Lys system exhibited highest brown intensity and in vitro antioxidant activities. The 30–50 kDa rutin-Lys fraction had higher in vitro antioxidant activities than the other fractions, and at a dose of 0.4 mg/ml preserved over 90% cell viability for HepG2 cells exposed to H 2 O 2 . The dose-dependent protective effects against H 2 O 2 -induced oxidative stress of the rutin-Lys MRPs may involve the inhibition of reactive oxygen species generation, enhancement of the superoxide dismutase and catalase activities, along with the activation of the Nrf2-dependent pathway and upregulation of phase II antioxidant genes (including NQO1, HO-1, GCLG, and GCLM). Practical applications Rutin is widely distributed in vegetables and grains. The Maillard reaction is a common reaction occurring during food processing, and produces Maillard reaction products (MRPs) with distinct processing and biological properties. This study shows that a 30-min thermal treatment at 120°C generates antioxidative MRPs in the rutin-Lys, rutin-His, rutin-Ile and rutin-Glu model systems, which can directly inhibit reactive oxygen species generation and enhance SOD and CAT activities while activating the Nrf2-dependent pathway and upregulating the expression of phase II detoxifying antioxidant genes. Therefore, for food systems containing phenolic antioxidants and proteins (such as rutin and Lys), one may enhance the antioxidant properties of these food systems through a 30-min thermal treatment at 120°C. Also, the resultant rutin-Lys MRPs may be isolated and used as commercial preparations of natural antioxidants.
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Recent Patents on Nanotechnology
·
2020
·Vol. 14
·期 1
·35-41
·
IF 0.977
Li Na,Qian Yongfang,Zhang Zhen,Wang Ying,Lve Lihua,Wei Chunyan
Background: The electrospinning and the bubble electrospinning provide facile ways for the fabrication of functional nanofibers by incorporating rutin/hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin inclusion complex (RT/HP-β-CD-IC) in Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVA). Few patents on incorporation of
rutin and cyclodextrin in nanofibers has been reported. Objective: The study aimed at increasing the loading amount of rutin in the electrospun nanofibers to obtain ultraviolet resistant property. Methods: Rutin was encapsulated in the cavity of RT/HP-β-CD and formed an inclusion
complex. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and Differential Scanning Calorimeter (DSC) was used to verify the formation of inclusion complexes. Results: The results showed that the inclusion between rutin and HP-β-CD had been successfully formed. The surface morphologies
of nanofibrous membranes were characterized by Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), which indicated that adding RT/HP-β-CD inclusion complexes had little influence on the morphologies and diameters of the fibers. Ultraviolet resistant results also confirmed the inclusion complex had increased
the loading amount in the final nanofibrous mats, and thus had good ultraviolet resistant properties. Conclusion: The formed inclusion complexes had obviously enhanced the loading amount of rutin in electrospun PVA nanofibers, indicating that encapsulation of rutin in the cavity of HP-β-CD
is a good way to increase the loading amount.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
药学
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
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