ELECTROCHIMICA ACTA
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2025
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IF 5.6
Yihui Liu,Kai Liu,Guobing Deng,Kai Kang,Chao Wang,Lan Yang
The formation of oxygen vacancies in cathode materials for solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) plays a pivotal role in enhancing the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) activity. Perovskite-type oxides are regarded as promising cathode candidates owing to their inherent mixed ionic and electronic conductivity (MIEC). In this study, we engineered a series of Pr 0.6 Sr 0.4-x Co 0.2 Fe 0.8 O 3-δ (where x= 0, 0.05, 0.1, 0.15, denoted as PSCF40, PSCF35, PSCF30 and PSCF25, respectively) cathode through Sr defect and systematically investigated the effects of this modification on oxygen vacancy content and ORR catalytic activity. The A-site Sr deficiency directly regulates the oxygen vacancy concentration and oxygen ion migration capability in perovskite through charge compensation effects. When the defect concentration reached 0.1, the PSCF30 demonstrated optimal electrochemical performance. At 750 °C, the polarization impedance of PSCF30 is only 0.060 Ω cm 2 . Meanwhile, the peak power density of SFM-GDC/LSGM/GDC/PSCF30 single cell is 404.38 mW cm −2 , which is 39.7% higher than that of PSCF40 (289.38 mW cm −2 ). This study emphasizes the important role of appropriately increasing the oxygen vacancy concentration, suggesting that the introduction of appropriate A-site defect in the material is a feasible approach to improve the ORR catalytic activity and ionic conductivity of the cathode.
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高影响因子
JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
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2025
·
IF 6.3
Bo An,Qin Zhang,Ke Wang,Jiaqi Yang,Dongxing Song,Huijuan Su
The Gd 0.1 Ce 0.9- x Sr x O 2-δ ( x = 0, 0.01, 0.04, 0.07) electrolytes were synthesized via the citric acid-EDTA combustion method as electrolyte materials for intermediate-temperature solid oxide fuel cells (IT-SOFCs), aiming to enhance ionic conductivity and mechanical stability of SOFCs at intermediate-to-high temperatures. Sr²⁺ doping improved electrolyte densification, increased grain volume, and reduced grain boundary density, thereby enhancing the dielectric constant. These modifications decreased both intragrain and grain boundary resistances and facilitated oxygen ion migration. At 500°C, the optimized Gd 0.1 Ce 0.86 Sr 0.04 O 2-δ exhibited a 6.4-fold increase in ionic conductivity and a 50% reduction in activation energy compared to Gd 0.1 Ce 0.9 O 1.95 . This enhancement was partially attributed to the improved scavenging coefficient of Gd 0.1 Ce 0.86 Sr 0.04 O 2-δ , whose blocking factor decreased by approximately 43% relative to Gd 0.1 Ce 0.9 O 1.95 . Dielectric property analysis elucidated the contribution of Gd-Sr synergistic effects to interfacial polarization.In terms of mechanical properties, the 4GSDC sample demonstrated a 13.5% increase in Vickers hardness, 69.7% improvement in fracture toughness, and 24.91% enhancement in flexural strength compared to GDC. At 750°C, single cells with the 4GSDC electrolyte achieved a power density of 1100 mW/cm², representing a 55.4% improvement over GDC. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations revealed that Sr²⁺ incorporation effectively reduced binding energy and migration barriers. Therefore, Sr-Gd co-doping can be regarded as an effective strategy to enhance the performance of ceria-based electrolytes in IT-SOFCs.
研究领域:
材料科学
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能源技术
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电化学
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固体氧化物燃料电池
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陶瓷材料
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高影响因子
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
·
2026
·
IF 9.2
Tao Liu,Chuang Wang,Jingyuan Rao,Renrong Zheng,Yinlin Chang,Zetian Tao
Intermediate-temperature solid oxide fuel cells require cathode with fast oxygen reduction kinetics, tunable defect chemistry, and high stability. Although BaFeO 3 -based perovskites exhibit promising catalytic activity and triple conductivity, their lattice stability and surface reaction kinetics require further improvement. Herein, a series of Ba 1-x Nd x Ce 0.2 Bi 0.1 Fe 0.7 O 3−δ (BNCBFx) cathodes are developed. The effects of Nd incorporation on the crystal structure, oxygen defect behavior, and electrochemical performance are systematically investigated. The single cell with BNCBF50 cathode delivers a low polarization resistance of 0.04 Ω cm 2 and a peak power density of 1730 mW cm −2 at 700 °C. Combined valence-state analysis and theoretical calculations reveal that Nd incorporation promotes charge compensation and oxygen vacancy formation, which in turn enhances oxygen adsorption/activation and lowers the proton migration barrier. Consequently, an ideal balance among lattice stability, oxygen vacancies, and surface catalysis is achieved, providing a rational strategy for designing high-performance SOFC cathodes via defect engineering.
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高影响因子
JOURNAL OF RARE EARTHS
·
2025
·
IF 7.2
Cui Qiao,Jie Yu,Guoqiang Lv,Shaoyuan Li,Jijun Lu,Fengshuo Xi,Zhongqiu Tong,Wenhui Ma
Y 0.15 Zr 0.85 O 1.93 (YSZ) has emerged as a crucial solid electrolyte material for modern solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) and oxygen sensors, prized for its exceptionally high oxygen ionic conductivity. However, further enhancement of its oxygen ionic conductivity is essential to optimize SOFCs energy efficiency and mitigate high-temperature electrode degradation. Despite extensive efforts involving various doping strategies, this critical challenge remains unsolved. To address this issue, a novel YSZ-LSGM heterostructure composite electrolyte was developed by adding a minor La 0.9 Sr 0.1 Ga 0.8 Mg 0.2 O 2.85 (LSGM) phase into the YSZ phase, and its performance as an electrolyte was systematically evaluated. LSGM’s high ionic conductivity promotes rapid oxygen ion transport across grain boundaries. The heterogeneous interface between YSZ and LSGM also favors oxygen ion transport, significantly enhancing both the grain boundary conductivity and the total ionic conductivity of the heterostructure composite. Remarkably, the YSZ-30 wt% LSGM composite demonstrates approximately 8 times in total conductivity (0.0008 S/cm at 750 °C) compared to pure YSZ (0.0001 S/cm at 750 °C). Most strikingly, the YSZ-30 wt% LSGM’s grain boundary conductivity is around 24 times higher than the YSZ electrolyte’s. These findings highlight the synergistic advantages of the heterostructure composite electrolyte, which combines the excellent compatibility of YSZ with the superior ionic conductivity of LSGM. This study not only provides a promising strategy for developing advanced composite electrolyte materials but also opens a new avenue for further research in high-performance SOFC technologies.
研究领域:
材料科学
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电化学
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能源技术
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固体离子学
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DOI
高影响因子
ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
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2026
·
IF 8.2
Yanan Li,Xiang-Xiang Pan,Hui-Yu Zhang,Wan-Ming Li,Changqing Liu,Cheng-Xin Li
Development of a highly conductive interlayer with good multilayer interfacial compatibility is critical for achieving high-performance inert ceramic-supported flat-tubular segmented-in-series solid oxide fuel cells (FT-SIS-SOFCs). In this study, a high-performance MgO-MgAl2O4 (MMA)-supported solid oxide fuel cell is prepared by developing an innovative 70 vol % NiO-30 vol % MgAl2O4 interlayer via a cosintering process. The NiO-MgAl2O4 interlayer effectively suppresses MgO diffusion from the MMA substrate, limiting the diffusion distance to 25 μm. Additionally, the conductivity of the fabricated interlayer exceeds 3400 S cm–1 at the operational temperature. It exhibits excellent cosintering compatibility with the other functional layers. When the thickness of the NiO-MgAl2O4 interlayer is approximately 40 μm, the MMA-supported SOFC single cell shows an open circuit voltage (OCV) of about 1.07 V and a power density of 760 mW cm–2 at 850 °C, as well as excellent long-term stability. Moreover, the 16-cell FT-SIS-SOFCs show an OCV and maximum output power at 850 °C of 17 V and 15 W, respectively.
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高影响因子
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
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2024
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IF 8.1
Chao Huang,Qiang Li,Liping Sun,Lihua Huo,Hui Zhao,Fourcade Sebastien,Bassat Jean-Marc
High entropy oxides are one of the research topicalities in the field of SOFC. However, the relationship between configuration entropy and the electrochemical properties of these materials is not well understood. Here, a medium entropy material (La 0.2 Pr 0.2 Nd 0.2 Sm 0.2 Eu 0.2 ) 2 CuO 4 ((Ln 0.2 ) 2 CuO 4 ) derived from Nd 2 CuO 4 material is designed. It was found that increasing the configuration entropy of the A-site promotes the production of highly reactive/concentrated non-stoichiometric oxygen and increases the covalency of the Cu3d-O2p orbital. The polarization impedance of (Ln 0.2 ) 2 CuO 4 is 0.92 Ω cm 2 at 700 °C, which is smaller than that of Nd 2 CuO 4 (1.8 Ω cm 2 at 700 °C). The peak power density of single cells NiO-YSZ|YSZ|GDC|cathode is 526 mW cm −2 at 700 °C within 60 h of stable operation at 0.5 V. First-principles calculations demonstrate that (Ln 0.2 ) 2 CuO 4 has lower charge transfer energy, which promotes the electronic conduction. Furthermore, the dissociation energy of adsorbed oxygen (O ad ) on the surface of (Ln 0.2 ) 2 CuO 4 is 2.24 eV, which is smaller than that of Nd 2 CuO 4 (2.26 eV). These results suggest that the entropy-increasing strategy can enhance the electrocatalytic performance.
研究领域:
材料科学
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电化学
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能源材料
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固态离子学
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催化化学
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DOI
高影响因子
ADVANCED MATERIALS
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2025
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IF 26.8
Yuanchen Duan,Huan Li,Shiqing Li,Yu Zhou,Rouxin Liu,Zichun Gao,Wanbing Guan,Jun Yang,Jianxin Wang,Xiang Wan,Chunning Zhao,Weichao Wang
Thermal expansion matching is crucial for solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) cathode design to prevent interfacial delamination or cracking. This work adopts thermal expansion coefficient (TEC) matching as the primary design principle to enable both structural stability and high catalytic activity. A Mn-based mullite-type cathode, SmMn 2 O 5 (SMO), is developed, and composite electrodes with Gd 0.1 Ce 0.9 O 1.95 (GDC) are fabricated. To reveal the structure–property relationships, TEC and electrochemical performance measurements are combined with in situ X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy, and density functional theory (DFT) analysis. SMO exhibited a low TEC (8.12 × 10 −6 K −1 ) due to anisotropic lattice expansion and phonon scattering confirmed by XRD and Raman. The SMO–GDC composite displayed extremely well-matched TECs with yttria-stabilized zirconia, with only 2.36% deviation across the operating range. Electrochemically, the composite cathode achieved 580.9 mW cm −2 with polarization resistance of 0.193 Ω cm 2 and maintained stable operation for 300 h. DFT further revealed that GDC addition facilitated interfacial charge transfer and shortened Mn–Mn dimers, explaining the enhanced catalytic activity. This cathode material selection strategy, prioritizing TEC matching as the primary principle, provides a new insight into SOFC cathode development.
研究领域:
材料科学
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能源化学
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电化学
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固态离子学
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功能材料
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Crystals
·
2023
·Vol. 13
·期 6
·975
·
IF 2.7
Yiwang Dong,Muhammad Yousaf,Muhammad Ali Kamran Yousaf Shah,Muhammad Akbar,Yuzheng Lu,Lei Zhang,Qadeer Akbar Sial,Peng Cao,Changhong Deng
Semiconductor ionic electrolytes, especially heterostructure composites, have a significant role in enhancing oxide ion conductivity and peak power density (PPD) because of their interfacial contact. In this work, the fluorite structure CeO2and spinel-based CoAl2O4samples, as a heterostructure composite electrolyte, are successfully fabricated. The p-type CoAl2O4and n-type CeO2heterostructure (CeO2-CoAl2O4) used as an electrolyte exhibits a cell performance of 758 mW/cm2under fuel cell H2/air conditions at 550 °C, which is quite higher than the pure CoAl2O4and CeO2fuel cell devices. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM) verified the heterostructure formation including the morphological analysis of the prepared heterostructure composite. The heterostructure-based CeO2-CoAl2O4composite achieved a higher ionic conductivity of 0.13 S/cm at 550 °C temperature, which means that the constructed device successfully works as an electrolyte by suppressing electronic conductivity. Meanwhile, the obtained results demonstrate the semiconductor ionic heterostructure effect by adjusting the appropriate composition to build heterostructure of the n-type (CeO2) and p-type (CoAl2O4) components and built-in electric field. So, this work exhibits that the constructed device can be effective for energy conversion and storage devices.Keywords:semiconductor ionics;heterostructure;p-n junction;spinel;SOFCs
研究领域:
材料科学
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能源科学
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
·
2023
·
IF 7.2
Yuan Gao,Ling Huang,Qingzhuo Li,Wei Liu,Jianpeng Chen,Shouqi Wang,Binyi Zhang,Jiutao Gao,Chang-Jiu Li,Cheng-Xin Li
Low-temperature solid oxide fuel cells (LT-SOFCs) are key to meeting China's dual-carbon goal, but existing solid electrolytes suffer from low conductivity. Here, a highly conductive Er/Ce co-doped bismuth oxide (Er x Ce5SB, x = mol%) electrolyte is reported. Synthesis is achieved by reverse coprecipitation , and Er x Ce5SB has a cubic fluorite structure with a uniform particle size of 100–200 nm, although Er5Ce5SB and Er10CeSB contain a minor rhombohedral phase. Dense pellets (relative density: 93 %) are formed after sintering at 800 °C for 6 h, and the lattice constants decrease with the increase in erbium dopant concentration. Er20Ce5SB had an impressive ionic conductivity of 0.016 S cm-1 at 450 °C. Notably, after being annealed at 600 °C for 4032 h, Er20Ce5SB showcased a commendable stability in conductivity, measuring approximately 0.09 S cm −1 , with only a minor drop in its conductivity value. Even after such extended annealing, Er20Ce5SB retained its pure cubic phase structure, devoid of any impurities. Oxygen-ion ordering yields a superstructure , as observed by HR-TEM. Because of its high conductivity and long-term stability, Er20Ce5SB is a promising LT-SOFC electrolyte material.
研究领域:
材料科学
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能源材料
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电化学
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燃料电池
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DOI
高影响因子
CERAMICS INTERNATIONAL
·
2026
·
IF 6
Muhammad Ali Khalid,Jianbing Huang,Yong Yu,Xiaomeng Cheng,Xiuzhi Wu,Rana Moiz Ur Rehman,Zaheer Ud Din Babar,Youjun Lu,Jinzhan Su
Since the emergence of low-temperature solid oxide fuel cells (LTSOFCs) based on protonic semiconductor oxide electrolytes, H + /O 2− /e − triple-conducting layered Ni 0.8 Co 0.15 Al 0.05 LiO 2-δ (NCAL) has become a very successful electrode material due to its dual catalytic activities to hydrogen oxidation reaction (HOR) and oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). However, the performance of semiconductor-based LTSOFCs is primarily limited by electrode polarization. Thus, enhancing the separation of electrons and protons at the electrode/electrolyte interface is vital. In this work, the NCAL symmetric electrode was modified with a triple-conducting perovskite Ba 0.875 Fe 0.875 Zr 0.125 O 3-δ (BFZ) to form a 3D heterostructure composite electrode for semiconductor-based SOFCs. The influence of composite composition on the electrochemical performance of NCAL-BFZ composite electrodes has been investigated, and the optimal performance was achieved by the composite electrode with 10 wt% BFZ (NCAL-BFZ10). The polarization resistance of the fuel cell based on a semiconductor CeO 2 electrolyte was recorded as 0.22 Ω cm 2 and 0.16 Ω cm 2 at 550°C for the NCAL symmetric electrode and the NCAL-BFZ10 composite symmetric electrode, respectively. Accordingly, the peak power density of the fuel cell employing the NCAL symmetric electrode reached 633 mW cm −2 , while the device with the NCAL-BFZ10 composite symmetric electrode exhibited superior performance, 873 mW cm −2 at 550°C. The success of modification strategy on NCAL electrode is attributed to enhanced charge separation. A proton-coupled electron transfer (PCET) mechanism is proposed to describe the separation of electron and proton in the whole cell, verified by Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR), Distribution of Relaxation Time (DRT), isotopic fuel cells, proton-filtering fuel cell, and comparative polarization resistance and conductivity results in different atmospheres were performed. These results establish the NCAL-BFZ heterostructure composite as a promising symmetric electrode for low-temperature SOFCs.
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高影响因子
CERAMICS INTERNATIONAL
·
2025
·
IF 5.6
Yan-An Li,Jia-Hong Li,Xiang-Xiang Pan,Xiang-Qi Liu,Wan-Ming Li,Chang-Qing Liu,Cheng-Xin Li
Inert ceramic-supported solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) are critical for advancing long-life, high-stability SOFC energy systems. Using an MgO-MgAl 2 O 4 (MMA) substrate, we developed the high-performance industrial-sized MMA-supported flat-tubular segmented-in-series SOFCs (FT-SIS-SOFCs) through a co-sintering process. Dense electrolytes were obtained by implementing bimodal particle engineering to regulate sintering shrinkage behavior. Through precise control of the nanoparticle (∼100 nm) to submicron particle (∼300 nm) mass ratio at 7 : 3, the sintering shrinkage mismatch between the YSZ electrolyte and MMA substrate was reduced from 6.2% to 0.5%, and the warpage deformation decreased from a compressive strain of -0.113 to less than 0.05. The optimized cell demonstrated a maximum power density of 342 mW/cm 2 with an open-circuit voltage of 1.006 V at 850 °C, coupled with exceptional long-term stability. The industrial-sized warpage-free 16-cell FT-SIS-SOFCs exhibited a high open-circuit voltage of 17.50 V and maximum power output of 6.55 W at 850 °C.
研究领域:
能源材料
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陶瓷工程
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燃料电池技术
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材料科学
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电化学
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DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY
·
2021
·Vol. 168
·期 3
·034516
·
IF 4.316
Kai Li,Yafeng Jin,Wenming Gao,Shoucai Xue,Ming Zhang
A critical issue for massive production of metal-supported solid oxide fuel cell is cathode processing due to the contradicting of the metal support and the cathode with regard to the sintering atmosphere. Herein, LSM-BSCF (La0.8Sr0.2MnO3-δ coated Ba0.5Sr0.5Co0.8Fe0.2O3-δ) cathodes on Ni-Fe alloys supported SOFCs (NF-SOFCs) are fabricated by an ex situ sintering approach and electrochemical evaluation in humidified H2 fuel. The ex situ sintering of cathodes on NF-SOFCs are performed at 1050 °C in air with metal oxide support consisted of NiO and 10 at% Fe2O3, and then the oxide support is reduced in situ into Ni-Fe alloys during testing. Cross-section microstructure analysis shows clear evidence that each layer is well adhered to each other after reduction and the suitable microstructure of ex situ sintered cathode is observed after sintering at 1050 °C. In the single-cell test, a higher peak power density is achieved for NF-SOFC with ex situ sintered LSM-BSCF in comparison with in situ sintered cells, revealing a beneficial effect of ex situ sintered cathode on cell performance. The durability measurement and post-test analysis confirm the sufficient adherence and mechanical stability between ex situ sintered LSM-BSCF cathode and GDC (Ce0.9Gd0.1O1.95) electrolyte. The successful electrochemical characterizations of NF-SOFCs with ex situ sintered LSM-BSCF cathode confirm the applicability of the novel sintering procedure.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
能源工程
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高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）