ACS Catalysis
·
2026
·
IF 13.6
Hui Zhao,Xin-Pu Fu,Wei-Wei Wang,Chun-Jiang Jia
The Pt-GaOx combination is widely investigated for catalyzing propane dehydrogenation (PDH), as its efficient site synergy compensates for the low selectivity associated with single Pt sites. However, these catalysts suffer from rapid deactivation under harsh reaction conditions due to the thermal migration and sintering of active sites, alongside irreversible structural degradation. To address these challenges, we developed mesoporous silica-confined Sm2O3 to stabilize the Pt-Sm2O3 and GaOx-Sm2O3 interfaces. Based on comprehensive characterization, the as-formed small Sm2O3 species play a crucial role in boosting the catalytic performance. Specifically, the confined Sm2O3 clusters intensify interactions with both Pt and GaOx within the mesopores, which suppresses the excessive aggregation of Pt-Ga alloys and stabilizes the active Gaδ+–H species. As a result, the Pt-Ga/Sm@SiO2 catalyst exhibits a low deactivation constant (0.007 h–1) and a high specific activity of 2.28 s–1 after 100 h of continuous operation at 550 °C, significantly outperforming its conventional Pt-Ga counterparts. This work thus provides a robust strategy for enhancing the durability of Pt-GaOx catalysts and advances their practical implementation in industrial PDH processes.
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JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
·
2024
·
IF 5.8
Yurong Song,Gang Qu,Xi Li,Dandan Huang
Sm 2 Zr 2 O 7 and Gd 2 Zr 2 O 7 are two promising transparent ceramic materials with high density and effective atomic number. However, the phase diagram of Gd 2 O 3 -Sm 2 O 3 -ZrO 2 system has not been systematically studied. To determine the phase relationship of the ternary system Gd 2 O 3 -Sm 2 O 3 -ZrO 2 at 1600°C and 1400°C, a serious of ceramic samples were prepared and studied by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope , and electron probe microanalysis . In the range of 66.6 mol.% ZrO 2 , the solubility of Gd 2 O 3 is 20–22.5 mol.% at 1600°C, and the binary intermediate phases Sm 2 Zr 2 O 7 and Gd 2 Zr 2 O 7 form a continuous solid solution at 1400°C. Using the experimental data as a foundation, thermodynamic modeling was performed using the approach. Based on the experimental data, the mixing parameters of fluorite , B and C phases were optimized, and thermodynamic modeling was performed using the CALPHAD (CALculation of PHAse Diagram) method. For the first time, a self-consistent database for Gd 2 O 3 -Sm 2 O 3 -ZrO 2 ternary system was established.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
无机化学
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MICROCHEMICAL JOURNAL
·
2026
·
IF 5.2
Shuheng Ding,Zhenyue Liu,Yujun Guo,Jiayi Qu,Feifei Wang,Davoud Dastan,Xiaoming Tan,Xingtai Chen,Xi-Tao Yin
Sm 2 O 3 -modified ZIF-8-derived ZnO nanoparticles were first prepared by a one-step hydrothermal method. • The maximum response to 100 ppm ethanol was 210 at the operating temperature (275 °C). • The reasons for the improved gas-sensitive performance were explored. Constructing heterojunctions is recognized as an effective strategy for enhancing gas sensor performance. Rare-earth metal oxides, owing to their unique properties, can significantly improve the sensing capability of single-metal oxides. This work produced a ZnO/Sm 2 O 3 heterostructure for ethanol gas sensing via a simple one-step hydrothermal method. A static system was used to investigate the gas-sensing properties of the as-prepared sensors. Compared with the pure ZnO sensor, the ZnO/Sm 2 O 3 heterojunction sensor exhibited a significantly enhanced sensing performance toward 100 ppm ethanol. Specifically, its response increased from 130 to 210, the optimal operating temperature decreased from 295 °C to 275 °C, and the recovery time was shortened from 84 s to 17 s. In addition, the sensor demonstrated good selectivity toward ethanol over other interfering gases, as well as excellent long-term stability, while maintaining good linearity and repeatability. The material was characterized using various techniques, including XRD, XPS, SEM, TEM, BET, UPS, and Hall-effect measurements, in terms of micromorphology, elemental composition and specific surface area, revealing cube-like structures and confirming the successful formation of an n-n heterojunction. Finally, the underlying mechanism for the enhanced gas sensing performance was discussed in detail. Download: Download high-res image (68KB) Download: Download full-size image
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ACS Catalysis
·
2022
·
IF 13.7
Xilun Zhang,Lin Liu,Anan Wu,Junfa Zhu,Rui Si,Jianping Guo,Ruting Chen,Qike Jiang,Xiaohua Ju,Ji Feng,Zhitao Xiong,Teng He,Ping Chen
Metal-oxide-supported Ru catalysts, typically in the form of Ru particles dispersed on oxides, have emerged as the most promising catalysts for the ammonia synthesis reaction. Generally, Ru particles are regarded as catalytically active components and are mainly responsible for the formation of ammonia during ammonia synthesis. Here we show that subnano Ru clusters on Sm2O3 (Ru/Sm2O3) favor the formation of surface hydride (Sm–H) species under reaction conditions, which can trigger the activation of Ru clusters in the ammonia synthesis reaction. The synergy of surface hydride species and Ru clusters boosts the activity relative to Ru clusters alone and affords ammonia yields as high as 90.1–100% of the thermodynamic equilibrium value at 400 °C. Mechanistic studies and theoretical calculations reveal that Sm–H species can not only work in synergy with Ru clusters to reduce the energy barrier for nitrogen dissociation, but also directly participate in the formation of ammonia on the Ru clusters. The discovery of the synergy role of surface hydride species can deepen the molecular-level understanding of the ammonia synthesis reaction process, which will eventually help to rationally design efficient oxide-supported metal catalysts in the heterogeneous catalysis process where hydrogen is involved.
研究领域:
催化化学
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材料科学
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ACS Applied Energy Materials
·
2024
·
IF 5.4
Xiuxiu Li,Enyi Hu,Faze Wang,Peter D. Lund,Jun Wang
Samarium oxide (Sm2O3) is a promising electrolyte for low-temperature fuel cells but lacks further exploration of performance optimization. Herein, we propose an effective approach to strengthen the proton transport characteristics via constructing a heterostructure interface in a Sm2O3/ZnO composite electrolyte. The constructed optimal 6Sm2O3-4ZnO cell device yields an improved peak power density of 920 mW cm–2 and an extended durability performance of 45 h at 500 °C. Experiments confirm the proton conduction, and the density functional theory calculation further discloses the low proton migration energy of 0.35 eV. The semiconductor junction test and theoretical calculation both reveal that the heterojunction exists at the Sm2O3/ZnO interface. The strong local electric field strength of 1.53 × 107 V m–1 at the interface effectively suppresses short circuit and accelerates proton transport, leading to significantly enhanced electrochemical performance. This study indicates that the 6Sm2O3-4ZnO material is a promising electrolyte candidate for fuel cell application.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
能源工程
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Materials
·
2025
·Vol. 18
·期 21
·4973
·
IF 3.2
Song Ye,Ping Wang,Zhiqiang Cui,Ningfei Zhang,Yuhao Wang,Zhenyi Huang
Tungsten (W) is regarded as the most promising plasma-facing material in thermonuclear fusion reactors due to its excellent properties, such as high strength, a high melting point, and a low sputtering rate. However, its low-temperature brittleness, recrystallization embrittlement, and irradiation embrittlement seriously limit the practical application of W. In this research, the properties of tungsten-based materials were improved by introducing second phases into W. Core–shell composite powders with W particles as core and Sm(OH)3thin films as shell were prepared by electroless plating, and sintered by spark plasma sintering (SPS) to obtain bulk. After sintering, the Sm(OH)3shell transformed into the Sm2O3phase with a different size, mainly distributed at W grain boundaries. The average size of W grains in the composite material was smaller than that of pure W sintered bulk due to the pinning of W grain boundaries by Sm2O3, while the porosity of the composite is reduced. Compared with pure W sintered bulk, the composites exhibited better mechanical properties and radiation resistance; although the thermal conductivity decreased somewhat, it still maintained a high level. With the increase in sintering temperature and pressure, the evolution of core–shell powders during the sintering process could be simplified into six stages, which occurred approximately in sequence.
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SENSORS AND ACTUATORS B-CHEMICAL
·
2026
·
IF 8.3
Ling-qiao Tang,Hao-wen Zhang,Qiong Wu,Di-wen Jiang,Li Wang,Guo-liang Liu,Hai-jun Chen,Zong-kai Yan,Zhe-sheng Feng,Yan Wang
Due to the high electrical conductivity, large specific surface area, and abundant hydrophilic functional groups, MXene-based composites have garnered significant attention as candidate functional materials for humidity sensing. Nevertheless, it remains challenging to simultaneously achieve superior sensitivity, fast response kinetics, and reliable printability in flexible humidity sensors. Herein, a flexible printed humidity sensor based on a Sm 2 O 3 -modified MXene composite was developed, which features a hierarchical nanoflower architecture constructed via solvothermal synthesis. This architecture effectively suppresses MXene restacking while providing abundant mesoporous channels and interfacial sites, facilitating the adsorption and diffusion of water molecules. To further enhance the humidity response, NaCl was introduced to promote ionic conduction. The resulting sensor exhibits rapid response and recovery times (4.9 s and 4.3 s, respectively) and a large capacitance variation of 3357.7% over a wide relative humidity range (11-97% RH). In addition, the sensor demonstrates ultralow hysteresis, favorable repeatability, and excellent long-term stability, with negligible capacitance fluctuation after 10 days of storage. Moreover, proof-of-concept demonstrations were performed for non-contact finger proximity sensing, human respiration monitoring, plant microenvironment tracking, and skin-interfaced humidity detection, demonstrating the potential versatility of the proposed sensor. Collectively, this study presents a promising strategy for fabricating high-performance flexible humidity sensors, offering broad prospects for wearable health monitoring and intelligent human-machine interaction in next-generation Internet of Things systems.
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SCRIPTA MATERIALIA
·
2018
·
IF 4.163
Lili Guan,Jian Li,Xiwen Song,Jinxiao Bao,Tao Jiang
Flash sintering of Sm 2 O 3 doped CeO 2 ceramics can be triggered at 25 °C due to the presence of graphite. The current density rise non-linearly to a set limit value in the voltage control stage under an initial electric field of 30 V cm −1 . The calculated conductivity activation energy in this stage is 0.30 eV, which is closely in relation to the electronic conduction of graphite. As graphite is beginning to oxidize, the conductivity of the sample rapidly decreases. While graphite has been completely oxidized, the specimen temperature provides adequate support for the persistence of flash sintering process .
研究领域:
材料科学
·
陶瓷
·
固体离子学
·
电场辅助烧结
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JOURNAL OF CATALYSIS
·
2024
·
IF 6.5
Shuqing Zhou,Qiuling Yang,Yi Liu,Lianrui Cheng,Tayirjan Taylor Isimjan,Jianniao Tian,Xiulin Yang
Crafting resilient catalysts that promote H 2 production through the hydrolysis of hydrogen storage materials like sodium borohydride stands paramount for the impending hydrogen economy. In this study, we propose a versatile metal–organic framework (MOF)-assisted approach to systematically explore the impact of electron-metal support interaction (EMSI) of Ru-modified Co-Sm 2 O 3 (Ru/Co-Sm 2 O 3 ) on H 2 evolution from NaBH 4 hydrolysis. Strategic annealing at 800 °C induces cobalt vacancies on the Ru/Co-Sm 2 O 3 surface, optimizing the exposure of active sites and amplifying mass-charge transfer efficiency. Consequently, the defect-enriched Ru/Co-Sm 2 O 3 showcases an impressive hydrogen generation rate (HGR = 0.430 mol min −1 g catalyst −1 ) and outstanding cycling resilience, eclipsing the performance of most contemporary catalysts. Experimental findings reveal that Sm can not only adjust the Ru lattice spacing to accommodate more BH 4 − , but also modulate the Co vacancy concentration, thus bolstering the charge transport and ameliorating the catalyst's electrical conductivity. DFT calculations confirm that the Michaelis-Menten/Eley-Rideal mechanism is more appropriate to explain the hydrolysis of NaBH 4 .
研究领域:
材料科学
·
催化化学
·
能源化学
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Polymers
·
2022
·Vol. 14
·期 3
·638
·
IF 4.967
Hongqing Wang,Qunying Huang,Yutao Zhai
The requirements regarding the weight and capacity reduction of neutron shielding materials have become an urgent issue for advanced nuclear facilities and plants. An epoxy-based neutron shielding material with high-temperature stability and good neutron irradiation resistance was designed in this paper to solve the above issue. Aminophenol trifunctional epoxy resin (AFG-90H) was compounded with samarium oxide (Sm2O3) by means of an ultrasonic-assisted method and the compatibility of Sm2O3with the AFG-90H matrix was improved by 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES) surface modification. Fabricated Sm2O3-APTES/AFG-90H composites exhibited improved thermal stability, glass transition temperature and Young’s modulus with increased Sm2O3-APTES content. Neutronics calculation results show that the neutron permeability of 2 mm-thick 30 wt% Sm2O3-APTES/AFG-90H was 98.9% higher than that of the AFG-90H matrix under the irradiation of the thermal neutron source. The results show that the proper addition range of Sm2O3-APTES is between 20% and 25%. The Sm2O3-APTES/AFG-90H composite is a promising neutron shielding material for advanced nuclear system.Keywords:aminophenol trifunctional epoxy resin;samarium oxide;thermal energy neutron source;thermal stability;mechanical property
研究领域:
材料科学
·
核工程
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RENEWABLE ENERGY
·
2022
·
IF 8.634
Enyi Hu,Faze Wang,Muhammad Yousaf,Jun Wang,Peter Lund,Jinping Wang,Bin Zhu
Samarium oxide (Sm 2 O 3 ), a rare earth sesquioxide, shows that a great potential in proton-conducting fuel cells. However, the stability of Sm 2 O 3 based cell remains a challenge. Herein we reported a facile method for enhancing the stability via the incorporation of sodium content into Sm 2 O 3 . This study discloses that the existence of sodium induces phase transition of Sm 2 O 3 from monoclinic to cubic phase beneficial for fast proton transportation. Further mechanism investigation reveals that the cubic phase structure of Sm 2 O 3 is stabilized resulting from substitution of sodium. Compared with commercial Sm 2 O 3 (CSM), the fuel cell employing Na–Sm 2 O 3 (NSM) as electrolyte delivers an improved peak power density of 570 mW cm −2 and the extended stability over 100 h under 130 mWcm −2 at 520 °C. In this study, NSM is successfully developed as a stable electrolyte material for proton conduct fuel cells, expanding its application in electrochemical devices.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
能源科学
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JOURNAL OF COLLOID AND INTERFACE SCIENCE
·
2021
·
IF 8.128
Naseeb Ullah,Zhaoqi Song,Wei Liu,Chi-Ching Kuo,Aymeric Ramiere,Xingke Cai
Controlled synthesis of noble metal nanoparticles with well-defined size and good dispersion on supports has been a long-standing challenge in heterogeneous catalysis. Here we report a facile photo-assisted H 2 in situ reduction process to synthesize monodispersed Pd nanoparticles with 2–4 nm size on photo-insensitive Sm 2 O 3 rare-earth metal oxide with nanorod morphology. Thanks to the contribution of UV irradiation, the photoelectrons generation in the Sm 2 O 3 support accelerates the H 2 reduction of Pd 2+ ions into Pd 0 and stabilize the growth of very small Pd nanoparticles homogeneously dispersed on the support. The homogeneous distribution of the Pd NPs on the surface of Sm 2 O 3 is most likely attributed to the profuse nucleation sites created by the UV irradiation and the abundance of hydroxyl groups on the support. The hydrogenation of styrene to ethylbenzene was studied as a model reaction. As a result, the UV radiated sample shows an excellent TOF value of 7419 h −1 , which is quadruple of the sample without UV irradiation, under the condition of 0.1 MPa H 2 at a content of 1.0 wt% Pd. Besides, UV radiated sample shows a negligible performance degradation during the repeated cycling process. This photo-promoted H 2 reduction process provides a convenient and straightforward route for assembling materials with novel structures and functions for nanotechnology applications.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
催化化学
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